CN111928759B - Differential mechanism semi-axis gear selects pad to transfer clearance and uses comparison measuring device - Google Patents
Differential mechanism semi-axis gear selects pad to transfer clearance and uses comparison measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111928759B CN111928759B CN202010743193.5A CN202010743193A CN111928759B CN 111928759 B CN111928759 B CN 111928759B CN 202010743193 A CN202010743193 A CN 202010743193A CN 111928759 B CN111928759 B CN 111928759B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0002—Arrangements for supporting, fixing or guiding the measuring instrument or the object to be measured
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B5/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
- G01B5/061—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness height gauges
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comparison and measurement device for selecting pads and adjusting gaps of differential half-shaft gears, which comprises: the differential mechanism comprises a differential mechanism shell positioning and clamping mechanism, a half axle gear return spring, a half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism, a half axle gear clamping mechanism and a dial indicator measuring mechanism; the differential shell positioning and clamping mechanism is provided with a differential shell positioning sleeve and a pneumatic clamping mechanism; the half axle gear return spring jacks up the half axle gear to be tested and the half axle gear clamping mechanism; the half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism is provided with a short trapezoidal screw drive, a linear guide rail, a sliding block, a mounting positioning plate and a balancing weight; the half axle gear clamping mechanism is provided with an expansion clamping device; the dial indicator measuring mechanism is provided with a long trapezoidal screw drive, a linear guide rail, a sliding block, a dial indicator mounting positioning plate, a balance block and a dial indicator measuring device. The whole set of device has low manufacturing cost and high detection precision, and is suitable for selecting pads and adjusting gaps of differential half-shaft gears of different types.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of gap adjusting assembly of differential half-shaft gear selecting pads, and relates to a comparison and measurement device for gap adjusting of differential half-shaft gear selecting pads.
Background
The differential mechanism is widely applied to the field of power transmission of automobiles and the like, mainly comprises a left half axle gear, a right half axle gear, planetary gears on two sides and a differential mechanism shell, and has the main functions of transmitting input power of an engine and the like to each driving wheel in a speed reduction manner, adjusting the running rotating speed of each driving path according to different running working conditions of each driving wheel and playing a role of power transmission with differential speed and no torque difference. The differential is used as a precise power transmission part and comprises a differential shell and a plurality of groups of bevel gear sleeves which are meshed with each other. Under the influence of manufacturing errors of batch products, the differential shell and each bevel gear sleeve have large accumulated errors before actual assembly, and in order to eliminate the influence of the accumulated errors on the differential, adjusting gaskets are usually added on the two sides of a left side gear and a right side gear. Thus, the correct selection of the thickness of the side gear spacer becomes a key to quality control of the differential assembly.
At present, a plurality of methods for adjusting the clearance of a differential gear half-shaft gear pad selection are available, and a simpler method is to place an assembled differential assembly on a detection table, place a detection mandrel in an inner hole of a half-shaft gear to be detected, measure and strike a fixed dial indicator on the upper end surface of the mandrel, and manually shift the half-shaft gear to be detected up and down by an operator to detect the actual clearance value of the half-shaft gear to be detected in the differential assembly. The method is simple and applicable, but the required specified acting force for zero-clearance meshing between the half axle gear to be measured and the planetary gear is not considered, so that the half axle gear to be measured does not stay at the lowest limit position of the differential case, the actual single-tooth measured value of the half axle gear to be measured is unstable and has large variation, and the detected values of different operators cannot be unified frequently.
In the existing scheme for adjusting the gap of the differential half-shaft gear pad selection, some schemes only solve the problem of the half-shaft gear clamping mechanism, the half-shaft gear clamping mechanism is used as a set of tool, and the actual gap value of the half-shaft gear to be detected is detected by manually shifting the tool up and down by an operator. The method is similar to the simple method, but the specified acting force required by zero-clearance meshing between the half axle gear to be detected and the planetary gear is still not considered, the efficiency of the whole detection process is extremely low, the factors generating measurement errors are too many, and the method is not good in practical operation. Some schemes have solved the axle side gear and selected to fill up and transfer the clearance problem, but do not consider easy and simple to handle in the design for the unable direct arrangement of assembled differential mechanism subassembly detects, still need disassemble differential mechanism subassembly earlier, places the detection dabber again, just can detect the axle side gear that awaits measuring singly, makes whole process need dismantle the differential mechanism subassembly many times repeatedly, and its detection efficiency can't effectively improve. The scheme in addition has differential mechanism half axle gear and selects pad to transfer the clearance function, but does not possess the high function of comparison measurement differential mechanism casing tooth axle center, and differential mechanism casing tooth axle center height selects the pad to transfer the categorised important basis of differential mechanism casing before the clearance as the half axle gear, and under the supplementary condition of no frock, its it is measured the degree of difficulty very big, is difficult to classify and gather differential mechanism casing in batches.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the differential half-shaft gear pad gap adjusting comparison and measurement device is low in manufacturing cost, high in detection precision and suitable for different types of differential half-shaft gear pad gap adjusting.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a differential mechanism semi-axis gear selects pad to transfer clearance and uses comparison measuring device includes: the differential mechanism comprises a differential mechanism shell positioning and clamping mechanism, a half axle gear return spring, a half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism, a half axle gear clamping mechanism and a dial indicator measuring mechanism;
