CN111960826B - Preparation and application method of ceramic cupping jar - Google Patents

Preparation and application method of ceramic cupping jar Download PDF

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CN111960826B
CN111960826B CN202010883684.XA CN202010883684A CN111960826B CN 111960826 B CN111960826 B CN 111960826B CN 202010883684 A CN202010883684 A CN 202010883684A CN 111960826 B CN111960826 B CN 111960826B
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ceramic
cupping jar
temperature
ceramic cupping
powder
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CN111960826A (en
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侯庆臣
张克文
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Jingdezhen Qinghehexin Ceramics Co ltd
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Jingdezhen Qinghehexin Ceramics Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a ceramic fire pot preparation and a using method thereof, wherein an inner porous ceramic pot body is formed by firing ultramicro composite powder and a pore-forming agent as auxiliary materials, the pot body has good thermal conductivity, and meanwhile, in order to prevent pot heat from overflowing during fire pot drawing and ensure that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the ceramic pot body is in a proper range, the ceramic pot body is made into a multilayer structure by adopting inner and outer vapor plating layers and adding an additional coating layer for treatment, so that the pressure maintaining performance is good; in addition, the combustion aging of common ignition materials such as alcohol is general, the melting point is improved by adding calcium chloride and graphite powder into the alcohol, and a plurality of traditional Chinese medicine materials are blended, so that the combustion duration is effectively prolonged, fuel does not need to be added for many times, long-time hot negative pressure can be kept in the cupping jar during cupping, the pain caused by the negative pressure in the cupping jar during the use of the traditional cupping jar is effectively solved, and in addition, the special traditional Chinese medicine fragrance emitted during the combustion of the ignition materials can make health care people feel pleasant and can be accepted by vast health care people.

Description

Preparation and application method of ceramic cupping jar
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical physiotherapy instruments, in particular to a preparation method and a use method of a ceramic cupping jar.
Background
The cupping jar is a common tool for cupping therapy, and uses the methods of combustion, suction and extrusion to remove air in the cupping jar and produce negative pressure, so that the cupping jar can be adsorbed on the specific position (affected part and acupoint) of body surface to produce extensive stimulation and form the phenomenon of local congestion or extravasated blood, so as to attain the goal of preventing and curing diseases and strengthening body.
Cupping therapy is one of the traditional Chinese medicine heritage, and has a written description of the corner method in the elbow reserve acute prescription which is used for a long time in China folks and seen by national flood of civilians in the promotion. The so-called horn method is an external treatment method for sucking and extracting abscesses by using hollowed animal horns. The "exterior secretary of the Tang Dynasty Wang 28952was also introduced to use a bamboo tube cupping jar for treating diseases, as stated in the text: "get three fingers big green bamboo tube, long inch half, one end stays festival. Without joint, the thin film looks like a sword, the cylinder is boiled for a plurality of times, and the ink dots are pressed at the position of the cylinder after the cylinder is heated. The knife is used to break the corner, and the heavy corner of the tube is boiled, when yellow, white and red water is produced, pus is produced again, and insects are produced, and the heavy corner is counted to make the offensive material completely, namely, the knife is used to make the eyes clear and the body light. "from the above-described angle law and the condition of the cupping jar made of green bamboo tube, the cupping jar has been popular in the times of jin and Tang in our country.
The warm moxibustion cup is similar to the traditional cupping glass, but the method, the cup and the efficacy are different, the warm moxibustion cup is developed and innovated on the basis of the traditional cupping glass and the moxibustion method, and the warm moxibustion cup and the traditional cupping glass are combined and innovated. The warming moxibustion pot has large pot, so that great heat negative pressure is formed in the pot and is adsorbed on specific acupuncture points, thereby achieving the following effects: 1. the detoxifying function, because of the strong heat negative pressure and the adsorption force in the tank body, the internal flatulence, poison gas and stasis gas can be discharged out of the body, and the detoxifying function can be simultaneously used for treating cancer blood, diseases, dirt, fat, sweat and other diseases in the body. 2. Dredging effect the traditional Chinese medicine: "pain is not through, pain is not through. The warm moxibustion cup fully highlights the dredging effect, can dredge the channels and collaterals, can regulate qi and activate blood, and ensures that all tissues and organs of the whole body are sufficient in nutrition and sufficient in qi and blood. 3. The mild moxibustion pot has the functions of balancing yin and yang, promoting the yin and yang to grow and disappear, and regulating corresponding acupuncture points according to the pathogenic factors of yin and yang imbalance, so that the microcirculation in the body is promoted to be smooth, and the yin and yang balance is achieved. 4. Has effects of invigorating qi, and warming moxibustion can has effects of strengthening body resistance and eliminating pathogenic factors while eliminating wind, cold, dampness, summer-heat, dryness, and fire due to the ignition of the bottom of the can. Thereby supplementing vital qi of human body and rapidly restoring the immune function in vivo.
Aiming at a series of functions of the warm moxibustion cup, the ceramic cupping jar manufactured by unique materials and processes is matched with an ignition material with a special formula, so that the curative effect of the warm moxibustion cup is effectively enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: providing a ceramic cupping jar;
second object of the invention: providing a preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar;
the third object of the present invention: providing a use method of the ceramic cupping jar;
the fourth object of the present invention: an igniter material for a ceramic cup is provided.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar comprises a ceramic cupping jar body and an ignition seat, and is specifically prepared as follows:
(1) preparing a semi-finished ceramic cupping jar: silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride and zirconia are used as ceramic firing raw materials, and ultramicro composite powder and a pore-forming agent are used as auxiliary materials for firing. The preparation process is carried out as follows:
Figure 381878DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
raw and auxiliary material pretreatment: sintering the ceramic raw material, the ultramicro composite powder and the pore-forming agent in a mass ratio of 95-100: 3-7: 2-5, adding a mixed solution of ethanol and acetone which is 0.5 time of the total mass of the raw and auxiliary materials, wherein the mass ratio of the ethanol to the acetone is 1:0.5-2, performing ball milling on the mixture in the ball milling tank for 22-35min at the speed of 200 plus materials and 500rpm/min, filtering, taking filter residues, repeating the ball milling process for 3-5 times, filtering and drying. Sieving the powder by using a 400-mesh sieve, and reserving for later use.
