CN111915301A - Data processing method and device based on block chain, electronic equipment and readable medium - Google Patents

Data processing method and device based on block chain, electronic equipment and readable medium Download PDF

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CN111915301A
CN111915301A CN202010778709.XA CN202010778709A CN111915301A CN 111915301 A CN111915301 A CN 111915301A CN 202010778709 A CN202010778709 A CN 202010778709A CN 111915301 A CN111915301 A CN 111915301A
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payment verification
verification node
block
transaction data
information
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CN111915301B (en
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郭懿心
韦德志
郑伟涛
王兆创
刘友为
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Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Tencent Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/389Keeping log of transactions for guaranteeing non-repudiation of a transaction
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/382Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction

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Abstract

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a data processing method and device based on a block chain, an electronic device and a readable medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring transaction data of a first object and generating summary information of the transaction data; after the transaction data are stored locally in the first simple payment verification node, a download path of the transaction data is generated; storing the summary information and the download path to a target block of the block chain; updating a first Merck tree of the first simple payment verification node according to the block header information of the target block; and synchronizing the updated first Mercker tree to the second simple payment verification node so that the second simple payment verification node can acquire a download path and summary information according to the block header information of the target block, acquire transaction data from the first simple payment verification node according to the download path, and verify the transaction data according to the summary information. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can reduce the storage pressure of the block chain on the premise of ensuring that data cannot be tampered.

Description

Data processing method and device based on block chain, electronic equipment and readable medium
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a data processing method and apparatus based on a block chain, an electronic device, and a computer-readable medium.
Background
In the existing block chain technology, for example, bitcoin in a public chain, cryptocurrency (libra) in a federation chain, and the like, an issue transaction uses a single-layer chain mode, and after issuing a plurality of transactions, the transactions are assembled into a block, and the block is issued to a block chain after passing through the consensus of other nodes. However, in order to ensure the efficiency of block distribution, the size of each block is limited, and if the data size of a single transaction is too large, the data may not be linked. This has a certain impact on the scenario of issuing big data transactions.
Therefore, a new data processing method, device, electronic device and computer readable medium based on block chains are needed.
It is to be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a data processing method, a data processing device, an electronic device and a computer readable medium based on a block chain, so that the purpose of data uplink in a big data transaction scene can be achieved.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows, or in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a data processing method based on a block chain, wherein the block chain comprises an upper chain, and the upper chain comprises a first simple payment verification node and a second simple payment verification node; wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring transaction data of a first object through the first simple payment verification node, and generating summary information of the transaction data; after the transaction data are stored locally in the first simple payment verification node, a download path of the transaction data is generated; storing the summary information and the download path to a target block of the block chain; updating a first Merck tree of the first simple payment verification node according to the block header information of the target block; and synchronizing the updated first Mercker tree to the second simple payment verification node, so that the second simple payment verification node can acquire the download path and the summary information according to the block header information of the target block, acquire the transaction data from the first simple payment verification node according to the download path, and verify the transaction data according to the summary information.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a data processing method based on a block chain, wherein the block chain comprises an upper chain, and the upper chain comprises a first simple payment verification node and a second simple payment verification node; wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving, by the second simple payment verification node, a first merkel tree sent by the first simple payment verification node; updating a second Merck tree of the second simple payment verification node according to the first Merck tree; determining a target block according to the updated block header information in the second Mercker tree; obtaining summary information and a download path in the target block on the block chain; obtaining transaction data from the first simple payment verification node according to the download path; and after the transaction data is verified to pass according to the abstract information, the transaction data is sent to a second object.
An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a data processing apparatus based on a block chain, including: the upper-layer chain comprises a first simple payment verification node module and a second simple payment verification node module; the first simple payment verification node module is configured to acquire transaction data of a first object and generate summary information of the transaction data; after the transaction data are stored locally in the first simple payment verification node module, a download path of the transaction data is generated; storing the summary information and the download path to a target block of the block chain; updating a first Merck tree of the first simple payment verification node module according to the block header information of the target block; synchronizing the updated first Mercker tree to the second simple payment verification node module; the second simple payment verification node module is configured to receive the first Merck tree sent by the first simple payment verification node module; updating a second Merck tree of the second simple payment verification node module according to the first Merck tree; determining a target block according to the updated block header information in the second Mercker tree; obtaining summary information and a download path in the target block on the block chain; obtaining transaction data from the first simple payment verification node module according to the download path; and after the transaction data is verified to pass according to the abstract information, the transaction data is sent to a second object.
In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the first easy payment verification node module comprises a first point-to-point protocol data synchronization module and the second easy payment verification node module comprises a second point-to-point protocol data synchronization module. The first PPP data synchronization module is configured to send the updated first Mercker tree to the second simple payment verification node module; the second point-to-point protocol data synchronization module is configured to receive the first Merck tree sent by the first simple payment verification node module.
In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the first easy payment verification node module is configured to generate verification information of the digest information; and storing the summary information, the verification information of the summary information and the download path to a target block of the block chain. The second simple payment verification node module can be configured to obtain verification information of the summary information on the block chain according to the block header information; and after the verification information according to the summary information is verified successfully, obtaining the summary information and the download path in the target block on the block chain.