the differential shell positioning and clamping mechanism is provided with a differential shell positioning sleeve and a pneumatic clamping mechanism, the differential shell positioning sleeve is used for positioning the differential shell, and the pneumatic clamping mechanism is used for clamping the differential shell;
the half axle gear return spring is used for jacking the half axle gear to be tested and the half axle gear clamping mechanism which are integrated into a rigid body, so that the half axle gear to be tested is kept and stays at the uppermost limit position of the differential case;
the half-axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism is provided with a short trapezoidal screw rod drive, a linear guide rail and a sliding block, an installation positioning plate and a balancing weight, the short trapezoidal screw rod drive is used for realizing the ascending or descending of the whole mechanism, the linear guide rail and the sliding block are used for realizing the positioning and the guiding of the whole mechanism, the installation positioning plate and the balancing weight are used for realizing the connection with the half-axle gear clamping mechanism and realizing the specified acting force of the half-axle gear to be tested and the planetary gear under the zero-clearance tooth socket meshing, so that the half-axle gear to be tested is kept and stays at the lowest limit position of the differential mechanism shell;
the half axle gear clamping mechanism is provided with an expansion clamping device and is used for realizing expansion holding of the half axle gear clamping mechanism and the internal spline hole of the half axle gear to be tested, so that the half axle gear to be tested and the half axle gear clamping mechanism form a rigid whole;
the dial indicator measuring mechanism is provided with a long trapezoidal screw rod drive, the linear guide rail, a slide block, a dial indicator mounting positioning plate, a balance block and a dial indicator measuring device; the long trapezoidal screw rod drive is used for realizing fine adjustment between a measuring head of the dial indicator and a measured end face, and the linear guide rail and the sliding block are used for realizing positioning and guiding of the measuring mechanism of the dial indicator; the dial indicator installation positioning plate and the balance block are used for being connected with the dial indicator base and achieving the gravity balance of the dial indicator installation positioning plate and the balance block on the two sides of the linear guide rail, and the dial indicator measuring device is used for achieving the measurement of the actual clearance value of the half axle gear to be measured.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the half axle gear clamping mechanism and the half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism are in non-rigid connection.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the differential shell positioning and clamping mechanism comprises a bottom cylinder, a differential shell positioning sleeve, a bottom cylinder opening gasket and a bottom cylinder connecting rivet;
the differential assembly is positioned by means of the matching holes and the supporting end surfaces on the positioning sleeve of the differential shell.
The further technical scheme is as follows: when both the left and right side gears on the differential assembly are assembled, the clamping force of the differential assembly is provided by the compressive spring force of the side gear return spring;
when the differential assembly is only assembled with one side gear to be tested, the differential assembly is fixedly connected by means of the bottom cylinder opening gasket and the bottom cylinder connecting rivet, and the clamping force of the differential assembly is provided by the bottom cylinder.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism comprises a short trapezoidal screw hand wheel, a short trapezoidal screw, a short linear guide rail, a trapezoidal screw nut, a sliding block, a balancing weight, an installation positioning plate and a long linear guide rail;
the mounting positioning plate realizes positioning and guiding on the differential gear pad selecting and gap adjusting comparison measuring device by means of the short linear guide rail, the long linear guide rail and the sliding block; the mounting positioning plate moves up and down by means of the short trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel, the short trapezoidal lead screw and the trapezoidal lead screw nut;
the trapezoidal screw nut adopts a reverse buckling type non-fixed connection mode, the half-axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism presses down on the mounting flange surface of the trapezoidal screw nut by means of gravity, and when the half-axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism descends and presses the half-axle gear to be detected, the trapezoidal screw nut is separated from the mounting positioning plate;
the balancing weight is connected with the mounting positioning plate through a screw, and the weight of the balancing weight determines the acting force between the half axle gear to be measured and the planetary gear.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the half axle gear clamping mechanism comprises a half axle gear locking handle, a half axle gear positioning sleeve and an expansion sleeve;
the half axle gear positioning sleeve is positioned and abutted against the spline hole in the half axle gear to be measured, and the weight of the half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism is transmitted to the half axle gear to be measured; and the half shaft gear locking handle rotates to realize the tensioning or loosening of the expansion sleeve and the half shaft gear to be tested.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the dial indicator measuring mechanism comprises a dial indicator mounting positioning plate, a differential case gear shaft center height dial indicator, a half axle gear pad selecting and gap adjusting dial indicator, a long trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel, a long trapezoidal lead screw, the long linear guide rail, a sliding block fixing part, a balance block, a height equal cushion block, a standard corrector, a trapezoidal lead screw nut and a sliding block;
