CN111964806A - Optical fiber temperature sensor based on S-shaped tapered single-mode optical fiber packaging structure and preparation method - Google Patents
Optical fiber temperature sensor based on S-shaped tapered single-mode optical fiber packaging structure and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111964806A CN111964806A CN202010886076.4A CN202010886076A CN111964806A CN 111964806 A CN111964806 A CN 111964806A CN 202010886076 A CN202010886076 A CN 202010886076A CN 111964806 A CN111964806 A CN 111964806A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2552—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding reshaping or reforming of light guides for coupling using thermal heating, e.g. tapering, forming of a lens on light guide ends
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber temperature sensor based on an S-shaped tapered single-mode optical fiber packaging structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the sensor comprises the following components: the Teflon sleeve is wrapped outside the S-shaped conical optical fiber structure and is filled with refractive index matching fluid, so that the S-shaped conical optical fiber structure is completely immersed by the refractive index matching fluid; a double sealing method is adopted when the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure and the Teflon sleeve are packaged; the input optical fiber of the input end of the optical fiber temperature sensor is connected with the wide-spectrum light source, the output optical fiber of the output end is connected with the spectrometer, when the temperature of the detection area changes within a certain range, the position and the intensity of a characteristic transmission peak in the transmission spectrum collected by the spectrometer can change, and the detection of the temperature change can be realized by tracking the wavelength change of the characteristic transmission peak. The optical fiber sensor has the advantages of small volume, simple and compact structure, high mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to an optical fiber temperature sensor based on an S-shaped tapered single-mode optical fiber packaging structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In modern society, the application range of temperature measurement is wide, such as the health detection of building structures, the temperature information monitoring of power equipment, and more particularly, the temperature measurement relates to various military and civil industries such as aerospace, remote control and the like. In the development process of a plurality of sensing devices, the optical fiber sensor is distinguished by unique advantages, has compact and small structure and low price, is suitable for large-range and high-sensitivity detection, has incomparable advantages compared with the traditional electric sensor in the field of industrial application, and particularly can resist electromagnetic interference. Hitherto, optical fiber sensors for temperature sensing have been developed in many ways, and are mainly classified into optical fiber grating temperature sensors, optical fiber interferometers, and the like, in recent years, in order to realize temperature sensing with higher sensitivity, special optical fibers are used for manufacturing the sensors, and meanwhile, novel optical fiber processing technologies are gradually developed, including laser processing, chemical corrosion, liquid filling, and the like, and the sensing capability of the optical fiber sensors on external environment changes is improved to a certain extent by physically modifying the optical fibers. However, complex processing techniques inevitably add complexity and cost to the system, and the choice of new materials also results in some potentially high costs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and aims to design a temperature sensor which is simple in manufacturing process and can realize high-sensitivity sensing in a larger measuring range, wherein a commercial welding machine, a small-pinhole needle injector and other filling auxiliary tools are required in the whole manufacturing process of the sensor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention provides an optical fiber temperature sensor based on an S-shaped tapered single-mode optical fiber packaging structure, which comprises: the optical fiber comprises an S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure, a Teflon sleeve, an input optical fiber and an output optical fiber; wherein:
one end of the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure is connected with the input optical fiber, the other end of the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure is connected with the output optical fiber, the Teflon sleeve is wrapped outside the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure, and the Teflon sleeve is filled with refractive index matching fluid, so that the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure is completely immersed by the refractive index matching fluid; a double sealing method is adopted when the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure and the Teflon sleeve are packaged;
the input optical fiber of the input end of the optical fiber temperature sensor is connected with the wide-spectrum light source, the output optical fiber of the output end is connected with the spectrometer, when the temperature of the detection area changes within a certain range, the position and the intensity of a characteristic transmission peak in the transmission spectrum collected by the spectrometer can change, and the detection of the temperature change can be realized by tracking the wavelength change of the characteristic transmission peak.
Further, the shape parameters of the "S" -shaped tapered fiber structure of the present invention are:
the taper zone length L of the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure is 650-850 mu m, the taper waist diameter D is 25-40 mu m, and the axial deviation Offset is 50-65 mu m; the Teflon sleeve used for encapsulation had an internal diameter of 1.5mm, a wall thickness of 0.2mm and a length of 2 cm.
Furthermore, the input optical fiber and the output optical fiber of the invention are both single-mode optical fibers.