In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the first easy payment verification node module is configured to determine a target hash value in the chunk header information of the target chunk; and updating the first Merck tree of the first simple payment verification node module according to the target hash value. The second simple payment verification node module is configured to determine a target hash value of the block header information according to the second Merckel tree; and determining a target block according to the target hash value.
In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the first easy payment verification node module is configured to determine a valid download deadline of the download path; storing the abstract information, the download path and the effective download time limit to a target block of a block chain; and clearing the transaction data stored in the first simple payment verification node module after the effective download period is expired. The second simple payment verification node module is configured to obtain a valid download deadline on a target block of the blockchain; obtaining the transaction data according to the download path includes: and obtaining the transaction data according to the download path in the time range corresponding to the effective download deadline.
In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the first easy payment verification node module is configured to cold-prepare transaction data according to a preset time period.
In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the blockchain further comprises an underlying chain, the underlying chain comprising a consensus node. The first simple payment verification node module is configured to package the summary information and the download path into transaction information and upload the transaction information to the bottom layer chain; and after the consensus is achieved through the consensus node of the bottom-layer chain, the transaction information is stored in the target block of the block chain.
An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; storage means for storing at least one program which, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to implement the method of block chain based data processing as described in the above embodiments.
The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the data processing method based on a blockchain as described in the embodiments above.
In the technical solutions provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure, the transaction data of the first object is received by the first simple payment verification node of the upper chain, and after the transaction data is stored locally based on the first simple payment verification node, only the summary information and the download path of the transaction data are stored in the target block of the block chain, so that the storage pressure applied to the block chain by uploading the original transaction data to the block chain in the related art can be reduced, and the overall performance of the block chain is improved. Updating the first Mercker tree according to the block head information of the target block, synchronizing the updated first Mercker tree to the second simple payment verification node, determining the block head information of the target block by the second simple payment verification node according to the first Mercker tree, acquiring a download path and abstract information according to the block head information of the target block, acquiring transaction data from the first simple payment verification node according to the download path, and confirming that the received transaction data is successful after the transaction data is verified according to the abstract information. The transaction data can be transmitted safely and reliably on the premise of ensuring the non-tampering characteristic of the original transaction data and reducing the storage pressure of the block chain.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary system architecture of a blockchain-based data processing method or apparatus to which an embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied;
FIG. 2 is an alternative structure diagram of the distributed system applied to the blockchain system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an alternative Block Structure (Block Structure) diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 schematically shows a flow diagram of a blockchain-based data processing method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S430 of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S440 of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S430 of FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S430 of FIG. 4;
FIG. 9 schematically shows a flow diagram of a blockchain-based data processing method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S940 of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S930 of FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S940 of FIG. 9;
FIG. 13 schematically illustrates a flow diagram of a blockchain-based data processing method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 14 is a diagram schematically showing a block chain-based data processing architecture in the related art;
FIG. 15 schematically shows a block diagram of a blockchain-based data processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 16 shows a schematic diagram of an electronic device suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art.
Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the subject matter of the present disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, devices, steps, and so forth. In other instances, well-known methods, devices, implementations, or operations have not been shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the disclosure.
The block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities only and do not necessarily correspond to physically separate entities. I.e. these functional entities may be implemented in the form of software, or in at least one hardware module or integrated circuit, or in different networks and/or processor means and/or microcontroller means.
The flow charts shown in the drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all of the contents and operations/steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the order described. For example, some operations/steps may be decomposed, and some operations/steps may be combined or partially combined, so that the actual execution sequence may be changed according to the actual situation.
In the related blockchain technology, a single layer chain commonly used in the blockchain technology is used when a transaction is issued. Fig. 14 schematically shows a block chain-based data processing architecture diagram in the related art. As shown in fig. 14, when the server issues a transaction, the transaction is packaged by the consensus node, consensus is performed, and after the consensus passes, the receiving party can synchronize the transaction information belonging to the consensus node from the connected consensus node. The consensus node may comprise N, N being an integer greater than 0. However, the blocks in the single layer chain limit the size of each transaction, and if the data size of a single transaction is too large, the data may not be linked, or other special means such as splitting the data may be required for linking. The data cannot be uplinked and the various advantages of the blockchain cannot be used. If the uplink is split for a large data, it is necessary to ensure that all transactions are commonly passed, so that the receiver of the transaction can obtain complete information. And the information with large data volume is directly linked up after being split, so that on one hand, the issuing efficiency of other transactions is influenced, on the other hand, a large amount of space on the chain is occupied, the storage pressure of the block chain is caused, and the performance of the whole block chain is further influenced.
Therefore, a new data processing method, device and electronic device based on a block chain are needed.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary system architecture to which a data processing method or apparatus based on a block chain according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied.
As shown in fig. 1, the system architecture 100 may include one or more of terminal devices 101, 102, 103, a network 104, and a server 105. The network 104 serves as a medium for providing communication links between the terminal devices 101, 102, 103 and the server 105. Network 104 may include various connection types, such as wired, wireless communication links, or fiber optic cables, to name a few.