the dial indicator installation positioning plate realizes positioning and guiding on the differential gear pad selecting and gap adjusting comparison measuring device by means of the long straight guide rail and the sliding block; the dial indicator mounting positioning plate realizes vertical fine adjustment movement by means of the long trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel, the long trapezoidal lead screw and the trapezoidal lead screw nut; the balance block is connected with the dial indicator mounting positioning plate through a steel cable and a pulley; the dial indicator mounting positioning plate is locked on the long linear guide rail by means of the sliding block fixing piece;
when the dial indicator mounting positioning plate is provided with the semi-axle gear pad selecting and gap adjusting dial indicator, the differential semi-axle gear pad selecting and gap adjusting comparison and measurement device is used for detecting the axial gap and the pad selecting of the semi-axle gear to be measured of the differential; when the dial indicator mounting positioning plate is provided with the differential case gear shaft center height dial indicator and the equal-height cushion block and the standard calibration tool are used in a matched mode, the differential case gear selecting pad gap adjusting comparison measuring device is used for measuring the differential case gear shaft center height.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the differential shell gear shaft center high dial indicator comprises a first dial indicator, a long dial indicator seat and a first dial indicator measuring head; the dial indicator for gap adjustment of the semi-axis gear pad selection comprises a second dial indicator, a short dial indicator seat and a second dial indicator measuring head;
the long dial indicator base is fixedly arranged on the dial indicator mounting positioning plate, the measured end face is measured and marked through the first dial indicator measuring head, and the variation of the corresponding gauge needle is displayed on the first dial indicator;
and the short dial indicator seat is fixedly arranged on the dial indicator mounting positioning plate, the measured end face is measured and beaten by the second dial indicator measuring head, and the variation of the corresponding indicator needle is displayed on the second dial indicator.
The invention has the advantages that:
through a differential gear half-shaft gear selecting pad gap adjusting comparison measuring device consisting of a differential shell positioning and clamping mechanism, a half-shaft gear return spring, a half-shaft gear adjustable pressing mechanism, a half-shaft gear clamping mechanism and a dial indicator measuring mechanism, an operator can accurately detect the actual gap value of the half-shaft gear to be measured, and the operator can conveniently select the half-shaft gear adjusting pad with the appropriate thickness, so that the actual gap value of the half-shaft gear meets the technical requirements, and the normal function of a differential assembly is ensured. This set of measuring device is except that above-mentioned selection pad transfers the clearance function, still has the function of relatively measuring differential casing pinion shaft center height, has solved differential casing pinion shaft center height and has detected the problem of difficulty in the actual measurement in-process. The measuring device has low manufacturing cost and high detection precision, and is suitable for selecting pads and adjusting gaps of differential half-shaft gears of different types.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a comparative measurement device for selecting and adjusting a gap of a differential axle gear pad according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a differential case positioning and clamping mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an adjustable compression mechanism and a dial indicator measuring mechanism for a side gear as provided in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a side gear return spring and a side gear clamping mechanism provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a side gear clamping mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a semi-axial gear pad-selecting gap-adjusting dial indicator according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a differential case pinion center high percentage table provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a contour block provided in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a top view of a contour block provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a standard school implement provided in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a front view of a trapezoidal lead screw nut provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a top view of a trapezoidal lead screw nut provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a front view of a bottom cylinder split washer provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a top view of a bottom cylinder port gasket provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a bottom cylinder attachment pull stud provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein: 1-a differential housing positioning and clamping mechanism; 1.1-bottom cylinder; 1.2-differential case locating sleeve; 1.3-bottom cylinder opening gasket; 1.4-the cylinder at the bottom is connected with a blind rivet; 2-half shaft gear return spring; 3-an adjustable pressing mechanism of the half axle gear; 3.1-short trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel; 3.2-short trapezoidal lead screw; 3.3-short linear guide; 3.4-trapezoidal screw nut; 3.5-sliding block; 3.6-counterweight block; 3.7-installing a positioning plate; 4-a half-axle gear clamping mechanism; 4.1-half shaft gear locking handle; 4.2-half shaft gear locating sleeve; 4.3-expansion sleeve; 5-a dial indicator measuring mechanism; 5.1-installing a positioning plate on the dial indicator; 5.2-differential mechanism shell gear shaft center high dial indicator; 5.2.1-first percentile table; 5.2.2-long dial gauge stand; 5.2.3-a first dial-in-one-hundred-meter probe; 5.3-a dial indicator for selecting a pad and adjusting the gap of the semi-axis gear; 5.3.1-a second dial indicator; 5.3.2-short percentage table base; 5.3.3-second dial indicator gauge head; 5.4-long trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel; 5.5-long trapezoidal lead screw; 5.6-long linear guide; 5.7-slider fixing; 5.8-counterbalance; 5.9-equal height cushion blocks; 5.10-standard calibration tool; 6-differential assembly 6.1-planetary gear detection bar.
Detailed Description
Example (b): because the tooth profile surface of the half axle gear has a radial runout of 0.04-0.1mm, the actual clearance value of a single tooth of the half axle gear can only be used as the reference of the actual clearance value of the half axle gear, and the actual clearance value of a full tooth of the half axle gear is the real basis for selecting the thickness of the adjusting gasket of the half axle gear, so the measuring device for adjusting the clearance of the selecting gasket of the half axle gear has the function of measuring the actual clearance value of the full tooth.
