CN111935829A - Resource management algorithm based on heterogeneous network D2D communication - Google Patents
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Abstract
A resource management algorithm based on heterogeneous network D2D communication sets a protection area at the base station end to limit the interference of D2D users to the base station receiving cellular user signals; then grouping the D2D users outside the protection area according to a fuzzy clustering principle, reducing the mutual interference among D2D user links, and simultaneously realizing a scene that a plurality of D2D users multiplex a cellular user communication; finally, based on the principle that the D2D user communication can not seriously interfere the cellular user communication as the auxiliary communication, the cellular users which can reuse the spectrum resources for communication are selected for each D2D user group through the interruption probability so as to ensure the communication quality of the cellular users. The scheme not only effectively reduces the co-channel interference among users, but also improves the spectrum utilization rate, the system throughput and the fairness of D2D users.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a resource management technology, in particular to a resource management algorithm based on heterogeneous network D2D communication, and belongs to the field of wireless communication D2D communication.
Background
With the explosive growth of mobile terminals and the rapid increase of the demand of terminals for multimedia services, the conventional cellular communication cannot meet the demand of 5G communication, and high-speed data transmission is particularly important for ensuring the service quality of a mobile wireless communication system. D2D communication is a technology that allows two close-range end users to communicate directly under the control of a cellular system by multiplexing the cellular users' spectrum resources without relaying through a base station. The method has the characteristics of reducing the load of the base station, improving the utilization rate of the frequency spectrum, increasing the throughput of the system, reducing the power consumption of the system and the like. Thus, the present invention introduces D2D communication technology into the cellular network. However, when D2D users multiplex cellular user spectrum resources for communication in a non-orthogonal manner, complex co-channel interference is generated between D2D users and cellular users, and when the interference between users is serious, the communication quality of users is affected and even the communication is interrupted. Therefore, how to manage user communication resources to improve spectrum efficiency, and at the same time, reduce co-channel interference between users, thereby ensuring user communication quality and improving system performance has attracted extensive attention in recent years in academia and industry.
At present, from the current research situation at home and abroad, experts and scholars at home and abroad have conducted some research on resource management, interference coordination and the like, but the research focus is basically on the application of one D2D user multiplexing a cellular user spectrum resource one-to-one communication scene. In the traditional patent of resource allocation based on a heterogeneous network, the fairness of users is neglected by applying a communication scene, and the spectrum resources of the system cannot be fully utilized to realize the maximization of throughput. Therefore, the invention provides a resource management method for multiplexing a plurality of D2D users to communicate by using a cellular user spectrum resource.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: aiming at the problems of low utilization rate of frequency spectrum resources, serious co-channel interference and multiplexing communication of one frequency spectrum resource of a cellular user by only one D2D user in a heterogeneous network formed by the cellular user and the D2D user, the invention provides a resource management method, which reduces the complex co-channel interference between the cellular user and the D2D user on the premise of ensuring the communication quality of the cellular user and the D2D user, and simultaneously realizes that a plurality of D2D users multiplex a frequency spectrum resource communication scene of the cellular user so as to improve the utilization rate of the frequency spectrum resources, increase the system throughput and improve the fairness of the D2D user.
The invention discloses a resource management algorithm based on heterogeneous network D2D communication, which adopts the following technical scheme: consider a communication system in which multiple D2D users in a single cell reuse one cellular user spectrum resource. The system comprises a network access module, a network signal processing module, a protection area module, a D2D user weighted fuzzy clustering grouping module, a fairness analysis module and an interruption probability analysis module, wherein the functions of the specific modules are as follows.
1) A network access module: the communication system is used for the user to access the communication system through the internet signals. The system comprises a Base Station (BS) located in the center of a cell, wherein a cellular user set C is {1,2. The channel gain can be expressed as (1), where ω is the path loss coefficient, β is the fast fading gain, and is the slow fading gain, α is the path loss exponent, and d is the transmission distance between users.
G＝ωβd-α (1)
2) The network signal processing module: for the user to send or receive a communication request. When the D2D user multiplexes the spectrum resources of the cellular user for communication, the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of the base station side and the D2D user side are respectively expressed as (2) and (3), where P is the formulacAnd PdRepresenting the transmit power, G, of cellular and D2D users, respectivelycB、GdBAnd GdChannel gains, N, for cellular user to base station, D2D user to base station, and D2D user pairs, respectively0Is additive white gaussian noise, a represents whether the D2D user multiplexes the cellular user spectrum resource, when the D2D user multiplexes the cellular user spectrum resource, a is 1, otherwise, a is 0.
