CN111944867A - Preparation method of cubilose peptide - Google Patents

Preparation method of cubilose peptide Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111944867A
CN111944867A CN202010892221.XA CN202010892221A CN111944867A CN 111944867 A CN111944867 A CN 111944867A CN 202010892221 A CN202010892221 A CN 202010892221A CN 111944867 A CN111944867 A CN 111944867A
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China
Prior art keywords
cubilose
enzymolysis
mixing
enzymolysis liquid
enzyme
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CN202010892221.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姜佳
刘红彦
刘汉民
刘国洪
张贵锋
孔英俊
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Sinofn Tianjin Pharm Tech Co ltd
Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
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Sinofn Tianjin Pharm Tech Co ltd
Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P21/00Preparation of peptides or proteins
    • C12P21/06Preparation of peptides or proteins produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of cubilose peptide, which comprises the following steps: s1, pretreating the clean cubilose; s2, mixing the pretreated cubilose and water according to a mass-volume ratio of 1: (4-10), fully mixing, then adjusting the pH to 6-8, adding a complex enzyme accounting for 0.1-1 wt% of the weight of the cubilose, and performing enzymolysis at 25-85 ℃ for 30-180 min to obtain an enzymolysis liquid; s3, carrying out enzyme deactivation on the obtained enzymolysis liquid, and carrying out centrifugal separation to obtain supernatant; and S4, concentrating and drying the obtained supernatant to obtain the cubilose peptide product. The compound enzyme is collagenase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in a mass ratio of (6-12): (2-4): (1-3) mixing. The bird's nest peptide product prepared by the method has the advantages of little loss of nutrient components, more than 60 percent of polypeptide content and more than 30 percent of sialic acid content, no need of manual wool picking, simple operation process, easy control, low cost and easy scale-up production.