In order to realize that differential mechanism half shaft gear selects pad to transfer the clearance function and ensures that the half shaft gear tooth groove meshing clearance that has assembled accords with technical requirement, simultaneously, realize the high function in comparison measurement differential mechanism casing tooth axle center, the application provides a differential mechanism half shaft gear selects pad to transfer clearance and uses comparison measuring device, with the required regulation effort of zero clearance meshing between half shaft gear and the planetary gear, need detect half shaft gear full tooth actual clearance value, have the high function of comparison measurement differential mechanism casing tooth axle center, whole operation is reliable as far as possible and simple and convenient various demands combine, combine reference to fig. 1 to 15, this differential mechanism half shaft gear selects pad to transfer clearance and uses comparison measuring device includes: the differential mechanism comprises a differential mechanism shell positioning and clamping mechanism 1, a half axle gear return spring 2, a half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism 3, a half axle gear clamping mechanism 4 and a dial indicator measuring mechanism 5.
The differential case positioning and clamping mechanism 1 is provided with a differential case positioning sleeve and a pneumatic clamping mechanism, the differential case positioning sleeve is used for positioning the differential case, and the pneumatic clamping mechanism is used for clamping the differential case.
Optionally, the differential case positioning and clamping mechanism 1 includes a bottom cylinder 1.1, a differential case positioning sleeve 1.2, a bottom cylinder opening gasket 1.3, and a bottom cylinder connection rivet 1.4. In the arrangement provided herein, the differential assembly 6 is positioned by means of the mating holes and the support end surfaces on the differential case locating sleeve 1.2.
Alternatively, there are two ways of clamping the differential assembly 6, one being that when both the left and right side gears on the differential assembly 6 are assembled, the clamping force of the differential assembly 6 is provided by the compressive elastic force of the side gear return spring 2; and the other is that when the differential assembly 6 is only provided with one side gear to be tested, the differential assembly 6 is fixedly connected by virtue of the bottom cylinder opening gasket 1.3 and the bottom cylinder connecting rivet 1.4, and the clamping force of the differential assembly 6 is provided by the bottom cylinder 1.1.
The side gear return spring 2 is used to jack up the side gear under test and the side gear clamping mechanism 4, which have been rigidly integrated, so that the side gear under test is held and stays at the uppermost position of the differential case.
The half axle gear return spring 2 determines the required compression elastic force according to the designed spring constant and pre-compression amount, the compression elastic force is generated by the half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism 3 pressing the half axle gear to be tested, and the force acts between the differential assembly 6 and the half axle gear clamping mechanism 4, so that the half axle gear to be tested is ensured to be kept and stay at the maximum limit position of the differential shell.
The half-axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism 3 is provided with a short trapezoidal screw drive, a linear guide rail and a sliding block, a mounting positioning plate and a balancing weight, the short trapezoidal screw drive is used for realizing the ascending or descending of the whole mechanism, the linear guide rail and the sliding block are used for realizing the positioning and guiding of the whole mechanism, the mounting positioning plate and the balancing weight are used for realizing the connection with the half-axle gear clamping mechanism 4 and realizing the specified acting force of the half-axle gear to be tested and the planetary gear under the zero-clearance tooth socket meshing, so that the half-axle gear to be tested is kept and stopped at the lowest limit position of the differential mechanism shell.
Optionally, the half-axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism 3 comprises a short trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel 3.1, a short trapezoidal lead screw 3.2, a short linear guide rail 3.3, a trapezoidal lead screw nut 3.4, a sliding block 3.5, a balancing weight 3.6, a mounting positioning plate 3.7 and a long linear guide rail 5.6.
The mounting positioning plate 3.7 realizes the positioning and guiding on the comparison measuring device for selecting and adjusting the clearance of the differential gear half-axle gear by means of the short linear guide rail 3.3, the long linear guide rail 5.6 and the slide block 3.5; the mounting and positioning plate 3.7 is moved up and down by means of the short trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel 3.1, the short trapezoidal lead screw 3.2 and the trapezoidal lead screw nut 3.4. The trapezoidal screw nut 3.4 adopts a reverse buckling type non-fixed connection mode, the half-axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism 3 is pressed on the mounting flange surface of the trapezoidal screw nut 3.4 by means of gravity, and when the half-axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism 3 slowly descends and presses the half-axle gear to be detected, the trapezoidal screw nut 3.4 is separated from the mounting positioning plate 3.7, so that zero clearance acting force between the half-axle gear to be detected and the planetary gear is ensured to meet the specified size; the balancing weight 3.6 is connected with the mounting positioning plate 3.7 through a screw, the weight of the balancing weight 3.6 determines the acting force between the half shaft gear to be tested and the planetary gear, and the acting force between the half shaft gear to be tested and the planetary gear can be realized by replacing different balancing weights.