Figure 236702DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The processing technology comprises the following steps: adding the powder into a ceramic cupping jar grinding tool, and compacting under the pressure of 25 MPa; heating to 1600 + -5 deg.C at a temperature rising rate of 8-10 deg.C/min under pressure maintaining state, sintering, maintaining the temperature for 12-15h, introducing filtered compressed air as cooling medium, and quenching; after the pressure is released,vacuumizing to-0.1 Mpa, and introducing 3-5% by volume: the pressure of the reaction chamber is 1.5-2.5Mpa by 95-97% of oxygen and carbon dioxide gas mixture, the heating rate is controlled to be 4-6 ℃/min, the temperature is slowly increased from normal temperature to the sintering temperature of 1600 +/-5 ℃ at constant speed and is kept constant for 4h, liquid carbon dioxide is introduced, and the temperature is reduced to normal temperature at constant speed by 2-4 ℃/min, thus obtaining the semi-finished product of the ceramic fire pot.
The ceramic firing raw materials are 8-10: 4-7: 5-8: 3-5 of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride and zirconia mixture.
Preparing the ultramicro composite powder: selecting a mixture of organic polymers of polysilazane and polyborosilazane in a volume ratio of 1:1-2 as an organic precursor, dissolving the organic precursor in a solution of ethanol and toluene in a volume ratio of 1:1, simultaneously adding divinylbenzene, fully stirring and mixing for 25-35min, and mixing the organic precursor, the mixed solution of ethanol and toluene and the divinylbenzene in a volume ratio of 8: 1-3: 2-3, heating to 220 +/-2 ℃ at the speed of 2-5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for reaction for 15-20h, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 3000 plus 3500rpm/min, filtering the centrifugal precipitate, drying, and micronizing to within 25 um. Pyrolyzing for 1-3h under the vacuum condition of 900 plus temperature of 1300 ℃ to obtain the ultramicro composite powder.
The pore-forming agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 3-5: 2-4 of a mixture of silicon carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride.
(2) Preparing a ceramic cupping glass body:
Figure 16439DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
placing the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar prepared in the step (1) in an evaporation machine to evaporate metal silver at a rotating speed of 1-3r/min for 30-60min, so that a uniform and compact evaporation layer is evaporated on the outer surface and the inner surface of the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar respectively;
Figure 411648DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
adding carbon powder and alumina powder in a mass ratio of 1:1-3 into deionized water, stirring, mixing and ball-milling for 6-10h to obtain suspension with approximate particle size and uniform dispersion. Will be provided with
Figure 412971DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Slowly immersing the semi-finished product of the ceramic fire pot after the medium evaporation into the suspension liquid, ensuring that the inner surface and the outer surface are completely immersed into the suspension liquid, keeping the immersion time for 10-15s, taking out, drying and sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1500-1600 ℃, and obtaining the ceramic fire pot body.
The diameter of the ceramic cupping jar body is 6-20 cm, and the height of the ceramic cupping jar body is 10-15 cm.
(3) Preparation of ignition material: taking the mass ratio of 1-3: 2-3: 1-3: 2-4: 2-5: 2-4 of dahurian angelica root, fennel, baikal skullcap root, sandalwood, graphite powder and calcium chloride powder, evenly mixing, micronizing to 20-50um, adding 6-10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, fully stirring and dissolving, obtaining the solution which is the required ignition material, and subpackaging for later use.
Finally, the ceramic cupping jar and the ignition material according to the invention are used for the health-care medical cupping jar in the following steps:
Figure 235433DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
preparation work: cleaning the cupping jar; guests drink toxin expelling tea; the feet, legs, face and other parts are coated with toxin expelling and beautifying films.
Figure 502467DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Drawing a cupping jar: placing ignition seats on Shenque acupoint, Tanzhong acupoint, Mingmen acupoint, Shendao acupoint and Yuzhan acupoint respectively, soaking cotton ball in ignition material for 3-5s, taking out, placing on five ignition seats respectively, and igniting for combustion; taking five ceramic cupping jar bodies, accurately and gently putting down the ceramic cupping jar bodies on the ignition seat, and immediately adsorbing the ceramic cupping jar bodies on the skin; and soaking the cotton balls in the ignition material for 6-8s, taking out, respectively placing the cotton balls on the outer sides of the bottoms of the five ceramic cupping jar bodies, igniting and burning the cotton balls, taking the ceramic cupping jar bodies away after the cotton balls on the outer sides of the bottoms of the ceramic cupping jar bodies are burnt, and performing sludge removal and toxin expelling treatment.
The advantages of the invention are as follows:
1. the ceramic tank is prepared into a multilayer structure by adopting inner and outer evaporation layers and adding an additional coating layer for treatment in order to prevent the heat of the tank from overflowing during the cupping and ensure the heat conductivity coefficient of the ceramic tank to be in a proper range.
