CN1119608C - 用于给空气分离装置供料的方法和设备 - Google Patents

用于给空气分离装置供料的方法和设备 Download PDF

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CN1119608C
CN1119608C CN97121397A CN97121397A CN1119608C CN 1119608 C CN1119608 C CN 1119608C CN 97121397 A CN97121397 A CN 97121397A CN 97121397 A CN97121397 A CN 97121397A CN 1119608 C CN1119608 C CN 1119608C
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air
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heat exchange
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exchange pipeline
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CN1184242A (zh
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迪迪尔·马格尼特
埃马纽埃尔·加尼耶
贝马尔德·索尔尼耶
让－路易斯·吉罗
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F25J3/04575—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for a gas expansion plant, e.g. dilution of the combustion gas in a gas turbine
    • F25J3/04581—Hot gas expansion of indirect heated nitrogen
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    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
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    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
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    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
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    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04612—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit
    • F25J3/04618—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit for cooling an air stream fed to the air fractionation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • F25J2205/66—Regenerating the adsorption vessel, e.g. kind of reactivation gas
    • F25J2205/70—Heating the adsorption vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/06—Adiabatic compressor, i.e. without interstage cooling
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F25J2270/906—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration by heat driven absorption chillers
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    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/12—Particular process parameters like pressure, temperature, ratios
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    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/902—Apparatus
    • Y10S62/908—Filter or absorber
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Abstract

将一种在绝热压缩机(1)中压缩的流体送入空气分离装置(A)，该绝热压缩机有选择地附设于所述装置。所产生的附加热可以几种方式被利用。

Description

用于给空气分离装置供料的方法和设备
本发明涉及一种用于给空气分离装置供料的方法和设备。
空气分离装置一般是由至少一个等温压缩机来供给空气的，该等温压缩机装有中间制冷机，在此制冷机中空气通过与制冷空气交换自己的热量而被冷却。
离开压缩机的空气在最后的制冷机中或在一个空气/水塔中被冷却，一般同时不伴随有一个水/氮塔和/或一个制冷单元。该一般称之为“预冷却”的***使空气在进入干燥器前达到相对较低的温度(大约15℃)，这样，因为含在空气中的水份相对温度是呈指数规律增加的，而减小了干燥器的大小。这种类型的***已在由Walter F.Castle于1996年在“在空气分离和液化工艺中使用CFCS的现行方法”一文中公开了。
JP-A-62-335691、JP-196772/94、FR-2686405和JP-A-07144114公开了利用压缩机制冷机的热量加热再生气体的技术。
然而，上述所使用的压缩机都为等温压缩机。
本发明的一个目的是要降低空气分离单元的设备成本。
根据本发明的这个目的，提供了一种向空气分离装置供料的方法，其中至少一个空气压缩机是绝热压缩机。
根据本发明的其他方面：
-将由绝热压缩机压缩的全部空气送入空气分离装置；
-由绝热压缩机输送的空气是通过由分离装置输出的至少一种气体冷却的；
-接着把由在绝热压缩机中压缩的空气加热的一种气体送入一个空气净化单元，该气体在此单元中起再生作用；
-送去起再生作用的气体是一种湿气体；
-在由绝热压缩机输送的空气进入净化单元前，该空气在热交换管线中由分离装置输出的气体冷却，在净化单元中由绝热压缩机输送的空气被净化，除去水份和/或CO2；
-将净化后的空气返回交换管线中；
-除去水份和CO2的净化过程是分别在两个不同的温度下进行的；
-预定供给该装置的空气的至少一部分在热交换管线中由分离装置输出的气体流冷却，该气体流特别为非纯氮，而且在返回热交换管线之前给所述气体加湿。
根据本发明的另一个目的，提供了一种向空气分离装置供料的设备，在这个设备中至少一个压缩机是绝热压缩机。
根据本发明的其他方面：
-绝热压缩机用于空气分离装置；
-空气分离装置是一个低湿蒸馏装置；
-有热交换管线和用于将由绝热压缩机输出的空气和由空气分离装置输出的至少一种气体送入该热交换管线的装置；
-有给热交换管线上游的一种气体加湿的装置。
根据本发明的再一个目的，提供了一种向利用低湿蒸馏原理的空气分离装置供料的方法，其中，至少部分预定送入装置A中的空气在热交换管线中由分离装置输出的气体流冷却，该气体流特别为非纯氮，其特征在于将所述气体流在返回热交换管线前加湿。
根据本发明的另一个目的，提供了一种向利用低湿蒸馏原理的空气分离装置供料的设备，它包括向热交换管线输送空气流和气体流的装置，其特征在于它还包括给热交换线上游的气体加湿的装置。
由于绝热压缩机没有制冷器，通过省去气体分离单元的空气供入路径上的水制冷机，以及相关的全部冷却水回路，其中包括水制冷塔、水处理单元、水泵、分配网、旋塞及阀门、供电单元和所附的测量仪表，以及最后的向气体分离单元供料的水预冷***而降低了设备的成本。
本发明还有通过大量减少水的消耗而显著降低操作成本的优点，由于消除了可能的水路腐蚀和定期更换特定部件，从而省掉了水网的维护成本。并消除了水泵和水制冷塔风扇的电能消耗。
在去除水和CO2的空气净化***中，例如使用一个或多个吸附床的干燥和除二氧化碳***，或者是使用不允许在热交换管线中净化的其他任何***，空气将与输出的产品一起从热交换管线中抽出，然后净化去除水和CO2并返回热交换管线。选择抽出空气处的温度，以便使去除水和CO2的净化***的规模最佳化。而且，去除水和CO2的净化操作可在两个不同的温度下进行，这两个温度以使整个热交换管线净化***在经济上最佳的方式来选择。
现在将参照附图描述本发明的实施例，其中：
-图1是本发明用于向空气分离装置供料的设备的示意图。
用以供入空气分离装置A的全部空气由一个绝热压缩机1压缩。压缩后的空气温度为200℃，并且该空气需要使用一个水制冷器(有或没有直接接触)，或者通过与离开空气分离装置A的全部产品或部分产品进行热交换，或者使其通过一吸收式制冷单元，或者使用上述***中的多个单元来进行冷却。例如，由装置A输出的非纯氮3冷却通过热交换器5的空气。
然后该空气在净化单元7中被净化，而净化单元由部分在热交换器5中加热了的非纯氮进行再生。
非纯氮可以由热交换器5上游的水充分浸透，使其温度下降，并由此增加其冷却进入空气的能力(看虚线箭头H2O)。
由绝热压缩机1输送的空气在热交换管线中也可通过与非纯氮以外的其他气体流进行热交换而被冷却。

