CN111947345A - Water refrigeration method and water refrigeration device using porous material - Google Patents
Water refrigeration method and water refrigeration device using porous material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111947345A CN111947345A CN202010694536.3A CN202010694536A CN111947345A CN 111947345 A CN111947345 A CN 111947345A CN 202010694536 A CN202010694536 A CN 202010694536A CN 111947345 A CN111947345 A CN 111947345A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B19/00—Machines, plants or systems, using evaporation of a refrigerant but without recovery of the vapour
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of refrigeration, and particularly relates to a water refrigeration method and a water refrigeration device by utilizing a porous material. The method adopts the nano-scale porous material, so that the medium water enters the pores when flowing through the porous material to form the medium water with large specific surface area, and the medium water in the pores is evaporated and takes away heat under the action of vacuum pumping by matching with a sealing cavity arranged outside the porous material, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the temperature of the porous material, reducing the temperature of the medium water and reducing the temperature of the medium water, achieving the cooling and refrigerating purposes of the medium water, and simultaneously achieving the purpose of adjusting and controlling the refrigerating effect by controlling factors such as the pore diameter, the porosity, the tube wall, the external force and the like. The refrigeration method has the advantages of simple operation, easily obtained raw materials and environmental protection, can finish the refrigeration effect by using water, and can be widely applied to various refrigeration fields.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of refrigeration, and particularly relates to a water refrigeration method and a water refrigeration device by utilizing a porous material.
Background
In the refrigeration industry, water chilling units are classified into air-cooled water chilling units and water-cooled water chilling units according to different cooling modes, and further classified into screw type water chilling units, scroll type water chilling units and piston type water chilling units according to different compressor types. Although the above forms are different, freon, ammonia, or the like is often used as a refrigerant, the refrigerant is made liquid under high pressure by a compression method, heat is taken away by circulating water or wind, then the pressure is reduced by a throttling method, the refrigerant is evaporated into gas in an evaporator, and heat absorbed by the refrigerant during evaporation is taken away by a secondary refrigerant (water), thereby achieving the purpose of refrigeration. However, the refrigerating unit relates to the compression and evaporation of the refrigerant, the working pressure is generally above 1.0MPA, the risk is high, once overpressure occurs in the operation process, safety accidents such as explosion of a pressure container are easily caused, the safety hazard is high, a part of the refrigerant has certain irritation, such as ammonia, and the like, the requirements on maintenance and construction are high, once leakage occurs, serious pollution is caused to the atmosphere and the surrounding environment, meanwhile, the energy consumption is high because the refrigerant needs to be further compressed, cooled and circulated after evaporation, and various components such as an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor and the like are involved, and a large amount of energy needs to be additionally provided.
The water is a rich resource which is easy to obtain in nature, and compared with other refrigerants, the water-cooled air conditioner has the characteristics of safety, environmental protection, no toxicity, low cost and the like, the water air conditioner commonly used in the market at present, namely the water-cooled air conditioner, is characterized in that after water in a water tank is pumped out, the water is contacted with high-temperature air through a water distribution system to evaporate and absorb heat so as to take away heat in the air, so that the air temperature is reduced, and the water-cooled air conditioner has the advantages of low energy consumption and environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide a water refrigeration method and a water refrigeration device by utilizing a porous material.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a water refrigeration method using a porous material is characterized in that when a medium flows through any surface of the porous material, the medium is filled into pores of the porous material due to capillary action and has a large specific surface area, and under the action of an external force of a preset environment, the temperature of the medium is reduced based on the principle that the medium with the large specific surface area in the porous material evaporates to take away heat, so that the refrigeration purpose is achieved, wherein the medium is water.
Preferably, the porous material is a nanoporous material.
Preferably, the nano-porous material comprises nano-metal and nano-ceramic, and more preferably, the nano-porous material is nano-porous silicon carbide ceramic.
Preferably, the predetermined environment is provided on the opposite side of the medium flow-through face.
Preferably, the preset environment is a sealed cavity, the sealed cavity is communicated with the space of the input port of the air pump, and when the pressure in the sealed cavity is reduced to the saturated water vapor pressure corresponding to the ambient temperature under the air pumping action of the air pump, the medium in the porous material is evaporated to take away heat; more preferably, the suction pump is a vacuum pump.
Preferably, the external force is the acting force generated by the air suction pump for sucking air from the sealed cavity outwards.