2. The combustion aging of common ignition materials such as alcohol is general, the melting point is improved by adding calcium chloride and graphite powder into the alcohol, and a plurality of traditional Chinese medicine materials are matched, so that the combustion time is effectively prolonged, fuel does not need to be added for many times, and meanwhile, the traditional Chinese medicine fragrance is given off, and a health care person feels pleasurable in mind and body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a ceramic cupping glass body;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the ignition seat;
fig. 3 is a bottom view of the ignition seat.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
Example 1
A preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar comprises a ceramic cupping jar body and an ignition seat, and is specifically prepared as follows:
(1) preparing a semi-finished ceramic cupping jar: silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride and zirconia are used as ceramic firing raw materials, and ultramicro composite powder and a pore-forming agent are used as auxiliary materials for firing. The preparation process is carried out as follows:
Figure 701367DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
raw and auxiliary material pretreatment: sintering the ceramic raw material, the ultramicro composite powder and the pore-forming agent according to the mass ratio of 98: 5: 3, putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, adding a mixed solution of ethanol and acetone which is 0.5 time of the total mass of the raw and auxiliary materials, wherein the mass ratio of the ethanol to the acetone is 1:1, carrying out ball milling on the mixture in the ball milling tank at the speed of 350rpm/min for 28min, filtering, taking filter residues, repeating the ball milling process for 4 times, filtering and drying, and screening the powder by using a 400-mesh screen for later use.
Figure 307929DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The processing technology comprises the following steps: adding the powder into a ceramic cupping jar grinding tool, and compacting under the pressure of 25 MPa; pressure maintaining stateHeating to 1600 +/-5 ℃ at the heating rate of 9 ℃/min, sintering, keeping the temperature for 13 hours, and introducing filtered compressed air as a cooling medium for quenching treatment; after pressure relief, vacuumizing to-0.1 Mpa, and then introducing 4% by volume: the pressure of the reaction chamber is controlled to be 2.0Mpa by 96 percent of oxygen and carbon dioxide gas mixture, the heating rate is controlled to be 5 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is slowly increased from the normal temperature to 1600 +/-5 ℃ at a constant speed and is kept at the constant temperature for 4h, and liquid carbon dioxide is introduced to be reduced to the normal temperature at a constant speed at the cooling rate of 3 ℃/min, so that the semi-finished product of the ceramic fire pot is prepared.
The ceramic firing raw materials are 9: 5: 6: 4 silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride, zirconia mixture.
Preparing the ultramicro composite powder: selecting a mixture of organic polymers of polynitrosilane and polyborosilazane in a volume ratio of 1:1.5 as an organic precursor, dissolving the organic precursor in a solution of ethanol and toluene in a volume ratio of 1:1, simultaneously adding divinylbenzene, fully stirring and mixing for 30min, and mixing the organic precursor, the mixed solution of ethanol and toluene and the divinylbenzene in a volume ratio of 8: 2: 3, heating to 220 +/-2 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for reacting for 18 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 3300rpm/min, taking the centrifugal precipitate, filtering, drying and carrying out superfine grinding to within 25 um. Pyrolyzing the mixture for 2 hours at 1100 ℃ under vacuum condition to obtain the ultramicro composite powder.
The pore-forming agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 4: 3 silicon carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride.
(2) Preparing a ceramic cupping glass body:
Figure 301293DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
placing the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar prepared in the step (1) in an evaporation machine to evaporate metal silver at a rotating speed of 2rpm/min for 45min, so that a uniform and compact evaporation layer is respectively evaporated on the outer surface and the inner surface of the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar;
Figure 55622DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
adding carbon powder and alumina powder in a mass ratio of 1:2 into deionized water, stirring and mixing, ball-milling for 8 hours,the suspension with the similar particle size and uniform dispersion is obtained. Will be provided with
Figure 792634DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Slowly immersing the semi-finished product of the ceramic fire pot after the medium evaporation into the suspension liquid, ensuring that the inner surface and the outer surface are completely immersed into the suspension liquid, keeping the immersion time for 12s, taking out, drying and sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1600 +/-5 ℃, and obtaining the ceramic fire pot body.
The diameter of the ceramic cupping jar body is 6-20 cm, and the height of the ceramic cupping jar body is 10-15 cm.
(3) Preparation of ignition material: taking the mass ratio of 2: 2: 2: 3: 4: 3, uniformly mixing the angelica dahurica, the fennel, the scutellaria baicalensis, the sandalwood, the graphite powder and the calcium chloride powder, micronizing to 35um, adding 8 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a solution which is the required ignition material, and subpackaging for later use.
Finally, the ceramic cupping jar and the ignition material according to the invention are used for the health-care medical cupping jar in the following steps:
Figure 508829DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
preparation work: cleaning the cupping jar; guests drink toxin expelling tea; the feet, legs, face and other parts are coated with toxin expelling and beautifying films.
Figure 938673DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Drawing a cupping jar: placing ignition seats on Shenque acupoint, Tanzhong acupoint, Mingmen acupoint, Shendao acupoint and Yuzhan acupoint respectively, soaking cotton ball in the ignition material for 4s, taking out, placing on five ignition seats respectively, and igniting for combustion; taking five ceramic cupping jar bodies, accurately and gently putting down the ceramic cupping jar bodies on the ignition seat, and immediately adsorbing the ceramic cupping jar bodies on the skin; and soaking the cotton balls in the ignition material for 7s, taking out, respectively placing the cotton balls on the outer sides of the bottoms of the five ceramic cupping jar bodies, igniting and burning the cotton balls, taking the ceramic cupping jar bodies away after the cotton balls on the outer sides of the bottoms of the ceramic cupping jar bodies are burnt, and performing sludge removal and toxin expelling treatment.
