CN111959690A - Tsunami monitoring device and tsunami early warning system - Google Patents
Tsunami monitoring device and tsunami early warning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111959690A CN111959690A CN202010994577.4A CN202010994577A CN111959690A CN 111959690 A CN111959690 A CN 111959690A CN 202010994577 A CN202010994577 A CN 202010994577A CN 111959690 A CN111959690 A CN 111959690A
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/04—Fixations or other anchoring arrangements
- B63B22/06—Fixations or other anchoring arrangements with means to cause the buoy to surface in response to a transmitted signal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/04—Fixations or other anchoring arrangements
- B63B22/08—Fixations or other anchoring arrangements having means to release or urge to the surface a buoy on submergence thereof, e.g. to mark location of a sunken object
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/18—Buoys having means to control attitude or position, e.g. reaction surfaces or tether
- B63B22/20—Ballast means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/90—Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B2022/006—Buoys specially adapted for measuring or watch purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/40—Controlling or monitoring, e.g. of flood or hurricane; Forecasting, e.g. risk assessment or mapping
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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Abstract
The application relates to a tsunami monitoring device and a tsunami early warning system. The device includes: the tsunami monitoring unit is used for monitoring tsunami information when the body is positioned in a monitoring area; the communication floating body is connected with the tsunami monitoring unit; the release device is respectively connected with the tsunami monitoring unit and the communication floating body; when the tsunami monitoring unit monitors the tsunami, a release instruction and tsunami information are output; the releasing device releases the communication floating body when receiving a releasing instruction; the communication floating body receives the tsunami information, floats to the sea surface and sends the tsunami information to the shore station through the satellite network; and the tsunami information is used for indicating a shore station to perform tsunami early warning. The tsunami monitoring device is small in arrangement workload, strong in flexibility, high in safety, long in life cycle when operating at sea and low in operation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of tsunami monitoring, in particular to a tsunami monitoring device and a tsunami early warning system.
Background
With the development of marine science and technology, people pay more and more attention to the physical properties of the earth interior and earthquake and tsunami disasters. Tsunami is destructive sea waves generated by ocean bottom earthquakes, volcanic eruption, ocean bottom landslides or meteorological changes, the wave speed of the tsunami is as high as 700-800 kilometers per hour, and the tsunami can cross the ocean within a few hours; the wavelength can reach hundreds of kilometers, and the transmission can be carried out for thousands of kilometers with small energy loss; in the vast ocean at the sunset, the wave height is less than one meter, but when arriving at the coastal shallow water zone, the wave length decreases and the wave height increases dramatically, reaching tens of meters, forming a "water wall" containing enormous energy. Globally documented destructive tsunamis occur about 260 times, on average about once every six or seven years. Seismic tsunamis occurring in the Pacific region account for about 80%. Therefore, monitoring and early warning of tsunami are important for development of human society.
The existing tsunami real-time monitoring system depends on a sea surface buoy, which is usually fixed in an anchoring manner and is connected with a seabed sensor through a cable, and when the seabed sensor monitors that a tsunami wave arrives, data is transmitted to the sea surface buoy through the cable and then is sent back to a shore station through a satellite. The working mode is only suitable for shallow sea areas, wastes time and labor and has large installation work amount. Although the problem of installation of a data transmission cable can be solved by adopting an acoustic communication mode aiming at the tsunami monitoring buoy arranged in the water depth of last kilometer, the engineering quantity of arranging and recovering the mooring rope for anchoring the buoy of last kilometer is large, and the buoy on the sea surface is easy to collide with a ship, be damaged artificially and the like. Once the buoy body on the sea surface is damaged, the whole tsunami monitoring system cannot work normally, and the tsunami monitoring buoy needs to be recovered and maintained after going out of the sea by renting a ship, and then is thrown again. The whole process is time-consuming, labor-consuming and high in operation cost.
In the implementation process, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the conventional technology: the prior tsunami early warning system has the problems of low safety, large installation engineering amount, time and labor waste, high cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a tsunami monitoring device, which includes:
the tsunami monitoring unit is used for monitoring tsunami information when the body is positioned in a monitoring area;
the communication floating body is connected with the tsunami monitoring unit;
the release device is respectively connected with the tsunami monitoring unit and the communication floating body;
when the tsunami monitoring unit monitors the tsunami, a release instruction and tsunami information are output; the releasing device releases the communication floating body when receiving a releasing instruction; the communication floating body receives the tsunami information, floats to the sea surface and sends the tsunami information to the shore station through the satellite network; and the tsunami information is used for indicating a shore station to perform tsunami early warning.
