CN111946691A

CN111946691A - Hydraulic cylinder, centering clamping hydraulic system, clamping device and drill jumbo

Info

Publication number: CN111946691A
Application number: CN202010688038.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘飞香; 程永亮; 刘在政; 刘伟; 康磊; 梁刚; 王平; 朱敏基
Original assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-16
Filing date: 2020-07-16
Publication date: 2020-11-17
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-16
Also published as: CN111946691B

Abstract

The invention provides a hydraulic cylinder, a centering clamping hydraulic system, a clamping device and a rock drilling trolley. The internal cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is divided into a rod cavity and a rodless cavity by a piston and a piston rod. The hydraulic cylinder further comprises a guide sleeve, an oil duct is arranged, and the guide sleeve is sleeved on the piston rod. The hydraulic cylinder is provided with a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port is communicated with the rodless cavity, the second port is communicated with the rod cavity, and the third port is communicated with the oil channel. The piston rod is provided with a second step, and a gap matched with the second step is arranged between the inner surface of the guide sleeve and the piston rod. When the second step is separated from the gap, the third port is communicated with the rod cavity through the oil passage and the gap, and when the second step is matched with the gap, the third port is disconnected with the rod cavity. The invention realizes the centering clamping of the double-oil-cylinder clamping device by controlling the pressure difference between the rod cavity and the rodless cavity.

Description

Hydraulic cylinder, centering clamping hydraulic system, clamping device and drill jumbo

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic equipment, in particular to a hydraulic cylinder, a centering clamping hydraulic system, a clamping device and a drill jumbo.

Background

The medium-length hole rock drilling jumbo usually needs to unload the pole, connect the pole after once drilling.

When a rod is connected or disconnected, the clamping device at the front end of the trolley can be used for centering and clamping or completely loosening to allow a drill rod to pass through; when normally drilling, the front end clamping device needs to guide and center the drill rod, so that the drilling deviation is prevented.

In the prior art, a front end clamping device adopts a double-oil-cylinder clamping structure, an oil cylinder is a double-acting piston cylinder, centering of a drill rod completely depends on synchronization of the double oil cylinders, and the effect is not ideal although a synchronous valve is adopted for shunting; and during the direction, the tight piece of clamp and drilling rod are light to press from both sides contact state, and when normally drilling, the wearing and tearing to tight piece and drilling rod are great.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art or the related art.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a hydraulic cylinder.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a centering clamping hydraulic system.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a clamping device.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a rock-drilling rig.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a hydraulic cylinder, including: the cylinder body is internally provided with a cavity; the piston is movably arranged in the cylinder body and divides the cavity into a rod cavity and a rodless cavity; the cylinder body is provided with a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port is communicated with the rodless cavity, the second port is communicated with the rod cavity, and the third port is communicated with the rod cavity; and the positioning part is arranged on the cylinder body and is arranged corresponding to the position of the third port, wherein the piston can move to the positioning part to close the third port.

In the technical scheme, the second port and the third port are arranged in the rod cavity, the piston moves to the positioning part, and the third port is closed, so that liquid in the rod cavity can only flow out through the second port; if the second port is opened, the liquid flows out from the second port, the pressure of the rod cavity is less than that of the rodless cavity, and the piston can continuously move to one side of the rod cavity.

Specifically, the hydraulic cylinder is convenient to apply to various scenes, and particularly in some clamping devices which need to take clamping and guiding into consideration, the clamping part is driven by the hydraulic cylinder, so that clamping can be realized, and the purpose of guiding can also be realized, namely when the piston moves to the positioning part to close the third opening, the second opening is also closed, the clamping part can clamp an object loosely, or the object can be provided with guiding, and the clamping part can be accurately positioned, so that the distance between the clamping part and the object can be accurately controlled, the friction force between the clamping part and the object is reduced while loose clamping is kept, the abrasion of the object is reduced, in addition, the piston can continue to move to the side with the rod cavity after the second opening is opened, and the object can be clamped.

It can be understood that the accurate positioning of the piston is convenient to realize through the arrangement of the positioning part, and the third opening is arranged in the positioning part, so that the third opening is just closed when the piston moves to the positioning part, and the accurate positioning of the piston is realized.

In the above technical solution, the cylinder body includes: one end of the cylinder barrel is provided with an opening which is communicated with the rod cavity; the guide sleeve covers the opening, and the positioning part is arranged on one side of the guide sleeve facing the rod cavity.

In the technical scheme, the cylinder barrel and the guide sleeve are arranged, and the guide sleeve cover is arranged on the opening of the cylinder barrel, so that the structure is simple, the production and the installation are easy, and the installation of the piston is convenient; the positioning part is arranged on one side of the guide sleeve, which faces the rod cavity, so that the positioning of the piston is convenient to realize.

In the technical scheme, a first step is arranged on the guide sleeve, and the first step forms a positioning part; the third port is arranged on the cylinder barrel; an oil duct is arranged on the first step, one end of the oil duct is communicated with the third port, and the other end of the oil duct is communicated with the rod cavity.

In the technical scheme, the first step is provided with the oil channel, one end of the oil channel is communicated with the third port, and the other end of the oil channel is communicated with the rod cavity, so that the third port can be communicated with the rod cavity through the oil channel, and liquid can conveniently flow out of or into the third port; the third step constructs a positioning part, and the other end of the oil duct is communicated with the rod cavity, so that the piston can be conveniently closed through plugging the other end of the oil duct when moving to the third step, and the position of the piston can be conveniently controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the first port.

