CN111931391A - Equipment combat test index system construction method oriented to combat effectiveness and applicability - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a construction method of an equipment combat test index system for combat effectiveness and applicability, which comprises the following steps of index screening: carrying out index analysis on weapon equipment combat test based on CPM; designing a CPM-based army weapon equipment combat test identification section; and generating a CPM-based army weapon equipment combat test identification index. The construction method of the equipment combat test index system for combat effectiveness and applicability, provided by the invention, can be used for constructing the combat test index system for integrating the equipment combat mission task into the equipment system from the perspective of whole-system full-life management of the equipment, so that the actual conditions of the equipment and the equipment system combat test are met, and the rationality of the equipment combat test conclusion is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of equipment combat tests, in particular to a construction method of an equipment combat test index system for combat effectiveness and applicability.
Background
At present, equipment test identification is established as an important part of equipment development, and particularly, the status of equipment combat tests and in-service examination is greatly strengthened. By innovation, equipment tests of the whole life cycle are unified and standardized into three categories of performance tests, operation tests and in-service examination. The equipment combat test is mainly implemented by combining military equipment test units, armies, military colleges and universities and training bases, and the equipment combat efficiency, the combat applicability, the system applicability and the in-service applicability are mainly examined.
The construction of a combat test index system is an important content of the combat test work of equipment. Whether the design of the combat test index system is scientific and reasonable directly relates to the scientificity of equipment combat test design, the integrity of data acquisition and the credibility of test evaluation, and directly influences the quality benefit of the equipment combat test. Because the new equipment test identification system of our army is not long in establishment time, equipment combat test work is still in a test point exploration stage, a set of equipment combat test index system which is clear in structure, complete in content and convenient to use does not exist, and theories and methods for constructing the equipment combat test index system are also in a research and discussion stage.
The No. 45 No. 3 of the fire and command control in 3 months of 2020 discloses a method for constructing and optimizing an assessment index system of weapons combat experiments by Wuxi, Wang iron tiger and Gaoshui, which comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that the equipment combat test evaluation index system is a basic point for designing, implementing and comprehensively evaluating combat tests and is a bridge for connecting an evaluation method with an evaluation object. In the method, the construction of the combat test index system and the combination of the combat test section are not tight enough, and an effective solution cannot be provided for the activity organization and implementation of the combat test.
The ' twenty th Chinese system simulation technology and its academic annual meeting prosecution collection of application in 2019 discloses a research on the ' equipment combat trial efficacy evaluation index system construction method ' with strong Zhao aspiration, the contents of which are: the construction of an equipment combat test efficiency evaluation index system is an important content of combat tests and simulation evaluation work. Whether the design of the index system is scientific and reasonable directly relates to the scientificity of test design, the completeness of data acquisition and the credibility of simulation test evaluation, and directly influences the quality benefit of the battle test. The method provides a construction process, requirements and principles of the operational effectiveness evaluation index by analyzing the characteristics and the composition of the operational effectiveness evaluation index of the equipment, provides a typical method for constructing an index system and determining an index threshold value, and provides reference for developing the design of an equipment operational identification test and the evaluation of a simulation test. The method only designs the efficiency evaluation index of the equipment combat test, does not relate to indexes such as combat applicability, system applicability and in-service applicability of the equipment, and cannot support the construction of an equipment combat test index system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the method for constructing the equipment combat test index system for the combat effectiveness and the applicability, which is provided by the invention, can be used for constructing the combat test index system for the equipment combat mission and integrating into the equipment system from the perspective of the whole-system whole-life management of the equipment, so that the actual conditions of the combat test of the equipment and the equipment system are met, and the rationality of the conclusion of the combat test of the equipment is ensured.
The invention aims to provide a construction method of an equipment combat test index system for combat effectiveness and applicability, which comprises the following steps of index screening:
step 1: carrying out index analysis on weapon equipment combat test based on CPM;
step 2: designing a CPM-based army weapon equipment combat test identification section;
and step 3: and generating a CPM-based army weapon equipment combat test identification index.