The principle of the water refrigeration method by utilizing the porous material is that when medium water flows through the porous material, the medium water is filled into the pores of the porous material due to the capillary action, so that the medium water in the pores has a large specific surface area, under the action of vacuum pumping, the absolute pressure in a sealing cavity on the other surface of the porous material, opposite to the medium water flowing surface, of the other surface of the porous material is reduced to be saturated water vapor pressure corresponding to the ambient temperature, and the gas flowing speed in the sealing cavity is accelerated, so that the medium water with the large specific surface area in the porous material is evaporated, a large amount of heat is taken away, the temperature of the porous material is reduced, the temperature of the medium water flowing through the porous material is reduced, and the refrigeration.
The invention also provides a water refrigerating device adopting the water refrigerating method, which comprises a pipeline for passing a medium, wherein the pipe wall of the pipeline is made of porous materials, the outer wall of the pipeline is hermetically wrapped with sealing materials, the edge of the sealing materials is hermetically connected with the outer wall of the pipeline, a sealing cavity is formed between the sealing materials and the outer wall of the pipeline and is communicated with the input end space of a vacuum pump, one end of the pipeline is connected with a water pump, and the temperature of water is reduced after the water flows through the pipeline, so that the refrigerating effect is achieved.
Preferably, the porous material is a nano porous material, more preferably, the nano porous material is a nano porous silicon carbide ceramic material, the pore diameter is 5-500nm, and the porosity is 40-55%.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of the pipeline is 5-25mm, the pipe wall is 0.5-10mm, the flow speed of the medium flowing through the pipeline is 0.5-3m/s, and the pipe diameter is the outer diameter of the pipeline.
Preferably, the sealing material comprises a plastic material, a silicone material or a rubber material, and the strength of the sealing material is ensured not to deform under the pressure of the vacuum pump for vacuum pumping.
Preferably, the pipeline can be a plate-shaped pipeline besides a conventional cylindrical pipeline, plates made of porous materials are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate-shaped pipeline, the sealing material and the edges of the upper plate and the lower plate are sealed to form a sealing cavity, and the sealing cavity is communicated with the input end space of the air suction pump.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a water refrigeration method using porous material, which adopts nano-scale porous material, so that medium water enters pores when flowing through the porous material to form medium water with large specific surface area, and the medium water in the pores is evaporated and takes away heat under the action of vacuum pumping by matching with a sealing cavity arranged outside the porous material, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the temperature of the porous material, reducing the temperature of the medium water and cooling the medium water, and simultaneously achieving the purpose of adjusting and controlling the refrigeration effect by controlling factors such as pore diameter, porosity, tube wall, external force and the like. The refrigeration method has the advantages of simple operation, easily obtained raw materials and environmental protection, can finish the refrigeration effect by using water, and can be widely applied to various refrigeration fields.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a water cooling device according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a pipeline, 2, a pipe wall, 21, a porous material, 3, an outer sleeve, 4, a sealed cavity, 5 and a vacuum pump.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a water refrigeration method by utilizing a porous material, which is characterized in that when a medium flows through any surface of the porous material, the medium is filled into pores of the porous material due to capillary action and has a large specific surface area, and under the action of an external force of a preset environment, the temperature of the medium is reduced based on the principle that the medium with the large specific surface area in the porous material evaporates to take away heat, so that the refrigeration purpose is achieved, wherein the medium is water.
In the invention, the porous material is preferably a nano-porous material comprising nano-metal and nano-ceramic, and more preferably a nano-porous silicon carbide ceramic material.
In the invention, the preset environment is arranged on the opposite surface of the medium flow surface, is a sealed cavity and is communicated with the input port space of the air extracting pump, and the medium in the porous material is evaporated under the air extracting action to take away heat.
In the invention, the external force is an acting force formed by the air suction pump for sucking air from the sealed cavity to the outside, and the air suction pump is preferably a vacuum pump.
The principle of the water refrigeration method by utilizing the porous material is that when medium water flows through the porous material, the medium water is filled into the pores of the porous material due to the capillary action, so that the medium water in the pores has a large specific surface area, under the action of vacuum pumping, the absolute pressure in a sealing cavity on the other surface, opposite to the medium water flowing surface, of the porous material is reduced to saturated water vapor pressure corresponding to the ambient temperature, the gas flowing speed in the sealing cavity is accelerated, so that the medium water with the large specific surface area in the porous material is evaporated, a large amount of heat is taken away, the temperature of the porous material is reduced, the temperature of the medium water flowing through the porous material is reduced, and the refrigeration effect is achieved.