3) A protection area module: the method is used for ensuring that the cellular user can normally communicate, namely limiting the interference of the D2D user transmitting end to the base station. The size of the protection area set at the base station end is determined by the protection radius R and is expressed as formula (4), wherein IdBIs the interference of the D2D user to the base station, and the maximum transmission power P of the D2D usermaxDetermination of IdB＝PmaxGdBThe ITL is the interference temperature limit set by the regulatory authorities.
R＝inf{r0∈ddB|IdB≤ITL} (4)
D2D user weighted fuzzy cluster grouping module: the method is used for realizing that a plurality of D2D users reuse the spectrum resource of one cellular user. The grouping problem is expressed as (5), where μ is the fuzzy grouping matrix, Ω is the cluster center, μjnFor the degree of membership that the D2D user belongs to the group, m ∈ (1, ∞) is a fuzzy index, the larger m the higher the fuzzy degree, i | xj-xnAnd | is the distance between D2D users.
4) A fairness analysis module: the fairness of D2D users is analyzed through the jains fairness evaluation standard and is represented by a formula (6), wherein xjFor the transmission rate of D2D users, Q is the number of D2D users.
5) An interruption probability analysis module: for determining cellular users that multiplex spectrum resources for a group of D2D users. In consideration of communication reliability, the present invention sets the upper limit of the outage probability to (<1), and the outage probability of the cellular user multiplexed with the spectrum resource is expressed as (7).
Probility(γc≤β)≤ (7)。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method effectively solves the problem of complex co-channel interference among users through a protection area concept, a user grouping mode and interruption probability analysis.
According to the method, the communication scene that a plurality of D2D users multiplex a cellular user spectrum resource is realized, the system spectrum resource is fully utilized, and the spectrum utilization rate is improved.
Compared with the method that one D2D user multiplexes the frequency spectrum resource of one cellular user, the method ensures the fairness of the users for obtaining the wireless resources and effectively solves the problem of uneven distribution of the frequency spectrum resource of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a communication resource management algorithm of a heterogeneous network D2D, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single-cell heterogeneous network D2D communication system model, and fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication resource allocation structure of a heterogeneous network D2D.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a resource management algorithm based on heterogeneous network D2D communication, which comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing a communication system model of multiplexing a plurality of D2D users in a single cell with a cellular user spectrum resource;
(2) establishing a communication model of a cellular network and a D2D user according to the wireless communication system model established in the step (1), and judging whether the D2D user multiplexes cellular user spectrum resources;
(3) in order to ensure that the cellular user can normally communicate, the interference of a D2D user sending end to a base station is limited, and the interference is analyzed by limiting a protection radius;
(4) grouping D2D users by using weighted fuzzy clustering groups to realize that a plurality of D2D users multiplex the spectrum resources of a honeycomb user;
(5) analyzing fairness of the D2D user by using a jains fairness evaluation standard;
(6) in view of communication reliability, the D2D user group determines cellular users that multiplex spectrum resources and calculates outage probability.
