CN111972203A

CN111972203A - Fruit tree planting method capable of improving yield

Info

Publication number: CN111972203A
Application number: CN202010870404.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龙乐建; 刘佳昊; 刘秋华
Original assignee: Hengdong Linxin Agriculture And Forestry Science And Technology Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hengdong Linxin Agriculture And Forestry Science And Technology Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-26
Filing date: 2020-08-26
Publication date: 2020-11-24

Abstract

The invention discloses a fruit tree planting method capable of improving yield, and relates to the technical field of fruit tree planting; the method comprises the following steps: site selection and garden building, land pretreatment, cultivation, irrigation and fertilization, pollination in flowering phase, pest control, and irrigation period: watering the fruit trees according to the survival and climate conditions of the fruit trees with the minimum amount of water required for survival in spring, then watering the fruit trees with normal amount in summer, digging a ditch in the middle of the row of the fruit trees when watering, and watering at the position of the ditch. According to the invention, different watering modes are carried out in spring and summer by setting a specific irrigation fertilization mode, and fertilization is carried out immediately after watering by arranging the water channel during watering, so that on one hand, the pollution of water flow flowing into a ditch and a river during watering can be avoided, on the other hand, when the water flow penetrates underground, the fertilizer can penetrate along with the water flow, and even if the water flow meets the rainy weather subsequently, the water body is not polluted.

Description

Fruit tree planting method capable of improving yield

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree planting, in particular to a fruit tree planting method capable of improving yield.

Background

With the development of economy and rich material level, people have higher and higher requirements on food health, the expression of 'green food' is due to the scene, fruits are one of favorite foods of people, but when fruit trees are planted, compared with other crop products, the fruit trees have a longer growth cycle, lower mu value yield and higher relative planting cost, and the growth cycle of the fruit trees is used as the inherent characteristic of the fruit trees and is difficult to improve, so that the invention aims to solve the problem of how to improve the yield of the fruit trees and reduce the planting cost of the fruit trees.

Through search, Chinese patent publication No. CN109566254A discloses a fruit tree planting method capable of improving yield, which comprises the following steps: s1: building a garden; s2: cultivating; s3: planting on a straight line or on the edge of other geometric shapes at a planting distance of 15-30 cm; s4: fertilizing; s5: after survival, every other fruit tree is forced to grow rightwards at an angle of 60-80 degrees with the ground, and then adjacent fruit trees are forced to grow leftwards at an angle of 60-80 degrees with the ground to form a net shape; s6: pest control is carried out; s7: and (5) disease control is carried out.

The above patents suffer from the following disadvantages: the fertilizer is mainly used for increasing the yield, the special substances are added into the fertilizer, the nutrition of the fruit trees is guaranteed, but when the fertilizer is used, the fertilizer can enable the soil to be sufficient in nutrition, other microorganisms can be bred while the fruit trees absorb the fertilizer, and the fertilizer can flow off along with water flow in a rainy day or an irrigation period, enters rivers or lakes, causes water eutrophication and pollutes the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a fruit tree planting method capable of improving yield.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a fruit tree planting method capable of improving yield comprises the following steps:

s1: selecting a site and building a garden, and selecting a land with proper soil texture and pH value according to the actual planting species;

s2: pre-treating the land, namely turning the land, and treating ridges, pits, piles and the like according to the requirement;

s3: cultivating, reasonably planning the row spacing and the row spacing of the fruit trees in advance according to the terrain, and planting;

s4: irrigating and fertilizing; firstly, irrigating according to soil and climate conditions, and applying fruit fertilizer after irrigating;

s5: pollination is carried out in the flowering phase, and the fruit trees in the flowering phase are pollinated, so that poor pollination caused by natural pollination is avoided;

s6: the pest control is carried out according to different stages and different types of pests.

Preferably: in S4, the irrigation period is: watering the fruit trees according to the survival and climate conditions of the fruit trees with the minimum amount of water required for survival in spring, then watering the fruit trees with normal amount in summer, digging a ditch in the middle of the row of the fruit trees when watering, and watering at the position of the ditch.

Preferably: in the S4, the fruit fertilizer comprises the following components: 20-44 parts of biogas residues, 15-20 parts of potassium chloride, 8-10 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of urea, 12-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-3 parts of distiller's yeast and 8-17 parts of ammonium chloride.

Preferably: in the S4, the fruit fertilizer comprises the following components: 20-44 parts of biogas residues, 15-20 parts of potassium chloride, 8-10 parts of humic acid, 2-3 parts of biological fermentation microbial inoculum, 1-2 parts of microorganism, 2-3 parts of medium trace elements, 5-10 parts of urea, 12-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-3 parts of distiller's yeast and 8-17 parts of ammonium chloride.