Further, the double sealing method of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of placing an S-shaped conical optical fiber structure in a Teflon sleeve, dropping ultraviolet curing glue at one end of a pipe orifice of the Teflon sleeve, irradiating and curing the S-shaped conical optical fiber structure by using an ultraviolet lamp, injecting refractive index matching fluid into the Teflon sleeve by using a small-aperture needle syringe, sealing the other end of the pipe orifice of the Teflon sleeve by using the ultraviolet curing glue after the S-shaped conical optical fiber structure is completely soaked in the refractive index matching fluid, and finally performing secondary packaging on the pipe orifices packaged at two ends by using AB glue.
The invention provides a preparation method of an optical fiber temperature sensor based on an S-shaped tapered single-mode optical fiber packaging structure, which comprises the following steps:
s1, single-mode fiber pretreatment: selecting two single-mode optical fibers, removing a coating protective layer of the optical fibers by using wire stripper or a blade, and wiping the surface of the optical fibers by using alcohol to remove residues; then, the end face of the optical fiber is cut to be flat by an optical fiber cutter for later use;
s2, selection of welding mode: melting and placing two single-mode optical fibers with the end surfaces cut to be flat on a welding machine, and fixing the two single-mode optical fibers by using a clamp; selecting a single-mode-single-mode welding mode, setting basic welding parameters, setting the core mode to be manual, setting the conical welding to be in an 'on' state, and adjusting the conical welding parameters: cone welding waiting time, cone welding speed and cone welding length;
s3, executing welding operation: after relevant parameters of a fusion mode are adjusted, a set button is pressed, two optical fibers can be seen to move slowly from a screen of an optical fiber fusion splicer until the two optical fibers are aligned, the two optical fibers keep still after cleaning and discharging are finished, radial dislocation of the two optical fibers occurs by adjusting the relative position of a clamp, the set button is pressed again, the optical fibers which are seen to be dislocated from the screen are slowly fused together, and then the optical fibers are stretched towards two sides to form an S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure gradually;
s4, packaging and filling: placing the prepared S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure into a packaged Teflon sleeve, dripping ultraviolet curing glue at one end of the Teflon sleeve, irradiating and curing by using an ultraviolet lamp, then injecting refractive index matching fluid into the tube by using a small-aperture needle injector, completely soaking the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure, sealing the other end of the tube orifice by using the ultraviolet curing glue, and finally carrying out secondary packaging on the tube orifice with the two packaged ends by using AB glue.
Further, the two single mode fibers selected in step S1 of the present invention have an inner diameter of 8 μm and an outer diameter of 125 μm.
Further, the basic welding parameters set in step S2 of the present invention are: the cleaning discharge time is 150ms, the fiber pre-melting power is standard, the fiber pre-melting time is 180ms, the overlap is 10 μm, the discharge power is standard, the discharge time is 2000ms, the secondary discharge power is standard intensity, the secondary discharge time is 0ses, the proceeding time is 180ms, and the stopping time is 0 ms.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the optical fiber temperature sensor based on the S-shaped conical single-mode optical fiber packaging structure and the preparation method have the advantages of simple manufacturing mode, easily available materials and low manufacturing cost, and integrates multiple advantages which are beneficial to improving the sensing sensitivity.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an S-tapered single mode fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber temperature sensor based on an S-tapered single-mode optical fiber package structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the original transmission spectrum of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature measurement experiment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph of wavelength shift of long wavelength dip in transmission spectrum at different temperatures according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1- "S" shape taper optical fiber structure; 2-Teflon sleeve; 3-an input optical fiber; 4-output fiber.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, replacing a common flat tapered optical fiber structure with an S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure 1, and determining suitable shape parameters of the S-shaped tapered optical fiber through debugging, wherein the taper region length L is 650-850 μm, the taper waist diameter D is 25-40 μm, and the axial deviation Offset is 50-65 μm; the Teflon sleeve 2 with high thermal expansion is selected to encapsulate the S-shaped tapered optical fiber, the inner diameter of the Teflon sleeve for encapsulation is 1.5mm, the wall thickness is 0.2mm, and the length is about 2 cm; the sleeve is filled with refractive index matching fluid with high optical activity, so that the effect of completely soaking the S-shaped tapered optical fiber is achieved; in order to ensure the tightness of the package, a double sealing method is used for the first time, and the stability of the measurement process is ensured.
On one hand, the inner diameter of the Teflon sleeve 2 used for packaging is up to 1.5mm and far larger than the cladding diameter of a single-mode optical fiber, on the other hand, the Teflon material has large thermal expansion, the wall thickness is only 0.2mm, and the combination is influenced in multiple aspects, so that the sleeve can sensitively sense the external change after being filled with liquid. The refractive index matching fluid has a large thermophotocity as a filler fluid.