It should be understood that the number of terminal devices, networks, and servers in fig. 1 is merely illustrative. There may be any number of terminal devices, networks, and servers, as desired for implementation. For example, server 105 may be a server cluster comprised of multiple servers, or the like.
The user may use the terminal devices 101, 102, 103 to interact with the server 105 via the network 104 to receive or send messages or the like. The terminal devices 101, 102, 103 may be various electronic devices having a display screen and supporting web browsing, including but not limited to smartphones, tablets, portable computers, desktop computers, wearable devices, virtual reality devices, smart homes, and so forth.
The server 105 may be a server that provides various services. For example, the terminal device 103 (which may also be the terminal device 101 or 102) may upload transaction data to the server 105 as the first object. The server 105 may acquire transaction data of the first object through the first simple payment verification node and generate summary information of the transaction data; after the transaction data are stored locally in the first simple payment verification node, a download path of the transaction data is generated; storing the summary information and the download path to a target block of the block chain; updating a first Merck tree of the first simple payment verification node according to the block header information of the target block; and synchronizing the updated first Mercker tree to the second simple payment verification node, so that the second simple payment verification node can acquire the download path and the summary information according to the block header information of the target block, acquire the transaction data from the first simple payment verification node according to the download path, and verify the transaction data according to the summary information. And the feedback information stored to the target block is fed back to the terminal device 103, and then the terminal device 103 can execute subsequent operations based on the feedback information of the target block, so that the storage requirement of the non-falsifiable characteristic of the big data transaction can be realized based on the blockchain technology, and a large amount of storage capacity of the blockchain is not required to be occupied.
For another example, the server 105 may receive, through the second easy payment verification node, the first merck tree sent by the first easy payment verification node; updating a second Merck tree of the second simple payment verification node according to the first Merck tree; determining a target block according to the updated block header information in the second Mercker tree; obtaining summary information and a download path in the target block on the block chain; obtaining transaction data from the first simple payment verification node according to the download path; after the transaction data is verified to pass through according to the summary information, the transaction data is fed back to the terminal device 101 (which may also be the terminal device 102 or 103) as a second object, and then the user may browse the related content of the transaction data based on the content displayed on the terminal device 101.
The system related to the embodiment of the invention can be a distributed system formed by connecting a client, a plurality of nodes (any form of computing equipment in an access network, such as a server and a user terminal) through a network communication mode.
Taking a distributed system as an example of a blockchain system, referring To fig. 2, fig. 2 is an optional structural schematic diagram of the application of the distributed system To the blockchain system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and is formed by a plurality of nodes 210 (computing devices in any form in an access network, such as servers and user terminals) and a client 220, a Peer-To-Peer (P2P, Peer To Peer) network is formed between the nodes, and the P2P Protocol is an application layer Protocol operating on a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). In a distributed system, any machine, such as a server or a terminal, can join to become a node, and the node comprises a hardware layer, a middle layer, an operating system layer and an application layer.
Referring to the functionality of each node 210 in the blockchain system shown in fig. 2, the functionality involved includes:
1) routing, a basic function that a node has, is used to support communication between nodes.
Besides the routing function, the node may also have the following functions:
2) the application is used for being deployed in a block chain, realizing specific services according to actual service requirements, recording data related to the realization functions to form recording data, carrying a digital signature in the recording data to represent a source of task data, and sending the recording data to other nodes in the block chain system, so that the other nodes add the recording data to a temporary block when the source and integrity of the recording data are verified successfully.
For example, the services implemented by the application include:
2.1) wallet, for providing the function of transaction of electronic money, including initiating transaction (i.e. sending the transaction record of current transaction to other nodes in the blockchain system, after the other nodes are successfully verified, storing the record data of transaction in the temporary blocks of the blockchain as the response of confirming the transaction is valid; of course, the wallet also supports the querying of the remaining electronic money in the electronic money address;
and 2.2) sharing the account book, wherein the shared account book is used for providing functions of operations such as storage, query and modification of account data, record data of the operations on the account data are sent to other nodes in the block chain system, and after the other nodes verify the validity, the record data are stored in a temporary block as a response for acknowledging that the account data are valid, and confirmation can be sent to the node initiating the operations.
2.3) Intelligent contracts, computerized agreements, which can enforce the terms of a contract, implemented by codes deployed on a shared ledger for execution when certain conditions are met, for completing automated transactions according to actual business requirement codes, such as querying the logistics status of goods purchased by a buyer, transferring the buyer's electronic money to the merchant's address after the buyer signs for the goods; of course, smart contracts are not limited to executing contracts for trading, but may also execute contracts that process received information.
3) And the Block chain comprises a series of blocks (blocks) which are mutually connected according to the generated chronological order, new blocks cannot be removed once being added into the Block chain, and recorded data submitted by nodes in the Block chain system are recorded in the blocks.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is an optional schematic diagram of a Block Structure (Block Structure) according to an embodiment of the present invention, where each Block includes a hash value of a transaction record stored in the Block (hash value of the Block) and a hash value of a previous Block, and the blocks are connected by the hash values to form a Block chain. The block may include information such as a time stamp at the time of block generation. A block chain (Blockchain), which is essentially a decentralized database, is a string of data blocks associated by using cryptography, and each data block contains related information for verifying the validity (anti-counterfeiting) of the information and generating a next block.