The half axle gear clamping mechanism 4 is provided with an expansion clamping device for realizing expansion holding of the half axle gear clamping mechanism 4 and the half axle gear internal spline hole to be detected, and the half axle gear to be detected and the half axle gear clamping mechanism 4 form a rigid body by tensioning the half axle gear internal spline hole to be detected.
The half axle gear clamping mechanism 4 and the half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism 3 are in non-rigid connection, so that the half axle gear to be tested is kept and stays at the maximum limit position of the differential case under the action of the return spring force of the half axle gear.
Optionally, the side gear clamping mechanism 4 includes a side gear locking handle 4.1, a side gear positioning sleeve 4.2 and an expansion sleeve 4.3. The half axle gear positioning sleeve 4.2 is positioned and abutted against the spline hole in the half axle gear to be measured, and the weight of the half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism 3 is transmitted to the half axle gear to be measured; the half shaft gear locking handle 4.1 is manually rotated by an operator, and the half shaft gear locking handle 4.1 is rotated to realize the tensioning or loosening of the expansion sleeve 4.3 and the half shaft gear to be tested.
The dial indicator measuring mechanism 5 is provided with a long trapezoidal screw drive, a linear guide rail, a slide block, a dial indicator mounting positioning plate, a balance block and a dial indicator measuring device; the long trapezoidal screw rod drive is used for realizing the fine adjustment between the measuring head of the dial indicator and the measured end surface, and the linear guide rail and the slide block are used for realizing the positioning and the guiding of the measuring mechanism 5 of the dial indicator; the dial indicator mounting positioning plate and the balance block are used for being connected with the dial indicator base and realizing the gravity balance of the dial indicator mounting positioning plate and the balance block on the two sides of the linear guide rail, and the dial indicator measuring device is used for measuring the actual clearance value of the half axle gear to be measured.
Optionally, the dial indicator measuring mechanism 5 includes a dial indicator mounting positioning plate 5.1, a differential case gear shaft center height dial indicator 5.2, a half axle gear pad selecting and gap adjusting dial indicator 5.3, a long trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel 5.4, a long trapezoidal lead screw 5.5, a long linear guide rail 5.6, a slider fixing piece 5.7, a balance block 5.8, an equal-height cushion block 5.9, a standard calibrator 5.10, a trapezoidal lead screw nut 3.4 and a slider 3.5.
The dial indicator installation positioning plate 5.1 realizes the positioning and the guiding on the comparison measuring device for the gap adjustment of the differential half-shaft gear pad selection by relying on the long linear guide rail 5.6 and the sliding block 3.5; the dial indicator installation positioning plate 5.1 realizes vertical fine adjustment movement by means of a long trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel 5.4, a long trapezoidal lead screw 5.5 and a trapezoidal lead screw nut 3.4; the balance weight 5.8 is connected with the dial indicator installation positioning plate 5.1 through a steel cable and a pulley, the self weight of the dial indicator installation positioning plate 5.1 and the like is balanced, an operator can rapidly move the dial indicator installation positioning plate 5.1 up and down, and the labor intensity of the operator during frequent actions is reduced; the dial indicator installation positioning plate 5.1 realizes locking on the long linear guide rail 5.6 by means of the sliding block fixing piece 5.7.
The dial indicator measuring mechanism 5 is designed in a guiding mode, positioning and moving of the dial indicator measuring mechanism 5 on the comparison measuring device for gap adjustment of the differential mechanism half-shaft gear selecting pad are achieved, fine adjustment between the dial indicator and the measured end face is achieved through long trapezoidal lead screw driving, dead weight of the dial indicator mounting positioning plate is balanced through the design of the balance block, and labor intensity of an operator during frequent action is relieved.
When the dial indicator installation positioning plate 5.1 is provided with the upper axle gear pad selecting and gap adjusting dial indicator 5.3, the differential mechanism axle gear pad selecting and gap adjusting comparison and measurement device is used for detecting the axial gap and pad selecting of the differential mechanism to-be-detected axle gear; when the dial indicator mounting positioning plate 5.1 is provided with the differential case gear shaft center height dial indicator 5.2 and is matched with the equal-height cushion block 5.9 and the standard calibration tool 5.10, the differential case gear pad selecting and gap adjusting comparison measuring device is used for measuring the differential case gear shaft center height.
Optionally, the differential housing gear shaft center high dial indicator 5.2 includes a first dial indicator 5.2.1, a long dial indicator base 5.2.2, and a first dial indicator head 5.2.3; the dial indicator 5.3 for gap adjustment of the semi-axis gear pad selection comprises a second dial indicator 5.3.1, a short dial indicator seat 5.3.2 and a second dial indicator measuring head 5.3.3. A long dial indicator base 5.2.2 is fixedly arranged on a dial indicator mounting positioning plate 5.1, a measured end face is measured and hit through a first dial indicator measuring head 5.2.3, and the variation of a corresponding indicator is displayed on the first dial indicator 5.2.1; the short dial indicator seat 5.3.2 is fixedly arranged on the dial indicator mounting positioning plate 5.1, the measured end face is measured and beaten by the second dial indicator measuring head 5.3.3, and the variation of the corresponding indicator needle is displayed on the second dial indicator 5.3.1.