Description

Preparation method of cubilose peptide
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, in particular to a method for preparing cubilose peptide.
Background
The bird's nest, also called as edible bird's nest and edible bird's vegetable, has very high nutritive value and medicinal value, and is called as "oriental caviar". The medicinal effect and medical value of cubilose are also recorded in the herbal standby. Therefore, the cubilose has long been regarded as a health-care food material with homology of medicine and food, and can be used for beautifying, moistening lung and promoting the secretion of saliva or body fluid. Researches show that the cubilose is rich in protein, amino acid, sialic acid, inorganic elements and the like, and has the effects of resisting oxidation, improving immunity, delaying senescence, resisting viruses, inhibiting hemagglutination, regulating intestinal flora and the like.
When the cubilose is processed, an important link is to pick hair, and the input of hair picking cost directly influences the cleanliness and quality of the cubilose. A high-quality swallow cup with up-to-standard cleanliness can be finished only by a series of steps of picking high-quality raw materials → 2-8 ℃ fresh-keeping storage → sorting → trimming corners → removing surface impurities → manually picking coarse hair → cleaning and sterilizing purified water → manually picking fine hair → detecting quality tubes → again finely picking → physical forming → drying by cold wind and the like. Therefore, the artificial wool picking speed is low and the yield is low.
When the edible bird's nest needs to be soaked, stewed and the like, and different soaking and stewing conditions greatly influence the maintenance of the nutrient components of the bird's nest. How to provide a quick and safe method for processing the cubilose with extremely low loss of nutrient components is a problem to be solved urgently in the current cubilose processing industry.
The main chemical components in the edible bird's nest include protein, carbohydrate, sialic acid, amino acid, water, small amount of fat, trace minerals, etc. It is known that the differences in the chemical components and characteristic components of the bird's nest are caused by the differences in the sources, types, picking seasons, and the like of the bird's nest. A great deal of research is carried out on the nutritional ingredients in the cubilose at home and abroad, and the protein and carbohydrate in the cubilose respectively account for 60 percent and 30 percent of the total mass.
Research shows that with the increase of human age, the ability of endocrine protease of human body is gradually reduced, and the digestion and absorption ability of the human body is also reduced, so that the nutrient substances of the edible bird's nest can not be fully utilized by eating the edible bird's nest according to the traditional method.
The bird's nest polypeptide is a protein fragment formed by connecting two or more amino acids through peptide bonds, has the characteristic of easy absorption, and has long been a hot spot for developing health care products and medicines. In the prior art, biological enzymes have been used to hydrolyze edible bird's nest into polypeptides to improve the utilization of nutrients contained in edible bird's nest, such as: the polypeptide is prepared by enzymolysis of cubilose with papain, trypsin and pepsin, and the cubilose is hydrolyzed into polypeptide by protease, which is not only beneficial to absorption of various nutrient substances, but also the polypeptide obtained by enzymolysis can show various biological activities beneficial to human health. However, the existing preparation methods have low polypeptide yield.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for preparing cubilose peptide.
A preparation method of cubilose peptide comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreating the clean cubilose;
s2, mixing the pretreated cubilose and water according to a mass-volume ratio of 1: (4-10), fully mixing, then adjusting the pH to 6-8, adding a complex enzyme accounting for 0.1-1 wt% of the weight of the cubilose, and performing enzymolysis at 25-85 ℃ for 30-180 min to obtain an enzymolysis liquid;
s3, carrying out enzyme deactivation on the obtained enzymolysis liquid, and carrying out centrifugal separation to obtain supernatant;
s4, concentrating and drying the obtained supernatant to obtain a bird' S nest peptide product;
the compound enzyme is collagenase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in a mass ratio of (6-12): (2-4): (1-3) mixing.
Preferably, in step S1, the pretreatment is a pulverization treatment, and the pulverization treatment is one or a combination of two or more of ultrafine pulverization, colloid mill pulverization, wall-breaking pulverization, ball mill pulverization, and homogenizer homogenization.
Preferably, the clean cubilose is crushed to 80-150 meshes.
Preferably, in the step S2, the adding amount of the complex enzyme is 0.2-0.8 wt% of the weight of the cubilose, the enzymolysis temperature is 30-80 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 60-150 min.
Preferably, in step S3, the enzyme deactivation is performed by boiling the enzymatic hydrolysate at a high temperature or adjusting the pH of the enzymatic hydrolysate to 12 to 14.
Preferably, in step S3, the enzyme deactivation is performed by boiling the enzymatic hydrolysate in a boiling water bath for 10-20 min.
Preferably, the cubilose is one of white cubilose, blood cubilose or hairy cubilose.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method has strong universality, the types of the cubilose are not limited, the white cubilose, the blood cubilose and the hairy cubilose can all obtain expected cubilose peptide products, when the hairy cubilose is used as a cubilose raw material, the feathers still exist in a solid form in the step S2 because the used compound enzyme can not carry out enzymolysis on the keratin of the feathers, and the feathers can be completely removed through solid-liquid separation in the step S3, so that manual feather picking is not needed;
(2) the bird's nest peptide product prepared by the method has little loss of nutrient components, the polypeptide content is more than 60 percent, and the sialic acid content is more than 30 percent;
(3) the complex enzymes used in the invention all belong to food additives allowed by the nation, and can be used in the food industry without treatment;
(4) the method of the invention does not need manual wool picking, has simple operation process, easy control, standardized equipment, low cost, easy enlarged production and convenient popularization and application.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
Example 1
S1, weighing 500g of clean collophanite, and crushing the collophanite to 120 meshes to obtain edible bird nest powder;
s2, adding 5kg of water into the obtained cubilose powder, then placing the cubilose powder into an extraction tank, stirring and mixing the mixture at 50 ℃, then adjusting the pH to 8, then adding 5g of compound enzyme, and carrying out enzymolysis for 120min to obtain an enzymolysis liquid, wherein the compound enzyme is collagenase, trypsin and chymotrypsin according to a mass ratio of 8: 2: 3, mixing to obtain the mixture;
s3, placing the enzymolysis liquid obtained in the step S2 in a boiling water bath to boil for 10min, inactivating enzyme, performing centrifugal separation, and collecting supernatant;