In one embodiment, the tsunami monitoring unit is used for acquiring the amplitude of a tsunami pressure wave when a preset period comes;
the tsunami monitoring unit compares the amplitude with a preset threshold value;
and if the amplitude is larger than the preset threshold value, the tsunami monitoring unit confirms the occurrence of the tsunami and outputs tsunami information and a release instruction.
In one embodiment, the communication floater comprises a battery, an electronic processing unit and a satellite antenna which are all arranged in a sealed shell; wherein, a cavity is reserved at the top in the sealed shell;
the battery is arranged at the bottom in the sealed shell; the satellite antenna is arranged at the top in the sealed shell;
the electronic processing unit is respectively connected with the battery, the satellite antenna and the tsunami monitoring unit; and the electronic processing unit is used for receiving the tsunami information and transmitting the tsunami information to the shore station through the satellite antenna.
In one embodiment, the communication floating body further comprises a soft rope which is arranged outside the sealed shell and fixed at the bottom of the floating body;
the communication floating body is connected with the release device through a soft rope;
the number of the communication floating bodies is several, and the number of the releasing devices is the same as that of the communication floating bodies.
In one embodiment, the device further comprises an instrument mounting frame and a sinking device connected with the instrument mounting frame;
the tsunami monitoring unit and the release device are both fixed between an upper panel and a lower panel of the instrument mounting rack;
a round hole is formed in an upper panel of the instrument mounting frame, and the communication floating body penetrates through the round hole to be connected with the release device; the number of the round holes is the same as that of the communication floating bodies;
the sinking device is arranged below the lower face plate of the instrument mounting frame.
In one embodiment, the sinking device is a weight plate.
In one embodiment, the device further comprises an acoustic releaser, a floating device and a pull handle type device arranged in the central area of the upper surface of the counterweight plate; wherein the floating device is connected with the acoustic releaser;
the acoustic releaser passes through and is fixed in the center holes of the upper panel and the lower panel of the instrument mounting rack, and the release hook at the bottom of the acoustic releaser is connected with the pull handle type device.
In one embodiment, the floating device comprises a cable and a plurality of glass floating balls;
the top of the acoustic releaser is connected with the glass floating ball through a cable.
In one embodiment, the instrument mounting rack further comprises a battery compartment secured between the instrument mounting rack upper deck and the lower deck.
A tsunami early warning system comprises a shore station and the tsunami monitoring device;
the tsunami monitoring device is connected with a shore station through a satellite network.
One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
when the tsunami monitoring device is located in a monitoring area, tsunami information is monitored in real time through a tsunami monitoring unit, the tsunami information is transmitted to the communication floating body under the condition that tsunami is monitored, the communication floating body is released through the control releasing device, the communication floating body floats to the water surface through self buoyancy, and the tsunami information is sent to a shore station through a satellite network after floating to the water surface, so that tsunami early warning is indicated to the shore station. The tsunami monitoring device of this application can directly lay in seabed monitoring area, need not measure the depth of water data of laying the website in advance, it is stronger to lay the flexibility of moving, the installation work volume is little, time saving and labor saving, and the disguise is strong, be difficult for suffering the destruction of sea surface ship, the communication body carries tsunami information to float to the sea surface through self buoyancy and sends tsunami information when detecting tsunami, the timeliness of data has been guaranteed, detect tsunami information in time and carry out the early warning, protect people's personal and property safety.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the conventional technologies of the present application, the drawings used in the descriptions of the embodiments or the conventional technologies will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following descriptions are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a tsunami monitoring device in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication float in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a tsunami monitoring unit in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a tsunami monitoring device in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structural connection of the release device to the communicating float in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of the tsunami monitoring device in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a tsunami monitoring device;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a recovery process of the tsunami monitoring device in one embodiment;
fig. 9 is a block diagram of the tsunami warning system in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
Spatial relational terms, such as "under," "below," "under," "over," and the like may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements or features described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary terms "under" and "under" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. In addition, the device may also include additional orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatial descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be connected to the other element through intervening elements. Further, "connection" in the following embodiments is understood to mean "electrical connection", "communication connection", or the like, if there is a transfer of electrical signals or data between the connected objects.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "includes" or "including," etc., specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Also, as used in this specification, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.
