CN111975440A - Liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming cutter and mounting method thereof - Google Patents
Liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming cutter and mounting method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111975440A CN111975440A CN202010850630.3A CN202010850630A CN111975440A CN 111975440 A CN111975440 A CN 111975440A CN 202010850630 A CN202010850630 A CN 202010850630A CN 111975440 A CN111975440 A CN 111975440A
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- blade
- liquid nitrogen
- chip breaker
- pressing plate
- cutter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/10—Cutting tools with special provision for cooling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of cutters and discloses a liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming cutter and an installation method thereof, wherein the liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming cutter comprises a cutter body, wherein a blade installation groove is formed in the cutter body; the blade mounting groove is sequentially provided with a knife pad, a blade, a chip breaker and a pressing plate from bottom to top; and a liquid nitrogen channel for liquid nitrogen to pass through is formed in the blade. The invention effectively solves the problem of large environmental pollution caused by cooling the existing cutter by using a cooling medium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cutters, in particular to a liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming cutter and an installation method thereof.
Background
The cooling medium is a common consumable material in the use process of the cutter. The existing cooling medium generally adopts cooling liquid which is divided into inorganic salt type and organic acid type. The cooling liquid, whether of inorganic salt type or organic acid type, is formed after cooling is finished
With the increasing environmental protection requirement, various processing machinery manufacturing enterprises are seeking environmental protection and clean processing technology,
processing has now emerged using liquid nitrogen as a cooling medium. However, the traditional forming cutter has a long cutting edge line, and the external cooling cannot achieve an ideal cooling effect; the liquid nitrogen can easily freeze each functional component in the using process and can be recycled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming tool, which solves the problem that the conventional tool is polluted by a traditional cooling medium.
In order to solve the above problems, the following scheme is provided:
a liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming cutter comprises a cutter body, wherein a blade mounting groove is formed in the cutter body; the blade mounting groove is sequentially provided with a knife pad, a blade, a chip breaker and a pressing plate from bottom to top; and a liquid nitrogen channel for liquid nitrogen to pass through is formed in the blade.
The scheme has the advantages that:
according to the invention, the blade is cooled by the liquid nitrogen through the liquid nitrogen channel arranged in the blade, so that the blade is clean, and meanwhile, the liquid nitrogen can be recovered for reuse. The problem that the existing cutter cooling medium is polluted greatly can be effectively solved.
Further, the blade has a blade sharp end, and the liquid nitrogen channel is disposed along the blade sharp end edge.
The liquid nitrogen channel is arranged along the sharp end of the blade, so that the liquid nitrogen channel is arranged at each position of the sharp end of the blade,
further, the sharp end of the blade includes a planar end at the front end and an arcuate end at the rear end.
The front end part of the sharp end of the blade is a plane end with a flat outer surface, and the rear end part of the sharp end of the blade is an arc end with an arc outer surface.
Furthermore, the chip breaker is provided with a chip breaker sharp end, the chip breaker sharp end is positioned at the end part of the cutter body, and the chip breaker sharp end is positioned at the same side as the blade sharp end.
The chips generated by cutting machining are cut off from the workpiece to be machined through the sharp end of the chip breaker, part of cutting heat is taken away by the chips, the chips leave the machining tool as soon as possible, cutting heat residues on the forming blade can be reduced, and the workload of liquid nitrogen is reduced.
Further, the liquid nitrogen channel comprises a plurality of blade honeycomb-shaped holes penetrating through the blades, and all the blade honeycomb-shaped holes are arranged along the outer edges of the sharp ends of the blades.
The direction of each honeycomb-shaped hole is parallel to the direction of the outer edge of the blade.
Further, all the blade honeycomb holes form a honeycomb structure on the same section.
Through the honeycomb-shaped holes of the blade, liquid nitrogen can flow through the liquid nitrogen channel in a large number of layers, so that each part of the blade is convenient to cool, and the problem that the existing cutter is easy to damage due to uneven cooling position distribution is avoided.
Further, a heat insulation layer is arranged on the cutter body, and a liquid nitrogen inlet hole communicated with the liquid nitrogen channel is formed in the heat insulation layer.