Example 2
A preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar comprises a ceramic cupping jar body and an ignition seat, and is specifically prepared as follows:
(1) preparing a semi-finished ceramic cupping jar: silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride and zirconia are used as ceramic firing raw materials, and ultramicro composite powder and a pore-forming agent are used as auxiliary materials for firing. The preparation process is carried out as follows:
Figure 180299DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
raw and auxiliary material pretreatment: firing ceramic raw materials, ultramicro composite powder and a pore-forming agent according to a mass ratio of 95: 3: 2, adding a mixed solution of ethanol and acetone which is 0.5 time of the total mass of the raw and auxiliary materials, wherein the mass ratio of the ethanol to the acetone is 1:0.5, performing ball milling on the mixture in the ball milling tank at the speed of 200rpm/min for 22min, filtering, taking filter residues, repeating the ball milling process for 3 times, filtering and drying, and screening powder by using a 400-mesh screen for later use.
Figure 393106DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The processing technology comprises the following steps: adding the powder into a ceramic cupping jar grinding tool, and compacting under the pressure of 25 MPa; heating to 1600 +/-5 ℃ at a heating rate of 8 ℃/min under the pressure maintaining state, sintering, keeping the temperature for 12 hours, and introducing filtered compressed air as a cooling medium for quenching treatment; after pressure relief, vacuumizing to-0.1 Mpa, and then introducing 3% by volume: the pressure of the reaction chamber is 1.5Mpa by the mixture of 95 percent oxygen and carbon dioxide, the heating rate is controlled to be 4 ℃/min, the temperature is slowly increased from the normal temperature to the sintering temperature of 1600 plus or minus 5 ℃ at a constant speed and is kept constant for 4h, and liquid carbon dioxide is introduced to be reduced to the normal temperature at a constant speed at the cooling rate of 2 ℃/min, thus obtaining the semi-finished product of the ceramic fire pot.
The ceramic firing raw materials are 8: 4: 5: 3 silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride, zirconia mixture.
Preparing the ultramicro composite powder: selecting a mixture of organic polymers of polynitrosilane and polyborosilazane in a volume ratio of 1:1 as an organic precursor, dissolving the organic precursor in a solution of ethanol and toluene in a volume ratio of 1:1, simultaneously adding divinylbenzene, fully stirring and mixing for 25min, mixing the organic precursor, the mixed solution of ethanol and toluene, and the divinylbenzene in a volume ratio of 8: 1:2, heating to 220 +/-2 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, keeping the reaction at a constant temperature for 15-20h, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 3000rpm/min, filtering the centrifugal precipitate, drying, and carrying out superfine grinding to within 25 um. Pyrolyzing for 1h under the vacuum condition of 900 plus temperature of 1300 ℃ to obtain the ultramicro composite powder.
The pore-forming agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 5: 4 silicon carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride.
(2) Preparing a ceramic cupping glass body:
Figure 36576DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
placing the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar prepared in the step (1) in an evaporation machine to evaporate metal silver at the rotating speed of 1r/min for 30min, so that a uniform and compact evaporation layer is respectively evaporated on the outer surface and the inner surface of the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar;
Figure 371743DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
adding carbon powder and alumina powder in a mass ratio of 1:1 into deionized water, stirring, mixing and ball-milling for 6 hours to obtain suspension with approximate particle size and uniform dispersion. Will be provided with
Figure 100664DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Slowly immersing the semi-finished product of the ceramic fire pot after the medium evaporation into the suspension liquid, ensuring that the inner surface and the outer surface are completely immersed into the suspension liquid, keeping the immersion time for 10s, taking out, drying and sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1600 +/-5 ℃, and obtaining the ceramic fire pot body.
The diameter of the ceramic cupping jar body is 6-20 cm, and the height of the ceramic cupping jar body is 10-15 cm.
(3) Preparation of ignition material: taking the mass ratio of 1: 2: 1: 2: 2: 2, uniformly mixing the angelica dahurica, the fennel, the scutellaria baicalensis, the sandalwood, the graphite powder and the calcium chloride powder, micronizing to 20um, adding 6 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a solution which is the required ignition material, and subpackaging for later use.
Finally, the ceramic cupping jar and the ignition material according to the invention are used for the health-care medical cupping jar in the following steps:
Figure 366430DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
preparation work: cleaning the cupping jar; guests drink toxin expelling tea; the feet, legs, face and other parts are coated with toxin expelling and beautifying films.
Figure 864407DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Drawing a cupping jar: placing ignition seats on Shenque acupoint, Tanzhong acupoint, Mingmen acupoint, Shendao acupoint and Yuzhan acupoint respectively, soaking cotton ball in ignition material for 3s, taking out, placing on five ignition seats respectively, and igniting for combustion; taking five ceramic cupping jar bodies, accurately and gently putting down the ceramic cupping jar bodies on the ignition seat, and immediately adsorbing the ceramic cupping jar bodies on the skin; and soaking the cotton balls in the ignition material for 6s, taking out, respectively placing the cotton balls on the outer sides of the bottoms of the five ceramic cupping jar bodies, igniting and burning the cotton balls, taking the ceramic cupping jar bodies away after the cotton balls on the outer sides of the bottoms of the ceramic cupping jar bodies are burnt, and performing sludge removal and toxin expelling treatment.
Example 3
A preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar comprises a ceramic cupping jar body and an ignition seat, and is specifically prepared as follows:
(1) preparing a semi-finished ceramic cupping jar: silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride and zirconia are used as ceramic firing raw materials, and ultramicro composite powder and a pore-forming agent are used as auxiliary materials for firing. The preparation process is carried out as follows:
Figure 636054DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
raw and auxiliary material pretreatment: firing ceramic raw materials, ultramicro composite powder and a pore-forming agent according to the mass ratio of 100: 7: 5, putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, adding a mixed solution of ethanol and acetone which is 0.5 time of the total mass of the raw and auxiliary materials, wherein the mass ratio of the ethanol to the acetone is 1:2, carrying out ball milling on the mixture in the ball milling tank for 35min at the speed of 500rpm/min, filtering, taking filter residues, repeating the ball milling process for 5 times, filtering and drying. Sieving the powder by using a 400-mesh sieve,and reserving for later use.
