CN111908907A - High-temperature-resistant crucible and manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant crucible and manufacturing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant crucible and a manufacturing process thereof, and particularly relates to the field of crucibles, wherein the used main materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of quartz sand, 5-10 parts of bauxite, 10-30 parts of diatomite, 10-15 parts of dolomite, 20-40 parts of magnesite, 20-40 parts of titanium diboride powder, 30-50 parts of titanium carbide, 10-30 parts of zirconium diboride powder, 10-20 parts of aluminum chromium slag and 10-20 parts of silicate. The invention has reasonable integral process steps, adopts the bauxite, the magnesite, the titanium diboride powder, the titanium carbide, the zirconium diboride powder, the aluminum chromium slag and the binding agent made of the phenolic resin as the raw materials, integrates the raw materials from the inside of the crucible by utilizing the chemical stability of the raw materials, effectively improves the stability of the crucible in a high-temperature state, avoids the phenomenon of surface cracking after long-time use and further prolongs the service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crucibles, and particularly relates to a high-temperature-resistant crucible and a manufacturing process thereof.
Background
Among the graphite crucibles, there are three types, a general type graphite crucible, a special type graphite crucible, and a high purity graphite crucible. Various types of graphite crucibles are different in performance, use and use conditions, and the used raw materials, production methods, process technologies and product models and specifications are also different, and the types of the crucibles are roughly divided into three major types: the first kind of copper smelting crucible, its specification is 'number'; the second type is a copper alloy crucible, a special circle has 100 numbers, a third type is a crucible for steel making, has 100 numbers, and the specification (size) of the crucible, generally expressed by the size of the serial number, and the crucible No. 1 has a volume capable of melting 1000g of brass and has a weight of 180 g. The melting amount of the crucible is calculated when different metals or alloys are melted, and the volume weight specification number of the crucible can be multiplied by the corresponding metal and alloy coefficients, and the production raw materials of the crucible can be summarized into three types. The nickel crucible is suitable for melting samples of NaOH Na2O2, Na2CO3 NaHCO3 and alkaline solvents containing KNO3, is not suitable for melting samples of acidic solvents such as KHSO4 or NaHS04, K2S2O7 or Na2S2O7 and sulfur-containing alkaline sulfide solvents, and needs to be used for assistance in the process of metal preparation.
However, in the process of practical use, the crucible is cracked due to long-time contact with the metal raw material in a high-temperature molten state, so that the service life of the crucible is shortened, and the practicability of the crucible is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant crucible and a manufacturing process thereof, and aims to solve the existing problems.
The invention is realized in such a way, and provides the following technical scheme: a high-temperature-resistant crucible is characterized in that the used main materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of quartz sand, 5-10 parts of bauxite, 10-30 parts of diatomite, 10-15 parts of dolomite, 20-40 parts of magnesite, 20-40 parts of titanium diboride powder, 30-50 parts of titanium carbide, 10-30 parts of zirconium diboride powder, 10-20 parts of aluminum chromium slag, 10-20 parts of silicate, 5-15 parts of mortar, 40-60 parts of water and 10-30 parts of binder, wherein the used filler comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of refractory clay and 10-30 parts of heat insulation material;
in a preferred embodiment, the main materials used in the method comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of quartz sand, 7 parts of bauxite, 20 parts of diatomite, 13 parts of dolomite, 30 parts of magnesite, 30 parts of titanium diboride powder, 40 parts of titanium carbide, 20 parts of zirconium diboride powder, 15 parts of chromium-aluminum slag, 15 parts of silicate, 10 parts of mortar, 50 parts of water and 20 parts of binder, wherein the used filler comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of refractory mortar and 20 parts of heat insulation material.
In a preferred embodiment, the binder comprises one or more of a phenolic resin and a novalac resin, wherein the novalac resin is a high molecular compound and is generated by a condensation reaction of phenol and aralkyl ether, and the novalac resin can be used as a binding agent, and the ratio of the novalac resin to the phenolic resin is 1: 3, mixing and using.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat insulation material comprises one or a mixture of silicon fibers, aluminum fibers, carbon fibers, nitrogen fibers and silicon carbide fibers.