The half-axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism 3 and the dial indicator measuring mechanism 5 are driven by a set of trapezoidal lead screws respectively, and trapezoidal lead screw nuts are in a reverse buckling type non-fixed connection mode, so that power transmission and free separation of the trapezoidal lead screw nuts on the differential mechanism half-axle gear pad selecting and gap adjusting comparison measuring device are achieved.
In practical application, when the differential gear pad selection gap adjustment detection is carried out on the differential gear, (1) an operator installs the half axle gear adjusting pad which is detected in advance on the half axle gear, installs the adjusting pad on the half axle gear together with the planetary gears and the planetary gear pads on two sides into a differential case, inserts a special planetary gear detection rod 6.1 into a corresponding matching hole of the planetary gears and the differential case, or takes out the assembled differential assembly 6, and inserts the planetary gear detection rod 6.1 into the differential assembly 6 instead of the original straight shaft; then, the assembled differential assembly is arranged in a differential shell positioning and clamping mechanism 1 to realize the positioning and clamping of the differential on the measuring device, the differential assembly 6 is placed in a matching hole of a differential shell positioning sleeve 1.2 to position a planetary gear detection rod 6.1, and the differential assembly 6 is prevented from rotating randomly; (2) placing a half axle gear return spring 2 between a differential assembly 6 and a half axle gear clamping mechanism 4, shaking a short trapezoidal screw hand wheel 3.1 to drive a short trapezoidal screw 3.2 to rotate, slowly descending and pressing a half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism 3 and the half axle gear clamping mechanism 4 together to a half axle gear to be tested, realizing the specified acting force of the half axle gear to be tested and a planetary gear under zero-clearance tooth space meshing, generating the specified 15-20kgf acting force under zero-clearance meshing between the half axle gear to be tested and the planetary gear at the moment, ensuring that the half axle gear to be tested is kept and stays at the lowest limit position of a differential shell, manually rotating a half axle gear locking handle 4.1, tensioning an expansion sleeve 4.3 to an internal spline hole of the half axle gear to be tested, and enabling the half axle gear to be rigidly integrated with the half axle gear clamping mechanism 4; (3) the dial indicator 5.3 for gap adjustment of the semi-axis gear selecting pad is installed in a dial indicator installation positioning plate 5.1, the dial indicator 5.3 for gap adjustment of the semi-axis gear selecting pad is positioned and locked, an operator manually pulls the dial indicator installation positioning plate 5.1 down to a trapezoidal screw nut 3.4 quickly, at the moment, a second dial indicator measuring head 5.3.3 is not in contact with the measured end face of the semi-axis gear locking mechanism 4, shakes a long trapezoidal screw hand wheel 5.4, drives the long trapezoidal screw 5.5 to rotate, enables the second dial indicator measuring head 5.3.3 to measure and impact on the measured end face of the semi-axis gear clamping mechanism 4, keeps the precompression amount about 1mm, ensures the reliability and accuracy of the detection process, and adjusts the initial position of a pointer of the second dial indicator 5.3.1 to a position of 0; (4) reversely shaking the short trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel 3.1 to drive the short trapezoidal lead screw 3.2 to rotate, slowly lifting the half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism 3 by 3-5mm, at the moment, the dead weight of the half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism 3 is offset by the trapezoidal lead screw nut 3.4, the half axle gear return spring 2 arranged between the differential assembly 6 and the half axle gear clamping mechanism 4 can jack the half axle gear to be measured under the action of compression elasticity, eliminating the axial clearance between the half axle gear to be measured and the differential shell, ensuring that the half axle gear to be measured keeps and stays at the maximum limit position of the differential shell 6, at the moment, because the half axle gear to be measured and the half axle gear clamping mechanism 4 are tensioned into a rigid whole, the maximum indication quantity of the pointer of the second dial indicator 5.3.1 is the actual clearance value of the half axle gear to be measured, and the actual clearance values of the single tooth spaces on different half axle gears are repeatedly measured, obtaining the actual full-tooth clearance value of the half axle gear to be measured; finally, the operator reselects a proper half axle gear adjusting gasket according to the actual full-tooth clearance value of the half axle gear to be measured, so as to ensure that the actual clearance value of the half axle gear meets the technical requirements.