As described in the background art, the conventional tsunami monitoring device connects a surface buoy and a tsunami monitor at the sea bottom by using a photoelectric composite cable through the buoy disposed on the surface of the sea, so that the buoy and a shore station perform data transmission, but the surface buoy is easily damaged by a ship, which greatly increases the installation work amount and the operation cost of the device.
For the foregoing reasons, the present application provides a tsunami monitoring device that does not require a sea surface buoy to cooperate, and that is not limited by the length of the mooring line and that is used alone.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided a tsunami monitoring apparatus, which may include:
the tsunami monitoring unit is used for monitoring tsunami information when the body is positioned in a monitoring area;
the communication floating body is connected with the tsunami monitoring unit;
the release device is respectively connected with the tsunami monitoring unit and the communication floating body;
when the tsunami monitoring unit monitors the tsunami, a release instruction and tsunami information are output; the releasing device releases the communication floating body when receiving a releasing instruction; the communication floating body receives the tsunami information, floats to the sea surface and sends the tsunami information to the shore station through the satellite network; and the tsunami information is used for indicating a shore station to perform tsunami early warning.
The tsunami monitoring device can monitor tsunamis in deep sea areas and tsunamis close to the shore, and when the tsunami monitoring device is used, the tsunami monitoring device is thrown into an area needing to be monitored, and the thrown area is selected according to actual needs. The tsunami monitoring unit can be a tsunami monitoring electronic cabin; the release device connects the communication floating body and the tsunami monitoring unit into a whole, when the tsunami monitoring unit does not detect the tsunami, the release device does not work, the communication floating body is fixed, the communication floating body is prevented from floating to the sea surface, when the tsunami monitoring unit detects the tsunami, the release device and the communication floating body are started to work, and the communication floating body is released when the release device receives a release instruction. The communication floating body can float to the water surface by means of self buoyancy in water to communicate with the shore station, and the shore station performs tsunami early warning measures when receiving tsunami information. The tsunami information may include tsunami wave intensity, time, and the like.
Specifically, when the tsunami monitoring device is thrown into an area needing to be monitored, under a normal working state, the tsunami monitoring unit monitors the seabed tsunami information in real time, and the communication floating body and the release device can be in a closed state, so that the overall power consumption of the device is low; when the tsunami monitoring unit monitors that tsunami occurs, the communication floating body and the release device are started to work, the tsunami monitoring unit transmits tsunami information to the communication floating body, the communication floating body stores the tsunami information, and meanwhile, the release device releases the communication floating body after receiving a release signal, so that the communication floating body carries the tsunami information and is separated from the release device, the communication floating body is not limited by the release device any more, and continuously floats to the sea surface by means of self buoyancy in water; and after the communication floating body reaches the sea surface, transmitting the tsunami information to the shore station through the satellite network.
According to the tsunami warning device, the communication floating body and the tsunami monitoring unit are connected into a whole by designing the release device, when the tsunami monitoring unit detects a tsunami, the release device and the communication floating body are started, the communication floating body carrying tsunami information is released by the release device, the communication floating body is separated from the release device, and the communication floating body continuously floats to the sea surface, so that the tsunami information is timely and quickly transmitted to the shore station for tsunami warning. The utility model provides a tsunami monitoring devices anchor system simple structure, do not receive the restriction of mooring rope length, can lay in shallow water sea area, also can lay in the deep water sea area of last kilometer, the depth of water data of laying the website need not be measured in advance, it is stronger to lay flexible, do not need the long mooring rope from the seabed to the surface of water, it is convenient to lay, the work load is less, do not have supporting surface of water buoy also can realize satellite communication, as long as with it put in the seabed can realize monitoring and projectile formula communication, the destroyed risk of surface of water mark body has been reduced, the system hidden nature is good, anti-damage ability is strong, the security is high, and the whole consumption of system is lower, the survival cycle is longer when marine operation.