Claims (7)

1.向空气分离装置供料的方法，其中，至少一个空气压缩机为绝热压缩机(1)，由绝热压缩机(1)压缩的空气被送入空气分离装置(A)，来自绝热压缩机(1)的空气在送入一个净化单元(7)之前在一个热交换管线(5)中由来自分离装置(A)的由空气中得来的气体冷却，在净化单元(7)中该空气通过去除水和/或CO2而被净化。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，由在绝热压缩机(1)中压缩的空气加热的由空气中得来的一种气体被送入空气净化单元(7)，该单元用于气体的再生。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，去除水和去除CO2的净化过程是在两个不同的温度下进行的。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，来自分离装置的空气中的一种气体，特别是不纯的氮，在回到热交换管线之前被湿润。
5.向一个空气分离装置供料的设备，它包括一个热交换管线(5)，一个净化单元(7)，用于将在一个压缩机(1)中压缩的空气送入热交换管线和净化单元、然后送入空气分离装置(A)的装置，以及将从空气中得到的气体从分离装置送到热交换管线的装置，其特征在于，至少一个空气压缩机是绝热压缩机(1)，且空气从热交换管线被送入净化单元。
6.如权利要求5所述的设备，其中，所述绝热压缩机(1)用于空气分离装置(A)。
7.如权利要求5或6所述的设备，其中，空气分离装置是低湿蒸馏装置。
CN97121397A 1996-09-25 1997-09-25 用于给空气分离装置供料的方法和设备 Expired - Fee Related CN1119608C (zh)

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US20070186581A1 (en) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-16 Ingersoll-Rand Company Compressor cooling system
FR2919717A1 (fr) * 2007-11-06 2009-02-06 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air avec compression de produit
EP2504647B1 (fr) * 2009-11-23 2019-02-20 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Procédé et appareil de compression et de refroidissement d'air
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DE69709280T2 (de) 2002-08-08
KR19980024943A (ko) 1998-07-06
US6067817A (en) 2000-05-30
ES2169334T3 (es) 2002-07-01
US5794457A (en) 1998-08-18
EP0833119A3 (fr) 1998-05-20
CN1184242A (zh) 1998-06-10
EP0833119B1 (fr) 2001-12-19
CA2216552A1 (en) 1998-03-25
EP0833119A2 (fr) 1998-04-01
KR100487220B1 (ko) 2005-07-28
FR2753636B1 (fr) 2001-11-09
ZA978555B (en) 1998-03-26
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JPH10185424A (ja) 1998-07-14

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