CN111961731A - Positioning method of CpG-based pork color character whole genome methylation sites - Google Patents
Positioning method of CpG-based pork color character whole genome methylation sites Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for positioning a CpG-based pork color-like whole genome methylation site, wherein the methylation site is based on chromosome 12 of reference sequence version 11.1 of international pig reference genome, and the methylation level of the site is high. The CpG methylation site provided by the invention is obviously related to the meat color character yellow value of the big white pig, so that the big white pig with good meat color stability can be screened by identifying the CpG methylation of the site, and the commercial pork with good meat quality can be obtained, thereby having important economic benefit and social value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of molecular biology, in particular to a positioning method of a CpG-based pork color-like whole genome methylation locus.
Background
The aim of the swine industry is to meet the ever-increasing consumer demand for pork and its products, both in terms of quantity and quality. In the genetic breeding of swine, swine productivity has always been a major breeding goal and significant efforts have been made. However, in recent years, with the development of the large-scale pig raising industry in China and the improvement of the living standard of people, the demand of consumers for high-quality pork is more and more urgent, and the quality of the pork also attracts more and more attention of people. Meat color is one of the most important measurement indexes in meat quality traits, is the external expression of physiological, biochemical and microbiological changes of muscle, and is an important economic index for measuring the quality of pork. The current common method for researching the meat color trait is to excavate SNP sites and candidate genes related to the meat color trait through molecular markers and whole genome association analysis, however, the meat color trait is influenced by various factors, and epigenetic variation is also an important factor influencing the trait. Therefore, it is important to develop and utilize a new method for improving pork quality.
Big white pigs are mainly introduced in the pig industry due to the characteristics of high growth speed and high lean meat percentage, but the pork quality of the big white pigs is poorer than that of local pigs in China, which causes huge economic loss to the breeding industry. Therefore, the quality of the pork of the big white pig is improved on the basis of ensuring the growth performance, and the improvement of the meat color stability has important significance for the pig industry. However, the meat quality trait and the growth trait of the pig are mostly negative inheritance, and the method of molecular marking and candidate genes has certain limitation, so that the method of excavating DNA methylation sites influencing phenotypic traits by an epigenetic method is a novel and effective method.
Epigenetics is a branch of biology investigating the heritable changes in gene expression without changes in DNA sequence. Epigenetics alters the structure of chromatin, primarily by way of gene modifications, interactions between proteins, and between proteins and other molecules, thereby regulating gene function and properties, and can be transmitted to the next generation through cell division and proliferation. DNA methylation is one of the most common, the earliest discovered, the most studied, and the most profound apparent modifications. There are many studies on pig epigenetics, but most of the studies focus on differential methylation analysis and non-coding RNA, and few studies utilize a whole-gene technology to perform association analysis between epigenetic variation and traits, so as to deeply reveal the relationship between phenotypic traits and epigenetic variation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a positioning method of a CpG-based pork color-like whole genome methylation locus, the obtained CpG methylation locus is obviously related to the meat color-like yellowness value of a big white pig, and the method has the advantages of accurate identification and high reliability.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a positioning method of CpG-based pork color-like whole genome methylation sites comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting experimental pigs;
s2, correcting the meat color character phenotype data of the experimental pig;
s3, collecting a muscle tissue sample of an experimental pig, and extracting genome DNA;
s4, detecting the quality and concentration of the extracted genomic DNA, selecting qualified genomic DNA for simplified representative methylation sequencing, and extracting CpG locus methylation level information;
s5, performing correlation analysis on the corrected phenotype characters of the experimental pig and the methylation level of the whole genome CpG sites by adopting an R software CpGassoc package, wherein the analysis model is as follows: y is Xm + An + e, wherein y represents the corrected phenotypic trait vector; m represents the degree of methylation of the CpG sites; n represents the degree of methylation of the remaining CpG sites; e represents a residual effect vector; x and A respectively represent incidence matrixes of m and a;
s6, using Bonferroni correction method controls multiple tests to correct correlation analysis result, and determines significance threshold as P < 7.79e-8And drawing a correlation analysis Manhattan graph, and displaying key sites which are obviously related to the flesh color trait by the Manhattan graph.