In the technical scheme, the piston is connected with a piston rod, a guide hole is formed in the guide sleeve, and the piston rod extends out of the cylinder body from the guide hole; a gap is formed between the first step and the piston rod, and the gap is communicated with the oil duct.

In the technical scheme, a gap is formed between the first step and the piston rod, so that the oil duct and the rod cavity are conveniently communicated, and the communication between the third port and the rod cavity is realized; in addition, the piston rod is arranged and extends out of the cylinder body through the guide hole in the guide sleeve, so that the piston rod is favorable for connecting external facilities such as a clamping part and the like, and more functions of the hydraulic cylinder are realized; the arrangement of the guide hole is beneficial to ensuring that the piston rod moves along a straight line, and the piston rod can be supported, so that the stability and the reliability of the movement of the piston rod are ensured.

In the technical scheme, the piston is provided with a second step for inserting and plugging the gap; the first step is provided with a first sealing element, the first sealing element and the piston rod are arranged at intervals, and the first sealing element is used for sealing the gap when the second step is inserted.

In the technical scheme, the second step is arranged, so that the gap can be conveniently plugged by inserting the second step into the gap, and the purpose of closing the third port is achieved; by arranging the first sealing element at intervals on the piston rod, liquid can still pass through the gap before the second step is inserted, so that the liquid can pass through the oil duct and the third port, and the smoothness of the third port is kept; after the second step inserted the clearance, the setting of first sealing member can realize the sealed of clearance department better, promotes the second step and to the reliability of clearance department shutoff, avoids the liquid circulation to keep having the pressure balance between rod chamber and the no rod chamber better, and then the motion of injecing the piston realizes the accurate location of piston.

In the above technical solution, the second step is provided with an inclined surface.

In this technical scheme, through setting up the inclined plane, on the one hand be convenient for provide the direction when the second step inserts in the clearance, on the other hand still is convenient for be closed at the third mouth, and when the second mouth was opened, the piston relied on the inclined plane and extrudeed first sealing member under the effect of pressure differential to continue to have rod chamber one side motion, when being connected with the clamping part on the piston rod, be favorable to realizing the purpose of pressing from both sides tight object.

In any one of the above technical solutions, the second port and the third port are respectively disposed at positions on the cylinder barrel opposite to the first step.

In this technical scheme, second mouth and third mouth belong to respectively on the cylinder and the relative position department of first step, because the uide bushing remains motionless throughout, can avoid the piston to slide second mouth and third mouth through the spacing of first step to the piston like this, and then avoid second mouth and third mouth all to be located no rod chamber and the phenomenon of weeping appears.

In the above technical scheme, the first step is provided with a third step, and the third step is opposite to the second port and is arranged at an interval with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel.

In the technical scheme, the third step is arranged, is opposite to the second port and is arranged at intervals with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, so that the liquid in the rod cavity can flow through the second port or flow into the rod cavity from the second port.

The technical scheme of the second aspect of the invention provides a centering clamping hydraulic system, which comprises: the hydraulic cylinder according to any one of the above first aspects; and the second control valve is used for opening or closing the second port of the hydraulic cylinder.

In this technical solution, by using the hydraulic cylinder according to any one of the above first aspect, all beneficial effects of the above technical solution are achieved, and are not described herein again; through the setting of second control valve, can realize opening and closing of second mouth to realize the location of piston, piston rod.

In the above technical solution, the hydraulic assembly further includes: one end of the first pipeline is connected with a first port of the hydraulic cylinder, and a first control valve is arranged on the first pipeline to control the on-off of the first pipeline; the other end of the first pipeline is connected with a first oil port; one end of the second pipeline is connected with a second port of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the second pipeline is connected with a second oil port; the second control valve is arranged on the second pipeline to control the on-off of the second pipeline; and one end of the third pipeline is connected with a third port of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the third pipeline is connected with the second oil port.

In this technical scheme, through setting up first pipeline, second pipeline, third pipeline to and set up first control valve on first pipeline, set up the second control valve on the second pipeline, thereby can realize the different flow directions of liquid in pneumatic cylinder and each pipeline through the opening and close of controlling first control valve and second control valve, and then realize piston location etc..

In any one of the above technical solutions, the second control valve is a check valve, and the flow direction of the check valve is from the second oil port to the second port; and a back pressure valve is also arranged on the second pipeline, one end of the back pressure valve is connected with the second oil port, and the other end of the back pressure valve is connected with the second port.

In the technical scheme, the second control valve is set as a one-way valve, and a back pressure valve is also set, so that liquid can flow on the second pipeline in two directions, and the second pipeline can feed liquid and return liquid; specifically, when the second oil port feeds liquid, the liquid flows to the second port through the one-way valve and then enters the rod cavity to push the piston to move towards the rodless cavity; when the second oil port returns liquid, the liquid enters from the first oil port and flows to the second oil port from the third port and the third pipeline to realize liquid return; the second step seals the gap, so that after the third port is closed, liquid flows out of the second port and flows to the second pipeline, the one-way valve limits the flow of the liquid at the moment, the liquid only flows from the backpressure valve, and the backpressure valve has certain pressure, so that the liquid cannot flow at low pressure, the rod cavity maintains the pressure, and the piston is limited to a position; after the first oil port inputs liquid with higher pressure, the liquid pressure overcomes the pressure of the backpressure valve and then flows to the second oil port through the backpressure valve, the pressure of the rod cavity is reduced, and the piston is pushed to continue to move towards the rod cavity.