Fig. 4 schematically shows a flow chart of a blockchain based data processing method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be processed by any electronic device with computing processing capability, for example, the server or the terminal device in the embodiment of fig. 1 described above, and in the following embodiment, the server is taken as an execution subject for example, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
In this embodiment, the blockchain includes an upper chain including a first easy payment verification node and a second easy payment verification node. The simple Payment Verification node (SPV) belongs to one of Payment Verification systems in a block chain, is a Verification means for adapting to simple and rapid Payment, does not need to download all data of a new block, only needs to store block header data, and stores the data in a Merkle Tree (Merkle Tree). The SPV node stores the data belonging to the SPV node locally, and reading is facilitated. The merkel Tree, also called Hash Tree (Hash Tree), is a complete data structure of a Tree with Hash values from data blocks in its leaf vertices, and internal vertices containing Hash values obtained by adding values in sub-vertices. This associates all elements with each other. As shown in fig. 4, a data processing method based on a block chain provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure may include the following steps. The method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can be executed by a first simple payment verification node in an electronic device.
In step S410, transaction data of the first object is acquired by the first simple payment verification node, and summary information of the transaction data is generated.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first object may be, for example, an enterprise object, a user object, and the like, which is not particularly limited by the present disclosure. The first object can communicate with the first simple payment verification node, and the first simple payment verification node can acquire the transaction data sent by the first object through the communication result. Digest information, also known as a digital digest, is a fixed-length value that uniquely corresponds to a message or text, and is generated by acting on the message through a one-way Hash (Hash) encryption. If the message changes during transmission, the receiver can know whether the message is tampered or lost by comparing the new digest generated by the received message with the original digest. The summary information can guarantee the integrity of the message.
In step S420, after the transaction data is stored locally in the first easy payment verification node, a download path of the transaction data is generated.
In embodiments of the present disclosure, the first easy payment verification node may be deployed locally to the first object, for example.
In step S430, the summary information and the download path are stored to the target tile of the tile chain.
In this embodiment of the disclosure, the download path may also be bound to the unique identifier of the first simple payment verification node, so that after the second simple payment verification node obtains the download path, the second simple payment verification node can check the unique identifier of the first simple payment verification node bound to the download path to confirm that the download path is generated by the first simple payment verification node.
In step S440, the first merck tree of the first easy payment verification node is updated according to the block header information of the target block.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first mercker tree stored in the first easy payment verification node records block header information associated with blocks in the block chain. The block header information may be, for example, a hash value of the block. The hash value is a unique identification for each chunk. The block header information of the target block may be added to the first merkel tree, for example, to update the first merkel tree.
In step S450, the updated first mercker tree is synchronized to the second simple payment verification node, so that the second simple payment verification node obtains the download path and the summary information according to the block header information of the target block, obtains the transaction data from the first simple payment verification node according to the download path, and verifies the transaction data according to the summary information.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the first simple payment verification node may send the updated first merkel tree to the second simple payment verification node through a point-to-point synchronization module provided inside the first simple payment verification node. The point-to-point synchronization module synchronizes, distributes and merges files based on a point-to-point protocol, all data are only subjected to point-to-point encryption transmission among devices owned or authorized by a user and do not pass through a server, and the privacy and the safety of the data can be guaranteed.
According to the data processing method based on the block chain, the transaction data of the first object are received through the first simple payment verification node of the upper-layer chain, after the transaction data are stored locally based on the first simple payment verification node, only the summary information and the download path of the transaction data are stored in the target block of the block chain, the storage pressure applied to the block chain by uploading the original transaction data to the block chain in the related technology can be reduced, and the overall performance of the block chain is improved. The first Mercker tree is updated according to the block head information of the target block, the updated first Mercker tree is synchronized to the second simple payment verification node, the second simple payment verification node can conveniently determine the block head information of the target block according to the first Mercker tree, a download path and abstract information are obtained according to the block head information of the target block, transaction data are obtained from the first simple payment verification node according to the download path, and after the transaction data are verified successfully according to the abstract information, the success of transaction data receiving is confirmed. The transaction data can be transmitted safely and reliably on the premise of ensuring the non-tampering characteristic of the original transaction data and reducing the storage pressure of the block chain.
In an exemplary embodiment, the transaction data may also be cold-prepared according to a preset time period. The cold standby refers to two servers, one is in operation, and the other is not in operation as a backup. Therefore, once the running server goes down, the backup server is run. In this embodiment, by performing cold backup on the transaction data, data loss can be avoided, and the storage pressure of the upper link can also be reduced.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S430 of fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 5, step S430 in the above-mentioned embodiment of fig. 4 may further include the following steps.
In step S510, verification information of the digest information is generated.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the verification information is used for the third party to verify whether the summary information comes from the first simple payment verification node.
