CN111961840B - Roasting treatment process of high-As high-S tin concentrate in fluidized bed roaster - Google Patents
Roasting treatment process of high-As high-S tin concentrate in fluidized bed roaster Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A roasting treatment process of a high-As high-S tin concentrate fluidized bed furnace comprises the following steps: a natural gas burner is arranged at the lower part of the fluidized bed furnace, and a mixing bunker and a clean coal bunker are arranged in front of the fluidized bed furnace; preparing the high As and high S tin concentrate and the clean coal in a material preparation system by an electronic belt scale; after being measured, the materials are continuously fed into a furnace for oxygen-enriched roasting through a cylindrical mixer; during roasting, weak oxidizing atmosphere is controlled in a fluidized bed furnace, and part of arsenic is removed while roasting and desulfurizing are carried out; after the tin calcine with most of As and S removed by roasting is cooled by a high-efficiency cylinder cooler of a discharging system, the tin calcine is conveyed to a middle storage bin of a pneumatic conveying system by a buried scraper conveyor and a bucket elevator; and the flue gas containing As and S in the roasting furnace is treated in sequence and then sent to an acid making system for treatment. The invention reduces the labor intensity of staff, reduces the wood consumption, protects natural resources, improves the working environment and reduces the environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tin metallurgy industry, and particularly relates to a roasting treatment process of a high-As high-S tin concentrate fluidized bed furnace.
Background
The traditional roasting mode of the fluidized bed furnace is that high As and high S tin concentrate is subjected to redox roasting in the fluidized bed furnace at a certain temperature range (650-850 ℃) to produce low As and low S qualified high-temperature tin calcine (As and S are less than or equal to 0.8%). When the fluidized bed furnace is opened, the temperature of the furnace is raised in a wood furnace drying mode, and after the temperature of the furnace is raised, the oxygen-enriched roasting process is carried out. The method mainly adopts an automobile transportation mode for transportation, and comprises the first step of transporting the cooled tin calcine to an intermediate storage bin through equipment such as a buried scraper conveyor, a bucket elevator and the like; and the second step is to transport the raw materials to a raw material bin of a smelting system of the tin top-blown furnace in an automobile transportation mode for batching.
When the fluidized bed furnace is opened, the furnace is dried by adopting a wood drying mode, and the defects of large wood consumption, low temperature rise speed, low thermal efficiency, high labor intensity of workers and the like exist. Although the automobile transportation mode of the tin calcine has the advantage of simple transportation process, the defects are as follows: 1) the roasted sand has fine grain size, is dry, is easy to cause flying loss, has poor field environment, is not good for the health of staff and causes certain pollution to the environment; the equipment facilities for water spraying, temperature reduction and dust removal are required to be added before and after the calcine is loaded, and the investment and maintenance cost is increased; the discharging point is easy to cause flying loss when the calcine is loaded on a loading point and unloaded into an ore bin, and the inorganization discharge is generated to pollute the field environment; 2) three shifts (configuration of engineering vehicles and drivers) are needed, fixed personnel and vehicles are added, the production operation cost is high, and potential safety hazards of transportation exist; 3) the one-time transportation quantity is small (8-9 t), the reverse transportation frequency is high, and the long-distance transportation is not suitable; 4) the road surface is splashed and splashed to lose in the transportation process, the management is inconvenient, and the technical and economic indexes such as the comprehensive recovery rate of tin and the like are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a roasting treatment process of a high-As high-S tin concentrate fluidized bed combustion boiler.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a roasting treatment process of a high-As high-S tin concentrate in a fluidized bed roaster comprises the following steps:
1) a natural gas burner for heating or heat preservation is arranged at the lower part of a boiling furnace, and 1 mixing bunker and 1 clean coal washing bunker are arranged in front of the boiling furnace;
2) high As, S tin concentrate and clean coal are proportioned in a material preparation system through different bins and electronic belt weighers, the mixture is proportioned according to different raw material sources, so that the mixture entering the furnace contains S2-6 wt.%, the As content is less than or equal to 2 wt.%, the clean coal blending amount is less than or equal to 3 wt.%, and the proportioned mixture is crushed and scattered and then is conveyed to a mixing bin in front of a fluidized bed furnace through a rubber belt conveyor; the clean coal bin is used for adjusting the temperature in the furnace;
3) the method comprises the following steps of continuously feeding materials into a furnace through a cylindrical mixer for oxygen-enriched roasting, controlling the amount of the fed materials in unit time to be 8-15t/h through a double-belt quantitative feeder, mixing oxygen from a pipe network with air blown by an air blower to form oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content lower than 30 v%, spraying the oxygen-enriched air into the furnace through a furnace bottom air box and an air cap to ensure that powdery materials in the furnace are fluidized and roasted, discharging roasted sand which finishes the roasting process from an overflow port of the furnace, continuously carrying out the whole feeding and discharging process, and controlling the roasting temperature to be 650 plus 750 ℃;
the basic principle of the fluidized roasting is that the fluidization technology is utilized, the materials entering the fluidized furnace are in a suspended state (fluidized) by blowing of a centrifugal fan, and gas and solid are fully contacted, so that the fastest mass transfer, heat transfer and momentum transfer speed between gas and solid are realized, the chemical reaction time of gas and solid is shortened, and the maximum equipment production capacity is obtained;
4) during roasting, the weak oxidizing atmosphere is controlled in a fluidized bed furnace, the weak oxidizing atmosphere is adjusted and controlled by the adding amount of the washed bituminous coal or the oxygen-enriched concentration, part of arsenic is removed while roasting desulfurization is carried out, and the capacity of a roasting hearth is 15t/m2D, the main principle and chemical reaction formula are as follows:
various sulfides in the tin concentrate are heated to generate thermal dissociation reaction,
FeS2(s)＝FeS(s)+1/2S2
2CuFeS2(s)＝Cu2S(s)+2FeS(s)+1/2S2
CuS(s)＝Cu2S(s)+1/2S2
4FeAsS(s)＝4FeS(s)+As4
FeAs2(s)＝4FeAs(s)+1/4As4
when the roasting temperature of the fluidized bed furnace is above 650 ℃, under the condition of oxygen, the product of the thermal dissociation reaction is oxidized, SO that the metal sulfide is converted into oxide, wherein the sulfur and the arsenic are mainly SO2、As2O3Is removed in the form of (a) or (b),
1/2S2+O2＝SO2
2FeS(s)+7/2O2＝Fe2O3(s)+2SO2
Cu2S(s)+3/2O2＝Cu2O(s)+SO2
As4(g)+3O2＝2As2O3(g)
2FeS2(s)+11/2O2＝Fe2O3(s)+4SO2
2FeAsS(s)+5O2＝Fe2O3(s)+As2O3(g)+2SO2
5) after the tin calcine with most of As and S removed by roasting is cooled by a high-efficiency cylinder cooler of a discharging system, the tin calcine is conveyed to a middle storage bin of a pneumatic conveying system by a buried scraper conveyor and a bucket elevator, and then is conveyed to a raw material bin of a tin top-blowing furnace for batching by a bin-type pump of a fluidized pneumatic conveying system;
6) the flue gas containing As and S in the roasting furnace is sent to an acid making system for treatment after being sequentially treated by a flue gas treatment system cyclone dust collector, a surface cooling dust collector, a high-temperature electric dust collector, a quench tower and a bag dust collector for arsenic collection;
7) returning the smoke dust of the cyclone dust collector, the surface-cooled dust collector and the high-temperature electric dust collector into the cylindrical mixer from the embedded scraper conveyor and then entering the roasting furnace for roasting;
8) the high-arsenic smoke dust collected by the quenching tower and the bag dust collector is transported to the next working procedure for treatment by a closed tank car.
Preferably, the oxygen-enriched concentration during the oxygen-enriched roasting is 25-30%.
Preferably, the particle size range of the mixture after crushing and scattering is less than or equal to 10 mm.