Figure 586692DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The processing technology comprises the following steps: adding the powder into a ceramic cupping jar grinding tool, and compacting under the pressure of 25 MPa; heating to 1600 +/-5 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min under the pressure maintaining state, sintering, keeping the temperature for 15 hours, and introducing filtered compressed air as a cooling medium for quenching treatment; after pressure relief, vacuumizing to-0.1 Mpa, and then introducing 5% by volume: 97% oxygen and carbon dioxide gas mixture makes the pressure of the reaction chamber 2.5Mpa, and controls the heating rate to 6 ℃/min, slowly and uniformly heating from normal temperature to the sintering temperature of 1600 plus or minus 5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 4h, introducing liquid carbon dioxide, and uniformly cooling to normal temperature at the cooling rate of 4 ℃/min, thus obtaining the semi-finished product of the ceramic fire pot.
The ceramic firing raw materials are 10: 7: 8: 5 silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride, zirconia mixture.
Preparing the ultramicro composite powder: selecting a mixture of organic polymers of polynitrosilane and polyborosilazane in a volume ratio of 1:2 as an organic precursor, dissolving the organic precursor in a solution of ethanol and toluene in a volume ratio of 1:1, simultaneously adding divinylbenzene, fully stirring and mixing for 35min, mixing the organic precursor, the mixed solution of ethanol and toluene, and the divinylbenzene in a volume ratio of 8: 3: 3, heating to 220 +/-2 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping the reaction at constant temperature for 20 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 3500rpm/min, taking the centrifugal precipitate, filtering, drying and carrying out superfine grinding to within 25 um. Pyrolyzing the mixture for 3 hours at 1300 ℃ under vacuum condition to obtain the ultramicro composite powder.
The pore-forming agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 3: 2 silicon carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride.
(2) Preparing a ceramic cupping glass body:
Figure 406881DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
placing the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar prepared in the step (1) in an evaporation machine to evaporate metal silver at a rotating speed of 1r/min for 30min so as to ensure that a layer of uniform silver is evaporated on the outer surface and the inner surface of the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar respectivelyA dense vapor deposition layer;
Figure 759365DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
adding carbon powder and alumina powder in a mass ratio of 1:1 into deionized water, stirring, mixing and ball-milling for 6 hours to obtain suspension with approximate particle size and uniform dispersion. Will be provided with
Figure 701913DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Slowly immersing the semi-finished product of the ceramic fire pot after the medium evaporation into the suspension liquid, ensuring that the inner surface and the outer surface are completely immersed into the suspension liquid, keeping the immersion time for 10s, taking out, drying and sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1600 +/-5 ℃, and obtaining the ceramic fire pot body.
The diameter of the ceramic cupping jar body is 6-20 cm, and the height of the ceramic cupping jar body is 10-15 cm.
(3) Preparation of ignition material: taking the mass ratio of 1: 2: 1: 2: 2: 2, uniformly mixing the angelica dahurica, the fennel, the scutellaria baicalensis, the sandalwood, the graphite powder and the calcium chloride powder, micronizing to 20um, adding 6 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a solution which is the required ignition material, and subpackaging for later use.
Finally, the ceramic cupping jar and the ignition material according to the invention are used for the health-care medical cupping jar in the following steps:
Figure 139848DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
preparation work: cleaning the cupping jar; guests drink toxin expelling tea; the feet, legs, face and other parts are coated with toxin expelling and beautifying films.
Figure 747415DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Drawing a cupping jar: placing ignition seats on Shenque acupoint, Tanzhong acupoint, Mingmen acupoint, Shendao acupoint and Yuzhan acupoint respectively, soaking cotton ball in ignition material for 3s, taking out, placing on five ignition seats respectively, and igniting for combustion; taking five ceramic cupping jar bodies, accurately and gently putting down the ceramic cupping jar bodies on the ignition seat, and immediately adsorbing the ceramic cupping jar bodies on the skin; soaking another cotton ball in the ignition material for 6s, taking out, and respectively placing five cotton ballsThe outside of pottery cupping jar body bottom to the burning of igniteing, treat that pottery cupping jar body bottom outside cotton ball is burnt and can take away the pottery cupping jar body, and do row silt detoxification and handle.
Example 4
A preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar comprises a ceramic cupping jar body and an ignition seat, and is specifically prepared as follows:
(1) preparing a semi-finished ceramic cupping jar: silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride and zirconia are used as ceramic firing raw materials, and ultramicro composite powder and a pore-forming agent are used as auxiliary materials for firing. The preparation process is carried out as follows:
Figure 219985DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
raw and auxiliary material pretreatment: sintering the ceramic raw material, the ultramicro composite powder and the pore-forming agent according to the mass ratio of 93: 2: putting the mixture into a ball milling tank according to the proportion of 1, adding a mixed solution of ethanol and acetone which is 0.5 time of the total mass of the raw and auxiliary materials, wherein the mass ratio of the ethanol to the acetone is 1:0.3, carrying out ball milling on the mixture in the ball milling tank for 20min at the speed of 180rpm/min, filtering, taking filter residues, repeating the ball milling process for 2 times, filtering and drying. Sieving the powder by using a 400-mesh sieve, and reserving for later use.