Through liquid nitrogen import hole, connect liquid nitrogen storage device, make the liquid nitrogen can flow into the liquid nitrogen passageway through liquid nitrogen import hole, cool off the blade.
Further, the cutter blade mounting groove structure also comprises a pressing plate arranged above the chip breaker and a side pressing plate arranged at the rear end of the blade mounting groove; the pressing plate and the side pressing plate fix all parts in the blade mounting groove together.
And the chip breaker, the blade and the knife pad in the blade mounting groove are all clamped in the blade mounting groove through the upper pressure plate and the rear side pressure plate.
Further, the rear end of the blade is provided with a blade limiting hole, and outlets of all the honeycomb-shaped holes of the blade are arranged in the blade limiting hole.
Through the blade limiting holes, the outlets of the honeycomb-shaped holes of the blades are limited at one position, so that the honeycomb-shaped holes of the blades can be conveniently connected with other parts.
And a liquid nitrogen channel outlet is formed in the side pressing plate and communicated with the blade limiting hole.
The liquid nitrogen storage device is communicated with the outlet of the liquid nitrogen channel, so that the liquid nitrogen cooled on the blade can be recycled.
The invention also provides a method for mounting the liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming cutter, which comprises the following steps:
step one, mounting a knife pad at the bottom of a blade mounting groove;
mounting a blade above the blade mounting groove, and enabling a cutter pad liquid nitrogen channel on the blade to be aligned and communicated with a liquid nitrogen inlet hole on the cutter body;
thirdly, installing a chip breaker above the blade, and enabling the sharp end of the chip breaker and the sharp end of the blade to be located on the outer side of the cutter body;
fourthly, a pressure plate is arranged above the chip breaker;
and fifthly, mounting a side pressing plate, and aligning and communicating the outlet of the liquid nitrogen channel on the side pressing plate with the liquid nitrogen channel on the blade.
The liquid nitrogen internally-cooled formed cutter formed by the method can enter the cutter through the liquid nitrogen channel to cool the blade. The installation method is convenient and rapid, and each part in the blade installation groove can be rapidly fixed through the pressing plate and the side pressing plate, so that the blades can be conveniently disassembled, assembled and replaced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an assembly schematic diagram of a liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling cutter mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a blade structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of honeycomb cells in the interior of a blade according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a hole of a thermal insulation layer of a blade according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 shows a side platen with a liquid nitrogen passage according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the cutter body 1, the blade 2, the shim 3, the chip breaker 4, a shim screw 5, a pressing plate 6, a pressing plate screw 7, a side pressing plate 8 and a side pressing screw 9.
Example one
The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached figures 1 and 2: the liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming cutter in the embodiment solves the problems that the traditional forming cutter has a long cutting edge line and external cooling cannot achieve an ideal cooling effect; meanwhile, the problem that each functional component is easy to freeze in the use process of the liquid nitrogen is solved, and the liquid nitrogen can be recycled.
The liquid nitrogen conformal inner cooling forming cutter in the embodiment comprises the following parts:
the cutter body 1 with the liquid nitrogen channel of the heat-insulating layer is of a block structure, the surface of the cutter body 1 is uniformly coated with the heat-insulating layer, and the heat-insulating layer can protect the part of the cutter body 1 from being frozen when liquid nitrogen flows through the cutter body 1; the left end of the cutter body 1 is provided with a blade 2 mounting groove for mounting the blade 2.