Preferably, an electronic scale is arranged below the mixing bin and the clean coal washing bin.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1) the natural gas burner is arranged at the lower part of the fluidized bed furnace, so that the heating speed is high and the heat efficiency is high; working links of carrying wood by staff, raking the furnace at high temperature and the like are omitted, the labor intensity of the staff is reduced, the wood consumption is reduced, natural resources are protected, and certain energy-saving and emission-reducing effects are achieved;
2) the method adopts a fluidization pneumatic conveying mode to convey the tin calcine produced by the fluidized bed furnace, cancels the traditional tin calcine automobile conveying mode, realizes the full-automatic sealing and conveying function, improves the operation environment and reduces the environmental pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The specific techniques, connections, conditions, or the like, which are not specified in the examples, are performed according to the techniques, connections, conditions, or the like described in the literature in the art or according to the product specification. The materials, instruments or equipment are not indicated by manufacturers, and all the materials, instruments or equipment are conventional products which can be obtained by purchasing.
Referring to fig. 1, a roasting treatment process of a high-As high-S tin concentrate in a fluidized bed roaster comprises the following steps:
1) a natural gas burner for heating or heat preservation is arranged at the lower part of a boiling furnace, and 1 mixing bunker and 1 clean coal washing bunker are arranged in front of the boiling furnace; an electronic scale is arranged below the mixing bin and the clean coal washing bin;
2) high As, S tin concentrate and clean coal are proportioned in a material preparation system through different bins and electronic belt weighers, the mixture is matched according to different raw materials, so that the mixture entering the furnace contains S2-6 wt%, As is less than or equal to 2 wt%, the adding amount of the clean coal is less than or equal to 3 wt%, the mixed material is crushed and scattered (the particle size range is less than or equal to 10mm), and the crushed and scattered mixed material is conveyed to a mixing bin in front of a fluidized bed furnace through a belt conveyor; the clean coal bin is used for adjusting the temperature in the furnace; when the temperature of the boiling layer in the furnace is lower than 650 ℃, increasing the amount of the added coal to be used as a heating fuel;
3) the method comprises the following steps of continuously feeding materials into a furnace through a cylindrical mixer for oxygen-enriched roasting, controlling the amount of the fed materials in unit time to be 8-15t/h through a double-belt quantitative feeder, mixing oxygen from a pipe network with air blown by an air blower to form oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content lower than 30 v%, spraying the oxygen-enriched air into the furnace through a furnace bottom air box and an air cap to ensure that powdery materials in the furnace are fluidized and roasted, discharging roasted sand which finishes the roasting process from an overflow port of the furnace, continuously carrying out the whole feeding and discharging process, and controlling the roasting temperature to be 650 plus 750 ℃;
4) during roasting, the weak oxidizing atmosphere is controlled in a fluidized bed furnace by reducing the oxygen addition amount of a pipe network and increasing the clean coal addition amount, part of arsenic is removed while roasting desulfurization is carried out, and the capacity of a roasting hearth is 15t/m2D, the main principle and chemical reaction formula are as follows:
various sulfides in the tin concentrate are heated to generate thermal dissociation reaction,
FeS2(s)＝FeS(s)+1/2S2
2CuFeS2(s)＝Cu2S(s)+2FeS(s)+1/2S2
CuS(s)＝Cu2S(s)+1/2S2
4FeAsS(s)＝4FeS(s)+As4
FeAs2(s)＝4FeAs(s)+1/4As4
when the roasting temperature of the fluidized bed furnace is above 650 ℃, under the condition of oxygen, the product of the thermal dissociation reaction is oxidized, SO that the metal sulfide is converted into oxide, wherein the sulfur and the arsenic are mainly SO2、As2O3Is removed in the form of (a) or (b),
1/2S2+O2＝SO2
2FeS(s)+7/2O2＝Fe2O3(s)+2SO2
Cu2S(s)+3/2O2＝Cu2O(s)+SO2
As4(g)+3O2＝2As2O3(g)
2FeS2(s)+11/2O2＝Fe2O3(s)+4SO2
2FeAsS(s)+5O2＝Fe2O3(s)+As2O3(g)+2SO2
5) after the tin calcine with most of As and S removed by roasting is cooled by a high-efficiency cylinder cooler of a discharging system, the tin calcine is conveyed to a middle storage bin of a pneumatic conveying system by a buried scraper conveyor and a bucket elevator, and then is conveyed to a raw material bin of a tin top-blowing furnace for batching by a bin-type pump of a fluidized pneumatic conveying system;
6) the flue gas containing As and S in the roasting furnace is sent to an acid making system for treatment after being sequentially treated by a flue gas treatment system cyclone dust collector, a surface cooling dust collector, a high-temperature electric dust collector, a quench tower and a bag dust collector for arsenic collection;
7) returning the smoke dust of the cyclone dust collector, the surface-cooled dust collector and the high-temperature electric dust collector into the cylindrical mixer from the embedded scraper conveyor and then entering the roasting furnace for roasting;
8) the high-arsenic smoke dust collected by the quenching tower and the bag dust collector is transported to the next working procedure for treatment by a closed tank car.