In a further technical scheme, in step S2, meat color trait phenotype data of the experimental pig are corrected, and a regression model is established as follows: y is the identity + year + month + gender + weight + Farm + e, wherein Y is the flesh color shape; parity is number of births; year is year; month is month; gender is gender; weight is slaughter weight; farm is a session; e is the residual error.
In a further embodiment, in step S3, the method for extracting genomic DNA is as follows:
s31, taking a soybean tissue sample, shearing the soybean tissue sample as much as possible, putting the soybean tissue sample into a centrifugal tube, and adding lysis solution and proteinase K;
s32, placing the sample in a thermostat at 55 ℃ for incubation until no tissue block exists in the tube;
s33, adding Tris saturated phenol, slightly mixing uniformly for 10min, and centrifuging at 4 ℃ at 12000r/min for 12 min;
s34, taking the supernatant, and adding the supernatant into the mixture according to the mass ratio of 25: 24: 1, mixing and shaking Tris saturated phenol, chloroform and isoamylol for 10min, and centrifuging at 4 ℃ and 12000r/min for 12 min;
s35, collecting supernatant, adding chloroform, mixing and shaking for 10min, centrifuging at 4 deg.C and 12000r/min for 12 min;
s36, taking the supernatant, adding absolute ethyl alcohol and 3M sodium acetate, mixing and shaking for 6min, and centrifuging for 8min at the temperature of 4 ℃ and at the speed of 1000 r/min;
s37, removing the supernatant, leaving DNA precipitate, adding 75% ethanol, mixing for 5min, centrifuging at 4 deg.C and 1000r/min for 5 min;
s38, placing the centrifugal tube into a fume hood, and drying until no small drops exist in the tube;
s39, adding ultrapure water into the sample, slightly blowing and beating the sample until DNA is dissolved, detecting the quality and the concentration by a spectrophotometer, uniformly diluting the concentration to 50 ng/mu L, and storing the solution at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for later use.
In a further embodiment, in step S4, the method for detecting the quality and concentration of the extracted genomic DNA is as follows:
s41, detecting the concentration and OD value of each genome DNA by using Nanodrop-2000, and selecting a genome DNA sample with the concentration of more than or equal to 50 ng/mu L and the OD260/OD280 of 1.8-2.0;
s42, detecting the integrity of DNA by using 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis to the sample, selecting the genome DNA with single DNA band and obvious main band as a qualified sample, and storing the qualified sample in a refrigerator at the temperature of 80 ℃ below zero for later use.
In a further embodiment, in step S4, the simplified representative methylation sequencing method for qualified genomic DNA is as follows: constructing a library of the DNA of the experimental pig after quality and concentration detection, then carrying out simplified representative methylation sequencing, comparing sequencing data to an international pig genome version 11.2 reference sequence by using Bismrak software, and then extracting CpG locus methylation level information.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention excavates DNA methylation sites influencing phenotypic characters by an epigenetic method, the obtained CpG methylation sites are obviously related to the meat color character yellow value of the big white pig, the identification is accurate, the reliability is high, the big white pig with good meat color stability can be screened by identifying the site CpG methylation, and then the commercial pork with good meat quality is obtained, thereby having important economic benefit and social value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electrophoretogram of genomic DNA according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a Manhattan plot of the effect on the meat color trait on the pig genome described in the examples of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
a positioning method of CpG-based pork color-like whole genome methylation sites comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting 140 experimental pigs;
s2, correcting the meat color character phenotype data of 140 experimental pigs;
s3, collecting a muscle tissue sample of an experimental pig, and extracting genome DNA, wherein FIG. 1 is an electrophoresis chart of the genome DNA;
s4, detecting the quality and concentration of the extracted genomic DNA, selecting qualified genomic DNA for simplified representative methylation sequencing, and extracting CpG locus methylation level information;
s5, performing correlation analysis on the corrected phenotype characters of the experimental pig and the methylation level of the whole genome CpG sites by adopting an R software CpGassoc package, wherein the analysis model is as follows: y is Xm + An + e, wherein y represents the corrected phenotypic trait vector; m represents the degree of methylation of the CpG sites; n represents the degree of methylation of the remaining CpG sites; e represents a residual effect vector; x and A respectively represent incidence matrixes of m and a;
s6, adopting a Bonferroni correction method to control multiple tests to correct the correlation analysis result, and determining the significance threshold value as P < 7.79e-8And drawing a correlation analysis Manhattan graph, wherein the Manhattan graph shows a key site which is obviously related to the meat color trait, and as shown in FIG. 2, the result shows that the 12 th chromosome has the key site which is obviously related to the meat color trait and is positioned on the 12 th chromosome of the reference sequence of the 11.2 version of the international pig genome (cpg2272837-chr12: 36261646).