The invention also provides a water refrigerating device adopting the water refrigerating method, which comprises a pipeline for passing a medium, wherein the pipe wall of the pipeline is made of a porous material, the outer wall of the pipeline is hermetically wrapped with a sealing material, the edge of the sealing material is hermetically connected with the outer wall of the pipeline, a sealing cavity is formed between the sealing material and the outer wall of the pipeline and is communicated with the input end space of a vacuum pump, one end of the pipeline is connected with a water pump, and the temperature of water is reduced after the water flows through the pipeline, so that the refrigerating effect is achieved.
In the invention, the porous material is a nano porous material, preferably a nano porous silicon carbide ceramic material, the aperture is 5-500nm, and the porosity is 40-55%.
In the invention, the pipe diameter of the pipeline is 5-25mm, the pipe wall is 0.5-10mm, and the flow velocity of the medium flowing through the pipeline is 0.5-3 m/s.
According to the invention, the smaller the aperture of the pipeline made of the porous material is, the thinner the requirement on the pipe wall is, the thinner the pipe wall is, the better the heat transfer is facilitated, and the better the cooling effect is; the larger the porosity of the porous material is, the larger the evaporation area is, and the better the cooling effect is; the larger the external force is, namely the lower the pressure of the vacuum pump is, the better the cooling effect is.
The technical solution of the present invention is further specifically described below by way of specific examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
a water chiller utilizing a porous material, the apparatus comprising a conduit for the passage of a medium, the conduit being a nanoporous silicon carbide tube having the specifications: aperture 500nm, porosity 55%, external diameter 10mm, the pipe wall 1.5mm, pipeline length 200mm, 5 in total, the outer sleeve sealing connection that the pipeline terminal surface was made through O type circle and plastics, outer sleeve internal diameter 15mm, external diameter 20mm, form seal chamber between outer sleeve and the pipeline outer wall, seal chamber and vacuum pump's input space intercommunication, through the gas of extracting seal chamber, form the vacuum, the inside medium water of circulation pipeline this moment, through porous wall limit infiltration limit evaporation because of capillary action and pressure differential, take away the pipeline heat during the evaporation after, take away the vacuum pump. By adopting the water refrigerating device, the temperature of inlet water is 20 ℃, the flow rate is 0.5m/s, the return water can reach 7 ℃, and the COP (coefficient of performance) of the refrigerating efficiency can reach 12.
Example 2:
a water chiller utilizing a porous material, the apparatus comprising a conduit for the passage of a medium, the conduit being a nanoporous silicon carbide tube having the specifications: aperture 20nm, porosity 55%, external diameter 8mm, the pipe wall 1mm, pipeline length 200mm, 5 in total, the outer sleeve sealing connection that the pipeline terminal surface was made through O type circle and plastics, outer sleeve internal diameter 15mm, external diameter 20mm, form sealed cavity between outer sleeve and the pipeline outer wall, the input space intercommunication of sealed chamber and vacuum pump, through the gas of extraction sealed intracavity, form the vacuum, the inside medium water of circulation pipeline this moment, because of capillary action and pressure differential and through porous wall limit infiltration limit evaporation, take away behind the pipeline heat during the evaporation, take away by the vacuum pump. By adopting the water refrigerating device, the temperature of inlet water is 20 ℃, the flow rate is 0.5m/s, and the return water can reach 5 ℃.
Example 3:
a water chiller utilizing a porous material, the apparatus comprising a conduit for the passage of a medium, the conduit being a nanoporous silicon carbide tube having the specifications: aperture 300nm, porosity 40%, external diameter 25mm, the pipe wall 10mm, pipeline length 200mm, 10 in total, the outer sleeve sealing connection that the pipeline terminal surface was made through O type circle and plastics, outer sleeve internal diameter 33mm, external diameter 38mm, form sealed cavity between outer sleeve and the pipeline outer wall, sealed cavity and vacuum pump's input space intercommunication, through the gas of extraction sealed intracavity, form the vacuum, the inside medium water of circulation pipeline this moment, because of capillary action and pressure differential and through porous wall limit infiltration limit evaporation, take away the pipeline heat during the evaporation after, take away the vacuum pump and take away. By adopting the water refrigerating device, the temperature of inlet water is 20 ℃, the flow rate is 3m/s, and the return water can reach 10 ℃.