Preferably: in the S5, the pollination step is as follows:

s51: collecting flowers, selecting tree species meeting with affinity in the flowering phase, and using mixed pollen if the varieties are divided;

s52: the method comprises the following steps of (1) collecting anthers, pouring the collected flowers into a bamboo screen, firstly screening leaves and stems, then rubbing out the anthers, and spreading and drying in the air by using white paper;

s53: making into medicine, sewing the spread and dried anther into a wide waistband with gauze, filling anther, tying on the flesh of human living animal, taking out anther after two days,

s53: preparing pollen, mixing anther and starch or talcum powder according to the weight ratio of 1: 5-8, fully mixing;

s54: and (5) flower pollination, namely, the prepared pollen is spotted on the stigma of the fruit tree flower to finish pollination.

Preferably: in the S51, flowers with loose petals and about to open are collected 2-3 days before pollination, when flowers are picked, the flowers are picked according to the amount of flowers of each fruit tree, 2-3g of anthers are extracted from each 100g of flowers, and the total amount of the picked flowers is determined according to the total amount of the required anthers.

Preferably: in the S54, the time for pollination is as follows: ten am or four pm on a sunny day that blossoms 2-3.

Preferably: in the step S54, the flower dotting specifically comprises the following steps: selecting the positions and the proportion of the reserved fruits according to the flowering conditions of the fruit trees in advance, pouring the prepared division into a drying bottle, hanging the division on fingers by using a rope, pinching a writing brush by hands to dip pollen, and spotting the pollen on the female flower stigmas, wherein 2-3 flower stigmas can be awarded after the pollen is dipped once.

Preferably: in the S6, the pest control method comprises the following types and methods:

a1: preventing and controlling pests with chewing mouthparts, namely spraying and killing the pests by No. 3 juvenile urine in the larval stage of the pests;

a2: preventing and treating piercing-sucking mouthpart pests, in the larval stage of the pests, adopting one of omethoate, shrinkstone or acetamiprid, and matching with 2500-3000 times of dilution water, and spraying to kill the pests;

a3: controlling insects on the surface of the fruit tree, turning soil of the fruit tree at the root of the fruit tree before the fruit tree enters spring in winter, binding grass at the root of the fruit tree, luring pests to the grass, and burning the pests in a centralized manner;

a4: and (3) controlling underground pests, namely spraying phoxim on the ground of the orchard and watering the orchard with a small amount of water.

Preferably: in the S6, the method for controlling a disease includes:

b1: strengthening fruit tree quarantine, taking fruit tree growers as cores, collecting and analyzing disease information of fruit trees, distinguishing fruit tree planting areas with diseases from fruit tree planting areas without diseases, sampling before planting for laboratory quarantine aiming at imported and exported saplings and tree species, and putting into use by a harmless rear method;

b2: biological control, according to the type of fruit tree and the types of diseases which are easy to generate in the past, the fruit tree is inoculated with pathogen weak toxicants to enable the fruit tree to generate antibodies correspondingly, when in inoculation, all the vaccines are not needed to be inoculated on one fruit tree, the vaccine types can be evenly inoculated in the area, and the cross infection protection principle is utilized to enable all the fruit tree antibodies to be mutually transmitted;

b3: agricultural prevention and control, namely firstly, cultivating disease-free nursery stocks, and planting the disease-free nursery stocks by pruning, grafting, breeding and the like; secondly, breeding disease-resistant varieties; thirdly, park management is enhanced.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, different watering modes are carried out in spring and summer by setting a specific irrigation fertilization mode, and fertilization is carried out immediately after watering by arranging the water channel during watering, so that on one hand, the pollution of water flow flowing into a ditch and a river during watering can be avoided, on the other hand, when the water flow penetrates underground, the fertilizer can penetrate along with the water flow, and even if the water flow meets the rainy weather subsequently, the water body is not polluted.

2. The pollination mode can avoid insufficient pollination amount of natural pollination, ensure the reliability of the flower pollination period, ensure the reliability of subsequent results, and prevent insufficient yield caused by insufficient pollination amount of the flowers.

3. The invention can greatly avoid the infection of fruit trees with diseases and insect pests by pertinently preventing and controlling the diseases and insect pests, can reduce the use of pesticides to a certain extent, and can increase the yield of the fruit trees on the basis of catering to the concept of 'green food'.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a fruit tree planting method capable of increasing yield according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.