In a further technical scheme, in step S2, meat color trait phenotype data of 140 experimental pigs are corrected, and a regression model is established as follows: y is the identity + year + month + gender + weight + Farm + e, wherein Y is the flesh color shape; parity is number of births; year is year; month is month; gender is gender; weight is slaughter weight; farm is a session; e is the residual error.
In a further embodiment, in step S3, the method for extracting genomic DNA is as follows:
s31, collecting muscle tissue samples of 140 pigs, placing the muscle tissue samples in a centrifuge tube filled with 75% ethanol, preserving the muscle tissue samples in a refrigerator at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for later use, taking soybean-sized tissue samples, shearing the soybean-sized tissue samples into a centrifuge tube with the volume of 2mL as much as possible, and adding 800 mu L of lysate and 30 mu L (20mg/mL) of protease;
s32, placing the sample in a thermostat at 55 ℃ for incubation until no tissue block exists in the tube;
s33, adding 800 mu L of Tris saturated phenol, slightly mixing uniformly for 10min, and centrifuging at 4 ℃ at 12000r/min for 12 min;
s34, adding 650 mu L of supernatant into Tris saturated phenol: chloroform: 800 μ L of isoamyl alcohol (25: 24: 1), mixing and shaking for 10min, centrifuging at 4 ℃ and 12000r/min for 12 min;
s35, collecting 550 μ L supernatant, adding 800 μ L chloroform, mixing and shaking for 10min, centrifuging at 4 deg.C and 12000r/min for 12 min;
the 1.5mL centrifuge tube was replaced as follows.
S36, taking 450 mu L of supernatant, adding 800 mu L of absolute ethyl alcohol and 40 mu L of 3M sodium acetate, mixing and shaking for 6min, and centrifuging for 8min at the temperature of 4 ℃ and at the speed of 1000 r/min;
s37, removing supernatant, leaving DNA precipitate, adding 1000 μ L75% ethanol, mixing for 5min, centrifuging at 4 deg.C and 1000r/min for 5 min;
s38, placing the centrifugal tube into a fume hood, and drying until no small drops exist in the tube;
s39, adding 100 mu L of ultrapure water into the sample, slightly blowing and beating the sample until DNA is dissolved, detecting the quality and the concentration by a Nanodrop-100 spectrophotometer, uniformly diluting the concentration to 50 ng/mu L, and storing the solution at the temperature of-20 ℃ for later use.
In a further embodiment, in step S4, the method for detecting the quality and concentration of the extracted genomic DNA is as follows:
s41, detecting the concentration and OD value of each genome DNA by using Nanodrop-2000, and selecting a genome DNA sample with the concentration of more than or equal to 50 ng/mu L and the OD260/OD280 of 1.8-2.0;
s42, detecting the integrity of DNA by using 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis to the sample, selecting the genome DNA with single DNA band and obvious main band as a qualified sample, and storing the qualified sample in a refrigerator at the temperature of 80 ℃ below zero for later use.