The input end of the optical fiber sensor is connected with the wide-spectrum light source, the output end of the optical fiber sensor is connected with the spectrometer, the input optical fiber 3 and the output optical fiber 4 are single-mode optical fibers, when the temperature of a detection area changes within a certain range, the position and the intensity of a characteristic transmission peak in a transmission spectrum can change, and the detection of temperature change can be realized by tracking the wavelength change of the characteristic transmission peak.
The preparation method of the temperature sensor based on the S-cone single-mode optical fiber packaging structure does not gradually generate dislocation in the stretching process, but sets the optical fiber in a dislocation state before stretching, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, single-mode fiber pretreatment: selecting two single-mode optical fibers with the inner diameter of 8 mu m and the outer diameter of 125 mu m, removing a coating protective layer of the optical fibers by using wire stripper or a blade, and wiping the surface of the optical fibers by using alcohol to remove residues; and then the end face of the optical fiber is cut to be flat by an optical fiber cutter for later use.
S2, selection of welding mode: melting and placing two optical fibers with the end faces cut to be flat on a welding machine, and fixing the optical fibers by using a clamp; selecting a single-mode-single-mode welding mode, wherein basic welding parameters are as follows: the cleaning discharge time is 150ms, the fiber pre-melting power is standard, the fiber pre-melting time is 180ms, the overlap is 10 μm, the discharge 1 power is standard, the discharge 1 time is 2000ms, the secondary discharge power is standard intensity, the secondary discharge time is 0ses, the proceeding time is 180ms, and the stopping time is 0 ms. Then, the core alignment mode is set manually, the taper welding is in an 'on' state, and three main taper welding parameters 'taper welding waiting, taper welding speed and taper welding length' are to be adjusted.
S3, executing welding operation: after relevant parameters of a fusion mode are adjusted, a set button is pressed, two optical fibers can be seen to move slowly from a screen of the optical fiber fusion splicer until being aligned, the two optical fibers can keep still after cleaning and discharging are completed, radial dislocation of the two optical fibers occurs by adjusting the relative position of a clamp, the set button is pressed again at the moment, the optical fibers after dislocation can be seen from the screen and are slowly fused together, and the optical fibers are stretched towards two sides to form an S-shaped conical structure gradually.
S4, packaging and filling: slowly putting the prepared S-shaped tapered optical fiber into a packaging sleeve, dripping ultraviolet curing glue at one end of the sleeve, irradiating and curing by using an ultraviolet lamp, then injecting refractive index matching fluid into the sleeve by using a small-aperture needle injector, sealing the other end of the pipe orifice by using the ultraviolet curing glue after the S-shaped tapered optical fiber is completely soaked, and finally carrying out secondary packaging on the pipe orifice with two sealed ends by using AB glue.
The application process of using the optical fiber sensor to carry out temperature sensing measurement comprises the following steps:
the single-mode fibers at the two ends of the sensing head are respectively connected with the light source and the spectrometer, and the transmission spectrum shown in fig. 3 can be obtained by adjusting the output power of the light source. When the whole device is used for temperature sensing measurement, the sensing head is arranged in the heating furnace, and the single-mode optical fibers at two ends are fixed simultaneously so as to prevent the jitter from influencing the accuracy of experimental measurement. When the temperature in the furnace changes, the transmission spectrum changes correspondingly, dip in the spectrogram drifts towards the short wavelength direction along with the rise of the temperature, and the information of the change of the external temperature can be obtained by tracking the change of the dip wavelength.
In the whole temperature measurement process, one dip with the longest wavelength in a waveband range is selected for tracking and recording, the temperature response of the spectrum shows a larger wavelength drift response, the binomial fitting curve of the drift measurement is lambda-3.56T +1641, and the sensitivity is-3.56 nm/DEG C.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An optical fiber temperature sensor based on an S-taper single-mode optical fiber packaging structure, comprising: the optical fiber comprises an S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure (1), a Teflon sleeve (2), an input optical fiber (3) and an output optical fiber (4); wherein:
one end of the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure (1) is connected with the input optical fiber (3), the other end of the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure is connected with the output optical fiber (4), the Teflon sleeve (2) is wrapped outside the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure (1), and the Teflon sleeve (2) is filled with refractive index matching fluid, so that the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure (1) is completely immersed by the refractive index matching fluid; the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure (1) and the Teflon sleeve (2) are packaged by adopting a double sealing method;
the input optical fiber (3) of the input end of the optical fiber temperature sensor is connected with the wide-spectrum light source, the output optical fiber (4) of the output end is connected with the spectrometer, when the temperature of the detection area changes within a certain range, the position and the intensity of a characteristic transmission peak in the transmission spectrum collected by the spectrometer can change, and the detection of the temperature change can be realized by tracking the wavelength change of the characteristic transmission peak.