Figure 333434DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The processing technology comprises the following steps: adding the powder into a ceramic cupping jar grinding tool, and compacting under the pressure of 25 MPa; heating to 1600 +/-5 ℃ at a heating rate of 7 ℃/min under the pressure maintaining state, sintering, keeping the temperature for 10 hours, and introducing filtered compressed air as a cooling medium for quenching treatment; after pressure relief, vacuumizing to-0.1 Mpa, and then introducing 2% by volume: the pressure of the reaction chamber is 1.3Mpa by the mixture of 98 percent of oxygen and carbon dioxide, the heating rate is controlled to be 3 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is slowly increased from the normal temperature to 1600 +/-5 ℃ at a constant speed and is kept at the constant temperature for 4h, and the liquid carbon dioxide is introduced to be reduced to the normal temperature at a constant speed at the cooling rate of 1 ℃/min, so that the semi-finished product of the ceramic fire pot is prepared.
The ceramic firing raw materials are 7: 3: 4: 2 silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride, zirconia mixture.
Preparing the ultramicro composite powder: selecting a mixture of organic polymers of polynitrosilane and polyborosilazane in a volume ratio of 1:3 as an organic precursor, dissolving the organic precursor in a solution of ethanol and toluene in a volume ratio of 1:1, simultaneously adding divinylbenzene, fully stirring and mixing for 40min, and mixing the organic precursor, the mixed solution of ethanol and toluene and the divinylbenzene in a volume ratio of 8: 4: 3, transferring the mixture into a high-temperature reaction kettle, heating the mixture to 220 +/-2 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, keeping the reaction at a constant temperature for 25 hours, naturally cooling the mixture to room temperature, centrifuging the mixture at the rotating speed of 3600rpm/min, filtering the centrifugal precipitate, drying the filtered precipitate, and carrying out superfine grinding to within 25 um. Pyrolyzing the mixture for 4 hours at 1400 ℃ under vacuum condition to obtain the ultramicro composite powder.
The pore-forming agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 6: 5 silicon carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride.
(2) Preparing a ceramic cupping glass body:
Figure 258665DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
placing the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar prepared in the step (1) in an evaporation machine to evaporate metal silver at a rotating speed of 4r/min for 70min, so that a uniform and compact evaporation layer is respectively evaporated on the outer surface and the inner surface of the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar;
Figure 686235DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
adding carbon powder and alumina powder in a mass ratio of 1:5 into deionized water, stirring, mixing and ball-milling for 12 hours to obtain suspension with approximate particle size and uniform dispersion. Will be provided with
Figure 747732DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Slowly immersing the semi-finished product of the ceramic fire pot after the medium evaporation into the suspension liquid, ensuring that the inner surface and the outer surface are completely immersed into the suspension liquid, keeping the immersion time for 16s, taking out, drying and sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1600 +/-5 ℃, and obtaining the ceramic fire pot body.
The diameter of the ceramic cupping jar body is 6-20 cm, and the height of the ceramic cupping jar body is 10-15 cm.
(3) Preparation of ignition material: taking the mass ratio of 4: 4: 4: 5: 6: 5, uniformly mixing the angelica dahurica, the fennel, the scutellaria baicalensis, the sandalwood, the graphite powder and the calcium chloride powder, micronizing to 60um, adding 12 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a solution which is the required ignition material, and subpackaging for later use.
Finally, the ceramic cupping jar and the ignition material according to the invention are used for the health-care medical cupping jar in the following steps:
Figure 32083DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
preparation work: cleaning the cupping jar; guests drink toxin expelling tea; the feet, legs, face and other parts are coated with toxin expelling and beautifying films.
Figure 444610DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Drawing a cupping jar: placing ignition seats on Shenque acupoint, Tanzhong acupoint, Mingmen acupoint, Shendao acupoint and Yuzhan acupoint respectively, soaking cotton ball in ignition material for 6s, taking out, placing on five ignition seats respectively, and igniting for combustion; taking five ceramic cupping jar bodies, accurately and gently putting down the ceramic cupping jar bodies on the ignition seat, and immediately adsorbing the ceramic cupping jar bodies on the skin; and another cotton ball is taken out and soaked in the ignition material for 10 times, the cotton balls are taken out and respectively placed at the outer sides of the bottoms of the five ceramic cupping jar bodies, ignition and combustion are carried out, the ceramic cupping jar bodies can be taken away after the cotton balls at the outer sides of the bottoms of the ceramic cupping jar bodies are burnt, and silt removing and toxin expelling treatment is carried out.
Example 5
A preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar comprises a ceramic cupping jar body and an ignition seat, and is specifically prepared as follows:
(1) preparing a semi-finished ceramic cupping jar: silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride and zirconia are used as ceramic firing raw materials, and ultramicro composite powder and a pore-forming agent are used as auxiliary materials for firing. The preparation process is carried out as follows:
Figure 393980DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
raw and auxiliary material pretreatment: sintering the ceramic raw material, the ultramicro composite powder and the pore-forming agent in a mass ratio of 102: 2: 1, adding ethanol and acetone which are 0.5 time of the total mass of the raw and auxiliary materials into a ball milling tank, and mixingAnd (3) performing ball milling on the mixture in the ball milling tank at the speed of 520rpm/min for 38min, filtering, taking filter residues, repeating the ball milling process for 6 times, filtering and drying. Sieving the powder by using a 400-mesh sieve, and reserving for later use.
Figure 575563DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The processing technology comprises the following steps: adding the powder into a ceramic cupping jar grinding tool, and compacting under the pressure of 25 MPa; heating to 1600 +/-5 ℃ at the heating rate of 11 ℃/min under the pressure maintaining state, sintering, keeping the temperature for 16 hours, and introducing filtered compressed air as a cooling medium for quenching treatment; after pressure relief, vacuumizing to-0.1 Mpa, and then introducing 6% by volume: the pressure of the reaction chamber is 2.6Mpa by 94 percent of oxygen and carbon dioxide gas mixture, the heating rate is controlled to be 7 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is slowly increased from the normal temperature to 1600 +/-5 ℃ at a constant speed and is kept at the constant temperature for 4h, and liquid carbon dioxide is introduced to be reduced to the normal temperature at a constant speed at the cooling rate of 5 ℃/min, so that the semi-finished product of the ceramic fire pot is prepared.