The forming blade 2 with the honeycomb-shaped liquid nitrogen through hole is characterized in that as shown in fig. 2, the right end of the blade 2 is a plane end matched with the mounting groove of the blade 2, the left end of the blade 2 is provided with an arc surface end, the front end of the left side of the blade 2 is a plane end, and the rear end of the left side is an arc surface end and is the rear end of the blade 2. The honeycomb holes on the blade 2 penetrate along the front end and the rear end of the blade 2 to form a cooling channel of the blade 2; as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of honeycomb holes are arranged in a matrix to form a cooling channel of the blade 2, the cooling channel of the blade 2 is close to the cambered end of the blade 2, and each honeycomb hole in the cooling channel of the blade 2 penetrates through the blade 2 back and forth along the outer edge shape of the cambered end of the blade 2. At the front end and the rear end of the blade 2, the hole arrays of all the honeycomb-shaped holes are arranged in a rectangular limiting hole of the blade 2, so that the limiting and the mounting of the blade 2 are facilitated. The honeycomb-shaped through holes can ensure that the liquid nitrogen contacts the forming blade 2 in a larger area, and the cooling effect is ensured. As shown in fig. 4, cutting is performed along any inclined slope near the front end of the blade 2 at the end of the arc-shaped face, and all the honeycomb-shaped holes are seen to form a honeycomb-like structure together, which facilitates the mass passage of liquid nitrogen and rapid cooling.
The knife pad 3 supports the blade 2, and the knife pad 3 can play a role in protecting the knife body 1 when abnormal phenomena such as vibration and the like occur in the cutting process; the shim 3 is located directly below the blade 2. The middle position of the knife pad 3 is provided with a threaded hole, and a knife pad screw 5 is connected with the knife pad 3 in a threaded manner. The shim screw 5 is used for connecting the shim 3 and the cutter body 1.
The chip breaker 4 plays a chip breaking and chip winding role, the chip breaker 4 is arranged above the blade 2, and the sharp end of the chip breaker 4 is positioned at the same side of the arc-shaped surface end of the blade 2 and is positioned at the end part of the cutter body 1 when being arranged on the cutter body 1. The sharp end of the chip breaker 4 is arranged obliquely downwards. The cutting heat can be partially taken away by cutting chips, and the chips leave the processing system as soon as possible, so that the cutting heat residues on the forming blade 2 can be reduced, and the workload of liquid nitrogen is reduced.
A pressing device pressing plate 6 for pressing the knife pad 3, the forming blade 2 and the chip breaker 4 in the vertical direction; the pressing plate 6 is in a shape of a circular truncated cone with a small upper part and a big lower part. The top of the pressure plate 6 is provided with a threaded hole, and a pressure plate screw 7 for pressing the pressure plate 6 downwards is connected. The cutter body 1 and the mounting pressure plate 6 are connected through a pressure plate screw 7.
And the side pressing plate 8 is provided with a liquid nitrogen channel outlet, and the side pressing plate 8 is arranged at the rear end of the cutter body 1 and is used for clamping the pressing plate 6, the chip breaker 4, the blade 2 and the shim 3 which are arranged in the mounting groove of the blade 2 from top to bottom. The liquid nitrogen channel on the side pressure plate 8 is just opposite to the limit hole of the blade 2 with the honeycomb-shaped hole on the blade 2. Through the spacing hole of blade 2, make the liquid nitrogen that flows through in the honeycomb hole directly can flow out from the liquid nitrogen passageway, liquid nitrogen can carry out recovery processing after the liquid nitrogen passageway export on the clamp plate 6 of flowing through, guarantees the economic nature of processing.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the outlet of the liquid nitrogen passage of the side pressing plate 8 is opened at the upper left corner of the side pressing plate 8, the side pressing plate 8 is provided with three screw holes arranged in an inverted "L" shape, and the side pressing plate 8 and the cutter body 1 are connected by three side pressing screws 9.
In this embodiment, the honeycomb-shaped through holes in the forming blade 2 are uniformly distributed along the forming cutting edge of the cutter, so that each region participating in cutting can be well cooled, and the holes are formed in the forming blade 2, so that the dimensional accuracy and the cutter strength of the forming cutting edge are not affected while good cooling is ensured. The cutter body 1 of the liquid nitrogen channel with the heat insulation layer can protect the cutter body 1 from freezing when liquid nitrogen flows through the cutter body 1. The liquid nitrogen can be recycled from the outlet of the liquid nitrogen channel after flowing through the liquid nitrogen channel.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the method for mounting the liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling cutter includes the following steps:
firstly, a shim 3 is arranged at the bottom of an installation groove of a blade 2 from top to bottom through a shim screw 5;
then, the sharp end of the blade 2, namely the cambered end of the blade 2, faces outwards, and the blade 2 installation groove are aligned. For ease of installation, the insert 2 mounting slot in this embodiment has three faces perpendicular to each other, including a bottom face and two side faces perpendicular to each other and cutting the perpendicular bottom faces respectively. During positioning, two adjacent surfaces of the blade 2 are respectively contacted with two side surfaces of the blade 2 mounting groove to position, so that the honeycomb-shaped hole at the front end of the positioned blade 2 is aligned and communicated with the liquid nitrogen inlet hole on the cutter body 1.