It should be pointed out that the second pipeline is provided with the check valve and the back pressure valve, so that the on-off of the second pipeline can be realized only by adjusting the pressure of liquid, and the control mode is simple and effective.

In the technical scheme, the first control valve is a hydraulic control one-way valve, and the flow direction of the hydraulic control one-way valve is from the first oil port to the first port; the second oil port is connected with the control end of the hydraulic control one-way valve.

In this technical scheme, through establishing first control valve as the hydraulic control check valve, liquid not only can follow first hydraulic fluid port flow direction first mouth like this, when by the second hydraulic fluid port feed liquor, because the second hydraulic fluid port still with the control end intercommunication of hydraulic control check valve, consequently can open the hydraulic control check valve through feed liquor pressure to make liquid can also follow first hydraulic fluid port flow direction first hydraulic fluid port, realize returning the mesh of liquid.

In any one of the above technical solutions, the second control valve is an electromagnetic directional valve.

In the technical scheme, the second control valve is set as the electromagnetic directional valve, so that the opening and closing of the second pipeline can be realized by controlling the reversing of the electromagnetic directional valve, and the opening and closing of the second port are realized.

In any one of the above technical solutions, the centering and clamping hydraulic system includes two hydraulic cylinders, and the two hydraulic cylinders are connected to the same first oil port and the same second oil port.

In this technical scheme, two pneumatic cylinders are connected on same first hydraulic fluid port, still connect on same second hydraulic fluid port, and two pneumatic cylinders can feed liquor and return liquid simultaneously like this, and the motion of piston can be synchronous completely, and the location also can be synchronous to be favorable to by the centering of centre gripping object and press from both sides tightly, avoid the drilling to bore partially.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a clamping device for clamping a drill rod of a drill jumbo, the clamping device comprising: the clamping part is connected with the hydraulic cylinder; or the centering clamping hydraulic system of any one of the above second aspects.

In this technical solution, by using the hydraulic cylinder according to any one of the above technical solutions of the first aspect, all beneficial effects of the above technical solutions of the first aspect are achieved, and are not described herein again; or by adopting the centering and clamping hydraulic system according to any one of the above second aspects, all the beneficial effects of any one of the above second aspects are achieved, and details are not repeated herein.

A technical solution of a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a rock drilling rig including: the automobile body, the clamping device of any one of the above-mentioned third aspect technical scheme is located on the automobile body, and clamping device is used for the drilling rod on the centre gripping drill jumbo.

In this technical solution, by using the clamping device according to any one of the above third aspects, all the beneficial effects of the above third aspects are achieved, and details are not described here.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a hydraulic cylinder of one embodiment of the present invention in a relaxed state;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural view of a hydraulic cylinder of another embodiment of the present invention in a clamped state;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view of a hydraulic cylinder of yet another embodiment of the present invention in a pilot state;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a centering clamp hydraulic system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a released state;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a centering clamp hydraulic system in a clamped state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a centering clamp hydraulic system in a pilot state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a centering clamp hydraulic system according to another embodiment of the present invention in a released state;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a centering clamp hydraulic system according to yet another embodiment of the present invention in a released state;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the structure of a clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the structure of a rock-drilling jumbo according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the component names in fig. 1 to 10 is:

1 hydraulic cylinder, 10 cylinders, 100 rod cavities, 102 rodless cavities, 104 first ports, 106 second ports, 108 third ports, 110 gaps, 12 guide sleeves, 120 first steps, 1200 oil passages, 122 third steps, 14 pistons, 140 second steps, 16 piston rods, 200 first sealing elements, 30 one-way valves, 32 pilot-operated one-way valves, 34 back pressure valves, 36 electromagnetic reversing valves, 40 first oil ports, 42 second oil ports, 50 first clamping parts, 52 second clamping parts, 54 drill rods, 6 centering clamping hydraulic systems, 7 clamping devices, (50,52) clamping parts, 8 rock drilling trolleys and 80 vehicle bodies.

Detailed Description

So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Some embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to fig. 1-10.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a hydraulic cylinder 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cylinder body having a cavity therein and a piston 14. The piston 14 is movably disposed within the cylinder and divides the cavity into a rod chamber 100 and a rodless chamber 102.

As shown in fig. 1, the cylinder body is further provided with a first port 104 communicating with the rodless chamber 102, and a second port 106 communicating with the rod chamber 100. The hydraulic cylinder 1 further comprises a positioning part arranged on the cylinder body. The cylinder is further provided with a third port 108 communicating with the rod chamber 100, and a positioning portion is provided corresponding to the position of the third port 108, wherein the piston 14 is movable to the positioning portion to close the third port 108.

In this embodiment, by providing the second port 106 and the third port 108 which are communicated with the rod chamber 100, when the first port 104 is fed with liquid and the second port 106 and the third port 108 are fed back with liquid, the piston 14 moves to the positioning portion, and the third port 108 is closed, so that the liquid in the rod chamber 100 can only flow out through the second port 106, at this time, if the second port 106 is closed, the liquid cannot flow out, there is no pressure difference between the rod chamber 100 and the rod-less chamber 102, the piston 14 stops moving, that is, the piston 14 can be accurately positioned by closing the second port 106 and the third port 108. If the second port 106 is opened, the fluid flows out of the second port 106, the pressure of the rod chamber 100 is lower than the pressure of the rod chamber 102, and the piston 14 can continue to move toward the rod chamber 100, so that the hydraulic cylinder 1 can achieve accurate positioning of the piston 14 by closing the second port 106 and the third port 108, and can continue to advance the piston 14 by opening the second port 106.