In a further embodiment, in step S4, the simplified representative methylation sequencing method for qualified genomic DNA is as follows: constructing a library of the DNA of the experimental pig after quality and concentration detection, then carrying out simplified representative methylation sequencing, comparing sequencing data to an international pig genome version 11.2 reference sequence by using Bismrak software, and then extracting CpG locus methylation level information.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A positioning method of CpG-based pork color-like whole genome methylation sites is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting experimental pigs;
s2, correcting the meat color character phenotype data of the experimental pig;
s3, collecting a muscle tissue sample of an experimental pig, and extracting genome DNA;
s4, detecting the quality and concentration of the extracted genomic DNA, selecting qualified genomic DNA for simplified representative methylation sequencing, and extracting CpG locus methylation level information;
s5, performing correlation analysis on the corrected phenotype characters of the experimental pig and the methylation level of the whole genome CpG sites by adopting an R software CpGassoc package, wherein the analysis model is as follows: y is Xm + An + e, wherein y represents the corrected phenotypic trait vector; m represents the degree of methylation of the CpG sites; n represents the degree of methylation of the remaining CpG sites; e represents a residual effect vector; x and A respectively represent incidence matrixes of m and a;
s6, adopting a Bonferroni correction method to control multiple tests to correct the correlation analysis result, and determining the significance threshold value as P < 7.79e-8And drawing a correlation analysis Manhattan graph, and displaying key sites which are obviously related to the flesh color trait by the Manhattan graph.
2. The method for locating methylation sites of whole genomes of pork color traits based on CpG according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the pork color trait phenotype data of experimental pigs are corrected, and the regression model is established as follows: y is the identity + year + month + gender + weight + Farm + e, wherein Y is the flesh color shape; parity is number of births; year is year; month is month; gender is gender; weight is slaughter weight; farm is a session; e is the residual error.
3. The method for locating methylation sites of the whole genome of the CpG-based pork color trait according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the method for extracting genomic DNA comprises the following steps:
s31, taking a soybean tissue sample, shearing the soybean tissue sample as much as possible, putting the soybean tissue sample into a centrifugal tube, and adding lysis solution and proteinase K;
s32, placing the sample in a thermostat at 55 ℃ for incubation until no tissue block exists in the tube;
s33, adding Tris saturated phenol, slightly mixing uniformly for 10min, and centrifuging at 4 ℃ at 12000r/min for 12 min;
s34, taking the supernatant, and adding the supernatant into the mixture according to the mass ratio of 25: 24: 1, mixing and shaking Tris saturated phenol, chloroform and isoamylol for 10min, and centrifuging at 4 ℃ and 12000r/min for 12 min;
s35, collecting supernatant, adding chloroform, mixing and shaking for 10min, centrifuging at 4 deg.C and 12000r/min for 12 min;
s36, taking the supernatant, adding absolute ethyl alcohol and 3M sodium acetate, mixing and shaking for 6min, and centrifuging for 8min at the temperature of 4 ℃ and at the speed of 1000 r/min;
s37, removing the supernatant, leaving DNA precipitate, adding 75% ethanol, mixing for 5min, centrifuging at 4 deg.C and 1000r/min for 5 min;
s38, placing the centrifugal tube into a fume hood, and drying until no small drops exist in the tube;
s39, adding ultrapure water into the sample, slightly blowing and beating the sample until DNA is dissolved, detecting the quality and the concentration by a spectrophotometer, uniformly diluting the concentration to 50 ng/mu L, and storing the solution at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for later use.
4. The method for locating methylation sites of whole genomes for the CpG-based pork color trait according to claim 1, wherein the method for detecting the quality and concentration of the extracted genomic DNA in step S4 is as follows:
s41, detecting the concentration and OD value of each genome DNA by using Nanodrop-2000, and selecting a genome DNA sample with the concentration of more than or equal to 50 ng/mu L and the OD260/OD280 of 1.8-2.0;
s42, detecting the integrity of DNA by using 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis to the sample, selecting the genome DNA with single DNA band and obvious main band as a qualified sample, and storing the qualified sample in a refrigerator at the temperature of 80 ℃ below zero for later use.
5. The method for locating methylation sites of the whole genome of the CpG-based pork color trait according to claim 4, wherein the simplified representative methylation sequencing of qualified genomic DNA in step S4 is as follows: constructing a library of the DNA of the experimental pig after quality and concentration detection, then carrying out simplified representative methylation sequencing, comparing sequencing data to an international pig genome version 11.2 reference sequence by using Bismrak software, and then extracting CpG locus methylation level information.
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Application publication date: 20201120 |