CN111948046A - Anchor plate drawing test device, system and method based on transparent soil - Google Patents
Anchor plate drawing test device, system and method based on transparent soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111948046A CN111948046A CN202010750278.6A CN202010750278A CN111948046A CN 111948046 A CN111948046 A CN 111948046A CN 202010750278 A CN202010750278 A CN 202010750278A CN 111948046 A CN111948046 A CN 111948046A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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Abstract
A test device, a system and a method for pulling an anchor plate based on transparent soil belong to the technical field of anchor plates, can reduce disturbance to soil when the anchor plate is installed in a model test, and can also achieve the effect of predicting a three-dimensional deformation field of the soil by observing any tangent plane in the three-dimensional deformation process of the soil, and the condition of observing displacement deformation of the soil between plates in the pulling process of horizontal double anchors arranged at the same height can exist; the two sides of the filling model box are transparent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of anchor plates, and particularly relates to an anchor plate drawing test device, system and method based on transparent soil.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
With the need of constructing a large number of facilities such as roads, railways, water conservancy, mines and the like in mountainous and hilly areas, the problems of higher and more side slopes excavation and filling need to be faced in the engineering practice, and various supporting and retaining structure schemes aiming at the high side slope problem are generated. Such as anchoring and pulling type retaining walls, anchoring plate retaining walls, reinforced retaining walls, anti-slide piles and the like. Among them, the retaining wall with an anchor plate is one of the more common solutions. When the anchor plate acts, the anchor plate can extrude soil around the anchor, so that the retaining wall structure is provided with anti-sliding force, and the strength and the stability of the surrounding soil body can be improved. In the design and calculation process of the anchoring plate type retaining wall, the ultimate bearing capacity and the displacement of the soil body around the anchor are not negligible. Although there are many engineering cases in the engineering at present, the anchoring plate type retaining wall is used, the ultimate bearing capacity of the anchoring plate, how the fracture surface of the soil body around the anchoring plate develops, and the influence of the anchoring plate on the overlying soil body are still the subjects of further research.
The inventor finds that in the existing indoor model test technology, the anchor plate drawing problem has been treated as the plane strain problem for a long time, and the anchor plate drawing problem is mostly the plane strain problem for a long time. The anchor plate structure is deeply buried in the soil layer, so that the monitoring of the integral deformation of the soil body can not be realized when the anchor plate structure interacts with the soil; secondly, if the anchor plates are arranged densely, a group anchor effect occurs, and after the group anchor effect occurs, the mutual influence of the double-anchor displacement fields can cause that the displacement state of the soil body in front of the anchor plates is greatly different from that of a single anchor, but the existing test device cannot perform non-invasive observation on the soil body.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a transparent soil model test device, a system and a method for anchor plate drawing, which can reduce the disturbance to the soil body when an anchor rod is installed in a model test, can achieve the effect of predicting the three-dimensional deformation field of the soil body by observing any tangent plane in the three-dimensional deformation process of the soil body, and can observe the displacement deformation of the soil body between plates in the horizontal double-anchor drawing process arranged at the same height.
The invention aims to provide a transparent soil model test device for drawing an anchor plate.
The invention also provides a transparent soil model test system for drawing the anchor plate.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a transparent soil model test method for drawing of an anchor plate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the technical scheme of the invention provides a transparent soil-based anchor plate drawing test device which comprises a filling model box, a soil blocking plate, an anchor rod, an anchor plate and a sealing plug, wherein one side surface of the filling model box is an opening side, the soil blocking plate is slidably mounted on the opening side of the filling model box, the anchor rod penetrates through the soil blocking plate and enters the filling model box, the anchor plate is mounted in the filling model box within the opening side, the anchor rod penetrates through the anchor plate, the soil blocking plate is provided with a plurality of open holes, and the open holes can be sealed by the sealing plug.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides an anchor plate drawing test system, which includes the transparent soil-based anchor plate drawing test device in the first aspect, and further includes a laser generator and a camera, wherein laser emitted by the laser generator can enter the filling model box from a transparent surface of the filling model box, and the camera is arranged on a top surface and a side surface of the filling model box to take pictures in the filling model box.
In a third aspect, the technical scheme of the invention also provides an anchor plate drawing test method, wherein the anchor plate drawing test system is used, the laser generator is used for irradiating transparent soil filled in the soil filling model box, the camera is used for shooting optical phenomena in the transparent soil, and pictures shot by the camera are processed to obtain the displacement field and vector diagram conditions generated by the soil body of the anchor plate in the drawing process.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention can reduce the disturbance to the soil body when the anchor rod is installed in the model test, can achieve the effect of predicting the three-dimensional deformation field of the soil body by observing any tangent plane in the three-dimensional deformation process of the soil body, and can observe the displacement deformation of the soil body between the plates in the horizontal double-anchor drawing process arranged at the same height.
2) The transparent soil technology adopted by the invention can achieve non-invasive observation of the three-dimensional displacement of the soil deformation form in the anchor-pull type structure.
3) According to the invention, the camera is adopted, and the displacement in the soil body is observed by processing the picture shot by the camera, so that the precision is higher, the time for preparing the sample and carrying out the test is shorter, and the improvement of the scientific research efficiency is facilitated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a transparent earth-based anchor plate pull test apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transparent soil-based anchor plate pull test apparatus system according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-front side, 2-left side, 3-groove, 4-back side, 5-opening, 6-soil retaining plate, 7-mold box base, 8-CCD industrial camera, 9-laser generator, 10-filling interior of mold box, 11-anchor rod, 12-slideway and 13-cover plate.
The spacing or dimensions between each other are exaggerated to show the location of the various parts, and the illustration is for illustrative purposes only.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the invention expressly state otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate correspondence with up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Term interpretation section: the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like in the present invention are to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" may be fixed, detachable, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms used in the present invention should be understood as having specific meanings to those skilled in the art.
As introduced by the background technology, aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a transparent soil model test device for drawing an anchor plate based on a transparent soil technology and a digital image technology, which can reduce the disturbance to a soil body when the anchor plate is installed in a model test, can achieve the effect of predicting a three-dimensional deformation field of the soil body by observing any tangent plane in the three-dimensional deformation process of the soil body, and can observe the displacement deformation of the soil body between plates in the horizontal double-anchor drawing process arranged at the same height.
Example 1
In a typical embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a transparent soil model test device for pulling an anchor plate comprises a soil filling model box, a soil blocking plate 6, an anchor rod 11, an anchor plate and a sealing plug, wherein the concrete connection relationship is that one side of the soil filling model box is an opening side, the soil blocking plate 6 is slidably mounted on the opening side of the soil filling model box, the anchor rod 11 passes through the soil blocking plate 6 and enters the soil filling model box, the anchor plate is mounted on the soil filling model box inside the opening side, the anchor rod 11 passes through the anchor plate, the soil blocking plate 6 is provided with a plurality of openings 5, and the plurality of openings 5 can be closed by the sealing plug.
More specifically, the whole model case that fills with earth is the cuboid, and four faces that its concrete has are bottom surface, leading flank 1, trailing flank 4 and the left surface 2 that accords with the position of cuboid respectively, and length direction is longer, and width, direction of height all are shorter relative length direction, but exist one side and be the opening, and the opening face is the top surface.
The front side face 1 and the left side face 2 are both made of organic glass plates, the rear side face 4 is made of an iron plate, the bottom face is made of a metal plate, the top side of the bottom face is provided with a plurality of grooves 3 capable of accommodating soil retaining plates 6, in order to prevent air from influencing the properties of transparent soil in the test process, a cover plate 13 made of organic glass materials with proper length and width is also arranged on the model box to isolate air, and the cover plate 13 is arranged on the top side of the soil filling model box; it will be appreciated that the cover plate 13 acts as the top surface of the earth-filled mould box after installation.
More specifically, in this embodiment, the bottom surface is provided with three tracks, and all three tracks can cooperate with the soil retaining plate 6 to the centre gripping soil retaining plate 6.
The earth-retaining plate 6 is provided with two rows of side-by-side openings 5, the size of which is matched with the sealing plug, and the sealing plug is used for isolating the influence of air on the transparency of the transparent soil.
As shown in FIG. 1, to ensure that the model test process is not excessively influenced by boundary conditions, the openings 5 are located at the middle and upper parts of the model box and are spaced from the bottom of the model box by a certain distance.
The anchor rod 11 main part is smooth round steel bar, and the diameter is less, and 11 tail ends of anchor rod set up certain screw thread section, consequently can fix the anchor slab, can avoid the stress concentration influence on the anchor slab in the model test from this. The anchor plate can be in various forms, expressed in the form of a strip-shaped anchor plate in fig. 1 and 2, the overall dimensions of which are larger in each direction than the screw section of the anchor rod 11. The surface of the filling model box pointed by the tail end of the anchor rod 11 is a transparent surface.
In addition, a slide 12 is arranged on the inner side of the top of the model box, so that a cover plate 13 can be inserted conveniently.
Example 2
In a typical implementation manner of the present invention, example 2 discloses an anchor plate drawing test system, which comprises the transparent soil-based anchor plate drawing test device described in example 1, and further comprises a laser generator and optical hardware equipment such as a camera, wherein laser emitted by the laser generator can enter the filling model box from the transparent surface of the filling model box, and the camera is arranged on the top surface and the side surface of the filling model box to take pictures in the filling model box.
The camera uses a CCD camera.
The laser generator is a continuous sheet laser or a continuous spot laser having a high power, and can be used as a sheet light source by being combined with an appropriate line generator.
Example 3
In a typical implementation manner of the present invention, example 3 discloses an anchor plate pull test method, which uses the anchor plate pull test system as described in example 2, and comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the prepared transparent soil is filled into the interior 10 of the mold box, and the anchor plate structure 11 is placed therein when filled to a corresponding height, and the exterior of the anchor is connected with an external loading device through the opening 5 of the soil guard plate. Plugging the opening 5 of the retaining plate, which is arranged on the surface of the retaining plate body 6 and has a vertical height lower than the required transparent soil filling height, by using the rubber plug, and placing a prefabricated backing plate (the length and the width of which are consistent with those of the existing groove) into the groove at the bottom of the model box;
the second step is that: after filling with transparent soil, mounting the cover plate 13 on the top of the interior 10 of the mold box along the reserved slide way 12, and thus ensuring that the cover plate 13 is tightly attached to the inner walls 1, 2 and 4 of the mold box, wherein the right side boundary of the cover plate 13 is consistent with the boundary of the mold box, and the bottom of the cover plate is attached to the top surface of the soil retaining plate body 6 at a position close to the right side;
the third step: after the cover plate is laid, the laser generator 9 is opened to preheat, and windows and the like in a laboratory are closed at the same time, so that the inside of the laboratory is darker. After preheating is finished, in a laboratory with dark light, the laser generator 9 can form a luminous tangent plane in the interior 10 of the model box and generate light spots, and the light generated by the laser generator can be only generated on one plane through the diffuser, so that light scattering is avoided; wherein, the tangent plane of a just preceding laser instrument can produce the horizontal direction, can shoot this planar speckle field through the CCD camera of the perpendicular top of model case, and left laser generator 9 can be at the anchor slab edge and generate a plane of plumb, and the CCD camera in the place ahead can be used for shooing the speckle field and the soil body displacement condition of this cross-section.
The fourth step: and after the speckle field in the model is stable, opening a switch of a loading device, starting to pull the anchor cable structure 11, starting a CCD industrial camera with a preset focus to automatically shoot the anchor cable structure, shooting a transparent soil speckle picture every 10-30 seconds, and then processing by using a PIV digital image processing technology to obtain the displacement field and vector diagram condition generated by the soil body of the anchor plate in the pulling process.
And fifthly, closing a shooting switch of the CCD camera, closing a loading device switch, storing pictures shot by the CCD camera, closing the laser generator, and arranging experimental equipment.
In the test process, the multi-factor variable analysis and integration can be carried out on the strain deformation state of the tensioned anchor plate by changing the embedding depth, the interaction of the double anchors and the single anchor, the anchor spacing of the double anchors at the same height and the like, so that the interaction between the anchor soil can be analyzed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The anchor plate drawing test device is characterized by comprising a soil filling model box, a soil blocking plate, an anchor rod, an anchor plate and a sealing plug, wherein one side surface of the soil filling model box is an opening side, the soil blocking plate is slidably mounted on the opening side of the soil filling model box, the anchor rod penetrates through the soil blocking plate and enters the soil filling model box, the anchor plate is mounted in the soil filling model box within the opening side, the anchor rod penetrates through the anchor plate, the soil blocking plate is provided with a plurality of openings, and the plurality of openings can be sealed by the sealing plug; the two sides of the filling model box are transparent.
2. The transparent soil-based anchor plate drawing test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top end face of the filling mold box is an open face, and the open face can be connected with a cover plate.
3. The transparent soil-based anchor plate pulling test device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cover plate is inserted into the open face of the top of the earth-filled mold box.
4. The transparent soil-based anchor plate pullout test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the earth-retaining plate is provided with a plurality of openings through which the anchor rods pass.
5. The transparent soil-based anchor plate pullout test apparatus of claim 3, wherein a plurality of the openings are arranged in the soil guard plate in a row.
6. The anchor plate drawing test device based on transparent soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the soil filling model box is provided with a plurality of grooves for mounting the soil retaining plates.
7. The transparent soil-based anchor plate drawing test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the earth-filled mold box surface to which the distal end of the anchor rod is directed is a transparent surface.
8. An anchor plate drawing test system comprising a transparent soil-based anchor plate drawing test apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a laser generator and a camera, wherein laser light emitted from the laser generator can enter the filling mold box from the transparent surface of the filling mold box, and the camera is disposed on the top surface and the side surface of the filling mold box to take pictures of the filling mold box.
9. An anchor plate drawing test method, characterized in that, the anchor plate drawing test system of claim 8 is used, a laser generator is used for irradiating transparent soil filled in a filling model box, a camera is used for shooting optical phenomena in the transparent soil, and pictures shot by the camera are processed to obtain the displacement field and vector diagram condition generated by the soil body of the anchor plate in the drawing process.
10. The anchor plate pull test method of claim 9, comprising the steps of: filling prepared transparent soil into the filling model box, putting an anchor plate into the filling model box when the filling model box is filled to a preset height, enabling the outer end of an anchor rod to penetrate through an opening of a soil retaining plate to be connected with an external loading device, sealing the soil retaining plate by using a rubber plug, and ensuring that the openings of the soil retaining plate of which the vertical height is lower than the required transparent soil filling height are filled with the rubber plug; placing the precast slabs with the length and width consistent with those of the filled model box into a groove at the bottom of the model box; after filling of the transparent soil is completed, mounting the cover plate on the top of the soil filling model box;
after the cover plate is laid, a thermal laser generator is preheated, and a dark environment suitable for an experiment is manufactured;
preheating a laser generator, wherein the laser generator forms a luminous section in the soil filling model box and generates light spots in a dark laboratory, wherein the laser generator positioned right ahead can generate a horizontal section, a camera at the vertical top of the model box can shoot a speckle field of the section, the laser generator positioned on the left side can generate a vertical plane at the edge of an anchor plate, and the camera positioned in front can be used for shooting the speckle field of the vertical plane and the soil displacement condition;
after the speckle field in the model is stable, opening a switch of a loading device, starting to pull the anchor cable structure, starting a camera with a preset focus to automatically shoot, and regularly shooting a transparent soil speckle picture;
and processing the photo to obtain the displacement field and vector diagram condition of the soil body generated by the anchor plate in the drawing process.
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Cited By (1)
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| JP7276789B1 (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2023-05-18 | 浙大城市学院 | Measurement method for pull-out force measurement test equipment based on marine pipeline anchor group action |
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