The tin calcine fluidization pneumatic conveying method has the following characteristics: (1) the method has the advantages of good safety and environmental protection effects, complete sealing of a tin calcine conveying system, low daily maintenance cost, high conveying efficiency, effective improvement of field operation environment, high production automation degree, good continuity and stability, and capability of meeting the requirements of safety, environmental protection and occupational health; (2) the pipeline configuration is flexible, the transportation process is smooth, and the production process flow is more reasonable by reducing the number of closed tank cars and personnel configuration; (3) the valuable metal dust flying loss is avoided, the labor cost and the loading, unloading and transporting cost are reduced, and the unit operation cost is effectively reduced; (4) the conveying materials are centralized and convenient to manage, and meanwhile, the conveyed materials can be prevented from being affected with damp, stained and mixed with other impurities, so that the conveying quality of the tin calcine is ensured.
Example 1
Treating 100t of tin concentrate containing 3.2wt.% of S and 1.8wt.% of As1.8, controlling the amount of clean coal prepared and washed in the roasting process to be 1-3 wt.%, controlling the feeding amount in unit time to be 10t/h, controlling the oxygen concentration of oxygen-enriched air to be 27%, and controlling the total blast volume to be 7700Nm3The calcination temperature is controlled at 690 ℃. The hot calcine obtained by roasting under the condition is cooled by a high-efficiency cylinder cooling machine, then conveyed to a gasification injection pump bin through a buried scraper conveyor and a bucket elevator, and finally conveyed to a top-blown charging bin in a pneumatic conveying mode through a gasification injection pump in a clean and high-efficiency manner. The obtained calcine contains s0.78wt.% and as0.75wt.% for a total of 95 t.
The flue gas generated by the calcine furnace is collected by a cyclone dust collector, a surface cooling dust collector and a high-temperature electric dust collector, most of the tin-containing smoke dust is collected by a cloth bag dust collector, then the high-arsenic smoke dust is collected by the cloth bag dust collector, and finally the high-arsenic smoke dust is conveyed to a desulfurization and acid-making process by a smoke pipe. The dust collected by the first three dust collectors is collected by a buried scraper conveyer, returned to the cylinder mixer and roasted again in the furnace, and the dust collected by the quench tower and the bag dust collector is transported to the next working procedure for treatment by a closed tank car. The smoke and the smoke dust are not leaked in the whole process, and the device is clean and environment-friendly.
Example 2
Treating 100t of tin concentrate containing S2.8 wt.% and As1.5 wt.%, wherein the amount of clean coal prepared and washed in the roasting process is 1-3 wt.%, the feeding amount in unit time is controlled to be 9t/h, the oxygen concentration of oxygen-enriched air is 25%, and the total blast volume is 7500Nm3The roasting temperature is controlled to be about 700 ℃. The hot calcine obtained by roasting under the condition is cooled by a high-efficiency cylinder cooling machine, then is conveyed to a gasification injection pump bin through a buried scraper conveyor and a bucket elevator, and finally is conveyed to a top-blown charging bin in a pneumatic conveying mode through a gasification injection pump in a clean and high-efficiency mode. The obtained calcine contains s0.65wt.% and as0.72wt.%, and the total content is 96 t.