The resource management algorithm based on the communication of the heterogeneous network D2D is implemented by the communication system model established in the step (1) according to the following specific procedures:
the model comprises a Base Station (BS) located in the center of the cell, a cellular user set C and a D2D user set D; the path loss coefficient is represented by omega, beta is fast fading gain and slow fading gain, alpha is path loss index, and d is the transmission distance between users; the channel gain may be expressed as:
G＝ωβd-α。
the resource management algorithm based on heterogeneous network D2D communication described above, the step (2) establishes a communication model between the cellular network and the D2D user, and determines whether the D2D user multiplexes cellular user spectrum resources; the method is implemented according to the following specific steps:
by PcAnd PdRepresenting the transmit power, G, of cellular and D2D users, respectivelycB、GdBAnd GdChannel gains, N, for cellular user to base station, D2D user to base station, and D2D user pairs, respectively0Is additive white gaussian noise, a represents whether the D2D user multiplexes the cellular user spectrum resource, when the D2D user multiplexes the cellular user spectrum resource, a is 1, otherwise, a is 0;
when the D2D user multiplexes the spectrum resource of the cellular user for communication, the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) at the base station side and the D2D user side are respectively expressed as:
in the resource management algorithm based on the communication of the heterogeneous network D2D, the step (3) manages the interference by limiting the protection radius, and is specifically implemented according to the following procedures:
when a D2D user multiplexes cellular user spectrum resource communication, a base station is interfered by a D2D user sending end, so that in order to ensure that the cellular user can normally communicate, the interference of the D2D user sending end to the base station is limited, a protection area is set at the base station end, and the D2D user communication is forbidden in the protection area;
by means of IdBRepresenting interference of D2D users to the base station, maximum transmit power P by D2D usersmaxDetermination of IdB＝PmaxGdBITL is the interference temperature limit set by the supervision authorities; the protection radius is expressed as:
R＝inf{r0∈ddB|IdB≤ITL}。
in the resource management algorithm based on the heterogeneous network D2D communication, in the step (4), the D2D users are grouped by using weighted fuzzy clustering groups, so that a plurality of D2D users multiplex the spectrum resources of one cellular user; the method comprises the following specific implementation processes:
according to the principle that the same cellular user spectrum resource is multiplexed and the distance is long, the D2D users outside the protection area are divided into N groups, and the communication scene that a plurality of D2D users multiplex the same cellular user spectrum resource is achieved. Considering different influences of various attribute values of the D2D user on grouping, determining according to actual observation statistics: (1) D2D user location information; (2) D2D user SINR requires, introduces characteristic weighting coefficient omega.
In the resource management algorithm based on the heterogeneous network D2D communication, in the step (5), the fairness of the D2D users is analyzed by using the jains fairness evaluation criteria; the method comprises the following specific implementation processes:
in order to realize that a plurality of D2D users multiplex a cellular user spectrum resource communication, x is usedjRepresenting the transmission rate of D2D users, Q being the number of D2D users, and the fairness of D2D users is represented as:
in the resource management algorithm based on heterogeneous network D2D communication described above, the step (5) determines the cellular users multiplexing the spectrum resources by the D2D user groups in consideration of communication reliability, and calculates the outage probability; the method comprises the following specific implementation processes:
based on the interruption probability, selecting a cellular user for each D2D user group to multiplex the spectrum resource communication by comparing the cellular user signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the multiplexed spectrum resource with a threshold value beta; setting the outage probability upper limit to (<1), the outage probability of the cellular user with multiplexed spectrum resources is expressed as:
Probility(γc≤β)≤
within the range of the interruption probability, normal communication is ensured.
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, the drawings are only used for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and therefore, the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, the type, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation can be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
The heterogeneous network D2D resource management algorithm system model of the invention is shown in FIG. 2. According to a communication resource allocation structure schematic diagram 3 of a heterogeneous network D2D, firstly, a mathematical model of each communication link channel and interference characteristics among users are analyzed; then according to the established system model, executing a protection area module, and setting a circular protection area with the radius of R around the base station positioned in the center of the cell, wherein the radius of the circular protection area is deduced to be (8) according to the existing conditions; then executing a D2D user weighted fuzzy clustering grouping module, dividing all D2D users outside a protection area in a cell into n groups according to a criterion, constructing a Lagrangian objective function (9) by using a Lagrangian multiplier method, and enabling each first-order partial derivative of the (9) to be 0 to obtain an optimized iterative formula (10) of user grouping (5); then, a fairness analysis module is executed to analyze the fairness of the D2D users, and according to (6), when the data transmission rate of the D2D users is more average, the corresponding fairness is higher; finally, an interruption probability analysis module is executed, cellular users of the multiplexing frequency spectrum resources are selected for each group obtained in the last step, and the system model can know the usersSince additive white gaussian noise in heterogeneous networks is negligible compared to co-channel interference, the outage probability can be expressed as (11), let Ij＝PdGdBThen, IjThe intalox of (A) can be expressed as (12), where λjFor the number of D2D users requesting communication of the multiplexed spectrum resources, I is obtained by performing inverse Laplace transform on (12)jAnd (3) combining (11) and (13) to obtain an interruption probability (14), wherein the interruption probability of the cellular users of the multiplexed spectrum resources is in direct proportion to the number of D2D users, the transmission power of D2D users and a cellular user threshold value beta of the multiplexed spectrum resources.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A resource management algorithm based on heterogeneous network D2D communication is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) establishing a communication system model of multiplexing a plurality of D2D users in a single cell with a cellular user spectrum resource;
(2) establishing a communication model of a cellular network and a D2D user according to the wireless communication system model established in the step (1), and judging whether the D2D user multiplexes cellular user spectrum resources;
(3) in order to ensure that the cellular user can normally communicate, the interference of a D2D user sending end to a base station is limited, and the interference is analyzed by limiting a protection radius;
(4) grouping D2D users by using weighted fuzzy clustering groups to realize that a plurality of D2D users multiplex the spectrum resources of a honeycomb user;
(5) analyzing fairness of the D2D user by using a jains fairness evaluation standard;
(6) in view of communication reliability, the D2D user group determines cellular users that multiplex spectrum resources and calculates outage probability.