Example 4:
a water chiller utilizing a porous material, the apparatus comprising a conduit for the passage of a medium, the conduit being a nanoporous silicon carbide tube having the specifications: aperture 200nm, porosity 45%, external diameter 15mm, the pipe wall 3mm, pipeline length 200mm, 5 in total, the outer sleeve sealing connection that the pipeline terminal surface was made through O type circle and plastics, outer sleeve internal diameter 22mm, external diameter 30mm, form sealed cavity between outer sleeve and the pipeline outer wall, the input space intercommunication of sealed chamber and vacuum pump, through the gas of extraction sealed intracavity, form the vacuum, the inside medium water of circulation pipeline this moment, because of capillary action and pressure differential and through porous wall limit infiltration limit evaporation, take away behind the pipeline heat during the evaporation, take away by the vacuum pump. By adopting the water refrigerating device, the temperature of inlet water is 20 ℃, the flow rate is 1m/s, and the return water can reach 8 ℃.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which is not intended to be limiting in any way, and other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A water refrigeration method using porous materials is characterized in that when a medium flows through any surface of the porous materials, the medium is filled into pores of the porous materials due to capillary action and evaporates under the action of external force of a preset environment to take away heat, so that the temperature of the medium is reduced, wherein the medium is water.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the porous material is a nano-porous material.
3. A method of water refrigeration utilizing porous materials as claimed in claim 2 wherein said nanoporous materials comprise nanometals and nanoceramics.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the nano-porous material is nano-porous silicon carbide ceramic.
5. A method for cooling water using porous material as claimed in claim 1 wherein said predetermined environment is provided on the opposite side of the medium flow-through face.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the predetermined environment is a sealed chamber, the sealed chamber is in spatial communication with an input port of the air pump, and the air pump pumps air to form an external force.
7. A water cooling device adopting the water cooling method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a pipeline for passing a medium, wherein the pipe wall of the pipeline is made of a porous material, the outer wall of the pipeline is hermetically wrapped with a sealing material, the edge of the sealing material is hermetically connected with the outer wall of the pipeline, a sealed cavity is formed between the sealing material and the outer wall of the pipeline, and the sealed cavity is spatially communicated with the input end of a vacuum pump.
8. A water cooling device as claimed in claim 7 wherein the porous material is a nanoporous material having a pore size of 5-500nm and a porosity of 40-55%.
9. A water cooling device according to claim 7 wherein the conduit has a diameter of 5-25mm and a wall of 0.5-10mm, and the flow rate of the medium through the conduit is 0.5-3 m/s.
10. A water chilling device according to claim 7, wherein the sealing material comprises a plastics material, a silicone material or a rubber material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010694536.3A CN111947345A (en) | 2020-07-17 | 2020-07-17 | Water refrigeration method and water refrigeration device using porous material |
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| CN202010694536.3A CN111947345A (en) | 2020-07-17 | 2020-07-17 | Water refrigeration method and water refrigeration device using porous material |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2801766C1 (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-08-15 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Омский государственный технический университет" | Method of operation of reciprocating compressor with regenerative cooling and device for its implementation |
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| JPH0490471A (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1992-03-24 | Kajima Corp | Water cooling device |
| JP2002022310A (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2002-01-23 | Tomio Shintani | Cooling and heating device utilizing evaporation heat of water |
| CN101469912A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-01 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五一〇研究所 | Capillary material liquid-storage refrigerating device |
| EP3252399A1 (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-06 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Sublimator having a porous plate with integral primary and secondary heat transfer surfaces |
| CN108218467A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of preparation method of high porosity and lower thermal conductivity porous nano silicon carbide ceramics |
| EP3569509A1 (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-20 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Thermal management system with sublimator and adsorbent bed |
-
2020
- 2020-07-17 CN CN202010694536.3A patent/CN111947345A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0490471A (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1992-03-24 | Kajima Corp | Water cooling device |
| JP2002022310A (en) * | 2000-07-05 | 2002-01-23 | Tomio Shintani | Cooling and heating device utilizing evaporation heat of water |
| CN101469912A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-01 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五一〇研究所 | Capillary material liquid-storage refrigerating device |
| EP3252399A1 (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-06 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Sublimator having a porous plate with integral primary and secondary heat transfer surfaces |
| CN108218467A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of preparation method of high porosity and lower thermal conductivity porous nano silicon carbide ceramics |
| EP3569509A1 (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-20 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Thermal management system with sublimator and adsorbent bed |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2801766C1 (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-08-15 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Омский государственный технический университет" | Method of operation of reciprocating compressor with regenerative cooling and device for its implementation |
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Application publication date: 20201117 |