Preferably, the weaponry combat test indicators include combat effectiveness, combat suitability, system suitability, and in-service suitability.
In any of the above aspects, preferably, the index screening means selecting an appropriate index for different equipment combat test activities for equipment combat test identification.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the step 1 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 11: analyzing the principle and application of constructing a combat test index system of equipment;
step 12: clear concept, definition, level and relation of equipment combat test indexes;
step 13: and (4) providing a CPM-based test evaluation method, and establishing an index attribute analysis table based on the key path.
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that the actual potency value is usedTa i-j Ideal limit valueTe i-j And a threshold valueTd i-j To comparatively analyze the effectiveness value of the army weaponry combat test.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the judgment rule of the effect value is whether the rule conforms toTe i-j <Ta i-j <Td i-j Condition of (1), actual efficacy valueTa i-j The smaller, the higher the efficacy.
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the composition is practically usableTa i-j Greater than a threshold valueTd i-j Then, the judgment equipment does not meet military requirements; when in actual useTa i-j Less than or equal to the threshold valueTd i-j And meanwhile, the judging equipment meets military requirements.
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that the actual potency value isTa i-j When the current task based on the critical path method is used, the formula is as follows:
wherein,W i-j is made to be constantC i-j The current task under the conditions of the task,C i-j as a condition of the current task,Na i-j is made to be constantI i-j The actual performance value of the current task under the index condition,I i-j is an index system that influences the efficacy value of the current task.
In any of the above aspects, it is preferable that the ideal limit value isTe i-j When the ideal limit of the current task based on CPM is indicated, the formula is as follows:
wherein,Ne i-j is made to be constantI i-j And finishing the current task under the index condition and obtaining a limit value estimated by equipment performance.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the threshold valueTd i-j When the current task threshold based on the critical path method is used, the formula is as follows:
wherein,Nd i-j is made to be constantI i-j The equipment has to meet the military threshold requirement under the index condition for completing the current task.
The invention provides a construction method of an equipment combat test index system for combat effectiveness and applicability, which is characterized in that indexes for constructing combat test identification are selected through a key path method, a test profile is designed through key path thinking, and the combat test indexes are identified and evaluated through the key path method, so that a plurality of contradictions existing in the construction of the current index system are solved.
CPM, Critical path method, refers to a Critical path method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of a combat performance and applicability oriented equipment combat test indicator architecture construction method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a CPM-based weapon equipment combat test index analysis method according to the combat effectiveness and applicability-oriented equipment combat test index system construction method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a test condition and a test index chart of an embodiment of the CPM method of the equipment combat test index system construction method oriented to combat effectiveness and applicability according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a model diagram of a battle test for a critical path according to an embodiment of the equipment battle test index system construction method for battle effectiveness and applicability of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a CPM network diagram configuration representation method of the equipment combat test index system construction method oriented to combat effectiveness and applicability according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the figures and the specific examples.
Example one
A method for constructing an equipment combat test index system for combat effectiveness and applicability is based on a key path, indexes for constructing combat test identification are selected through a key path method, a test profile is designed through key path thinking, and the combat test indexes are identified and evaluated through the key path method, so that a plurality of contradictions existing in the construction of the current index system are solved. A construction method of an equipment combat test index system for combat effectiveness and applicability is disclosed, namely an index system construction method based on a critical path.
As shown in fig. 1, step 100 is performed, including performing index screening. The index screening means that a proper index is selected for equipment combat test identification aiming at different equipment combat test activities. The index can be further decomposed into task completion degree and survivability; the system has the advantages of usability, reliability, maintainability, testability, supportability, deployability, environmental adaptability, safety, human-computer combination, compatibility, interoperation, interchangeability and other indexes. According to the key path idea, not all indexes need to be tested and examined when one equipment combat test activity is developed. And selecting a proper index to be distinguished for equipment combat trial identification.