In particular, the hydraulic cylinder 1 described above is easy to use in a variety of situations, in particular in some clamping devices 7 where a compromise between clamping and guiding is required, by using such a hydraulic cylinder 1 to drive the gripping parts (50,52), clamping, as well as guiding purposes, can be achieved, i.e., the second port 106 is also closed when the piston 14 moves to the position determining portion closing the third port 108, the gripping portions (50,52) can grip the object more loosely, or to provide guidance to the object, and the gripping part (50,52) can be accurately positioned, so that the distance between the gripping part (50,52) and the object can be accurately controlled, reducing friction between the gripping portions (50,52) and the object while maintaining a loose grip, reducing wear of the object, in addition, the piston 14 can continue to move toward the rod chamber 100 after the second port 106 is opened, and the object can be clamped.

It can be understood that the positioning portion is disposed to facilitate accurate positioning of the piston 14, and the positioning portion is disposed corresponding to the third opening 108, so that when the piston 14 moves to the positioning portion, the third opening 108 is just closed, thereby achieving accurate positioning of the piston 14.

In some embodiments, the second port 106 and the third port 108 are located on the same circumference on the cylinder. In other embodiments, the location of the second port 106 and the third port 108 on the cylinder are substantially collinear. In still other embodiments, the second port 106 and the third port 108 are not located on the same circumference or on the same line.

In the above embodiment, the cylinder body includes the cylinder tube 10 and the guide sleeve 12, and one end of the cylinder tube 10 is provided with an opening communicating with the rod chamber 100. The guide sleeve 12 covers the opening, and the positioning part is arranged on one side of the guide sleeve 12 facing the rod cavity 100, so that the structure is simple, the production and the installation are easy, and the installation of the piston 14 is convenient. The positioning portion is provided on the side of the guide sleeve 12 facing the rod chamber 100, so as to facilitate positioning of the piston 14.

Further, a first step 120 is disposed on the guide sleeve 12, and the first step 120 forms a positioning portion. The third port 108 is provided in the cylinder 10. An oil passage 1200 is formed in the first step 120, one end of the oil passage 1200 is communicated with the third port 108, and the other end of the oil passage 1200 is communicated with the rod chamber 100.

In some embodiments, the oil passage 1200 is provided in the radial direction of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and directly communicates with the rod chamber 100. In other embodiments, the oil passage 1200 may be curved or bent, or one section of the oil passage 1200 may be disposed in the radial direction and the other section may be disposed in the axial direction of the hydraulic cylinder 1.

In the above embodiment, the piston 14 is connected with the piston rod 16, the guide sleeve 12 is provided with a guide hole, and the piston rod 16 extends out of the cylinder body from the guide hole. The gap 110 is formed between the first step 120 and the piston rod 16, and the gap 110 is communicated with the oil passage 1200, so that the structure is simple, the oil passage 1200 only needs to be processed in a single direction, or only a radial oil passage 1200 needs to be processed on the guide sleeve 12, and the oil passage 1200 is communicated with the rod cavity 100 through the gap 110.

In some embodiments, the gap 110 is disposed along the circumference of the piston rod 16, i.e., an annular gap. In other embodiments, the gaps 110 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the piston rod 16, such as a plurality of arcuate gaps 110, or the gaps 110 are provided only a small fraction, i.e., a single arcuate gap, in the circumferential direction of the piston rod 16.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the above embodiment, the piston 14 is provided with the second step 140, and the second step 140 is used for inserting and blocking the gap 110. The first step 120 is provided with a first sealing member 200, and the first sealing member 200 is spaced apart from the piston rod 16, and the first sealing member 200 is used for sealing the gap 110 when the second step 140 is inserted.

In some embodiments, the second step 140 is connected to the piston rod 16.

In other embodiments, the position of the second step 140 may be different according to the position of the oil passage 1200 or the shape of the oil passage 1200, for example, if the oil passage 1200 is L-shaped, one end of the oil passage 1200 is communicated with the third port 108, the opening of the other end of the oil passage is arranged on the guide sleeve 12, and the rod chamber 100 is communicated from the axial position of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the second step 140 may be arranged at an interval with the piston rod 16.

In other embodiments, the second step 140 is annular, the gap 110 is disposed circumferentially of the piston rod 16 and is annular, and the annular second step 140 and the annular gap 110 cooperate with each other.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the second step 140 is further provided with a slope to provide guidance when the second step 140 is inserted into the gap 110, and to press the first sealing member 200 by the slope under the pressure difference when the third port 108 is closed and the second port 106 is opened, so as to move further to the side of the rod chamber 100, and to facilitate clamping of the object when the clamping portions (50,52) are connected to the piston rod.

In any of the above embodiments, the second port 106 and the third port 108 are respectively disposed at positions on the cylinder 10 opposite to the first step 120, so that the piston 14 can be prevented from sliding through the second port 106 and the third port 108 by limiting the piston 14 by the first step 120, and further, the second port 106 and the third port 108 can be prevented from being located in the rodless chamber 102 and causing liquid leakage.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, in the above embodiment, the third step 122 is provided on the first step 120, and the third step 122 is opposite to the second port 106 and spaced from the inner wall of the cylinder 10, so as to ensure that the liquid in the rod chamber 100 can flow through the second port 106 or flow into the rod chamber 100 from the second port 106.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention provides a centering-clamping hydraulic system 6, including: the hydraulic cylinder 1 of any one of the embodiments of the first aspect described above; and a second control valve for opening or closing the second port 106 of the hydraulic cylinder 1.