In practical application, when the height of the center of the pinion of the differential case is detected, (1) the height dial indicator 5.2 of the center of the pinion of the differential case is arranged in a dial indicator mounting positioning plate 5.1, the height dial indicator 5.2 of the center of the pinion of the differential case is positioned and locked, a standard calibrator 5.10 is placed in a matching hole of a positioning sleeve 1.2 of the differential case, an operator manually pulls down the dial indicator mounting positioning plate 5.1 to the trapezoidal lead screw nut 3.4, at the moment, a first dial indicator measuring head 5.2.3 is not contacted with the standard calibrator 5.10, shakes a long trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel 5.4, drives a long trapezoidal lead screw 5.5 to rotate, so that the long dial indicator seat 5.2.2 completely abuts against the standard calibrator 5.10, adjusts the initial position of a pointer of the precompressed first dial indicator 5.2.1 to the position of 0', and then manually pulls up the dial indicator mounting positioning plate 5.1 quickly, so that the height of the long dial seat 5.2.2 does not influence subsequent operation; (2) an operator takes out the differential shell, inserts the planetary gear detection rod 6.1, puts the differential shell into a matching hole of a positioning sleeve 1.2 of the differential shell, positions the planetary gear detection rod 6.1, and then puts an equal-height cushion block 5.9 into a half axle gear matching hole of the differential shell, wherein the height of the measured end face of the equal-height cushion block 5.9 is consistent with that of the half axle gear matching hole end face of the differential shell; (3) an operator manually pulls down the dial indicator mounting positioning plate 5.1 to the trapezoidal lead screw nut 3.4 quickly, the first dial indicator measuring head 5.2.3 does not contact the planetary gear detecting rod 6.1 at the moment, the long trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel 5.4 is shaken, and the long trapezoidal lead screw 5.5 is driven to rotate, so that the long dial indicator base 5.2.2 is completely abutted against the equal-height cushion block 5.9, and the maximum indicating quantity of the first dial indicator 5.2.1 is measured by comparing the height of the center of the gear shaft of the differential housing.
To sum up, the differential mechanism semi-axis gear that this application provided selects pad to transfer clearance and uses comparison measuring device, select pad to transfer clearance and use comparison measuring device through differential mechanism casing location clamping mechanism, side gear return spring, hold-down mechanism with the adjustable side gear, side gear clamping mechanism and percentage table measuring mechanism constitute, the operator can accurately detect out the actual clearance value of the side gear that awaits measuring, make things convenient for the operator to select the side gear adjustment gasket that is fit for thickness, make the actual clearance value of side gear satisfy technical requirement, ensure that differential mechanism subassembly function is normal. This set of measuring device is except that above-mentioned selection pad transfers the clearance function, still has the function of relatively measuring differential casing pinion shaft center height, has solved differential casing pinion shaft center height and has detected the problem of difficulty in the actual measurement in-process. The measuring device has low manufacturing cost and high detection precision, and is suitable for selecting pads and adjusting gaps of differential half-shaft gears of different types.
The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying a number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a defined feature of "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A differential mechanism semi-axis gear selects pad to transfer clearance and uses comparison measuring device which characterized in that includes: the differential mechanism comprises a differential mechanism shell positioning and clamping mechanism, a half axle gear return spring, a half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism, a half axle gear clamping mechanism and a dial indicator measuring mechanism;
the differential shell positioning and clamping mechanism is provided with a differential shell positioning sleeve and a pneumatic clamping mechanism, the differential shell positioning sleeve is used for positioning the differential shell, and the pneumatic clamping mechanism is used for clamping the differential shell;
the half axle gear return spring is used for jacking the half axle gear to be tested and the half axle gear clamping mechanism which are integrated into a rigid body, so that the half axle gear to be tested is kept and stays at the uppermost limit position of the differential case;
the half-axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism is provided with a short trapezoidal screw rod drive, a linear guide rail and a sliding block, an installation positioning plate and a balancing weight, the short trapezoidal screw rod drive is used for realizing the ascending or descending of the whole mechanism, the linear guide rail and the sliding block are used for realizing the positioning and the guiding of the whole mechanism, the installation positioning plate and the balancing weight are used for realizing the connection with the half-axle gear clamping mechanism and realizing the specified acting force of the half-axle gear to be tested and the planetary gear under the zero-clearance tooth socket meshing, so that the half-axle gear to be tested is kept and stays at the lowest limit position of the differential mechanism shell;
the half axle gear clamping mechanism is provided with an expansion clamping device and is used for realizing expansion holding of the half axle gear clamping mechanism and the internal spline hole of the half axle gear to be tested, so that the half axle gear to be tested and the half axle gear clamping mechanism form a rigid whole;
the dial indicator measuring mechanism is provided with a long trapezoidal screw drive, a linear guide rail, a sliding block, a dial indicator mounting positioning plate, a balance block and a dial indicator measuring device; the long trapezoidal screw rod drive is used for realizing fine adjustment between a measuring head of the dial indicator and a measured end face, and the linear guide rail and the sliding block are used for realizing positioning and guiding of the measuring mechanism of the dial indicator; the dial indicator installation positioning plate and the balance block are used for being connected with the dial indicator base and achieving the gravity balance of the dial indicator installation positioning plate and the balance block on the two sides of the linear guide rail, and the dial indicator measuring device is used for achieving the measurement of the actual clearance value of the half axle gear to be measured.
2. The differential gear pad selection gap adjustment comparative measurement apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said side gear clamping mechanism and said side gear adjustable pressing mechanism are non-rigidly connected.