The ceramic firing raw materials are as follows by mass ratio of 11: 8: 9: 6 silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride, zirconia mixture.
Preparing the ultramicro composite powder: selecting a mixture of organic polymers of polynitrosilane and polyborosilazane in a volume ratio of 1:3 as an organic precursor, dissolving the organic precursor in a solution of ethanol and toluene in a volume ratio of 1:1, simultaneously adding divinylbenzene, fully stirring and mixing for 40min, mixing the organic precursor, the mixed solution of ethanol and toluene, and the divinylbenzene in a volume ratio of 8: 4: 5, heating to 220 +/-2 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, keeping the reaction at a constant temperature for 22 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 3200rpm/min, taking the centrifugal precipitate, filtering, drying and carrying out superfine grinding to within 25 um. Pyrolyzing the mixture for 0.5h at 850 ℃ under vacuum to obtain the ultramicro composite powder.
The pore-forming agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 2: 1 silicon carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride.
(2) Preparing a ceramic cupping glass body:
Figure 765236DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
placing the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar prepared in the step (1) in an evaporation machine to evaporate metal silver at a rotating speed of 0.5r/min for 25min, so that a uniform and compact evaporation layer is evaporated on the outer surface and the inner surface of the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar respectively;
Figure 665059DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
adding carbon powder and alumina powder in a mass ratio of 1:4 into deionized water, stirring, mixing and ball-milling for 5 hours to obtain suspension with approximate particle size and uniform dispersion. Will be provided with
Figure 168852DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Slowly immersing the semi-finished product of the ceramic fire pot after the medium evaporation into the suspension liquid, ensuring that the inner surface and the outer surface are completely immersed into the suspension liquid, keeping the immersion time for 9s, taking out, drying and sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1600 +/-5 ℃, and obtaining the ceramic fire pot body.
The diameter of the ceramic cupping jar body is 6-20 cm, and the height of the ceramic cupping jar body is 10-15 cm.
(3) Preparation of ignition material: taking the mass ratio of 1: 1: 4: 5: 1:5, uniformly mixing the angelica dahurica, the fennel, the scutellaria baicalensis, the sandalwood, the graphite powder and the calcium chloride powder, micronizing to be less than 20um, adding 5 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, fully stirring and dissolving, and subpackaging for later use, wherein the dissolved solution is the required ignition material.
Finally, the ceramic cupping jar and the ignition material according to the invention are used for the health-care medical cupping jar in the following steps:
Figure 470521DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
preparation work: cleaning the cupping jar; guests drink toxin expelling tea; the feet, legs, face and other parts are coated with toxin expelling and beautifying films.
Figure 831095DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Drawing a cupping jar: placing ignition seat on Shenque acupoint, Tanzhong acupoint, Mingmen acupoint, Shendao acupoint and Yuzhan acupoint, respectively, soaking cotton ball in ignition materialThe interval is 2, and the ignition device is taken out and respectively placed on five ignition seats and ignited for combustion; taking five ceramic cupping jar bodies, accurately and gently putting down the ceramic cupping jar bodies on the ignition seat, and immediately adsorbing the ceramic cupping jar bodies on the skin; and soaking the cotton balls in the ignition material for 5s, taking out, respectively placing the cotton balls on the outer sides of the bottoms of the five ceramic cupping jar bodies, igniting and burning, taking the ceramic cupping jar bodies away after the cotton balls on the outer sides of the bottoms of the ceramic cupping jar bodies are burnt, and performing sludge removal and toxin expelling treatment.
Example 6
A preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar comprises a ceramic cupping jar body and an ignition seat, and comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a semi-finished ceramic cupping jar product: the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated, except that silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride, and zirconia were used as the ceramic firing raw materials, and the pore-forming agent was used as the auxiliary material.
Example 7
A preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar comprises a ceramic cupping jar body and an ignition seat, and comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a semi-finished ceramic cupping jar product: the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated, except that silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride, and zirconia were used as the ceramic firing raw materials, and the ultrafine composite powder was used as the auxiliary material.
Example 8
A preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar comprises a ceramic cupping jar body and an ignition seat, wherein the preparation of the ceramic cupping jar body in the step (2) is not carried out with vapor deposition layer treatment, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 9
A preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar comprises a ceramic cupping jar body and an ignition seat, wherein the preparation of the ceramic cupping jar body in the step (2) is carried out without internal and external coating treatment, and the rest is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 10
A preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar comprises a ceramic cupping jar body and an ignition seat, wherein the ignition material is prepared in the step (3), absolute ethyl alcohol is taken as the ignition material, and the rest is the same as that in the embodiment 1.
Test 1 measurement of thermal conductivity
Taking the ceramic fire pots prepared in examples 1 to 9, selecting another common ceramic fire pot on the market as a comparative example, testing the thermal conductivity of the ceramic fire pot of each example by using a thermal conductivity tester for multiple times according to ISO22007-2 by adopting a transient plane heat source method, and taking the average value to be summarized to table 1:
TABLE 1 thermal conductivity Condition Table
Figure 218214DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Too high heat conductivity coefficient easily causes too fast heat conduction and too high temperature in the tank; when the heat conductivity coefficient is too low, effective heat negative pressure cannot be formed, the skin of a human body is easy to generate pain under the two conditions, the preferred heat conductivity coefficient range is 20-25 w/m.k, and the heat conductivity coefficient table in the table 1 is compared, so that the ceramic cupping jar prepared in the examples 1-3 is suitable.