Thirdly, aligning the sharp end of the chip breaker 4 with the sharp end of the blade 2, aligning two adjacent surfaces of the chip breaker 4 with two side surfaces of the mounting groove of the blade 2, and placing the chip breaker 4 above the blade 2;
fourthly, the pressing plate 6 is placed above the chip breaker 4, the pressing plate 6 is located in the middle of the chip breaker 4, the pressing plate screw 7 penetrates through the pressing plate 6, the pressing plate 6 is tightly clamped with two side faces in the installation groove of the blade 2, and meanwhile the pressing plate 6 is enabled to downwards press all parts installed in the installation groove of the blade 2.
Fifthly, the side pressing plate 8 is attached to each part in the blade 2 mounting groove from back to front, and three side pressing screws 9 are mounted, so that the side pressing plate 8 and the cutter body 1 are tightly clamped, meanwhile, each part in the blade 2 mounting groove is tightly clamped in the blade 2 mounting groove, the liquid nitrogen channel outlet on the side pressing plate 8 is aligned with the blade 2 limiting hole on the blade 2, and the liquid nitrogen channel outlet is communicated with a liquid nitrogen channel formed by the honeycomb-shaped holes of the blade 2.
Example two
The difference with the first embodiment is that four lateral pressure screws 9 are provided in the present embodiment, and the threaded holes corresponding to the four lateral pressure screws 9 are arranged in a square shape, wherein the threaded hole at the upper left corner is opposite to the limiting hole of the blade 2 on the blade 2, so that all the honeycomb-shaped holes on the blade 2 can flow out through the threaded hole. The screw in the screw hole is of an axial hollow structure, namely, the outer side of the screw is provided with an external thread for fixing the side pressure plate 8 and the cutter body 1, the axial channel of the screw is communicated with the lower limiting hole of the blade 2 for flowing liquid nitrogen passing through the honeycomb-shaped hole, the screw is called a through hole screw, and the axial channel of the screw is called an outlet of the liquid nitrogen channel.
EXAMPLE III
The difference from the first embodiment is that the thermal insulation layer in the first embodiment is not directly coated on the surface of the cutter body 1, as shown in fig. 5, the thermal insulation layer in the first embodiment is disposed at the end of the cutter body 1 and is used for contacting with the blade 2, and corresponding thermal insulation layer holes are formed in the thermal insulation layer at positions corresponding to the honeycomb-shaped holes at the rear end of the blade 2, and the thermal insulation layer holes penetrate through the thermal insulation layer all the way, so that liquid nitrogen can be introduced into the honeycomb-shaped holes of the blade 2 through the thermal insulation layer holes.
Example four
The difference from the first embodiment is that chip breaker 4 limiting grooves used for being connected with the chip breakers 4 are respectively formed on two side surfaces of the blade 2 mounting groove, and chip breaker 4 limiting blocks protruding outwards are integrally formed at corresponding positions of the chip breakers 4. The limiting block of the chip breaker 4 extends into the limiting groove of the chip breaker 4 to connect and limit the relative position of the chip breaker 4 and the cutter body 1. Meanwhile, a chip breaker 4 limiting groove used for being matched with a chip breaker 4 limiting block is also formed in one surface, close to the chip breaker 4, of the side pressure plate 8.
EXAMPLE five
The difference from the first embodiment is that a threaded hole corresponding to the pressure plate 6 is formed in the middle position of the top surface of the chip breaker 4, and the pressure plate screw 7 penetrates through the pressure plate 6 and is connected with the chip breaker 4. The pressure plate 6 is connected with the chip breaker 4 by means of a pressure plate screw 7.