In this embodiment, by using the hydraulic cylinder 1 according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, all the beneficial effects of the embodiments are achieved, and are not described herein again. By the arrangement of the second control valve, opening and closing of the second port 106 and thus positioning of the piston 14, the piston rod 16 can be achieved.

As shown in fig. 4, in the above embodiment, the centering and clamping hydraulic system 6 further includes: and one end of the first pipeline is connected with the first port 104 of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the other end of the first pipeline is connected with the first oil port 40. The first control valve is arranged on the first pipeline to control the on-off of the first pipeline. And one end of the second pipeline is connected with the second port 106 of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and a second control valve is arranged on the second pipeline to control the on-off of the second pipeline. The other end of the second pipeline is connected with a second oil port 42. And one end of the third pipeline is connected with the third port 108 of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the other end of the third pipeline is connected with the second oil port 42.

In this embodiment, by providing the first pipeline, the second pipeline, and the third pipeline, and by providing the first control valve on the first pipeline and the second control valve on the second pipeline, different flow directions of the liquid in the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the respective pipelines can be realized by controlling the opening and closing of the first control valve and the second control valve, and further, the positioning of the piston 14 can be realized.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, specifically, when the first control valve and the second control valve are both opened, the fluid enters from the second oil port 42, enters from the second port 106 into the rod chamber 100 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 through the second control valve and the second pipeline, and simultaneously enters from the third port 108 into the rod chamber 100 through the third pipeline, so that the piston 14 moves from the rod chamber 100 to the rodless chamber 102, and the fluid in the rodless chamber 102 returns from the first oil port 40 through the first port 104, the first control valve and the first pipeline, in this case, if the clamping portion (50,52) is connected to the piston rod 16, the clamping can be released.

When the second control valve is closed and the first control valve is opened, if the liquid enters from the first port 40 and enters the rodless chamber 102 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 through the first pipeline, the first control valve and the first port 104, the piston 14 can be pushed to move towards the side of the rod chamber 100, so that the liquid returns through the third port 108, the third pipeline and the third port. When the piston 14 moves to the first step 120, the second step 140 on the piston 14 is inserted into the gap 110 to close the gap 110, so that the liquid can not flow out through the gap 110, the oil passage 1200 and the third port 108 and return to the liquid, the pressures of the rod chamber 100 and the rod-less chamber 102 are balanced, the piston 14 and the piston rod 16 are accurately positioned, as shown in fig. 3 and 6, in this case, if the clamping portions (50,52) are connected to the piston rod 16, the guiding effect of the clamping portions (50,52) can be achieved. As shown in fig. 2 and 5, if the second control valve is opened, the liquid in the rod chamber 100 can flow out from the second port 106, so that the pressure in the rod chamber 100 is lower than that in the rod-less chamber 102, and the piston 14 and the piston rod 16 are pushed to the rod chamber 100 side under the pressure difference due to the slope of the second step 140. If a clamping portion (50,52) is attached to the piston rod 16, a clamping function can be achieved.

It should be noted that although the second control valve opens to enable the piston 14 to move further into the rod chamber 100, the piston 14 moves further by pressing the first sealing member 200 by the inclined surface of the second step 140, so that the distance of the piston 14 moving further is limited, which is about several millimeters, for example, within 3mm, and when the clamping portion (50,52) is connected to the piston rod 16, the moving distance of the clamping portion (50,52) is from the guiding state to the clamping state, which is also several millimeters, so that the clamping effect can be ensured, the guiding effect can be ensured, and the wear to the clamped object can be reduced.

In any of the above embodiments, the second control valve is a check valve 30, and the check valve 30 flows from the second port 42 to the second port 106. A back pressure valve 34 is further provided in the second line, one end of the back pressure valve 34 is connected to the second port 42, and the other end of the back pressure valve 34 is connected to the second port 106.

In this embodiment, the second control valve is set as the check valve 30, and a back pressure valve 34 is also set, so that the liquid can flow in both directions on the second pipeline, and the second pipeline can feed liquid or return liquid. Specifically, upon intake of the second port 42, fluid flows through the check valve 30 to the second port 106 and into the rod chamber 100, pushing the piston 14 toward the rodless chamber 102. When the second oil port 42 returns, the liquid enters from the first oil port 40, flows into the hydraulic cylinder 1 through the first port 104, and flows to the second oil port 42 from the third port 108 and the third pipeline to realize the liquid return. When the second step 140 closes the gap 110, and the third port 108 is closed, the liquid flows out from the second port 106 and flows to the second pipeline, at this time, the check valve 30 limits the flow of the liquid, the liquid can only flow from the backpressure valve 34, the backpressure valve 34 has a certain pressure, so that the liquid cannot flow at a low pressure, the rod cavity 100 maintains the pressure, and the piston 14 is limited to a position. After the first port 40 receives the higher pressure fluid, the fluid pressure overcomes the pressure of the back pressure valve 34, and then flows to the second port 42 through the back pressure valve 34, the rod chamber 100 is depressurized, and the piston 14 is pushed to continue moving toward the rod chamber 100.

It should be noted that the second pipeline is provided with the check valve 30 and the backpressure valve 34, so that the on-off of the second pipeline can be realized only by adjusting the pressure of the liquid, and the control mode is simple and effective.

In the above embodiment, the first control valve is the pilot operated check valve 32, and the pilot operated check valve 32 flows from the first oil port 40 to the first port 104. The second oil port 42 is connected to the control end of the pilot operated check valve 32 (as shown by a dotted line in fig. 4), so that the liquid can flow from the first oil port 40 to the first port 104, and when the liquid is fed from the second oil port 42, since the second oil port 42 is also communicated with the control end of the pilot operated check valve 32, the pilot operated check valve 32 can be opened by the pressure of the fed liquid, so that the liquid can also flow from the first port 104 to the first oil port 40, and the purpose of returning the liquid is achieved.

As shown in fig. 7, on the basis of any of the above embodiments, the hydraulic assembly further includes the electromagnetic directional valve 36, one end of the electromagnetic directional valve 36 is connected to the second oil port 42, and the other end of the electromagnetic directional valve 36 is connected to the second port 106. When the two clamping parts (50,52) need to be loosened, the flow direction of the electromagnetic directional valve 36 is that the second port 106 flows to the second oil port 42, the second oil port 42 enters liquid, the liquid flows into the second port 106 through the check valve 30 and the second pipeline, and further flows into the third port 108 through the third pipeline, so that the liquid flows into the rod cavity 100, and the piston 14 is pushed to move towards the rodless cavity 102. When the two clamping parts (50,52) are required to guide, the first oil port 40 is used for feeding liquid, the flow direction of the electromagnetic directional valve 36 is from the second oil port 42 to the second port 106, at the moment, no matter the liquid flows from the second port 106 through the check valve 30, the electromagnetic directional valve 36 or the backpressure valve 34, the positioning of the piston 14 can be realized when the third port 108 is closed, and then the guiding of the clamping parts (50,52) is realized. When the clamping of the clamping portions (50,52) is required, the direction of the first electromagnetic directional valve 36 is switched, so that the liquid flows from the second port 106 to the second oil port 42, and the piston 14 moves to the rod chamber 100 again, thereby realizing the clamping.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 8, the second control valve is an electromagnetic directional valve 36, and the opening and closing of the second pipeline are realized only by controlling the direction change of the electromagnetic directional valve 36.

In the above embodiment, the centering and clamping hydraulic system 6 includes two hydraulic cylinders 1, the two hydraulic cylinders 1 are connected to the same first oil port 40 and the same second oil port 42, so that the two hydraulic cylinders 1 can feed liquid and return liquid simultaneously, the movement of the piston 14 can be completely synchronous, and the positioning can be synchronous, thereby being beneficial to centering and clamping of a clamped object and avoiding deviation of drilling.

As shown in fig. 9, an embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention provides a clamping device 7 for clamping a drill rod 54 of a rock drilling rig, the clamping device 7 comprising: a clamping portion (50,52) and the hydraulic cylinder 1 of any one of the embodiments of the first aspect described above, the clamping portion (50,52) being connected to the hydraulic cylinder 1; or the centering clamp hydraulic system 6 of any of the embodiments of the second aspect described above.

In this embodiment, by using the hydraulic cylinder 1 according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, all the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the first aspect are achieved, and are not described herein again. Or by adopting the centering and clamping hydraulic system 6 of any one of the embodiments of the second aspect, the whole beneficial effects of any one of the embodiments of the second aspect are achieved, and the details are not repeated herein.

As shown in fig. 4, the present invention also provides a clamping device 7 comprising: a first clamping portion 50 and a second clamping portion 52 which are oppositely arranged; the hydraulic cylinder 1 of any one of the embodiments of the first aspect described above. The first clamping portion 50 is connected to the piston rod 16 of one of the hydraulic cylinders 1. The second clamp 52 is connected to the piston rod 16 of the other hydraulic cylinder 1.

In this embodiment, by using the hydraulic cylinder 1 of any one of the embodiments, all the beneficial effects of the embodiments are achieved, and are not described herein again. The first clamping part 50 and the second clamping part 52 of the embodiment can be accurately limited at the guiding position when the third port 108 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is closed and the second port 106 is closed, and the positioning of the first clamping part 50 and the second clamping part 52 at the guiding and clamping is the same because the structure of the two hydraulic cylinders 1 is the same, by connecting the first clamping part 50 and the piston rod 16 of one hydraulic cylinder 1, and connecting the second clamping part 52 and the piston rod 16 of the other hydraulic cylinder 1, so that the first clamping part 50 and the second clamping part 52 can be relatively close or relatively far away by the pushing of the two hydraulic cylinders 1, and the clamping function can be realized when the first clamping part 50 and the second clamping part 52 are close, and the piston rod 16 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 can be accurately positioned by closing the third port 108 and the second port 106, and can be continuously and relatively close when the second port 106 is opened, the device is beneficial to ensuring the accuracy and the synchronism of clamping and centering, and has simpler structure and operation. In addition, when the third port 108 is closed and the second port 106 is closed, the position of the piston 14 is close to that of the piston 14 when the second port 106 is opened, but the distance can be several millimeters, so that a certain distance is reserved between the clamped object and the first clamping part 50 and the second clamping part 52 when guiding is ensured, and the abrasion of the clamped object is reduced.

As shown in fig. 5 and 9, the present invention also provides a clamping device 7 including: a first clamping portion 50 and a second clamping portion 52 which are oppositely arranged; the centering clamp hydraulic system 6 of any one of the embodiments of the second aspect described above. The first clamping portion 50 is connected to the piston rod 16 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 that clamps the hydraulic system 6 in a centered manner. The second clamping portion 52 is connected to the piston rod 16 of the other hydraulic cylinder 1 that clamps the hydraulic system 6 in a centered manner.