3. The differential axle gear pad selecting and gap adjusting comparative measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the differential case positioning and clamping mechanism comprises a bottom cylinder, a differential case positioning sleeve, a bottom cylinder opening washer and a bottom cylinder connecting rivet;
the differential assembly is positioned by means of the matching holes and the supporting end surfaces on the positioning sleeve of the differential shell.
4. The differential axle gear pad selecting and backlash adjusting comparative measuring device according to claim 3, wherein when both left and right side gears on the differential assembly are assembled, the clamping force of the differential assembly is provided by the compressive elastic force of the side gear return spring;
when the differential assembly is only assembled with one side gear to be tested, the differential assembly is fixedly connected by means of the bottom cylinder opening gasket and the bottom cylinder connecting rivet, and the clamping force of the differential assembly is provided by the bottom cylinder.
5. The differential gear pad selecting and gap adjusting comparative measurement device according to claim 3, wherein the adjustable pressing mechanism of the half-axle gear comprises a short trapezoidal screw hand wheel, a short trapezoidal screw, a short linear guide rail, a trapezoidal screw nut, a slide block, a balancing weight, a mounting positioning plate and a long linear guide rail;
the installation positioning plate realizes the positioning and the guiding on the comparison measuring device for selecting and adjusting the clearance of the differential gear half-axle gear by means of the short linear guide rail, the long linear guide rail and the slide block; the mounting positioning plate completes the up-and-down movement by means of the short trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel, the short trapezoidal lead screw and the trapezoidal lead screw nut;
the trapezoidal screw nut adopts a reverse buckling type non-fixed connection mode, the half-axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism presses down on the mounting flange surface of the trapezoidal screw nut by means of gravity, and when the half-axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism descends and presses the half-axle gear to be detected, the trapezoidal screw nut is separated from the mounting positioning plate;
the balancing weight is connected with the mounting positioning plate through a screw, and the weight of the balancing weight determines the acting force between the half axle gear to be measured and the planetary gear.
6. The differential gear spacer selecting and backlash adjusting comparative measuring device according to claim 5, wherein the side gear clamping mechanism includes a side gear locking handle, a side gear positioning sleeve and an expansion sleeve;
the half axle gear positioning sleeve is positioned and abutted against the spline hole in the half axle gear to be measured, and the weight of the half axle gear adjustable pressing mechanism is transmitted to the half axle gear to be measured; and the half shaft gear locking handle rotates to realize the tensioning or loosening of the expansion sleeve and the half shaft gear to be tested.
7. The differential gear pad selecting and gap adjusting comparison and measurement device of claim 6, wherein the dial indicator measurement mechanism comprises a dial indicator mounting positioning plate, a differential housing gear shaft center high dial indicator, a half axle gear pad selecting and gap adjusting dial indicator, a long trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel, a long trapezoidal lead screw, a long linear guide rail, a slide block fixing piece, a balance block, an equal-height cushion block, a standard corrector, a trapezoidal lead screw nut and a slide block;
the dial indicator installation positioning plate realizes positioning and guiding on the differential gear pad selecting and gap adjusting comparison measuring device by means of the long straight guide rail and the sliding block; the dial indicator mounting positioning plate realizes vertical fine adjustment movement by means of the long trapezoidal lead screw hand wheel, the long trapezoidal lead screw and the trapezoidal lead screw nut; the balance block is connected with the dial indicator mounting positioning plate through a steel cable and a pulley; the dial indicator mounting positioning plate is locked on the long linear guide rail by means of the sliding block fixing piece;
when the dial indicator mounting positioning plate is provided with the semi-axle gear pad selecting and gap adjusting dial indicator, the differential semi-axle gear pad selecting and gap adjusting comparison and measurement device is used for detecting the axial gap and the pad selecting of the semi-axle gear to be measured of the differential; when the dial indicator mounting positioning plate is provided with the differential case gear shaft center height dial indicator and the equal-height cushion block and the standard calibration tool are used in a matched mode, the differential case gear selecting pad gap adjusting comparison measuring device is used for measuring the differential case gear shaft center height.
8. The differential axle gear pad selecting and gap adjusting comparative measuring device according to claim 7, wherein the differential case gear shaft center high dial indicator comprises a first dial indicator, a long dial indicator seat and a first dial indicator gauge head; the dial indicator for gap adjustment of the semi-axis gear pad selection comprises a second dial indicator, a short dial indicator seat and a second dial indicator measuring head;
the long dial indicator base is fixedly arranged on the dial indicator mounting positioning plate, the measured end face is measured and marked through the first dial indicator measuring head, and the variation of the corresponding gauge needle is displayed on the first dial indicator;
and the short dial indicator seat is fixedly arranged on the dial indicator mounting positioning plate, the measured end face is measured and beaten by the second dial indicator measuring head, and the variation of the corresponding indicator needle is displayed on the second dial indicator.
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| CN113984357B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-10-21 | 江苏太平洋齿轮传动有限公司 | Detection system and detection method for differential assembly |
| CN115508080B (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2024-06-21 | 江西赣齿传动机械有限公司 | Manual gearbox gear backlash's testing arrangement |
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