EXAMPLE six
The difference from the first embodiment is that in the first embodiment, blind holes corresponding to threaded holes in the side pressing plate 8 are formed in the side of the chip breaker 4 and the shim 3 close to the side pressing plate 8, and the side pressing plate 8 and each component in the blade 2 mounting groove are connected through a side pressing screw 9.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention, and common general knowledge in the field of known specific structures and characteristics is not described herein in any greater extent than that known in the art at the filing date or prior to the priority date of the application, so that those skilled in the art can now appreciate that all of the above-described techniques in this field and have the ability to apply routine experimentation before this date can be combined with one or more of the present teachings to complete and implement the present invention, and that certain typical known structures or known methods do not pose any impediments to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The liquid nitrogen conformal internally-cooled forming cutter is characterized by comprising a cutter body, wherein a blade mounting groove is formed in the cutter body; the blade mounting groove is sequentially provided with a knife pad, a blade, a chip breaker and a pressing plate from bottom to top; and a liquid nitrogen channel for liquid nitrogen to pass through is formed in the blade.
2. The tool of claim 1, wherein the blade has a blade sharp end and the liquid nitrogen channel is disposed along the blade sharp end edge.
3. The liquid nitrogen conformal cold-forming tool as claimed in claim 2, wherein the sharp end of the blade includes a planar end at a front end and an arcuate end at a rear end.
4. The liquid nitrogen conformal internally cooled forming tool as claimed in claim 2, wherein the chip breaker has a chip breaker sharp end, the chip breaker sharp end is located at the end of the tool body, and the chip breaker sharp end is located at the same side as the blade sharp end.
5. The tool according to claim 2, wherein the liquid nitrogen channel comprises a plurality of blade honeycomb holes penetrating through the blade, and all the blade honeycomb holes are arranged along the outer edge of the sharp end of the blade.
6. The liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming tool according to claim 5, wherein all the honeycomb holes of the blade form a honeycomb structure on the same cross section.
7. The tool as claimed in claim 2, wherein the tool body is provided with a thermal insulation layer, and the thermal insulation layer is provided with a liquid nitrogen inlet hole for communicating with the liquid nitrogen channel.
8. The liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming tool as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a pressing plate disposed above the chip breaker and a side pressing plate disposed at a rear end of the blade mounting groove; the pressing plate and the side pressing plate fix all parts in the blade mounting groove together.
9. The liquid nitrogen conformal internally-cooled forming tool according to claim 5, wherein the rear end of the blade is provided with a blade limiting hole, and outlets of all the honeycomb-shaped holes of the blade are arranged in the blade limiting hole
10. The method for mounting the liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming cutter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, mounting a knife pad at the bottom of a blade mounting groove;
mounting a blade above the blade mounting groove, and enabling a cutter pad liquid nitrogen channel on the blade to be aligned and communicated with a liquid nitrogen inlet hole on the cutter body;
thirdly, installing a chip breaker above the blade, and enabling the sharp end of the chip breaker and the sharp end of the blade to be located on the outer side of the cutter body;
fourthly, a pressure plate is arranged above the chip breaker;
and fifthly, mounting a side pressing plate, and aligning and communicating the outlet of the liquid nitrogen channel on the side pressing plate with the liquid nitrogen channel on the blade.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010850630.3A CN111975440B (en) | 2020-08-21 | 2020-08-21 | Liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming cutter and mounting method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010850630.3A CN111975440B (en) | 2020-08-21 | 2020-08-21 | Liquid nitrogen conformal internal cooling forming cutter and mounting method thereof |
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| CN111975440A true CN111975440A (en) | 2020-11-24 |
| CN111975440B CN111975440B (en) | 2021-11-09 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113001182A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-22 | 汕头大学 | Combined cutter, device and method for forming array structure fins |
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| CN113001182A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-22 | 汕头大学 | Combined cutter, device and method for forming array structure fins |
| CN113001182B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-01-04 | 汕头大学 | Combined cutter, device and method for forming array structure fins |
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| CN111975440B (en) | 2021-11-09 |
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