In step S520, the summary information, the verification information of the summary information, and the download path are stored to the target tile of the tile chain.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, compared to the embodiment shown in fig. 4, by storing the verification information of the digest information to the blockchain, the second simple payment verification node can conveniently verify through the verification information of the digest information to verify whether the digest information has a transmission error or tampering, and thus, the security of data transmission is further improved.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S440 of fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 6, step S440 in the above-mentioned fig. 4 embodiment may further include the following steps.
In step S610, a target hash value in the block header information of the target block is determined.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the block header information includes a Hash value (prelash) of a previous block, a Hash value (Hash) of a block of the current block, a TimeStamp (TimeStamp), and the like. The target hash value is the hash value of the target block (i.e., the local block).
In step S620, the first merck tree of the first easy payment verification node is updated according to the target hash value.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the block header information of the target block may be added to the first merkel tree to update the first merkel tree.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S430 of fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 7, step S430 in the above-mentioned embodiment of fig. 4 may further include the following steps.
In step S710, a valid download deadline of the download path is determined.
In step S720, the summary information, the download path and the valid download deadline are stored to the target tile of the tile chain.
In this embodiment, compared to the embodiment shown in fig. 4, by storing the valid download deadline to the target block, it is convenient for the second easy payment verification node to obtain the valid download deadline from the block chain, and download the transaction data according to the download path within the time range indicated by the valid download deadline.
In an exemplary embodiment, the data processing method based on the blockchain may further clear the transaction data stored in the first easy payment verification node after the valid download period expires. The storage pressure of the upper chain can be reduced, and the overall performance of the block chain is improved.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S430 of fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 8, in this embodiment, the blockchain further includes an underlying chain including a consensus node. Step S430 in the above-described embodiment of fig. 4 may further include the following steps.
In step S810, the summary information and the download path are packaged into transaction information and uploaded to the bottom layer chain.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transaction information may be a data packet, and the data packet may include basic data of the uplink, summary information and a download path.
In step S820, after the consensus is achieved by the consensus node of the bottom link, the transaction information is stored in the target block of the block link.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the consensus node is a verification node, and votes for the block packed by the multiple transactions, and votes whether the block should be stored on the block chain.
Fig. 9 schematically shows a flow chart of a blockchain based data processing method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be processed by any electronic device with computing processing capability, for example, the server or the terminal device in the embodiment of fig. 1 described above, and in the following embodiment, the server is taken as an execution subject for example, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the blockchain includes an upper chain including a first easy payment verification node and a second easy payment verification node, and the method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed by the second easy payment verification node in the electronic device. As shown in fig. 9, the data processing method based on a block chain provided in this embodiment includes the following steps.
In step S910, the first mercker tree sent by the first simple payment verification node is received by the second simple payment verification node.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first mercker tree sent by the first easy payment verification node may be obtained, for example, according to step S450.
In step S920, the second merck tree of the second easy payment verification node is updated according to the first merck tree.
In the disclosed embodiment, the second merkel tree is data stored in the second easy payment verification node. The second merkel tree may be updated, for example, based on updated block header information in the first merkel tree.
In step S930, a target block is determined according to the updated block header information in the second merkel tree.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the hash value of the target block is recorded in the block header information. The target block may be determined based on the hash value in the block header information.
In step S940, summary information and a download path are obtained in a target tile on the blockchain.
In step S950, transaction data is obtained from the first easy payment verification node according to the download path.
In step S960, after the transaction data is verified to pass according to the summary information, the transaction data is transmitted to the second object.
According to the data processing method based on the block chain, the first Mercker tree is obtained through the second simple payment verification node of the upper-layer chain, and the updated block header information is determined according to the first Mercker tree, the block header information is used for updating the second Mercker tree in the local area, the block header information is used for determining the target block on the block chain, and communication of related information on the transaction data uplink between the first simple payment verification node and the second simple payment verification node can be achieved. The second simple payment verification node obtains the transaction data locally at the first simple payment verification node according to the download path obtained at the target block, and therefore the storage pressure of the block chain can be reduced. And verifying the transaction data according to the summary information obtained in the target block, and sending the transaction data to the second object after the verification is passed. The transaction data can be transmitted safely and reliably while the non-falsification characteristic of the transaction data is ensured.
Fig. 10 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S940 of fig. 9.
As shown in fig. 10, step S940 in the embodiment of fig. 9 may further include the following steps.
In step S1010, verification information of the summary information is obtained on the blockchain according to the block header information.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the verification information of the summary information may be generated and uploaded to the blockchain according to the embodiment shown in fig. 5, for example.
In step S1020, after the verification information according to the summary information is successfully verified, the summary information and the download path are obtained in the target block on the block chain.
In this embodiment, the verification is performed according to the verification information of the digest information on the blockchain, so as to verify whether the digest information has transmission errors or tampering, thereby further improving the security of data transmission.
Fig. 11 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S930 of fig. 9.
As shown in fig. 11, step S930 in the embodiment shown in fig. 9 may further include the following steps.
In step S1110, a target hash value of the chunk header information is determined according to the second merkel tree.