In one particular embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the communications float may include a battery, an electronic processing unit, and a satellite antenna, all mounted within a sealed housing; wherein, a cavity is reserved at the top in the sealed shell;
the battery is arranged at the bottom in the sealed shell; the satellite antenna is arranged at the top in the sealed shell;
the electronic processing unit is respectively connected with the battery, the satellite antenna and the tsunami monitoring unit; and the electronic processing unit is used for receiving the tsunami information and transmitting the tsunami information to the shore station through the satellite antenna.
The top of the communication floating body can be hemispherical, the main body can be a cylinder, and the bottom of the communication floating body is flat; the battery, the electronic processing unit and the satellite antenna are all installed in the sealing shell, the battery can be an alkaline battery, when the battery with larger weight is positioned at the bottom of the sealing shell, the cavity is reserved at the top of the sealing shell, and therefore the communication floating body can keep floating vertically when positioned in water.
Specifically, when the tsunami monitoring unit detects the tsunami, the communication floating body is started, and the battery supplies power to the electronic processing unit and the satellite antenna; the tsunami monitoring unit transmits tsunami information to the electronic processing unit of the communication floating body, the communication floating body can keep floating up after being released, the electronic processing unit sends the carried tsunami information out through the satellite antenna after the communication floating body floats to the sea surface, and the shore station carries out tsunami early warning in time after receiving the tsunami information sent by the communication floating body.
In a specific embodiment, the communication floating body can further comprise a soft rope which is arranged outside the sealed shell and fixed at the bottom of the floating body;
the communication floating body is connected with the release device through a soft rope;
the number of the communication floating bodies can be several, and the number of the releasing devices is the same as that of the communication floating bodies.
The communication floating body is connected with the release device through a soft rope fixed at the outer bottom of the floating body sealing shell, the release device can comprise a copper wire, and the copper wire of the release device pulls the soft rope at the bottom of the communication floating body to limit the floating of the communication floating body. The number of the communication floating bodies can be set according to actual conditions, considering that the installation position is limited and the power supply capacity of a battery is taken into consideration, tsunami generally occurs 1-2 times per year, 4 communication floating bodies can be installed, and 4 communication floating bodies can monitor for 2 years. Accordingly, there is one release device per communication float, i.e. the number of release devices is the same as the number of communication floats.
Specifically, when the tsunami monitoring unit monitors tsunami, the communication floating body and the release device are started, the tsunami monitoring unit sends tsunami information to the electronic processing unit of the communication floating body, and outputs a release instruction to the release device; and the electronic processing unit of the communication floating body receives the tsunami information, the release device fuses the copper wire when receiving the release instruction, the communication floating body is released and thrown out, the communication floating body is not limited by the copper wire any more, and floats up to the sea surface by means of the buoyancy of the communication floating body to transmit the tsunami information through the satellite antenna.
The mode of holding the rope through the copper wire between the release and the communication body of this application is connected, and utilize and reserve the cavity at communication body top and then can keep the principle of upright come-up in aqueous, make the tsunami monitoring device of this application not receive the restriction of mooring rope smoothness, do not have supporting surface of water buoy, reduced the destroyed risk of surface of water mark body, the system is disguised good, anti destructiveness can the reinforce, it is little to lay engineering volume, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, it is with low costs and effectual.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the tsunami monitoring unit is configured to obtain the amplitude of the tsunami pressure wave when the preset period arrives;
the tsunami monitoring unit compares the amplitude with a preset threshold value;
and if the amplitude is larger than the preset threshold value, the tsunami monitoring unit confirms the occurrence of the tsunami and outputs tsunami information and a release instruction.
The preset period may be set according to an actual situation, for example, the preset period may be set to 15 seconds, that is, the tsunami monitoring unit detects the amplitude of the tsunami pressure wave every 15 seconds, the amplitude of the tsunami pressure wave is calculated by subtracting the expected pressure from the actually detected water depth pressure, the expected pressure is closely related to the tidal fluctuation and the low-frequency fluctuation, and similarly, the expected pressure is updated every preset time, that is, the expected pressure is updated every 15 seconds, and the tsunami monitoring unit calculates and updates the amplitude of the tsunami pressure wave by subtracting the expected pressure from the detected water depth pressure. The preset threshold may also be set according to actual conditions, and the background noise of the ocean determines the minimum detection threshold, for example, based on past observation experience, the reasonable threshold of south China sea is 3 cm, that is, the preset threshold is set to 3 cm.