In this embodiment, by using the centering and clamping hydraulic system 6 of any one of the embodiments, all the beneficial effects of the embodiments are achieved, and are not described herein again. The first clamping portion 50 and the second clamping portion 52 of the embodiment can be accurately limited to the guiding position when the third port 108 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is closed and the second control valve is closed, and the first clamping portion 50 and the second clamping portion 52 are guided, because the two hydraulic cylinders 1 have the same structure, because the first clamping portion 50 and the second clamping portion 52 are connected with the piston rod 16 of the other hydraulic cylinder 1, the first clamping portion 50 and the second clamping portion 52 can be accurately limited to the guiding position when the third port 108 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is closed and the second control valve is closed, and because the two hydraulic cylinders 1 have the same structure, the first clamping portion 50 and the second clamping portion 52 are connected with the piston rod 16 of the other hydraulic cylinder 1, The positioning during clamping is the same, synchronous control is not needed, the accuracy and the synchronism of clamping centering can be guaranteed, and the structure and the operation are simpler. In addition, when the third port 108 is closed and the second control valve is closed, the position of the piston 14 is close to that of the piston 14 when the second control valve is opened, but the distance can be several millimeters, so that a certain distance is reserved between the clamped object and the first clamping part 50 and the second clamping part 52 when guiding is ensured, and the abrasion of the clamped object is reduced.

In other embodiments, the length of the piston 14 in the axial direction is greater than the diameter of the third port 108; and in the direction from the rodless chamber 102 to the rod chamber 100, the third port 108 and the second port 106 are sequentially arranged, when the piston 14 moves along the direction from the rodless chamber 102 to the rod chamber 100 and slides to the position of the third port 108, because the length of the piston 14 in the axial direction is greater than the diameter of the third port 108, the third port 108 can also be blocked, and at this time, the second port 106 is controlled to be closed by the second control valve, so that the positioning of the piston 14 can be realized.

In some embodiments, a gray ring and a guide ring are disposed between the piston 14 and the cylinder 10, and the gray ring is disposed between the two guide rings. The first seal 200 is a steckel seal. A sealing ring is arranged between the guide sleeve 12 and the cylinder barrel 10. A second seal and a guide ring are provided between the piston rod 16 and the guide sleeve 12, and the second seal is provided between the two guide rings.

As shown in fig. 10, an embodiment of a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a rock drilling rig 8 comprising: the body 80, the gripping device 7 of any of the embodiments of the third aspect described above, is provided on the body 80, the gripping device 7 being for gripping a drill rod 54 on the drill jumbo 8.

In this embodiment, by using the clamping device 7 of any one of the embodiments of the third aspect, all the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the third aspect are achieved, and the description is omitted here.

The hydraulic cylinder 1 according to one embodiment of the present application, which is a three-position cylinder, as shown in fig. 1, includes three ports, i.e., a first port 104, a second port 106, and a third port 108. Wherein the first port 104 opens into the rodless chamber 102 of the cylinder and the second port 106 opens into the first rod chamber 100 of the cylinder, i.e., the back pressure chamber. The third port 108 opens into the second rod chamber of the cylinder, namely the gap 110.

When the second port 106 and the third port 108 are filled with oil, the piston rod 16 of the cylinder is fully retracted, and the clamping blocks, i.e., the first clamping portion 50 and the second clamping portion 52, are fully released. When the first port 104 is filled with low pressure oil, the piston 14 of the cylinder is pushed to drive the second step 140 of the piston rod 16 to close the oil passage 1200 of the third port 108, that is, the gap 110 is inserted and closed by the second step 140, the low pressure of the first port 104 is not enough to overcome the back pressure of the second port 106 to push the cylinder piston rod 16 to continue extending, and the piston rod 16 stops extending and retracting until the first clamping portion 50 and the second clamping portion 52 both move to the guiding position. When the first port 104 is filled with high pressure oil, the piston rod 16 is fully extended and clamped.

The guide position of the oil cylinder is realized through hydraulic positioning, the double oil cylinders do not need to be synchronized in the process that the oil cylinder moves to the guide position, the positioning precision is completely ensured by the structure of the oil cylinder, and the requirement of synchronous control of a hydraulic system is eliminated.

A hydraulic clamping cylinder for a drill rod 54 and a centering and clamping hydraulic system 6 thereof have the functions of loosening, clamping and guiding, and the specific embodiment is as follows:

working state	First port	104	Second port 106
				Is loosened	T	P
Clamping of	P1	T
			Guide device	P2	T

P-pressure oil source; p1-high pressure oil source; p2-source of low pressure oil; t-oil return.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the loosening action: the second port 42 is used for feeding the pressure oil and the pressure oil into the rod cavity 100 in two paths, wherein one path is directly communicated with the third port 108 through a hydraulic pipeline, the other path is fed into the second port 106 through the check valve 30, and the first port 40 is used for feeding the oil back. The piston rod 16 is retracted by the oil under pressure of the second port 106/third port 108 and the clamping blocks, i.e. the first clamping portion 50 and the second clamping portion 52, are released.

As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the guiding action: the first port 40 is filled with low pressure oil, the oil enters the first port 104 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 through the pilot-controlled check valve 32, the piston rod 16 extends, and the oil in the rod cavity 100 returns through the third port 108. When the piston rod 16 extends, the second step 140 of the piston 14 is inserted into the gap 110, the oil passage of the third port 108 is closed, oil in the rod chamber 100 can only return through the second port 106 via the backpressure valve 34, the piston rod 16 stops extending because the first port 104 at the rodless chamber 102 is low in pressure and not enough to overcome the backpressure of the second port 106 to continue clamping, and the oil stops flowing when both hydraulic cylinders 1 extend to the position. The first clamping part 50 and the second clamping part 52 respectively have a certain guide clearance with the drill rod 54, and the clearance is controlled to be about 2 mm-3 mm. The hydraulic cylinder 1 is pressure-maintaining locked by a hydraulic check valve 30.