2. The optical fiber temperature sensor based on the S-tapered single mode optical fiber packaging structure according to claim 1, wherein the shape parameters of the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure (1) are as follows:
the taper zone length L of the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure (1) is 650-850 mu m, the taper waist diameter D is 25-40 mu m, and the axial deviation Offset is 50-65 mu m; the Teflon sleeve (2) used for encapsulation had an internal diameter of 1.5mm, a wall thickness of 0.2mm and a length of 2 cm.
3. The optical fiber temperature sensor based on the S-tapered single mode optical fiber packaging structure according to claim 1, wherein the input optical fiber (3) and the output optical fiber (4) are single mode optical fibers.
4. The optical fiber temperature sensor based on the S-taper single-mode optical fiber package structure of claim 1, wherein the double sealing method specifically comprises:
the method comprises the steps of placing an S-shaped conical optical fiber structure (1) in a Teflon sleeve (2), dropping ultraviolet curing glue at one end of a pipe orifice of the Teflon sleeve (2), irradiating and curing the ultraviolet curing glue by using an ultraviolet lamp, then injecting refractive index matching liquid into the Teflon sleeve (2) by using a small-aperture needle syringe, completely soaking the S-shaped conical optical fiber structure (1), sealing the other end of the pipe orifice of the Teflon sleeve (2) by using the ultraviolet curing glue, and finally carrying out secondary packaging on the pipe orifice with two sealed ends by using AB glue.
5. The optical fiber temperature sensor based on the S-tapered single mode optical fiber packaging structure, according to claim 1, wherein a Cargille refractive index matching fluid of 1.39 is selected as the filling fluid.
6. A preparation method of an optical fiber temperature sensor based on an S-shaped tapered single-mode optical fiber packaging structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, single-mode fiber pretreatment: selecting two single-mode optical fibers, removing a coating protective layer of the optical fibers by using wire stripper or a blade, and wiping the surface of the optical fibers by using alcohol to remove residues; then, the end face of the optical fiber is cut to be flat by an optical fiber cutter for later use;
s2, selection of welding mode: melting and placing two single-mode optical fibers with the end surfaces cut to be flat on a welding machine, and fixing the two single-mode optical fibers by using a clamp; selecting a single-mode-single-mode welding mode, setting basic welding parameters, setting the core mode to be manual, setting the conical welding to be in an 'on' state, and adjusting the conical welding parameters: cone welding waiting time, cone welding speed and cone welding length;
s3, executing welding operation: after relevant parameters of a fusion mode are adjusted, a set button is pressed, two optical fibers can be seen to move slowly from a screen of an optical fiber fusion splicer until the two optical fibers are aligned, the two optical fibers keep still after cleaning and discharging are finished, radial dislocation of the two optical fibers occurs by adjusting the relative position of a clamp, the set button is pressed again, the optical fibers which are seen to be dislocated from the screen are slowly fused together, and then the optical fibers are stretched towards two sides to form an S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure gradually;
s4, packaging and filling: placing the prepared S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure into a packaged Teflon sleeve, dripping ultraviolet curing glue at one end of the Teflon sleeve, irradiating and curing by using an ultraviolet lamp, then injecting refractive index matching fluid into the tube by using a small-aperture needle injector, completely soaking the S-shaped tapered optical fiber structure, sealing the other end of the tube orifice by using the ultraviolet curing glue, and finally carrying out secondary packaging on the tube orifice with the two packaged ends by using AB glue.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the two single-mode fibers selected in step S1 have an inner diameter of 8 μm and an outer diameter of 125 μm.
8. The method for preparing the optical fiber temperature sensor based on the S-tapered single-mode optical fiber packaging structure according to claim 6, wherein the basic welding parameters set in the step S2 are as follows: the cleaning discharge time is 150ms, the fiber pre-melting power is standard, the fiber pre-melting time is 180ms, the overlap is 10 μm, the discharge power is standard, the discharge time is 2000ms, the secondary discharge power is standard intensity, the secondary discharge time is 0ses, the proceeding time is 180ms, and the stopping time is 0 ms.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113189050A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-07-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | Sensor for detecting micro water in oil |
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