Experiment 2 measurement of the rate of change of air pressure in a tank
Taking the ceramic cupping jars prepared in examples 1-9, selecting a conventional ceramic cupping jar in the market as a comparative example, respectively placing the cupping jar on a cupping jar simulator with a pressure sensor in a cupping jar simulation mode, keeping for 30min, monitoring the pressure change in the jar in real time, and determining the pressure maintaining performance of the cupping jar according to the pressure change rate, wherein the specific table is as follows:
TABLE 2 air pressure change rate situation table
Figure 774966DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
The ceramic cupping jar prepared by the invention has obviously better pressure maintaining performance compared with the conventional ceramic cupping jar in the market, and particularly, the cupping jar prepared by the embodiment 1 has better effect, and the preferred embodiment 1.

Claims (5)

1. A preparation method of a ceramic cupping jar comprises a ceramic cupping jar body and an ignition seat, and is characterized in that: the preparation process of the ceramic cupping jar body comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a semi-finished ceramic cupping jar: with silicon carbide, silicon nitrideCubic boron nitride and zirconia are used as ceramic firing raw materials, and ultramicro composite powder and a pore-forming agent are used as auxiliary materials for firing; the preparation process is carried out as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
raw and auxiliary material pretreatment: sintering the ceramic raw material, the ultramicro composite powder and the pore-forming agent in a mass ratio of 95-100: 3-7: 2-5, adding a mixed solution of ethanol and acetone which is 0.5 time of the total mass of the raw and auxiliary materials, wherein the mass ratio of the ethanol to the acetone is 1:0.5-2, performing ball milling on the mixture in the ball milling tank for 22-35min at the speed of 200 plus materials and 500r/min, filtering, taking filter residues, repeating the ball milling process for 3-5 times, filtering and drying, and screening powder by using a 400-mesh screen for later use;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
the processing technology comprises the following steps: adding the powder into a ceramic cupping jar grinding tool, and compacting under the pressure of 25 MPa; heating to 1600 + -5 deg.C at a temperature rising rate of 8-10 deg.C/min under pressure maintaining state, sintering, maintaining the temperature for 12-15h, introducing filtered compressed air as cooling medium, and quenching; after pressure relief, vacuumizing to-0.1 MPa, and then introducing 3-5% by volume: the pressure of a reaction chamber is 1.5-2.5MPa by the mixture of 95-97% oxygen and carbon dioxide, the heating rate is controlled to be 4-6 ℃/min, the temperature is slowly increased from normal temperature to the sintering temperature of 1600 +/-5 ℃ at a constant speed and is kept constant for 4h, liquid carbon dioxide is introduced, and the temperature is reduced to normal temperature at a constant speed at the cooling rate of 2-4 ℃/min, so that a semi-finished product of the ceramic cupping jar is prepared;
(2) preparing a ceramic cupping glass body:
Figure 752453DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
placing the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar prepared in the step (1) in an evaporation machine to evaporate metal silver at a rotating speed of 1-3r/min for 30-60min, so that a uniform and compact evaporation layer is evaporated on the outer surface and the inner surface of the semi-finished ceramic cupping jar respectively;
Figure 138435DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
getAdding carbon powder and aluminum oxide powder in a mass ratio of 1:1-3 into deionized water, stirring, mixing and ball-milling for 6-10h to obtain suspension with approximate particle size and uniform dispersion; will be provided with
Figure 370702DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Slowly immersing the ceramic fire pot semi-finished product subjected to medium evaporation into the suspension liquid, ensuring that the inner surface and the outer surface are completely immersed into the suspension liquid, keeping the immersion time for 10-15s, taking out, drying and sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1600 +/-5 ℃, and obtaining a ceramic fire pot body;
preparing the ultramicro composite powder: selecting a mixture of organic polymers of polysilazane and polyborosilazane in a volume ratio of 1:1-2 as an organic precursor, dissolving the organic precursor in a solution of ethanol and toluene in a volume ratio of 1:1, simultaneously adding divinylbenzene, fully stirring and mixing for 25-35min, and mixing the organic precursor, the mixed solution of ethanol and toluene and the divinylbenzene in a volume ratio of 8: 1-3: 2-3, heating to 220 +/-2 ℃ at the speed of 2-5 ℃/min, keeping reacting for 15-20h at constant temperature, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 3000 plus 3500r/min, filtering the centrifugal precipitate, drying, micronizing to within 25 mu m, and pyrolyzing for 1-3h at the temperature of 900 plus 1300 ℃ in vacuum to obtain the ultramicro composite powder.
2. The method for preparing a ceramic cupping jar as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the ceramic cupping jar body is 6-20 cm, and the height of the ceramic cupping jar body is 10-15 cm.
3. The method for preparing a ceramic cupping jar as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ignition seat is in a tripod structure.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the ceramic firing raw materials are 8-10: 4-7: 5-8: 3-5 of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride and zirconia mixture.
5. The method for preparing a ceramic cupping jar as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pore-forming agent is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 3-5: 2-4 of a mixture of silicon carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride.
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CN105218105A (en) * 2015-10-21 2016-01-06 哈尔滨工业大学 Thin strap continuous casting boron nitride complex phase ceramic side seal board and preparation method thereof
CN105645967A (en) * 2014-12-08 2016-06-08 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Preparation method of porous silicon nitride ceramic material with highly oriented through holes
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US5880237A (en) * 1997-01-31 1999-03-09 Nalco Chemical Company Preparation and utility of water-soluble polymers having pendant derivatized amide, ester or ether functionalities as ceramics dispersants and binders
US9546826B1 (en) * 2010-01-21 2017-01-17 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Microtruss based thermal heat spreading structures
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