The weapon equipment combat test indexes comprise combat effectiveness, combat applicability, system applicability and in-service applicability. A CPM-based land army weapon equipment combat test index system construction method is characterized in that the main body is used for measuring the effectiveness when a specified task is completed. Factors affecting the critical stage were analyzed by experimentation. A mathematical model of the CPM-based army weapon equipment combat test index system construction method comprises three parts, namely a stage task, equipment for completing the task and time for completing the task. The formula is as follows:
1)T i-j when the task of the current stage is completed;
2)W i-j is made to be constantC i-j Current stage task under condition;
3)C i-j setting a test condition for the task at the current stage, wherein the test condition is generally a condition matrix;
4)N i-j is made to be constantI i-j Equipment under the condition is used for finishing the performance value expressed by the task at the current stage;
5)I i-j for the index affecting the task performance value at the current stage, it should be a matrix in general.
According to the key path thought, the combat progress is divided into N stages, each stage is continuously decomposed into small stages, and the combat task corresponding to each small stage is the task in the current stage. The stage task quantity is influenced by two conditions, namely a task profile influence factor and a test profile influence factor. The mission profile is determined by constraints including mission, combat style, combat actions, and the like, with different missions and missionsThe stage tasks are different according to the affairs, different combat styles and different combat actions. The influence factors of the test profile comprise the effects of operational threats, weather and geographical environments and the like, different threats, different weather and weather, different environments and different task volumes. Thus, it is possible to provideC i-j I.e. a matrix of these factors, the determination of the task volume must be determined under certain conditions. The determination of the test conditions is determined according to the specific test purpose and the test requirements, as shown in FIG. 3.
The completion of corresponding combat tasks by weaponry is influenced by index factors of the weaponry, such as survivability, reliability and the like. The construction of an index system based on the critical path method is to analyze whether the indexes meet the combat requirements through equipment combat test activities. Different equipment assessment indexes are different, and the indexes concerned in different stages are also different.
Using actual efficacy valuesTa i-j Ideal limit valueTe i-j And a threshold valueTd i-j To comparatively analyze the effectiveness value of the army weaponry combat test.
1. Actual efficacy values. The current task time based on the critical path method, i.e. the actual performance value, has the following formula:
1)Ta i-j for completing the current task;
2)W i-j is made to be constantC i-j A current task under conditions;
3)C i-j the condition matrix is the condition of the current task;
4)Na i-j is made to be constantI i-j Under the index condition, the actual effect value expressed by the current task is completed;
5)I i-j to influence the currentAnd the index system of the task efficiency value is an index matrix.
2. Ideal limit values. When the ideal limit of the current task based on the critical path method is used, namely the actual efficiency value, the formula is as follows:
1)Te i-j when the task is used for finishing the current task limit;
2)W i-j is made to be constantC i-j A current task under conditions;
3)C i-j the condition matrix is the condition of the current task;
4)Ne i-j is made to be constantI i-j Under the index condition, finishing the limit value of the current task estimated by the equipment performance;
5)I i-j the index system influencing the efficiency value of the current task is an index matrix.
3. A threshold value. When the current task threshold based on the critical path method is used, namely the threshold value, the formula is as follows:
1)Td i-j when the current task threshold is used, three levels can be given, wherein the battle requirement is given, the historical data or the simulation data is given, and the baseline comparison is given.
2)W i-j Is made to be constantC i-j A current task under conditions;
3)C i-j the condition matrix is the condition of the current task;
4)Nd i-j is made to be constantI i-j Under the index condition, the military threshold requirement which must be met by equipment for completing the current task is met;
5)I i-j the index system influencing the efficiency value of the current task is an index matrix.
4. The evaluation rule of the efficacy value is as follows:
whether or not to conform toTe i-j <Ta i-j <Td i-j Condition of (1), actual efficacy valueTa i-j The smaller, the higher the efficacy.
1) When in actual useTa i-j Greater than a threshold valueTd i-j Then, the judgment equipment does not meet military requirements;
2) when in actual useTa i-j Less than or equal to the threshold valueTd i-j And constantly, judging equipment meets military requirements.