As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the clamping action: the guiding operation is performed first. After the guiding action is finished, the first oil port 40 of the system is filled with high-pressure oil, at this time, the oil enters the first port 104 through the pilot-controlled check valve 32, and the piston 14 is pushed to move towards the side of the rod cavity 100 due to the fact that the pressure of the first port 104 is far higher than the back pressure of the second port 106, the piston rod 16 continues to extend and clamp, and clamping force is formed on the drill rod 54.

After the first oil port 40/the second oil port 42 stop supplying oil, the cylinder is locked by maintaining pressure through the hydraulic check valve 30.

The advantages of this particular embodiment:

1. no matter the guide action or the clamping action, the two hydraulic cylinders do not need to be synchronously controlled.

2. During the direction, first clamping part and second clamping part and drilling rod contactless reduce the wearing and tearing to the drilling rod.

The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail in the above with reference to the attached drawings, and by the technical scheme of the invention, under the condition of no need of synchronization, the piston rods of the two hydraulic cylinders can be positioned at the same position, the centering of the clamped object is ensured, and the two clamping parts of the clamping device can be ensured not to contact with the clamped object during guiding, so that the abrasion of the object is reduced.

In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless expressly limited otherwise. The terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" may be direct or indirect through an intermediary. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic cylinder, comprising:

the cylinder body is internally provided with a cavity;

the piston is movably arranged in the cylinder body and divides the cavity into a rod cavity and a rodless cavity;

the cylinder body is provided with a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port is communicated with the rodless cavity, the second port is communicated with the rod cavity, and the third port is communicated with the rod cavity;

a positioning part which is arranged on the cylinder body and is arranged corresponding to the position of the third port,

wherein the piston is movable to the positioning portion to close the third port.

2. Hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1,

the cylinder block includes: one end of the cylinder barrel is provided with an opening, and the opening is communicated with the rod cavity;

the guide sleeve covers the opening, and the positioning part is arranged on one side, facing the rod cavity, of the guide sleeve.

3. Hydraulic cylinder according to claim 2,

the guide sleeve is provided with a first step, and the positioning part is constructed by the first step;

the third port is arranged on the cylinder barrel;

an oil duct is arranged on the first step, one end of the oil duct is communicated with the third port, and the other end of the oil duct is communicated with the rod cavity.

4. Hydraulic cylinder according to claim 3,

the piston is connected with a piston rod, a guide hole is formed in the guide sleeve, and the piston rod extends out of the cylinder body from the guide hole;

a gap is formed between the first step and the piston rod, and the gap is communicated with the oil duct.

5. Hydraulic cylinder according to claim 4,

a second step is arranged on the piston and used for inserting and plugging the gap;

the first step is provided with a first sealing element, the first sealing element and the piston rod are arranged at intervals, and the first sealing element is used for sealing the gap when the second step is inserted.

6. Hydraulic cylinder according to claim 5,

and the second step is provided with an inclined plane.

7. Hydraulic cylinder according to any one of claims 3 to 6,

the second port and the third port are respectively arranged at the position on the cylinder barrel, which is opposite to the first step.

8. Hydraulic cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that

And a third step is arranged on the first step, is opposite to the second port and is arranged at an interval with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel.

9. A centering clamping hydraulic system, comprising:

the hydraulic cylinder of any one of claims 1-8;

and the second control valve is used for opening or closing the second port of the hydraulic cylinder.

10. The centering clamp hydraulic system of claim 9, further comprising:

one end of the first pipeline is connected with a first port of the hydraulic cylinder, and a first control valve is arranged on the first pipeline to control the on-off of the first pipeline;

the other end of the first pipeline is connected with a first oil port;

one end of the second pipeline is connected with a second port of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the second pipeline is connected with a second oil port;

the second control valve is arranged on the second pipeline to control the on-off of the second pipeline;

and one end of the third pipeline is connected with a third port of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the third pipeline is connected with the second oil port.

11. The centering clamp hydraulic system of claim 10,

the second control valve is a one-way valve, and the flow direction of the one-way valve is from the second oil port to the second port;

and a back pressure valve is further arranged on the second pipeline, one end of the back pressure valve is connected with the second oil port, and the other end of the back pressure valve is connected with the second port.

12. The centering clamp hydraulic system of claim 9 or 10,

the second control valve is an electromagnetic directional valve.

13. The centering clamp hydraulic system of claim 11,

the first control valve is a hydraulic control one-way valve, and the flow direction of the hydraulic control one-way valve is from the first oil port to the first port;

the second oil port is connected with the control end of the hydraulic control one-way valve.

14. The centering clamp hydraulic system of claim 10 or 11,

the centering clamping hydraulic system comprises two hydraulic cylinders, wherein the two hydraulic cylinders are connected to the same first oil port and the same second oil port.

15. A clamping device for clamping a drill rod of a drill jumbo, comprising:

a clamp and the hydraulic cylinder of any one of claims 1-8, the clamp being connected to the hydraulic cylinder; or

The centered clamping hydraulic system of any one of claims 9-14.

16. A rock drilling rig, comprising:

a vehicle body;

the clamping device of claim 15, provided on the vehicle body, the clamping device for clamping a drill rod on the drill jumbo.