In step S1120, a target block is determined according to the target hash value.
Fig. 12 is a flowchart in an exemplary embodiment based on step S940 of fig. 9.
As shown in fig. 12, step 940 in the embodiment shown in fig. 9 may further include the following steps.
In step S1210, a valid download deadline is obtained for a target chunk of the chunk chain.
In the disclosed embodiment, the valid download deadline may be generated, for example, according to the embodiment shown in fig. 7.
In step S1220, in the time range corresponding to the valid download deadline, the transaction data is obtained according to the download path.
In this embodiment, by storing the valid download period to the target chunk as well, the second easy payment verification node can obtain the valid download period from the chunk chain and download the transaction data according to the download path within the time range indicated by the valid download period. The situation that the first simple payment verification node cannot download data after deleting the data after the effective download period is expired is avoided, the storage pressure of an upper-layer chain is reduced, and the overall performance of the block chain is improved.
Fig. 13 schematically shows a flow chart of a blockchain based data processing method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 13, a blockchain-based data processing architecture may include an upper layer chain 1310, a lower layer chain 1320, and a server 1330. The upper chain 1310 is a part of a block chain composed of SPV nodes, and is generally deployed in a user local, and the SPV tags corresponding to different user nodes are different, and the SPV nodes can obtain transaction data transferred to the SPV nodes. The SPV node internally contains three parts: a data storage portion 1341 for storing transaction and block header information; the bottom-layer chain synchronization part 1342 performs data interaction with the bottom-layer core chain; the point-to-point synchronization part 1343 is used for communication with other SPV nodes to synchronize the block header information and ensure the integrity of the local block header.
The underlying chain 1320 consists of consensus nodes that agree on blocks assembled from transactions issued, and only blocks that agree through can be issued to the chain. The upper chain and the bottom chain together form a complete double-layer block chain. The server 1330 generates the transaction and where to process the transaction. The server 1530 may, for example, include a first object and a second object.
As shown in fig. 13, the data processing method based on a block chain provided in this embodiment includes the following steps.
In step 1, a first object issues transaction data through a server.
In step 2, after obtaining the transaction data, the sending SPV node in the upper chain 1510 stores the transaction data in a local database, and generates summary information of the transaction data.
In step 3, the sending party SPV node packages summary information of the transaction data, a downloading path of the sending party SPV data (bound to the unique identifier of the sending party SPV node), verification information of the summary information, and the like into a transaction, and issues the transaction to the underlying consensus chain.
In step 4, the consensus nodes in the consensus network agree on consensus.
In step 5, after the receiving SPV node obtains the block header information through the point-to-point protocol, it obtains the transaction information belonging to it from the underlying core chain.
In step 6, after the receiving-side SPV node acquires the transaction information, the original transaction data is acquired from the sending-side SPV node according to the download path in the transaction information.
The receiving SPV node can verify the unique identification of the SPV node bound by the download path and verify the summary information according to the verification information of the summary information.
In step 7, the receiving party SPV node verifies the authenticity of the original transaction data according to the summary information of the transaction data, thereby ensuring that the original transaction data cannot be tampered with.
In step 8, the receiving SPV node returns the complete transaction data to the second object in the receiving server.
In this embodiment, the original transaction data is modifiable and cleanable since it is not consensus. To reduce the storage pressure of the upper chain, the raw transaction data may be periodically cold-prepared. Or setting a validity period for each transaction, wherein the receiver needs to acquire the original transaction data within the validity period, and the original transaction data can be cleared after the validity period is finished.
According to the data processing method based on the block chain, based on the mode of the double-layer chain, original transaction data are stored in the upper-layer chain and transmitted to a receiver in the upper-layer chain, the storage pressure of the bottom-layer core chain is reduced, and the overall performance of the block chain is improved. Meanwhile, the abstract of the original transaction data is linked, so that the original data is guaranteed to be non-tamper-proof.
The following describes an apparatus embodiment of the present disclosure, which may be used to perform the above-mentioned data processing method based on a block chain of the present disclosure. For details that are not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present disclosure, please refer to the embodiments of the data processing method based on block chains described above in the present disclosure.
Fig. 15 schematically shows a block diagram of a blockchain based data processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 15, a block chain based data processing apparatus 1500 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include: upper chain 1510 includes a first easy payment verification node module 1511 and a second easy payment verification node module 1512.
The first easy payment verification node module 1511 may be configured to acquire transaction data of the first object and generate summary information of the transaction data; after the transaction data are stored in the first simple payment verification node module locally, a download path of the transaction data is generated; storing the summary information and the download path to a target block of the block chain; updating a first Merck tree of the first simple payment verification node module according to the block header information of the target block; and synchronizing the updated first Mercker tree to the second simple payment verification node module.
Second easy payment verification node module 1512 may be configured to receive the first merkel tree sent by the first easy payment verification node module; updating a second Merck tree of a second simple payment verification node module according to the first Merck tree; determining a target block according to the updated block header information in the second Merck tree; obtaining summary information and a downloading path in a target block on a block chain; obtaining transaction data from the first simple payment verification node module according to the download path; and after the transaction data are verified to pass according to the summary information, the transaction data are sent to the second object.