In step 110, as shown in FIG. 2, step 111 is performed to analyze the principle use of the rig battle test indicator architecture construction. Step 112 is executed to clarify the concept, definition, hierarchy and relationship of the combat test indexes of the equipment. And step 113, a CPM-based test evaluation method is provided, and an index attribute analysis table based on the critical path is established.
Step 120 is performed, where the CPM-based military weaponry combat trial qualification profile design. The combat test is a test carried out in an actual combat process under an environment similar to actual combat, and aims to analyze the combat effectiveness and applicability of equipment under different combat conditions. Therefore, a mission profile and a test profile need to be studied. According to the key path idea, the invention provides a test profile concept, namely, the test profile concept is formed after test conditions are superposed on the basis of a task profile.
The operational test task section refers to the time sequence description of major task activities experienced by troops and equipment in the operational task process under a certain military background, namely the operational process, for completing the operational test identification work of weapons and equipment. The CPM-based army weapon equipment combat test index system construction method divides the combat progress into three large stages as shown in FIG. 4. The stages 1, 2, and 3 are in parallel, the stages 4 and 5 are in parallel, and the stages 6 and 7 are in parallel. The big stage 1 is ended and enters the next big stage 2, the big stage 2 is ended and enters the big stage 3, and the key factor influencing the entering of the next stage is the stage with the most time consumption of the parallel stages in the big stage, which is called as the key stage, if the stage 2 is the longest time consumption in the big stage 1, the stage 2 is the key stage of the big stage 1, the key stages are connected together to form the key path, and T2- > T5- > T6 is the key path. The method for constructing the identification index system of the weapon and equipment combat test based on the critical path is researched, namely, analysis is measured by the time for completing tasks in the specified critical path. And analyzing factors influencing the key stages through tests to establish index system factors influencing the efficiency of each stage.
The network graph in the key phase consists of three elements of tasks, nodes and paths, and the representation method is shown in fig. 5. Tasks can be divided into real and virtual tasks: the real task refers to a specific executable task, needs to consume resources such as time and the like, and is represented by a solid line with an arrow; virtual tasks are not a concrete task, do not digest any resources, merely represent logical relationships between tasks, and are represented by dashed lines with arrows. Nodes represent the beginning or end of a task and are represented by circles. In the CPM network graph, the path from the starting point to the end point is called a critical path, which takes the longest time.
Step 130 is executed, and the identification index of the army weaponry combat test based on CPM is generated. According to the key path idea, the constructed army weapon equipment combat test index system is closely combined with the actual work of equipment combat test identification, and has the characteristics of testability, operability and evaluability. The constructed index system is different from the traditional index system and is no longer the mode of index + numerical value. But contains three elements of a combat task, a test condition and an index, and has the characteristics of clear hierarchy, clear task, condition and index, good testability, strong operability and easy evaluation. The method comprises six steps of establishing an index system based on a key path method, namely determining an equipment main body, determining a focus visual angle, determining a stage task, refining condition setting, index analysis cutting and index matching generation.
The invention can take military requirements as the first link of the first demonstration of the index system, closely combine equipment fighting efficiency and applicability with equipment fighting application, take military requirements and mission tasks as traction, construct the index system of the equipment fighting efficiency and applicability, facilitate unified understanding and implementation of people in different fields, solve the outstanding problems of incomplete index design system, unscientific and reasonable index design and the like existing in the current equipment fighting test, provide scientific and standardized demonstration and design method for constructing and optimizing the index system of the equipment fighting test, and effectively improve the design level of the equipment fighting test.
Example two
In this embodiment, XXX travel is constructed as an index system of a battle test in a mountain forest land with attack battle as a background and relatively low enemy confrontation strength. As shown in table 1, the task phase of XXX travel can be divided into four phases, namely pre-deployment phase, battle, continuous battle, and so on. The task stage of the reconnaissance information subsystem can be divided into stages of gathering, deployment, reconnaissance and monitoring, information processing and the like, wherein the stages are two stages before deployment and deployment corresponding to the travel level, and the task of the reconnaissance and monitoring, information processing and the like is continuously completed by the reconnaissance information subsystem in the combat stage. And the system can be continuously decomposed into two groups of teams and equipment and seats, the examination is carried out by a combat test of the travel-level reconnaissance subsystem, so that the visual angle is gathered on the travel-level reconnaissance information subsystem, and the task is decomposed into a subgroup level.