s4, concentrating and drying the supernatant collected in the step S3 to obtain 471g of cubilose peptide product, and detecting by GPC gel permeation chromatography, wherein the content of the polypeptide is 62.1%, and the content of the sialic acid is 31.1%.
Example 2
S1, weighing 500g of clean collophanite, and crushing the collophanite to 150 meshes to obtain edible bird nest powder;
s2, adding 2kg of water into the obtained cubilose powder, then placing the cubilose powder into an extraction tank, stirring and mixing the cubilose powder at the temperature of 80 ℃, then adjusting the pH value to 6, then adding 0.5g of complex enzyme, and carrying out enzymolysis for 120min to obtain an enzymolysis liquid, wherein the complex enzyme is collagenase, trypsin and chymotrypsin according to the mass ratio of 10: 4: 1, mixing the raw materials;
s3, placing the enzymolysis liquid obtained in the step S2 in a boiling water bath to boil for 10min, inactivating enzyme, performing centrifugal separation, and collecting supernatant;
s4, concentrating and drying the supernatant collected in the step S3 to obtain 467g of cubilose peptide product, and detecting by GPC gel permeation chromatography, wherein the content of the polypeptide is 63.2 percent and the content of the sialic acid is 31.8 percent.
Example 3
S1, weighing 500g of clean collophanite, and crushing the collophanite to 80 meshes to obtain edible bird nest powder;
s2, adding 3kg of water into the obtained cubilose powder, then placing the cubilose powder into an extraction tank, stirring and mixing the cubilose powder at 25 ℃, then adjusting the pH value to 7, then adding 2.5g of complex enzyme, and carrying out enzymolysis for 180min to obtain an enzymolysis liquid, wherein the complex enzyme is collagenase, trypsin and chymotrypsin according to a mass ratio of 8: 4: 3, mixing to obtain the mixture;
s3, placing the enzymolysis liquid obtained in the step S2 in a boiling water bath to boil for 15min, inactivating enzyme, performing centrifugal separation, and collecting supernatant;
s4, concentrating and drying the supernatant collected in the step S3 to obtain 465g of cubilose peptide product, and detecting by GPC gel permeation chromatography, wherein the content of the polypeptide is 62.5 percent, and the content of the sialic acid is 30.6 percent.
Example 4
S1, weighing 500g of clean blood swallow, and crushing the blood swallow to 100 meshes to obtain cubilose powder;
s2, adding 2kg of water into the obtained cubilose powder, then placing the cubilose powder into an extraction tank, stirring and mixing the cubilose powder at 45 ℃, adding 4.0g of complex enzyme, and carrying out enzymolysis for 150min to obtain an enzymolysis liquid, wherein the complex enzyme is collagenase, trypsin and chymotrypsin according to a mass ratio of 6: 2: 1, mixing the raw materials;
s3, adjusting the pH value of the enzymolysis liquid obtained in the step S2 to 12, inactivating enzyme, carrying out centrifugal separation, and collecting supernatant;
s4, concentrating and drying the supernatant collected in the step S3 to obtain 466g of cubilose peptide product, and detecting by GPC gel permeation chromatography, wherein the content of the polypeptide is 62.7 percent, and the content of the sialic acid is 31.7 percent.
Example 5
S1, weighing 500g of clean white swallow, and crushing the white swallow to 120 meshes to obtain cubilose powder;
s2, adding 4kg of water into the obtained cubilose powder, then placing the cubilose powder into an extraction tank, stirring and mixing the cubilose powder at 85 ℃, then adjusting the pH value to 7, then adding 1.0g of complex enzyme, and carrying out enzymolysis for 60min to obtain an enzymolysis liquid, wherein the complex enzyme is collagenase, trypsin and chymotrypsin according to the mass ratio of 12: 2: 3, mixing to obtain the mixture;
s3, adjusting the pH value of the enzymolysis liquid obtained in the step S2 to 13, inactivating enzyme, carrying out centrifugal separation, and collecting supernatant;
s4, concentrating and drying the supernatant collected in the step S3 to obtain 467g of cubilose peptide product, and detecting by GPC gel permeation chromatography, wherein the content of the polypeptide is 61.6 percent and the content of the sialic acid is 31.4 percent.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The preparation method of the cubilose peptide is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, pretreating the clean cubilose;
s2, mixing the pretreated cubilose and water according to a mass-volume ratio of 1: (4-10), fully mixing, then adjusting the pH to 6-8, adding a complex enzyme accounting for 0.1-1 wt% of the weight of the cubilose, and performing enzymolysis at 25-85 ℃ for 30-180 min to obtain an enzymolysis liquid;
s3, carrying out enzyme deactivation on the obtained enzymolysis liquid, and carrying out centrifugal separation to obtain supernatant;
s4, concentrating and drying the obtained supernatant to obtain a bird' S nest peptide product;
the compound enzyme is collagenase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in a mass ratio of (6-12): (2-4): (1-3) mixing.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pretreatment is pulverization in step S1, and the pulverization is performed by one or a combination of two or more of micronization, colloid mill pulverization, wall-breaking pulverization, ball mill pulverization, and homogenizer homogenization.
3. The method for preparing bird's nest peptide according to claim 2, characterized in that clean bird's nests are crushed to 80-150 meshes.
4. The method for preparing cubilose peptide according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the adding amount of the complex enzyme is 0.2-0.8 wt% of the weight of cubilose, the enzymolysis temperature is 30-80 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 60-150 min.
5. The method for preparing cubilose peptide according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the enzyme deactivation mode is to boil the enzymolysis liquid at high temperature or to adjust the pH of the enzymolysis liquid to 12-14.
6. The method for preparing cubilose peptide according to claim 5, wherein in step S3, the enzyme deactivation mode is to boil the enzymolysis liquid in a boiling water bath for 10-20 min.
7. The method for preparing cubilose peptide according to claim 1, wherein the cubilose is one of white cubilose, blood cubilose or hairy cubilose.
CN202010892221.XA 2020-08-31 2020-08-31 Preparation method of cubilose peptide Pending CN111944867A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113243526A (en) * 2021-05-06 2021-08-13 海南大洲金丝燕产业集团有限公司 Edible bird's nest acid extraction method for edible bird's nest processing
CN113322297A (en) * 2021-05-31 2021-08-31 菏泽牡丹产业技术研究院 Preparation method of peony and bird's nest composite protein peptide

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CN108148880A (en) * 2018-03-02 2018-06-12 姚之龙 A kind of method that sialic acid and oligopeptide mixture are prepared using hair bird's nest as raw material
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CN110551788A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-12-10 佛山科学技术学院 Preparation method of small-molecular bird's nest peptide rich in antioxidant peptide

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113243526A (en) * 2021-05-06 2021-08-13 海南大洲金丝燕产业集团有限公司 Edible bird's nest acid extraction method for edible bird's nest processing
CN113322297A (en) * 2021-05-31 2021-08-31 菏泽牡丹产业技术研究院 Preparation method of peony and bird's nest composite protein peptide

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