According to the data processing device based on the block chain, the transaction data of the first object is received through the first simple payment verification node module of the upper-layer chain, after the transaction data is stored locally based on the first simple payment verification node module, only the summary information and the download path of the transaction data are stored in the target block of the block chain, the storage pressure applied to the block chain by uploading the original transaction data to the block chain in the related technology can be reduced, and the overall performance of the block chain is improved. Updating the first Mercker tree according to the block head information of the target block, synchronizing the updated first Mercker tree to the second simple payment verification node module, determining the block head information of the target block by the second simple payment verification node module according to the first Mercker tree, acquiring a download path and abstract information according to the block head information of the target block, acquiring transaction data from the first simple payment verification node module according to the download path, and confirming that the received transaction data is successful after verifying the transaction data successfully according to the abstract information. The transaction data can be transmitted safely and reliably on the premise of ensuring the non-tampering characteristic of the original transaction data and reducing the storage pressure of the block chain.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first easy payment verification node module may include a first point-to-point protocol data synchronization module and the second easy payment verification node module includes a second point-to-point protocol data synchronization module. The first PPP data synchronization module is configured to send the updated first Mercker tree to the second simple payment verification node module; the second point-to-point protocol data synchronization module is configured to receive the first Merck tree sent by the first simple payment verification node module.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first easy payment verification node module may be configured to generate verification information of the digest information; and storing the summary information, the verification information of the summary information and the download path to a target block of the block chain. The second simple payment verification node module can be configured to obtain verification information of the summary information on the block chain according to the block header information; and after the verification information according to the summary information is verified successfully, obtaining the summary information and the download path in the target block on the block chain.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first easy payment verification node module may be configured to determine a target hash value in the chunk header information of the target chunk; and updating the first Merck tree of the first simple payment verification node module according to the target hash value. The second easy payment verification node module may be configured to determine a target hash value of the chunk header information according to a second merkel tree; and determining a target block according to the target hash value.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first easy payment verification node module may be configured to determine a valid download deadline for the download path; storing the abstract information, the download path and the effective download time limit to a target block of a block chain; and clearing the transaction data stored in the first simple payment verification node module after the effective download period is expired. The second easy payment verification node module may be configured to obtain a valid download deadline on a target chunk of the blockchain; obtaining the transaction data according to the download path includes: and obtaining the transaction data according to the download path in the time range corresponding to the effective download deadline.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first easy payment verification node module may be configured to cold-prepare transaction data according to a preset time period.
In an exemplary embodiment, the blockchain further includes an underlying chain including a consensus node. The first simple payment verification node module can be configured to package the summary information and the download path into transaction information and upload the transaction information to the bottom layer chain; and after the consensus is achieved through the consensus node of the bottom-layer chain, the transaction information is stored in the target block of the block chain.
FIG. 16 shows a schematic diagram of an electronic device suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the electronic device 1600 shown in fig. 16 is only an example, and should not bring any limitation to the functions and the scope of the application of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 16, the electronic apparatus 1600 includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU)1601 that can perform various appropriate actions and processes in accordance with a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM)1602 or a program loaded from a storage portion 1608 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 1603. In the RAM 1603, various programs and data necessary for system operation are also stored. The CPU 1601, ROM 1602, and RAM 1603 are connected to each other via a bus 1604. An input/output (I/O) interface 1605 is also connected to the bus 1604.
The following components are connected to the I/O interface 1605: an input portion 1606 including a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; an output portion 1607 including a display device such as a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and a speaker; a storage portion 1608 including a hard disk and the like; and a communication section 1609 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, or the like. The communication section 1609 performs communication processing via a network such as the internet. The driver 1610 is also connected to the I/O interface 1605 as needed. A removable medium 1611 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like is mounted on the drive 1610 as necessary, so that a computer program read out therefrom is mounted in the storage portion 1608 as necessary.
In particular, the processes described below with reference to the flowcharts may be implemented as computer software programs, according to embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program embodied on a computer readable medium, the computer program comprising program code for performing the method illustrated in the flow chart. In such embodiments, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network via the communication portion 1609, and/or installed from the removable media 1611. When the computer program is executed by a Central Processing Unit (CPU)1601, various functions defined in the system of the present application are executed.
It should be noted that the computer readable media shown in the present disclosure may be computer readable signal media or computer readable storage media or any combination of the two. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having at least one wire, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the present disclosure, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In contrast, in the present disclosure, a computer-readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer-readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, fiber optic cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises at least one executable instruction for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
The modules described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by software, or may be implemented by hardware, and the described modules may also be disposed in a processor. Wherein the names of the modules do not in some cases constitute a limitation of the module itself.
As another aspect, the present application also provides a computer-readable medium, which may be contained in the electronic device described in the above embodiments; or may exist separately without being assembled into the electronic device. The computer readable medium carries one or more programs which, when executed by an electronic device, cause the electronic device to implement the method as described in the embodiments below. For example, the electronic device may implement the steps shown in fig. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, or 13.