TABLE 1 reconnaissance information system combat test task profile
Factors influencing the reconnaissance and reconnaissance information subsystem comprise the time of day, the weather, the road environment and the reconnaissance threat degree, and the entire background is the defense of the enemy, so that the fact that the enemy finds attacks from the enemy at the stage is used as the input of defense preparation. According to the test design method, a plurality of tests are arranged at the stage, and because the single-package and subsystem level tests are completed in the early stage and the related data is familiar, the test influence factors of the reconnaissance information subsystem are directly arranged as shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 Experimental section for the operational test of the scout information system
The battle test is an index system of the battle test with the background of attack battle and the lower enemy confrontation strength in the mountain forest land. Therefore, the operational test indexes are mainly examined by task completion, and the survivability of the operation test is not examined in the operation because the operation test indexes are defended by weak enemies and do not carry out reconnaissance, electromagnetic interference and force attack. The indexes of availability, testability, interoperation, interchangeability and compatibility are examined in the early stage of the test, and the key examination is not performed in the whole system stage. Therefore, the indexes of the investigation intelligence system for the emphasis examination are shown in Table 3. And marking X as a key assessment index.
TABLE 3 Scoring information system combat test index tailoring
The key index is the fighting efficiency of the reconnaissance information system, namely the task completion capability, and is influenced by four capabilities, namely the system set-up capability and whether a network can be set up and connected rapidly; secondly, maneuvering deployment capability, namely capability of maneuvering to enemy frontier paroxysmal reconnaissance; thirdly, the information acquisition and transmission capability, namely the scouting operation capability of each scouting group; and fourthly, the information processing capability, namely the timeliness and the accuracy of the scout information system for processing the target data reported by the group, and the capability of generating scout information products such as enemy deployment, target lists and the like. The relationship of these capabilities to task phases is shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 Scoring intelligence system equipment capability and task relationship
The travel base refers to a reconnaissance information group, which is the center of information planning, receiving, processing and analyzing of the travel, and is mainly characterized in that the task of the assessment system is set up in the aggregation stage and is measured by deployment and guarantee indexes; the task completion capability, reliability, security and deployability are mainly evaluated in the deployment stage; the assessment task is completed in the information processing stage, and mainly comprises the information tasks of receiving, processing, analyzing and the like, and the system reliability and the man-machine associativity.
The tourist scout intelligence team consists of nine subgroups. Respectively an aerial reconnaissance group, a near reconnaissance group 1, a near reconnaissance group 2, a near reconnaissance group 3, a near reconnaissance group 4, a post-enemy reconnaissance group 1, a post-enemy reconnaissance group 2, a post-enemy reconnaissance group 3 and a post-enemy reconnaissance group 4. The main task of the system is to complete day and night reconnaissance tasks through aerial unmanned aerial vehicle reconnaissance, wheel type light reconnaissance and portable reconnaissance equipment. The examination is mainly carried out in the stages of deployment, reconnaissance and monitoring, and the examination contents are respectively as follows: in the deployment stage, the reliability, the deployment performance and the like are mainly evaluated when the task in the designated region is completed; in the detection and monitoring stage, the completion conditions of the tasks of finding, positioning and identifying targets are mainly examined, and the reliability, man-machine combination, safety, environmental applicability and the like of the equipment are examined.