In the description of this patent, it is noted that unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixedly connected, disposed, detachably connected, disposed, or integrally connected and disposed. The specific meaning of the above terms in this patent may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

Example 1:

In S4, the irrigation period is: watering the fruit trees according to the survival and climate conditions of the fruit trees with the minimum amount of water required for survival in spring, then watering the fruit trees with normal amount in summer, digging a ditch in the middle of the row of the fruit trees when watering, and watering at the position of the ditch.

In the S4, the fruit fertilizer comprises the following components: 20-44 parts of biogas residues, 15-20 parts of potassium chloride, 8-10 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of urea, 12-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-3 parts of distiller's yeast and 8-17 parts of ammonium chloride.

In the S5, the pollination step is as follows:

In the S51, flowers with loose petals and about to open are collected 2-3 days before pollination, when flowers are picked, the flowers are picked according to the amount of flowers of each fruit tree, 2-3g of anthers are extracted from each 100g of flowers, and the total amount of the picked flowers is determined according to the total amount of the required anthers.

In the S54, the time for pollination is as follows: in ten am or four afternoon of a fine day with blooming 2-3, the flower ordering method comprises the following specific steps: selecting the positions and the proportion of the reserved fruits according to the flowering conditions of the fruit trees in advance, pouring the prepared division into a drying bottle, hanging the division on fingers by using a rope, pinching a writing brush by hands to dip pollen, and spotting the pollen on the female flower stigmas, wherein 2-3 flower stigmas can be awarded after the pollen is dipped once.

Example 2:

In the S5, the pollination step is as follows:

In the S6, the pest control method comprises the following types and methods:

In the S6, the method for controlling a disease includes:

Example 3:

In the S4, the fruit fertilizer comprises the following components: 20-44 parts of biogas residues, 15-20 parts of potassium chloride, 8-10 parts of humic acid, 2-3 parts of biological fermentation microbial inoculum, 1-2 parts of microorganism, 2-3 parts of medium trace elements, 5-10 parts of urea, 12-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-3 parts of distiller's yeast and 8-17 parts of ammonium chloride.

In the S5, the pollination step is as follows:

In the S6, the pest control method comprises the following types and methods:

In the S6, the method for controlling a disease includes:

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fruit tree planting method capable of improving yield is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The fruit tree planting method for improving the yield of the fruit trees according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the irrigation period is as follows: watering the fruit trees according to the survival and climate conditions of the fruit trees with the minimum amount of water required for survival in spring, then watering the fruit trees with normal amount in summer, digging a ditch in the middle of the row of the fruit trees when watering, and watering at the position of the ditch.

3. The fruit tree planting method capable of improving the yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the fruit fertilizer comprises the following components: 20-44 parts of biogas residues, 15-20 parts of potassium chloride, 8-10 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of urea, 12-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-3 parts of distiller's yeast and 8-17 parts of ammonium chloride.

4. The fruit tree planting method capable of improving the yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the fruit fertilizer comprises the following components: 20-44 parts of biogas residues, 15-20 parts of potassium chloride, 8-10 parts of humic acid, 2-3 parts of biological fermentation microbial inoculum, 1-2 parts of microorganism, 2-3 parts of medium trace elements, 5-10 parts of urea, 12-20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-3 parts of distiller's yeast and 8-17 parts of ammonium chloride.

5. The fruit tree planting method capable of improving the yield of the fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the pollination step is:

6. The method for planting fruit trees according to claim 5, wherein in S51, flowers whose petals are loose and are about to open are collected 2-3 days before pollination, and when flowers are collected, the flowers are picked according to the amount of flowers of each fruit tree, 2-3g of anthers are extracted from every 100g of flowers, and the total amount of the picked flowers is determined according to the total amount of the required anthers.

7. The fruit tree planting method capable of improving the yield of the fruit trees as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step S54, the time for pollination is as follows: ten am or four pm on a sunny day that blossoms 2-3.

8. The fruit tree planting method capable of improving the yield as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step S54, the flower-spotting steps are as follows: selecting the positions and the proportion of the reserved fruits according to the flowering conditions of the fruit trees in advance, pouring the prepared division into a drying bottle, hanging the division on fingers by using a rope, pinching a writing brush by hands to dip pollen, and spotting the pollen on the female flower stigmas, wherein 2-3 flower stigmas can be awarded after the pollen is dipped once.

9. The fruit tree planting method capable of improving the yield of the fruit tree in the S6, wherein the pest control includes the following types and methods:

10. The fruit tree planting method capable of improving the yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the disease control method comprises the following steps: