CN111948031A - Soil body direct shear test device considering water heating power salt coupling effect - Google Patents
Soil body direct shear test device considering water heating power salt coupling effect Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil body direct shear test device considering a water-thermal-salt coupling effect, which aims to solve the problem that the shear strength test of a soil body under the four-phase coupling effect of water-thermal-salt cannot be met, and comprises a box body, a direct shear instrument system, a loading system, a water-salt replenishment system, a temperature regulation system and a water-salt temperature monitoring system; the box body consists of a left box body, a middle box body and a right box body; the loading system comprises a vertical loading system and a horizontal loading system; the water salt temperature monitoring system comprises 2 plug-in water salt heat sensors; the water and salt supply system is arranged in the left box body, the direct shear apparatus system is arranged in the middle box body, and the water and salt supply system is connected with the direct shear apparatus system through a water and salt conduit; the vertical loading system is arranged on the top box wall of the middle box body; the horizontal loading system is arranged in the middle box body on the right side of the direct shear apparatus system; 2 plug-in water salt heat sensors are inserted into an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box in the direct shear apparatus system; the temperature control system is arranged in the right box body, wherein the evaporator extends into the middle box body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device belonging to the field of direct shear test research in a geotechnical chamber, in particular to a soil body direct shear test device capable of performing water-heating power salt four-phase coupling action.
Background
The shear strength of a soil body is a main research content in geotechnical engineering, and common engineering geological disasters are often related to the shear strength of the soil body. The method has the advantages that the width of the country is wide, the territory is wide, the soil body types are complex, the shearing strength characteristics are different under the influence of a temperature field, a water content field, a stress field and a salt content field, for example, seasonal frozen soil is widely distributed in China, and the area reaches 5.14 multiplied by 106km2The frozen water quantity and the unfrozen water quantity of the seasonally frozen soil are changed under the influence of temperature, so that the mechanical property of the frozen soil is influenced, meanwhile, a large number of salinized soil areas exist in the range of the seasonally frozen soil, and the quaternary salinized soil can cause shear strength changes in different degrees under the comprehensive action of a temperature field, a moisture field, a stress field and a salt field, so that the stability of a foundation and a building is influenced, and therefore, the research on the shear strength action mechanism under the hydrothermal force-salt coupling action of the soil body has important significance on the safety of geotechnical engineering.
At present, many soil shear strength test devices exist in China, but the test devices are single in function, limited in test conditions and incapable of meeting the shear strength test under the four-phase coupling effect of the water-heat power salt. Secondly, most of the test devices do not have a water and salt supply device, and the influence of the migration effect of water and salt on the shear strength of the soil body is not considered, so that the test devices are not consistent with the actual engineering phenomenon.
Therefore, the direct shear test device and the direct shear test method under the thermal salt coupling effect of the soil water can be considered, the shear strength of the soil is measured, the accuracy of the test result is improved, and the direct shear test device and the direct shear test method have important significance for scientific research and engineering construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing test device cannot meet the soil shear strength test under the four-phase coupling effect of the water-thermal-salt, and provides a soil direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of the water-thermal-salt.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of water, thermal and salt comprises a box body, a direct shear instrument system, a loading system, a water and salt replenishing system, a temperature regulating system and a water and salt temperature monitoring system;
the box body is a hollow cuboid-shaped closed shell part, the interior of the box body is divided into three independent parts by two vertical partition plates, and the three independent parts are called as a left box body, a middle box body and a right box body;
the loading system comprises a vertical loading system and a horizontal loading system;
the water and salt temperature monitoring system is 2 plug-in water and salt heat sensors with the same structure,
the water and salt supply system is arranged in the left box body, the direct shear apparatus system is arranged on the bottom of the box body in the middle box body through a horizontal sliding rail, and the water and salt supply system is connected with a movable cover plate in the direct shear apparatus system through a water and salt guide pipe; the vertical loading system is arranged on the outer side of the box top wall of the middle box body through a rigid reaction frame, and the lower end of the vertical loading system is in contact connection with a movable cover plate in the direct shear apparatus system; the horizontal loading system is arranged on the bottom of the middle box body on the right side of the direct shear apparatus system; 2 plug-in water-salt heat sensors with the same structure are inserted into 6 monitoring through holes with the same structure on an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box in the direct shear apparatus system; the temperature control system is arranged in the right box body, and an evaporator in the temperature control system extends into the middle box body.
In the technical scheme, a left box body in the box body is divided into an upper space and a lower space by a horizontal partition plate, a through hole is formed in a vertical partition plate between the left box body and a middle box body, a central through hole with the diameter equal to that of a thrust rod of a No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the center of the top box wall of the middle box body, threaded through holes for mounting a rigid reaction frame are formed in the periphery of the central through hole, the right box body is formed by welding low-carbon steel plates, the right side wall of the right box body is fixed with the top wall, the lower box bottom and the front and rear side walls of the box body through bolts, the right box body is divided into an upper space and a lower space; the left box and the well box leading flank are equipped with the single door that opens respectively, and the single material that opens of left box is toughened glass, and the single material that opens of well box is the stainless steel, and it has observable window to open on the single door, and the window is inlayed and is had thermal-insulated organic glass, and well box inner wall is posted and is reduced the polyurethane foamed plastic that the heat scatters and disappears.
The direct shear apparatus system in the technical scheme also comprises an upper shear box, a lower shear box and a baffle; the baffle is L-shaped, namely consists of a long arm end and a short arm end, one end of the long arm end is vertically connected with one end of the short arm end, and the baffle is made of stainless steel; the upper shearing box is placed at the top end of the lower shearing box and aligned, the short arm end of the baffle plate is fixed on the inner wall of the left box wall of the middle box body by adopting a bolt, the outer wall of the left box wall of the upper shearing box is in contact connection with the right end face of the baffle plate, and the bottom of the long arm end of the baffle plate is not lower than the bottom end face of the upper shearing box; the movable cover plate is arranged in an opening at the upper end of the upper shearing box, and the movable cover plate and the upper shearing box are in sliding fit; the horizontal sliding rail is arranged at the center of the box bottom in the middle box body, the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box are placed on the horizontal sliding rail, and the bottom end face of the lower shearing box is in sliding contact connection with the horizontal sliding rail.
According to the technical scheme, the upper shearing box is a cuboid ring-shaped structural member with an opening at the upper end and an opening at the lower end, the lower shearing box is a cuboid ring-shaped structural member with a closed lower end and a hollow interior, the structural sizes of the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box are equal, 3 monitoring through holes with the sizes of 20 mm-25 mm are uniformly arranged in the centers of the front side walls of the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box, the upper shearing box and the monitoring through holes in the lower shearing box are corresponding to each other in the vertical direction, the monitoring through holes in the upper shearing box and the monitoring through holes in the lower shearing box are distributed in the horizontal direction, and the central distance between the upper shearing box and the adjacent 2 monitoring through; the movable cover plate is a rectangular stainless steel plate piece with equal thickness, the size of the movable cover plate is smaller than the size of an opening at the upper end of the upper shearing box, and 2 water-salt through holes which are the same in structure and are used for being connected with a water-salt conduit in the water-salt replenishing system are uniformly formed in the movable cover plate.
The vertical loading system in the technical scheme further comprises a No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder and a No. 1 pressure sensor; the rigid reaction frame is horizontally fixed on the outer side wall of the top box wall of the middle box body by adopting a nut, the No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed on the rigid reaction frame, a thrust rod of the No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder is inserted into a thrust rod through hole and a central through hole on the rigid reaction frame and the middle box body, the No. 1 pressure sensor is installed on the end head of the thrust rod, the rotation center line of the No. 1 pressure sensor is collinear with the rotation center line of the thrust rod in the No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder, and the vertical loading system is positioned right above the direct shear instrument system; the horizontal loading system comprises a No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder, a No. 2 pressure sensor and a displacement sensor; no. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder adopt the support mounting in the well box on lower shearing box right side in the direct shear appearance system, No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder is adjusted well perpendicularly with the right box wall of lower shearing box, No. 2 pressure sensor installs on No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder's distance rod's end, No. 2 pressure sensor's centre of rotation line and No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder in the centre of rotation line collineation of distance rod, displacement sensor installs on the outer wall of lower shearing box left side box wall.
The loading system in the technical scheme further comprises a data acquisition instrument and a hydraulic system; the hydraulic system comprises a motor, a hydraulic pump, a control valve and an oil tank; the motor, the hydraulic pump, the control valve and the oil tank are positioned below the horizontal partition plate of the left box body, the oil tank is connected with an inlet pipeline of the hydraulic pump, and an inlet and an outlet of the hydraulic system are respectively connected with an inlet and an outlet pipeline on the No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder of the vertical loading system and the No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder of the horizontal loading system; the hydraulic system adopts a small standardized hydraulic station which is produced by Han Lida company and has the model number YZBW 40-B0.75-2-1; the data acquisition instrument adopts a data acquisition instrument with the model of imc CRONOS SL, the data acquisition instrument is positioned below the horizontal partition plate of the left box body, and the interface end of the data acquisition instrument is connected with the interface ends of the 1 # pressure sensor and the 2 # pressure sensor and the displacement sensor.
The water salt replenishing system in the technical scheme comprises a salt solution tank, a valve and a water salt conduit; the salt solution tank is a cuboid container with the top end capable of being opened and is formed by welding 316 stainless steel, a through hole is formed in the bottom of the side face of the salt solution tank, the through hole is connected with one end of a section of stainless steel short pipe in a welding mode, the other end of the stainless steel short pipe is connected with one end of a main pipe of the water salt guide pipe, and the joint of the stainless steel short pipe and the main pipe of the water salt guide pipe is fixed through a hoop; the salt solution case is placed on the horizontal partition board in the left box body, and the bottom of the case is higher than the upper shed of last shearing box, and the salt and water pipe is divided into two branch pipes and 2 salt and water through-holes on the removal apron of staight scissors appearance system in the middle and middle box body through the through-hole on the vertical baffle of left side in the box body through the valve and is connected.
The temperature regulation and control system in the technical scheme comprises a compressor, a condenser pipe, a capillary tube, an evaporator and a temperature controller; the condenser is a galvanized steel pipe, and consists of a straight pipe and three sections of continuous U-shaped pipes, the condenser is paved on the inner side wall of the rear box wall above and below the horizontal partition plate of the right box body, the outlet of the compressor is connected with the inlet end of the condenser pipe passing through the horizontal partition plate, the outlet end of the condenser pipe is connected with the inlet end of a capillary pipe, the outlet end of the capillary pipe is connected with the inlet end of an evaporator which is paved on the inner side wall of the rear box wall of the middle box body and passes through a vertical partition plate between the middle box body and the right box body, and the outlet end of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through the vertical partition plate between the middle box body and the right box; the temperature controller is installed on the inside wall of the rear box wall below the horizontal partition plate in the left box body, and the wiring end of the temperature controller is connected with the wiring end of the compressor.
The water and salt temperature monitoring system in the technical scheme is characterized in that the water and salt temperature monitoring system comprises 2 inserted water and salt heat sensors with the same structure, the 2 inserted water and salt heat sensors with the same structure adopt a soil water and salt heat tachymeter with the model number of RD1200, and the 2 water and salt heat sensors with the same structure are inserted into monitoring through holes in an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box in the direct shear apparatus system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the soil body direct shear test device considering the water-heat-salt coupling effect is provided with the water-salt supply system and the temperature regulation system, can measure the shear strength of a soil body under the water-heat-salt four-phase coupling effect, and overcomes the defect that the shear strength of the soil body under the multi-field coupling effect cannot be simulated simultaneously in the prior art;
2. the soil body direct shear test device considering the water-thermal-salt coupling effect can consider the water-salt replenishment condition and simulate the water and salt migration phenomenon of a soil body under a natural environment, and the direct shear test of the device can better accord with the soil body shearing condition under the natural condition, so that the test accuracy is improved.
3. The water-salt replenishment system and the temperature regulation and control system which are arranged in the soil body direct shear test device considering the water-thermal-salt coupling effect can realize the soil body direct shear test under different temperatures and different soil body types, and the device is a multifunctional indoor simulation direct shear test device.
4. The water-salt heat sensor arranged in the soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of water, thermal salt and heat can collect water, salt and temperature data in a soil body sample in real time, and has important significance for the research of a temperature field and a water-salt migration rule in the direct shear test process.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a front view of the structural components of the soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of water, thermal and salt;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the structural components of the soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of water, thermal and salt;
FIG. 3 is an axial side projection view of the box structure of the soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of water, thermal and salt;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a top view of a thermal insulation structure of a box body in the soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of water, thermal salt and the like according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the movable cover plate structure in the soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of water, thermal salt and the like according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a water salt thermal sensor in the soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of water thermal salt;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a box body, 2 parts of an upper shearing box, 3 parts of a lower shearing box, 4 parts of a baffle, 5 parts of a horizontal sliding rail, 6 parts of a movable cover plate, 7 parts of a water salt through hole, 8 parts of a rigid reaction frame, 9.1 parts of a servo hydraulic cylinder, 10.1 parts of a pressure sensor, 11.2 parts of a servo hydraulic cylinder, 12.2 parts of a pressure sensor, 13 parts of a displacement sensor, 14 parts of a salt solution box, 15 parts of a water salt guide pipe, 16 parts of a valve, 17 parts of a compressor, 18 parts of a condenser pipe, 19 parts of a capillary pipe, 20 parts of an evaporator, 21 parts of a monitoring through hole, 22 parts of a data acquisition instrument, 23 parts of a temperature controller, 24 parts of a hydraulic system and.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
referring to fig. 1, the soil body direct shear test device capable of considering the coupling effect of the water field, the temperature field, the stress field and the salt field comprises a box body 1, a direct shear instrument system, a loading system, a water and salt replenishing system, a temperature regulating system and a water and salt temperature monitoring system.
the direct shear apparatus system positioned in the middle box body comprises an upper shear box 2, a lower shear box 3, a baffle 4, a movable cover plate 6 and a horizontal slide rail 5;
the upper shearing box 2 is a cuboid annular structural member with openings at the upper end and the lower end, the lower shearing box 3 is a cuboid box structural member with an opening at the upper end and a closed lower end and a hollow interior, the structural dimensions of the upper shearing box 2 are equal to those of the lower shearing box 3, 3 monitoring through holes 21 with the thickness of 20 mm-25 mm are uniformly arranged in the centers of the front side walls of the upper shearing box 2 and the lower shearing box 3, the monitoring through holes 21 on the upper shearing box 2 and the lower shearing box 3 correspond to each other in the vertical direction, the monitoring through holes 21 on the upper shearing box 2 and the lower shearing box 3 are distributed along the horizontal direction, and the central distance between every two adjacent monitoring through holes 21 is 10 mm;
the baffle 4 is L-shaped, namely consists of a long arm end and a short arm end, the long arm end is vertically connected with one end of the short arm end, the material is stainless steel, the short arm end of the baffle 4 is fixed on the inner wall of the left box wall of the middle box body by adopting a hexagon bolt, the outer wall of the left box wall of the upper shearing box 2 is in contact connection with the right end surface of the baffle 4, so that the upper shearing box 2 is kept in a fixed position in the horizontal direction in the test process, and the bottom of the long arm end of the baffle 4 is not lower than the bottom end surface of the upper shearing box 2;
the movable cover plate 6 is a rectangular stainless steel plate with equal thickness, is placed at the top of the upper shearing box 2, has a size smaller than the opening size of the upper shearing box 2, is in sliding fit with the upper shearing box 2, can move up and down along with the deformation of a soil body in the vertical loading process, and is provided with 2 water-salt through holes 7 with the diameter of 2mm on the surface of the movable cover plate 6 for connecting with a water-salt conduit 15 of a water-salt replenishing system;
the horizontal sliding rail 5 is composed of 10 pulleys with the same structure and 2 stainless steel guide rails with the same structure, the 2 stainless steel guide rails with the same structure are fixed in the center of the bottom of the middle box body, a stainless steel pin shaft with certain rigidity is inserted in the center of each pulley, the pulleys and the stainless steel pin shaft are in rotating connection, two ends of each stainless steel pin shaft are fixed on the stainless steel guide rails through bolts, the lowest point of each pulley is not in contact with the bottom of the middle box body, the highest point of each pulley is higher than the upper surfaces of the 2 stainless steel guide rails with the same structure to guarantee rotation of each pulley, the horizontal sliding rail 5 is located below the lower shearing box 3, and the horizontal sliding rail are in sliding connection.
The loading system comprises a vertical loading system, a horizontal loading system, a data acquisition instrument 22 and a hydraulic system 24; the vertical loading system comprises a rigid reaction frame 8, a No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder 9 and a No. 1 pressure sensor 10, and the horizontal loading system comprises a No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder 11, a No. 2 pressure sensor 12 and a displacement sensor 13;
referring to fig. 2, the rigid reaction frame 8 is composed of a rectangular plate and four upright posts, the rectangular plate and the four upright posts are equal in thickness, the material is stainless steel, the diameters of the two ends of each upright post are smaller than that of the middle rod, threaded rods with external threads are arranged at the two ends of each upright post, threaded holes are axially arranged at the two ends of each upright post, the rotation axis of each threaded hole is collinear with that of each upright post, through holes with the same diameter as that of the threaded rods at the two ends of each upright post are respectively arranged at the four corners of the rectangular plate and the top box wall of the middle box body, the through holes at the four corners of each rectangular plate are provided with threaded holes, the upright posts are screwed with the top box wall of the middle box body, the through holes at the four corners of each rectangular plate are sleeved on the threaded rods at the upper ends of the four upright posts and are fixed; the rectangular plate of the rigid reaction frame and the center of the top box wall of the middle box body are provided with a thrust rod through hole and a center through hole which have the same diameter as the thrust rod of the No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder 9, and the thrust rod can apply acting force to the movable cover plate 6 through the thrust rod through hole.
The No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder 9 and the No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder 11 adopt light pull rod hydraulic cylinders which are produced by Hanlida company and have the model number of MOB-R-D-32X16X 100; the No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder 9 is vertically fixed on the rigid reaction frame 8, and a thrust rod of the No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder 9 is inserted into a thrust rod through hole and a central through hole on the rigid reaction frame 8 and the middle box body, can freely stretch and retract, acts vertical pressure on the movable cover plate 6 and transmits the vertical pressure to a soil body;
the No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder 11 is placed in the middle box body, the No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder 11 is aligned and vertical to the right box wall of the lower shearing box 3, and is horizontally fixed on the bracket to provide a horizontal load for the direct shear apparatus system;
the No. 1 pressure sensor 10 is arranged on the end head of a thrust rod (piston rod) of the No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder 9, records vertical pressure acting on a soil body, and adopts a TJP-1 strain type pressure sensor with the measuring range of 0-2 Mpa;
the No. 2 pressure sensor 12 is arranged on the end head of the thrust rod of the No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder 11, a TJP-1 strain type pressure sensor is selected, and the measuring range is 0-1 Mpa;
the displacement sensor 13 adopts a TWYDC-02 resistance type displacement sensor, is positioned on the outer wall of the left box wall of the lower shearing box 3, adopts a matched accessory with the displacement sensor 13 to be installed on the lower shearing box 3, and the measuring range is 0-300 mm.
The data acquisition instrument 22 is positioned below the horizontal partition plate of the left box body, the data acquisition instrument with the model of imc CRONOS SL is adopted, the automatic acquisition and storage functions are achieved, the interface ends of the No. 1 pressure sensor 10, the No. 2 pressure sensor 12 and the displacement sensor 13 are directly connected with the interface end of the data acquisition instrument 22, and test data can be acquired in real time.
The hydraulic system 24 comprises a motor, a hydraulic pump, a control valve and an oil tank; the motor, the hydraulic pump, the control valve and the oil tank are positioned below the horizontal partition plate of the left box body, the oil tank is connected with an inlet pipeline of the hydraulic pump, two inlets and outlets of a hydraulic system 24 are respectively connected with inlet and outlet oil pipes on a No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder 9 and a No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder 11, and the hydraulic system adopts a small-sized standardized hydraulic station with the model YZBW40-B0.75-2-1 produced by Han dynasty company
The water and salt replenishing system in the left box body comprises a salt solution box 14, a water and salt conduit 15 and a valve 16;
the salt solution tank 14 is a cuboid container with an openable upper part, a through hole is formed in the bottom of the side surface of the salt solution tank 14, the through hole is connected with one end of a stainless steel short pipe in a welding mode, the other end of the stainless steel short pipe is inserted into one end of a water salt guide pipe 15 to be connected, and the connecting position is fixed by a clamp which is commercially available; the salt solution tank 14 is arranged on a horizontal partition plate in the left tank body, the bottom of the tank is higher than the upper opening of the upper shearing box 2, and the salt solution tank is formed by welding 316 stainless steel;
The valve 16 is positioned in the left box body, is arranged at the middle position of the water outlet of the main pipe of the water-salt conduit 15 and the joint of the three-way plastic pipe of the water pipe, is made of a PVC ball valve and can control the water flow in the water-salt conduit 15;
the temperature regulating and controlling system positioned in the middle box body and the right box body comprises a compressor 17, a condenser pipe 18, a capillary tube 19, an evaporator 20 and a temperature controller 23;
the compressor 17 is an Aspalal B5170A Enbraco compressor, the refrigeration temperature is-20-10 ℃, the compressor is positioned on the bottom of the box below the horizontal partition plate of the right box body, the outlet of the compressor 17 is connected with the inlet end of the condensation pipe 18 passing through the horizontal partition plate, the compressor 17 compresses the refrigerant in the machine into high-temperature high-pressure steam, and the terminal of the compressor 17 is connected with the terminal of the temperature controller positioned below the horizontal partition plate of the left box body.
The condenser pipe 18 is a galvanized steel pipe, the condenser pipe 18 consists of a straight pipe and three sections of continuous U-shaped pipes, the straight pipe and the three sections of continuous U-shaped pipes are laid on the inner side wall of the rear box wall above the horizontal partition plate of the right box body, and the condenser pipe 18 condenses high-temperature and high-pressure steam discharged by the compressor 17 into liquid refrigerant;
the capillary tube 19 is a section of steel tube with the inner diameter of 0.3-0.5 mm, and is laid on the inner side wall of the rear box wall above the horizontal partition plate of the right box body, the inlet end of the capillary tube 19 is welded with the outlet end of the condenser tube 18, so that the transition connection between the capillary tube 19 and the condenser tube 18 is realized, and the temperature of a liquid refrigerant output by the condenser tube 18 is further reduced by the capillary tube 19;
the evaporator 20 is made of aluminum pipes and is composed of continuous right-angle pipes, the evaporator 20 is laid on the inner side wall of the rear box wall above the middle box body, a pipeline of the evaporator 20 is inserted into a through hole of a vertical partition plate between the middle box body and the right box body, the inlet end of the evaporator 20 is connected with the outlet end of the capillary tube 19, the outlet end of the evaporator 20 is connected with the inlet end of the compressor 17, liquid refrigerant in the evaporator 20 absorbs heat in the middle box body to be vaporized, the temperature in the middle box body is further reduced, and the refrigerant becomes high-temperature low-pressure gas and continuously flows back to the compressor 17 for circulating refrigeration.
The temperature controller 23 model be RSA-252 Redsun/converge and give birth to the temperature controller, on the inside wall of the back tank wall of the horizontal baffle below of embedding left box, the temperature controller 23 terminal is connected with compressor 17 terminal, the box temperature in the temperature controller 23 accessible control compressor operation adjusts realizes temperature switching, regulation and demonstration.
The water and salt temperature monitoring system comprises 2 plug-in water and salt heat sensors 25 with the same structure, a soil water and salt heat tachymeter with the model number of RD1200 is adopted in the embodiment, data can be automatically collected and stored, and the 2 water and salt heat sensors 25 with the same structure are inserted into monitoring through holes 21 in the upper shearing box 2 and the lower shearing box 3 before the test is started, and the water and salt temperature change of each part of a soil body in the test process is recorded.
The soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of water, thermal and salt is operated as follows:
1. the doors of the left box body and the middle box body are opened, and the saline solution is added into the saline solution tank 14 of the left box body;
2. putting permeable stones at the bottom of the lower shearing box 3, aligning and fixing the upper and lower shearing boxes, ramming soil samples into the upper and lower shearing boxes in a layering manner, opening the door of the middle box body, putting the upper shearing box 2 and the lower shearing box 3 which are filled with soil samples into the middle box body, and tightly attaching the upper shearing box 2 to the baffle 4;
3. covering the upper shearing box 2 with the movable cover plate 6, and installing the displacement sensor 13 on the outer side of the left box wall of the lower shearing box 3 by adopting a matched accessory;
4. inserting 2 inserted water-salt heat sensors 25 with the same structure into a soil body sample through monitoring through holes 21 on an upper shearing box 2 and a lower shearing box 3;
5. connecting 2 branch pipe ends of the salt conduit 15 with the salt through hole 7, and closing the left box door and the middle box door;
6. opening a valve 16 to supplement water and salt into the soil body, so that the water and salt in the soil body meet the test requirements;
7. adjusting the temperature in the box body set by the temperature controller 23 to enable the temperature in the soil body to reach the test requirement;
8. opening the hydraulic system 24, starting the vertical loading system and the horizontal loading system, and acquiring loading information and displacement values in the experiment process by the data acquisition instrument 22;
9. the reading of the water salt heat sensor 25 is recorded until the test soil sample is sheared off, and the test is stopped.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustration in conjunction with the present manufacturing process, and does not limit the present structure, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in the present invention, for example, combinations of a plurality of the present entities, and changes in the materials used, and the like. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A soil body direct shear test device considering water-heating power salt coupling effect is characterized by comprising a box body (1), a direct shear instrument system, a loading system, a water salt replenishment system, a temperature regulation system and a water salt temperature monitoring system;
the box body (1) is a hollow cuboid-shaped closed shell part, the interior of the box body (1) is divided into three independent parts by two vertical partition plates, and the three independent parts are called a left box body, a middle box body and a right box body;
the loading system comprises a vertical loading system and a horizontal loading system;
the water and salt temperature monitoring system is 2 plug-in water and salt heat sensors (25) with the same structure,
the water and salt supply system is arranged in the left box body, the direct shear apparatus system is arranged on the bottom of the middle box body through a horizontal sliding rail (5) in the direct shear apparatus system, and the water and salt supply system is connected with a movable cover plate (6) in the direct shear apparatus system through a water and salt guide pipe (15); the vertical loading system is arranged on the outer side of the box top wall of the middle box body through a rigid reaction frame (8) in the vertical loading system, and the lower end of the vertical loading system is in contact connection with a movable cover plate (6) in the direct shear apparatus system; the horizontal loading system is arranged on the bottom of the middle box body on the right side of the direct shear apparatus system; 2 plug-in water-salt heat sensors (25) with the same structure are inserted into 6 monitoring through holes (21) with the same structure on an upper shearing box (2) and a lower shearing box (3) in the direct shear apparatus system; the temperature control system is arranged in the right box body, and an evaporator (20) in the temperature control system extends into the middle box body.
2. The soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of water, thermal salt and water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the left box body in the box body (1) is divided into an upper space and a lower space by a horizontal partition plate, a through hole is formed in a vertical partition plate between the left box body and the middle box body, a central through hole with the diameter equal to that of a thrust rod of a No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder (9) is arranged in the center of the top box wall of the middle box body, threaded through holes for mounting a rigid reaction frame (8) are formed in the periphery of the central through hole, the right box body is formed by welding low carbon steel plates, the right side wall of the right box body is fixed with the top wall, the bottom of the lower box body and the front and rear side walls through bolts, the right box body is divided into the upper space and the lower space by the; the left box and the well box leading flank are equipped with the single door that opens respectively, and the single material that opens of left box is toughened glass, and the single material that opens of well box is the stainless steel, and it has observable window to open on the single door, and the window is inlayed and is had thermal-insulated organic glass, and well box inner wall is posted and is reduced the polyurethane foamed plastic that the heat scatters and disappears.
3. The soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of the water-thermal-salt, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the direct shear apparatus system further comprises an upper shear box (2), a lower shear box (3) and a baffle (4);
the baffle (4) is L-shaped, namely consists of a long arm end and a short arm end, one end of the long arm end is vertically connected with one end of the short arm end, and the material is stainless steel;
the upper shearing box (2) is installed at the top end of the lower shearing box (3) and aligned, the short arm end of the baffle (4) is fixed on the inner wall of the left box wall of the middle box body by bolts, the outer wall of the left box wall of the upper shearing box (2) is in contact connection with the right end face of the baffle (4), and the bottom of the long arm end of the baffle (4) is not lower than the bottom end face of the upper shearing box (2); the movable cover plate (6) is arranged in an opening at the upper end of the upper shearing box (2), and the movable cover plate and the upper shearing box are in sliding fit; the horizontal sliding rail (5) is arranged at the center of the box bottom in the middle box body, the upper shearing box (2) and the lower shearing box (3) are arranged on the horizontal sliding rail (5), and the bottom end face of the lower shearing box (3) is connected with the horizontal sliding rail (5) in a sliding contact manner.
4. The soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of water thermal salt according to claim 1 or 3, the device is characterized in that the upper shearing box (2) is open at the upper end and the lower end, the lower shearing box (3) is open at the upper end, the lower end is closed, the structure size of the upper shearing box (2) is equal to that of the lower shearing box (3), 3 monitoring through holes (21) with the size of 20-25 mm are uniformly formed in the centers of the front side walls of the upper shearing box (2) and the lower shearing box (3), the upper shearing box (2) corresponds to the monitoring through holes (21) in the lower shearing box (3) in the vertical direction, the monitoring through holes (21) in the upper shearing box (2) and the lower shearing box (3) are distributed in the horizontal direction, and the central distance between the upper shearing box (2) and the adjacent 2 monitoring through holes (21) in the lower shearing box (3) is 10 mm;
the movable cover plate (6) is a rectangular stainless steel plate with equal thickness, the size of the movable cover plate is smaller than the size of an opening at the upper end of the upper shearing box (2), and 2 water-salt through holes (7) which have the same structure and are used for being connected with a water-salt conduit (15) in a water-salt replenishing system are uniformly arranged on the movable cover plate (6).
5. The soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of the water, the thermal salt and the salt is characterized in that the vertical loading system further comprises a No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder (9) and a No. 1 pressure sensor (10);
the rigid reaction frame (8) is horizontally fixed on the outer side wall of the top box wall of the middle box body by adopting a nut, the No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder (9) is vertically fixed on the rigid reaction frame (8), a thrust rod of the No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder (9) is inserted into a thrust rod through hole and a central through hole on the rigid reaction frame (8) and the middle box body, the No. 1 pressure sensor (10) is installed on the end head of the thrust rod, the rotation center line of the No. 1 pressure sensor (10) is collinear with the rotation center line of the thrust rod in the No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder (9), and the vertical loading system is positioned right above the direct shear apparatus system;
the horizontal loading system comprises a No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder (11), a No. 2 pressure sensor (12) and a displacement sensor (13);
no. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder (11) adopt the support mounting in the well box on lower shearing box (3) right side in the direct shear appearance system, No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder (11) are adjusted well perpendicularly with the right box wall of lower shearing box (3), No. 2 pressure sensor (12) are installed on the tip of the distance rod of No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder (11), the centre of gyration line of No. 2 pressure sensor (12) and the centre of gyration line collineation of distance rod in No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder (11), displacement sensor (13) are installed on the outer wall of the box wall of the left side of lower shearing box (3).
6. The soil body direct shear test device considering water thermal salt coupling effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein said loading system further comprises a data acquisition instrument (22) and a hydraulic system (24);
the hydraulic system (24) comprises a motor, a hydraulic pump, a control valve and an oil tank; the motor, the hydraulic pump, the control valve and the oil tank are positioned below the horizontal partition plate of the left box body, the oil tank is connected with an inlet pipeline of the hydraulic pump, and an inlet and an outlet of the hydraulic system (24) are respectively connected with two inlet and outlet pipelines on the No. 1 servo hydraulic cylinder (9) of the vertical loading system and the No. 2 servo hydraulic cylinder (11) of the horizontal loading system; the hydraulic system (24) adopts a small standardized hydraulic station with model number YZBW40-B0.75-2-1 produced by Henrida
The data acquisition instrument (22) adopts a data acquisition instrument with the model of imc CRONOS SL, the data acquisition instrument (22) is positioned below the horizontal partition plate of the left box body, and the interface end of the data acquisition instrument (22) is connected with the interface ends of the 1 # pressure sensor (10) and the 2 # pressure sensor (12) and the displacement sensor (13).
7. The soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of water, thermal and mechanical salts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water and salt replenishment system comprises a salt solution tank (14), a valve (16) and a water and salt conduit (15);
the salt solution tank (14) is a cuboid container with the top end capable of being opened and is formed by welding 316 stainless steel, a through hole is formed in the bottom of the side face of the salt solution tank (14), the through hole is connected with one end of a section of stainless steel short pipe in a welding mode, the other end of the stainless steel short pipe is connected with one end of a main pipe of the water salt guide pipe (15), and the joint of the stainless steel short pipe and the main pipe of the water salt guide pipe (15) is fixed through a hoop;
the salt solution box (14) is arranged on a horizontal partition board in the left box body, the bottom of the box body is higher than an upper opening of the upper shearing box (2), and the water and salt guide pipe (15) is divided into two branch pipes through a valve (16) and a through hole on a vertical partition board on the left side in the box body (1) and is connected with 2 water and salt through holes (7) on a movable cover plate (6) of the direct shear apparatus system in the middle box body.
8. The soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of the water thermal salt and the heat salt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature regulation system comprises a compressor (17), a condenser pipe (18), a capillary pipe (19), an evaporator (20) and a temperature controller (23);
the condenser (17) is arranged on the bottom in the right box body, the condenser (18) is a galvanized steel pipe, the condenser (18) is composed of a straight pipe and three sections of continuous U-shaped pipes, the condenser (18) is paved on the inner side wall of the rear box wall above and below the horizontal partition plate of the right box body, the outlet of the compressor (17) is connected with the inlet end of the condenser (18) passing through the horizontal partition plate, the outlet end of the condenser (18) is connected with the inlet end of the capillary (19), the outlet end of the capillary (19) is connected with the inlet end of an evaporator (20) which is paved on the inner side wall of the rear box wall of the middle box body and passes through the vertical partition plate between the middle box body and the right box body, and the outlet end of the evaporator (20) is connected with the inlet of the compressor (17) through the vertical partition plate; the temperature controller (23) is arranged on the inner side wall of the rear box wall below the horizontal partition plate in the left box body, and the wiring end of the temperature controller (23) is connected with the wiring end of the compressor (17).
9. The soil body direct shear test device considering the coupling effect of the water-thermal-salt, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water-salt temperature monitoring system is 2 inserted water-salt thermal sensors (25) with the same structure, the 2 inserted water-salt thermal sensors (25) with the same structure adopt a soil water-salt thermal tachymeter with model number RD1200, and the 2 water-salt thermal sensors (25) with the same structure are inserted into the monitoring through holes (21) on the upper shear box (2) and the lower shear box (3) in the direct shear system.
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