2. The resource management algorithm based on communication of the heterogeneous network D2D according to claim 1, wherein the communication system model established in the step (1) is implemented by the following specific procedures:
the model comprises a Base Station (BS) located in the center of the cell, a cellular user set C and a D2D user set D; the path loss coefficient is represented by omega, beta is fast fading gain and slow fading gain, alpha is path loss index, and d is the transmission distance between users; the channel gain may be expressed as:
G＝ωβd-α。
3. the resource management algorithm based on D2D communication in heterogeneous network of claim 1, wherein the step (2) establishes a communication model between cellular network and D2D users, and makes a decision as to whether D2D users reuse cellular user spectrum resources; the method is implemented according to the following specific steps:
by PcAnd PdRepresenting the transmit power, G, of cellular and D2D users, respectivelycB、GdBAnd GdChannel gains, N, for cellular user to base station, D2D user to base station, and D2D user pairs, respectively0Is additive white gaussian noise, a represents whether the D2D user multiplexes the cellular user spectrum resource, when the D2D user multiplexes the cellular user spectrum resource, a is 1, otherwise, a is 0;
when the D2D user multiplexes the spectrum resource of the cellular user for communication, the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) at the base station side and the D2D user side are respectively expressed as:
4. the resource management algorithm based on communication of the heterogeneous network D2D according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) manages interference by limiting a protection radius, and is implemented by:
when a D2D user multiplexes cellular user spectrum resource communication, a base station is interfered by a D2D user sending end, so that in order to ensure that the cellular user can normally communicate, the interference of the D2D user sending end to the base station is limited, a protection area is set at the base station end, and the D2D user communication is forbidden in the protection area;
by means of IdBRepresenting interference of D2D users to the base station, maximum transmit power P by D2D usersmaxDetermination of IdB＝PmaxGdBITL is the interference temperature limit set by the supervision authorities; the protection radius is expressed as:
R＝inf{r0∈ddB|IdB≤ITL}。
5. the resource management algorithm based on D2D communication in heterogeneous network of claim 1, wherein the step (4) uses weighted fuzzy clustering grouping to group D2D users, which enables multiple D2D users to reuse the spectrum resource of a cellular user; the method comprises the following specific implementation processes:
according to the principle that the same cellular user spectrum resource is multiplexed and the distance is long, the D2D users outside the protection area are divided into N groups, and the communication scene that a plurality of D2D users multiplex the same cellular user spectrum resource is achieved. Considering different influences of various attribute values of the D2D user on grouping, determining according to actual observation statistics: (1) D2D user location information; (2) D2D user SINR requires, introduces characteristic weighting coefficient omega.
6. The heterogeneous network D2D communication-based resource management algorithm according to claim 1, wherein the step (5) analyzes fairness of D2D users using jains fairness evaluation criteria; the method comprises the following specific implementation processes:
in order to realize that a plurality of D2D users multiplex a cellular user spectrum resource communication, x is usedjRepresenting the transmission rate of D2D users, Q being the number of D2D users, and the fairness of D2D users is represented as:
7. the resource management algorithm based on D2D communication in heterogeneous network of claim 1, wherein the step (5) determines the cellular users multiplexing the spectrum resources by the D2D user groups in consideration of the communication reliability and calculates the outage probability; the method comprises the following specific implementation processes:
based on the interruption probability, selecting a cellular user for each D2D user group to multiplex the spectrum resource communication by comparing the cellular user signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the multiplexed spectrum resource with a threshold value beta; setting the outage probability upper limit to (<1), the outage probability of the cellular user with multiplexed spectrum resources is expressed as:
Probility(γc≤β)≤
within the range of the interruption probability, normal communication is ensured.
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| CN114614963A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Alternative optimization iterative user group selection method, electronic device and storage medium |
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