It should be noted that although in the above detailed description several modules of the device for action execution are mentioned, this division is not mandatory. Indeed, the features and functionality of two or more of the modules described above may be embodied in one module, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. Conversely, the features and functions of one module described above may be further divided into embodiments by a plurality of modules.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the exemplary embodiments described herein may be implemented by software, or by software in combination with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solution according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which may be a CD-ROM, a usb disk, a removable hard disk, etc.) or on a network, and includes several instructions to enable a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a touch terminal, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (14)

1. A data processing method based on a block chain is characterized in that the block chain comprises an upper chain, and the upper chain comprises a first simple payment verification node and a second simple payment verification node; wherein the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring transaction data of a first object through the first simple payment verification node, and generating summary information of the transaction data;
after the transaction data are stored locally in the first simple payment verification node, a download path of the transaction data is generated;
storing the summary information and the download path to a target block of the block chain;
updating a first Merck tree of the first simple payment verification node according to the block header information of the target block;
and synchronizing the updated first Mercker tree to the second simple payment verification node, so that the second simple payment verification node can acquire the download path and the summary information according to the block header information of the target block, acquire the transaction data from the first simple payment verification node according to the download path, and verify the transaction data according to the summary information.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein storing the summary information and the download path to a target chunk of the blockchain comprises:
generating verification information of the summary information;
and storing the summary information, the verification information of the summary information and the download path to the target block of the block chain.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein updating the first Mercker tree of the first Simpley Payment verification node based on the Block header information of the target Block comprises:
determining a target hash value in the block header information of the target block;
updating the first Merck tree of the first easy payment verification node according to the target hash value.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein storing the summary information and the download path to a target chunk of the blockchain comprises:
determining a valid download deadline of the download path;
storing the summary information, the download path, and the valid download deadline to the target chunk of the chunk chain;
the method further comprises the following steps:
and clearing the transaction data stored in the first simple payment verification node after the valid download period is expired.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and performing cold standby processing on the transaction data according to a preset time period.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the blockchain further comprises an underlying chain comprising a consensus node; wherein storing the summary information and the download path to a target tile of the tile chain comprises:
packaging the summary information and the download path into transaction information and uploading the transaction information to the bottom layer chain;
and after the consensus is achieved through the consensus node of the bottom-layer chain, storing the transaction information to the target block of the block chain.
7. A data processing method based on a block chain is characterized in that the block chain comprises an upper chain, and the upper chain comprises a first simple payment verification node and a second simple payment verification node; wherein the method comprises the following steps:
receiving, by the second simple payment verification node, a first merkel tree sent by the first simple payment verification node;
updating a second Merck tree of the second simple payment verification node according to the first Merck tree;
determining a target block according to the updated block header information in the second Mercker tree;
obtaining summary information and a download path in the target block on the block chain;
obtaining transaction data from the first simple payment verification node according to the download path;
and after the transaction data is verified to pass according to the abstract information, the transaction data is sent to a second object.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein obtaining summary information and a download path in the target block on the blockchain comprises:
obtaining verification information of summary information on the block chain according to the block header information;
and after verification information according to the summary information is verified successfully, acquiring the summary information and the download path in the target block on the block chain.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein determining a target block according to the updated block header information in the second merkel tree comprises:
determining a target hash value of the block header information according to the second Merck tree;
and determining the target block according to the target hash value.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein obtaining summary information and a download path in the target block on the blockchain further comprises:
obtaining a valid download deadline on the target chunk of the chunk chain;
the obtaining transaction data according to the download path comprises:
and obtaining the transaction data according to the download path in a time range corresponding to the effective download deadline.
11. A blockchain-based data processing apparatus, comprising:
the upper-layer chain comprises a first simple payment verification node module and a second simple payment verification node module;
the first simple payment verification node module is configured to acquire transaction data of a first object and generate summary information of the transaction data; after the transaction data are stored locally in the first simple payment verification node module, a download path of the transaction data is generated; storing the summary information and the download path to a target block of the block chain; updating a first Merck tree of the first simple payment verification node module according to the block header information of the target block; synchronizing the updated first Mercker tree to the second simple payment verification node module;
the second simple payment verification node module is configured to receive the first Merck tree sent by the first simple payment verification node module; updating a second Merck tree of the second simple payment verification node module according to the first Merck tree; determining a target block according to the updated block header information in the second Mercker tree; obtaining summary information and a download path in the target block on the block chain; obtaining transaction data from the first simple payment verification node module according to the download path; and after the transaction data is verified to pass according to the abstract information, the transaction data is sent to a second object.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the first easy payment verification node module comprises a first point-to-point protocol data synchronization module, and the second easy payment verification node module comprises a second point-to-point protocol data synchronization module;
wherein the first PPP data synchronization module is configured to send the updated first Mercker tree to the second SIMPLE node module;
the second point-to-point protocol data synchronization module is configured to receive the first Merck tree sent by the first simple payment verification node module.
13. An electronic device, comprising:
at least one processor;
storage means for storing at least one program;
when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1-10.
14. A computer-readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method according to any one of claims 1-10.
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