The flue gas generated by the calcine furnace is collected by a cyclone dust collector, a surface cooling dust collector and a high-temperature electric dust collector, most of the tin-containing smoke dust is collected by a cloth bag dust collector, then the high-arsenic smoke dust is collected by the cloth bag dust collector, and finally the high-arsenic smoke dust is conveyed to a desulfurization and acid-making process by a smoke pipe. The dust collected by the first three dust collectors is collected by a buried scraper conveyer, returned to the cylinder mixer and roasted again in the furnace, and the dust collected by the quench tower and the bag dust collector is transported to the next working procedure for treatment by a closed tank car. The smoke and the smoke dust are not leaked in the whole process, and the device is clean and environment-friendly.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A roasting treatment process of a high-As high-S tin concentrate in a fluidized bed roaster is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) a natural gas burner for heating or heat preservation is arranged at the lower part of a boiling furnace, and 1 mixing bunker and 1 clean coal washing bunker are arranged in front of the boiling furnace;
2) high As, S tin concentrate and clean coal are proportioned in a material preparation system through different bins and electronic belt weighers, the mixture entering a furnace is matched according to different raw materials, the mixture contains S2-6 wt%, As is less than or equal to 2 wt%, the adding amount of the clean coal is less than or equal to 3 wt%, and the proportioned mixture is crushed and scattered and then is conveyed to a mixing bin in front of a fluidized bed furnace through a rubber belt conveyor; the clean coal bin is used for adjusting the temperature in the furnace;
3) the method comprises the following steps of continuously feeding materials into a furnace through a cylindrical mixer for oxygen-enriched roasting, controlling the amount of the fed materials in unit time to be 8-15t/h through a double-belt quantitative feeder, mixing oxygen from a pipe network with air blown by an air blower to form oxygen-enriched air with the oxygen content lower than 30 v%, spraying the oxygen-enriched air into the furnace through a furnace bottom air box and an air cap to ensure that powdery materials in the furnace are fluidized and roasted, discharging roasted sand which finishes the roasting process from an overflow port of the furnace, continuously carrying out the whole feeding and discharging process, and controlling the roasting temperature to be 650 plus 750 ℃;
4) during roasting, the weak oxidizing atmosphere is controlled in a fluidized bed furnace by reducing the oxygen addition amount of a pipe network and increasing the clean coal addition amount, part of arsenic is removed while roasting desulfurization is carried out, and the capacity of a roasting hearth is 15t/m2.d；
5) After the tin calcine with most of As and S removed by roasting is cooled by a high-efficiency cylinder cooler of a discharging system, the tin calcine is conveyed to a middle storage bin of a pneumatic conveying system by a buried scraper conveyor and a bucket elevator, and then is conveyed to a raw material bin of a tin top-blowing furnace for batching by a bin-type pump of a fluidized pneumatic conveying system;
6) the flue gas containing As and S in the roasting furnace is sent to an acid making system for treatment after being sequentially treated by a flue gas treatment system cyclone dust collector, a surface cooling dust collector, a high-temperature electric dust collector, a quench tower and a bag dust collector for arsenic collection;
7) returning the smoke dust of the cyclone dust collector, the surface-cooled dust collector and the high-temperature electric dust collector into the cylindrical mixer from the embedded scraper conveyor and then entering the roasting furnace for roasting;
8) the high-arsenic smoke dust collected by the quenching tower and the bag dust collector is transported to the next working procedure for treatment by a closed tank car.
2. The fluidized bed roasting treatment process of high As and high S tin concentrate according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen-enriched concentration during oxygen-enriched roasting is 25-30%.
3. The roasting treatment process of the tin concentrate with high As and high S in the fluidized bed combustion furnace As claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size range of the crushed and broken mixture is less than or equal to 10 mm.
4. The high As high S tin concentrate fluidized bed furnace roasting treatment process of claim 1, wherein an electronic scale is arranged below the mixing bunker and the clean coal washing bunker.
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| CN113789437A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-12-14 | 烟台市金奥环保科技有限公司 | Process method for recovering gold and silver by desulfurization and dearsenification of high-arsenic gold concentrate |
| CN114836617A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-08-02 | 柳州华锡有色设计研究院有限责任公司 | Method for efficiently smelting high-sulfur high-arsenic tin concentrate |
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| CN103725900A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-16 | 灌阳县贵达有色金属有限公司 | Method for removing arsenic and sulfur from tin concentrate |
| CN104152715A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-11-19 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Bottom blowing tin smelting process |
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| CN103725900A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-16 | 灌阳县贵达有色金属有限公司 | Method for removing arsenic and sulfur from tin concentrate |
| CN104152715A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-11-19 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Bottom blowing tin smelting process |
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