Specifically, fig. 4 shows a flow chart of the tsunami monitoring device. When the tsunami monitoring device is placed in a seabed monitoring area of south China sea, tsunami waves can be automatically monitored without depending on land to send instructions. The tsunami monitoring unit of the tsunami monitoring device updates the expected pressure every 15 seconds of a preset period, the amplitude of a tsunami pressure wave is obtained by subtracting the expected pressure from the actually detected water depth pressure, and the tsunami monitoring unit compares the amplitude of the tsunami pressure wave with a preset threshold value of 3 cm; when the amplitude of the tsunami pressure wave is less than 3 cm, determining that tsunami does not occur, and continuously monitoring the tsunami by the tsunami monitoring unit; and after the next 15 seconds, updating the amplitude of the tsunami pressure wave again and judging whether tsunami occurs, if the tsunami pressure wave is detected to be larger than 3 cm, determining that tsunami occurs, starting the communication floating body and the release device by the tsunami monitoring unit to start working, sending tsunami information to the electronic processing unit of the communication floating body, sending a release instruction to the release device by the tsunami monitoring unit, fusing a copper wire after the release instruction is received by the release device, releasing the communication floating body, floating the communication floating body to the sea surface with the tsunami information, sending the tsunami information by the satellite antenna of the communication floating body, and transmitting the tsunami information to the shore station through the satellite network.
The tsunami monitoring unit can automatically monitor tsunami waves at the sea bottom without sending instructions by land, continuously updates and detects the tsunami waves in real time according to a built-in tsunami monitoring algorithm of the tsunami monitoring unit, releases the communication floating body carrying tsunami information through the release device to be released and thrown out under the condition that the tsunami waves are detected, so that the tsunami information is transmitted to a shore station through the communication floating body floating to the sea surface in time, and the accuracy of monitoring the tsunami information and the timeliness of data of the device are guaranteed.
In a specific embodiment, the device also comprises an instrument mounting rack and a sinking device connected with the instrument mounting rack;
the tsunami monitoring unit and the release device are both fixed between an upper panel and a lower panel of the instrument mounting rack;
a round hole is formed in an upper panel of the instrument mounting frame, and the communication floating body penetrates through the round hole to be connected with the release device; the number of the round holes is the same as that of the communication floating bodies;
the sinking device is arranged below the lower face plate of the instrument mounting frame.
Wherein, the upper and lower panels of the instrument mounting rack can be thin cuboids, the instrument mounting rack can connect other elements into a whole, each communication floating body also correspondingly corresponds to a round hole of the upper panel of the instrument mounting rack, for example, if 4 communication floating bodies are arranged, 4 round holes can be arranged at the four corners of the upper panel of the instrument mounting rack, each round hole is correspondingly provided with a communication floating body, when the device is positioned in water, the communication floating body can float, but because the copper wire of the release device pulls the soft rope at the bottom of the communication floating body, the communication floating body can keep an upright state and pass through the round hole of the upper panel, the diameter of the round hole is larger than that of the round bottom of the communication floating body, therefore, when the release device fuses the copper wire, the communication floating body can easily float up through the round hole, and as shown in fig. 5, the structural connection schematic diagram of the release device and the communication floating body is shown. The sinking device can ensure that the total gravity of the tsunami monitoring device as a whole is greater than the buoyancy of water, so that the tsunami monitoring device can sink and be fixed on the seabed.
In one particular example, the sinking device may be a weight plate; the tsunami monitoring device can also comprise a battery compartment fixed between the upper panel and the lower panel of the instrument mounting rack, and an alkaline battery pack is installed in the battery compartment.
Specifically, when the tsunami monitoring device is placed in a seabed monitoring area, the balance weight plate stably fixes the whole tsunami monitoring device on the seabed; the battery cabin supplies power to the tsunami monitoring unit and the release device; when the tsunami monitoring unit monitors the tsunami, tsunami information is sent to one of the 4 communication floating bodies, and a release instruction is sent to the release device; the release device fuses the copper wire to release the communication floating body, the communication floating body carries tsunami information to pass through the round hole corresponding to the upper panel of the instrument mounting frame by means of buoyancy of the communication floating body to float vertically, and the tsunami information is sent to the shore station through the satellite network after floating to the sea surface. At the moment, the tsunami monitoring device on the seabed still monitors tsunami information in real time, and when tsunami is found again, the tsunami monitoring unit sends the tsunami information monitored again to another communication floating body; similarly, the communication floating body transmits the tsunami information to the shore station through the mode so as to perform tsunami early warning in time.
Above, tsunami monitoring devices of this application can be stably fixed in the seabed through the device that sinks, and when tsunami takes place, through fusing release device's copper wire release communication body to utilize the buoyancy of communication body self to float to the mode on the sea, in time send tsunami information to the bank station through satellite network and carry out early warning processing, guaranteed the accuracy new and the timeliness of data of tsunami information. The whole device has good concealment, strong damage resistance and longer life cycle in marine operation. The tsunami monitoring device can set the number of communication floating bodies according to actual conditions, and due to the fact that the overall power consumption of the device is low, the tsunami monitoring device can monitor the tsunami at the bottom for a long time, and can send tsunami information to a shore station for many times, so that the workload of arrangement is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the efficiency is improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, there is provided a tsunami monitoring apparatus, which may include:
the tsunami monitoring device comprises a tsunami monitoring unit, a communication floating body, a release device, an instrument mounting frame and a sinking device connected with the instrument mounting frame; the tsunami monitoring unit is used for monitoring tsunami information when the body is positioned in a monitoring area, the communication floating body is connected with the tsunami monitoring unit, and the release device is respectively connected with the tsunami monitoring unit and the communication floating body; the tsunami monitoring unit and the release device are both fixed between an upper panel and a lower panel of the instrument mounting rack; a round hole is formed in an upper panel of the instrument mounting frame, and the communication floating body penetrates through the round hole to be connected with the release device; the number of the round holes is the same as that of the communication floating bodies; the sinking device is arranged below the lower face plate of the instrument mounting frame. The sinking device can be a counterweight plate; the tsunami monitoring device can also comprise a battery compartment fixed between the upper panel and the lower panel of the instrument mounting rack, and an alkaline battery pack is installed in the battery compartment.
The communication floating body can comprise a battery, an electronic processing unit and a satellite antenna which are all arranged in the sealed shell; wherein, a cavity is reserved at the top in the sealed shell; the battery is arranged at the bottom in the sealed shell; the satellite antenna is arranged at the top in the sealed shell; the electronic processing unit is respectively connected with the battery, the satellite antenna and the tsunami monitoring unit; and the electronic processing unit is used for receiving the tsunami information and transmitting the tsunami information to the shore station through the satellite antenna.
The communication floating body can also comprise a soft rope which is arranged outside the sealed shell and fixed at the bottom of the floating body; the communication floating body is connected with the release device through a soft rope; the number of the communication floating bodies can be several, and the number of the releasing devices is the same as that of the communication floating bodies.
The tsunami monitoring unit is used for acquiring the amplitude of a tsunami pressure wave when a preset period comes; the tsunami monitoring unit compares the amplitude with a preset threshold value; and if the amplitude is larger than the preset threshold value, the tsunami monitoring unit confirms the occurrence of the tsunami and outputs tsunami information and a release instruction. Namely, when the tsunami monitoring unit monitors the tsunami, a release instruction and tsunami information are output; the releasing device releases the communication floating body when receiving a releasing instruction; the communication floating body receives the tsunami information, floats to the sea surface and sends the tsunami information to the shore station through the satellite network; and the tsunami information is used for indicating a shore station to perform tsunami early warning.
The tsunami monitoring device can also comprise an acoustic releaser, a floating device and a pull handle type device arranged in the central area of the upper surface of the counterweight plate; wherein the floating device is connected with the acoustic releaser;
the acoustic releaser passes through and is fixed in the center holes of the upper panel and the lower panel of the instrument mounting rack, and the release hook at the bottom of the acoustic releaser is connected with the pull handle type device.
In one particular example, the floatation device may include a cable and a number of glass floats; the top of the acoustic releaser is connected with the glass floating ball through a cable.
The acoustic releaser, the battery cabin, the tsunami monitoring unit and the release device are fixed in the instrument mounting frame through U-shaped hoops and screws; the weight plate is connected with the instrument mounting frame through an acoustic releaser which penetrates through and is fixed in the center holes of the upper panel and the lower panel of the instrument mounting frame, and the instrument mounting frame is placed above the weight plate and can freely move up and down. The floating device is arranged to provide certain buoyancy for the tsunami monitoring device, and when the counterweight plate is connected with the instrument mounting frame through the acoustic releaser, the total buoyancy of the whole body is smaller than the gravity of the whole body, so that the tsunami monitoring device can be stably fixed on the seabed; however, after the balance weight plate is released by the acoustic releaser, the release hook at the bottom of the acoustic releaser releases the pull-handle type device at the central area of the upper surface of the balance weight plate, so that the total buoyancy of the rest part except the balance weight plate is larger than the total weight of the rest part, and the rest part can float up to the sea surface, and is convenient for workers to recover.
Specifically, the tsunami monitoring device is integrated when being placed in a seabed monitoring area, is fixed on the seabed by a counterweight plate at ordinary times, monitors water pressure information in real time and judges whether tsunami waves arrive or not; when tsunami waves are monitored, the tsunami monitoring unit transmits tsunami information to the communication floating body, and starts a copper wire of the fusing and releasing device to release and throw the communication floating body; the satellite communication floating body floats to the water surface by means of self buoyancy, and tsunami information is sent to a shore station through a satellite network.
As shown in fig. 8, which is a schematic view of a recovery flow of a tsunami monitoring device, when the tsunami monitoring device does not monitor a tsunami and is in an idle state, if the tsunami monitoring device needs to be recovered, repaired and maintained, a command is sent to an acoustic releaser, and a motor of the acoustic releaser is started to open a release hook of the acoustic releaser, that is, the release hook of the acoustic releaser is separated from a pull-type device of a counterweight plate, so as to release unhooking; the weight plate is left on the seabed, and because the weight plate is disposable and does not need to be recycled, a new weight plate is configured every time the tsunami detection device is put in; the glass floating ball provides great buoyancy for the tsunami monitoring device, and the total buoyancy of the tsunami monitoring device (without the weight plate) in water is greater than the gravity of the tsunami monitoring device (without the weight plate), so that the glass floating ball floats the tsunami monitoring device (without the weight plate) to the water surface, and the tsunami monitoring device is convenient to recover.
Above, tsunami monitoring devices of this application only partially under water, and system anchor is simple structure, does not receive the restriction of mooring rope length, can lay in shallow water sea area, also can lay in last kilometer's deep water sea area, need not measure the depth of water data of laying the website in advance, and the flexibility of laying is stronger. Meanwhile, the tsunami monitoring device can realize satellite communication without a matched water surface buoy, can realize monitoring and release cast communication only by being arranged at the sea bottom, reduces the possibility of damage to the water surface buoy, has good concealment and strong damage resistance, and has longer life cycle in marine operation. When the system normally works on the seabed, only the tsunami monitoring unit works, other equipment is in a closed state, and when the tsunami is detected, other devices are started temporarily to realize release, projection and satellite communication, so that the overall power consumption of the system is low, and long-time sitting monitoring can be realized. The whole tsunami monitoring device integrates monitoring, communication and release recovery, is convenient to distribute and recover, and has less workload and high efficiency.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of fig. 4 and 8 are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in sequence as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in fig. 4 and 8 may include multiple steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performing the steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the steps or stages in other steps.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, there is provided a tsunami warning system, which may include a shore station and a tsunami monitoring device as described above;
the tsunami monitoring device is connected with a shore station through a satellite network.
Specifically, the tsunami monitoring device is placed in a seabed monitoring area, and a tsunami monitoring unit of the tsunami monitoring device monitors water pressure information in real time and judges whether tsunami waves arrive or not; when tsunami waves are monitored, a tsunami monitoring unit of the tsunami monitoring device transmits tsunami information to a communication floating body of the tsunami monitoring device, a copper wire of a releasing device of the tsunami monitoring device is started to be fused, and the communication floating body is released and thrown out; the satellite communication floating body floats to the water surface by means of self buoyancy, and tsunami information is sent to a shore station through a satellite network. When the shore station receives tsunami information sent by a communication floating body of the tsunami monitoring device, the tsunami information is analyzed and processed, and corresponding tsunami early warning measures are taken, for example, relevant information about the arrival of tsunami is sent to people in a short message mode, or the tsunami early warning information is broadcasted in a television program mode, so that people can obtain the information about the arrival of tsunami in time, protective measures are taken in advance, and personal and property safety is guaranteed.
Therefore, the tsunami early warning system can timely acquire accurate tsunami information by utilizing the tsunami monitoring device in real time, and then carries out tsunami early warning through the shore station, so that people are reminded of taking protective measures in advance, and personal and property safety is guaranteed. The tsunami early warning system monitors accurate tsunami data and can guarantee timeliness of the data, and the system is high in safety and low in operation cost.
In the description herein, references to the description of "some embodiments," "other embodiments," "desired embodiments," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, a schematic description of the above terminology may not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A tsunami monitoring device, comprising:
the tsunami monitoring unit is used for monitoring tsunami information when the body is in a monitoring area;
the communication floating body is connected with the tsunami monitoring unit;
the release device is respectively connected with the tsunami monitoring unit and the communication floating body;
when the tsunami monitoring unit monitors a tsunami, a release instruction and the tsunami information are output; the communication floating body is released when the release device receives the release instruction; the communication floating body receives the tsunami information, floats to the sea surface, and sends the tsunami information to a shore station through a satellite network; and the tsunami information is used for indicating the shore station to carry out tsunami early warning.
2. The tsunami monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the tsunami monitoring unit is configured to obtain the amplitude of a tsunami pressure wave when a preset period arrives;
the tsunami monitoring unit compares the amplitude with a preset threshold value;
and if the amplitude is larger than the preset threshold value, the tsunami monitoring unit confirms the occurrence of the tsunami and outputs the tsunami information and the release instruction.
3. The tsunami monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the communication buoy comprises a battery, an electronic processing unit and a satellite antenna all mounted within a sealed housing; a cavity is reserved at the top in the sealing shell;
the battery is arranged at the bottom in the sealed shell; the satellite antenna is arranged at the top in the sealed shell;
the electronic processing unit is respectively connected with the battery, the satellite antenna and the tsunami monitoring unit; and the electronic processing unit is used for receiving the tsunami information and sending the tsunami information to the shore station through the satellite antenna.
4. The tsunami monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein the communication float further comprises a flexible rope which is arranged outside the sealed housing and fixed at the bottom of the float;
the communication floating body is connected with the release device through the soft rope;
the number of the communication floating bodies is a plurality, and the number of the release devices is the same as that of the communication floating bodies.
5. The tsunami monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an instrument mount and a sink device connected to the instrument mount;
the tsunami monitoring unit and the release device are both fixed between an upper panel and a lower panel of the instrument mounting rack;
a round hole is formed in an upper panel of the instrument mounting rack, and the communication floating body penetrates through the round hole to be connected with the release device; the number of the round holes is the same as that of the communication floating bodies;
the sinking device is mounted below the lower deck of the instrument mount.
6. Tsunami monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that the sinking means are weight plates.
7. The tsunami monitoring device according to claim 6, further comprising an acoustic releaser, a floating device and a pull handle type device arranged in the central region of the upper surface of the weight plate; wherein the floatation device is connected with the acoustic releaser;
the acoustic releaser penetrates through and is fixed in center holes of an upper panel and a lower panel of the instrument mounting frame, and a release hook at the bottom of the acoustic releaser is connected with the pull handle type device.
8. The tsunami monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein the floating device comprises a cable and a plurality of glass floating balls;
the top of the acoustic releaser is connected with the glass floating ball through the cable.
9. The tsunami monitoring device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, further comprising a battery compartment secured between the instrument-mount upper deck and the lower deck.
10. A tsunami warning system, comprising a shore station and a tsunami monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9;
the tsunami monitoring device is connected with the shore station through a satellite network.
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| CN202010994577.4A CN111959690A (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Tsunami monitoring device and tsunami early warning system |
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| CN114572347A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-03 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Tsunami early warning monitoring system |
| CN117031570A (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-11-10 | 中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所 | Marine animal telemetry platform and animal telemetry method thereof |
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