The reconnaissance group of the synthetic combat group consists of four groups. Respectively comprises 1 group of armor reconnaissance, 2 groups of armor reconnaissance, 1 group of ground reconnaissance and 2 groups of ground reconnaissance. The main task is to attack the front enemy reconnaissance. In the deployment stage, the reliability, the deployment performance and the like are mainly evaluated when the task in the designated region is completed; in the detection and monitoring stage, the completion conditions of the tasks of finding, positioning and identifying targets are mainly examined, and the reliability, man-machine combination, safety, environmental applicability and the like of the equipment are examined. The matching relationship between the operational test indexes and the mission phases of the reconnaissance subsystem is shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 match relationship between operational test indexes and task stages of scout subsystem
An index system constructed based on the CPM method comprises three major factors, namely, task completion, test conditions and index factors. The test section situation and the test condition situation have been analyzed, so when the index is written, the detailed description of the test condition part is omitted, and the detailed survey information subsystem combat test index system is shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 operational test indexes of scout information subsystem
The present embodiment focuses on a reconnaissance information subsystem, so that the operational efficiency, operational applicability and system contribution are set of indicators listed with the subsystem as the focus. And corresponding index sets can be written out according to the requirements of tasks of all levels by the index systems of other different levels.
For a better understanding of the present invention, the foregoing detailed description has been given in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, but not with the intention of limiting the invention thereto. Any simple modifications of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. In the present specification, each embodiment is described with emphasis on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the respective embodiments may be referred to each other. For the system embodiment, since it basically corresponds to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of an equipment combat test index system for combat effectiveness and applicability comprises index screening, and is characterized by further comprising the following steps:
step 1: carrying out index analysis on weapon equipment combat test based on CPM;
step 2: designing a CPM-based army weapon equipment combat test identification section;
and step 3: and generating a CPM-based army weapon equipment combat test identification index.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the weapons and equipment combat test targets include operational effectiveness, operational applicability, system applicability, and in-service applicability.
3. The method for constructing the equipment combat test index system oriented to combat effectiveness and applicability according to claim 2, wherein the index screening means selecting suitable indexes for different equipment combat test activities for equipment combat test identification.
4. The combat performance and applicability oriented equipment combat test indicator system construction method according to claim 3, wherein said step 1 comprises the following substeps:
step 11: analyzing the principle and application of constructing a combat test index system of equipment;
step 12: clear concept, definition, level and relation of equipment combat test indexes;
step 13: and (4) providing a CPM-based test evaluation method, and establishing an index attribute analysis table based on the key path.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the actual effectiveness value is used as the actual effectiveness valueTa i-j Ideal limit valueTe i-j And a threshold valueTd i-j To comparatively analyze the effectiveness value of the army weaponry combat test.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the criterion of effectiveness value is whether the criterion is satisfiedTe i-j <Ta i-j <Td i-j Condition of (1), actual efficacy valueTa i-j The smaller, the higher the efficacy.
7. The combat effectiveness and applicability oriented equipment combat test indicator system construction method of claim 6, wherein the construction method is used in practiceTa i-j Greater than a threshold valueTd i-j Then, the judgment equipment does not meet military requirements; when in actual useTa i-j Less than or equal to the threshold valueTd i-j And meanwhile, the judging equipment meets military requirements.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the actual performance value is the actual performance valueTa i-j When the current task based on the critical path method is used, the formula is as follows:
wherein,W i-j is made to be constantC i-j The current task under the conditions of the task,C i-j as a condition of the current task,Na i-j is made to be constantI i-j The actual performance value of the current task under the index condition,I i-j is an index system that influences the efficacy value of the current task.
9. The combat performance and applicability oriented equipment combat test indicator system construction method of claim 8 wherein said ideal limit valueTe i-j When the ideal limit of the current task based on CPM is indicated, the formula is as follows:
wherein,Ne i-j is made to be constantI i-j And finishing the current task under the index condition and obtaining a limit value estimated by equipment performance.
10. The combat effectiveness and applicability oriented equipment combat test indicator system construction method of claim 9 wherein said threshold valueTd i-j When the current task threshold based on the critical path method is used, the formula is as follows:
wherein,Nd i-j is made to be constantI i-j The equipment has to meet the military threshold requirement under the index condition for completing the current task.
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