The manufacturing process of the high-temperature-resistant crucible comprises the following processing steps: the method comprises the following steps: treating raw materials, selecting proper parts of quartz sand, bauxite, diatomite, dolomite, magnesite, titanium diboride powder, titanium carbide, zirconium diboride powder, aluminum chromium slag, silicate and mortar, classifying and screening various raw materials;
step two: stirring the raw materials, pouring the raw materials in the step one into a stirring furnace in sequence for stirring, then pouring a proper amount of water into the stirring furnace, raising the temperature in the stirring furnace to 50 ℃, then adding a proper amount of binder into the stirring furnace, and raising the temperature in the furnace to 80 ℃ to form a stirred material;
step three: molding, namely guiding the stirring material in the second step into a mold, wherein the mold is divided into an upper mold and a lower mold, pushing the upper mold downwards after the lower mold is filled with the stirring material, so that the two groups of molds are clamped together, molding the stirring material to form a hollow structural design, and injecting a filler made of refractory mortar and a heat insulation material into the crucible to form a heat insulation layer;
step four: firing in a furnace, namely taking the formed crucible out of the mold, directly placing the crucible in a high-temperature furnace for calcining, and keeping the crucible within a certain time range;
step five: and (3) surface spraying, namely after taking out the formed crucible from the high-temperature calcining furnace, rapidly cooling the crucible in a mist cooling mode, and after cooling the crucible to the normal temperature, spraying the heat-insulating coating on the surface of the crucible in a spraying mode.
In a preferred embodiment, the refractory mortar and the thermal insulation material in the filling are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1, and stirring the two at a proper temperature for a certain time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the whole process steps are reasonable, bauxite, magnesite, titanium diboride powder, titanium carbide, zirconium diboride powder, aluminum chromium slag and a binder made of phenolic resin are used as raw materials, the raw materials are integrated from the inside of the crucible by utilizing the chemical stability of the raw materials, the stability of the crucible in a high-temperature state is effectively improved, the phenomenon of surface cracking after long-time use is avoided, and the service life is prolonged;
2. through the mould shaping, with the inside hollow state design of making of crucible, utilize by the fire clay with the stopping that separates the heat material preparation and form to fill inside, collocation thermal-insulated coating, and then carry out the heat to whole isolated, effectual isolated the inside heat of crucible, avoided the excessive situation that causes the injury to the personnel of heat, possessed certain security.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a high-temperature-resistant crucible is characterized in that the used main materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of quartz sand, 5 parts of bauxite, 10 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of dolomite, 20 parts of magnesite, 20 parts of titanium diboride powder, 30 parts of titanium carbide, 10 parts of zirconium diboride powder, 10 parts of chromium-aluminum slag, 10 parts of silicate, 5 parts of mortar, 40 parts of water and 10 parts of binder, wherein the used filler comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of refractory mortar and 10 parts of heat insulation material.
Further, the binder comprises one or a mixture of several of phenolic resin and new phenolic resin, wherein the new phenolic resin is a high molecular compound and is generated by condensation reaction of phenol and aralkyl ether, the new phenolic resin can be used as a binding agent, and the ratio of the new phenolic resin to the phenolic resin is 1: 3, mixing and using.
Further, the heat insulation material comprises one or a mixture of more of silicon fiber, aluminum fiber, carbon fiber, nitrogen fiber and silicon carbide fiber.
The manufacturing process of the high-temperature-resistant crucible comprises the following processing steps: the method comprises the following steps: treating raw materials, selecting proper parts of quartz sand, bauxite, diatomite, dolomite, magnesite, titanium diboride powder, titanium carbide, zirconium diboride powder, aluminum chromium slag, silicate and mortar, classifying and screening various raw materials;
step two: stirring the raw materials, pouring the raw materials in the step one into a stirring furnace in sequence for stirring, then pouring a proper amount of water into the stirring furnace, raising the temperature in the stirring furnace to 50 ℃, then adding a proper amount of binder into the stirring furnace, and raising the temperature in the furnace to 80 ℃ to form a stirred material;
step three: and (2) molding, wherein the stirring material in the second step is introduced into a mold, the mold is divided into an upper mold and a lower mold, the upper mold is pushed downwards after the lower mold is filled with the stirring material, so that the two groups of molds are clamped together, the stirring material is molded to form a hollow structural design, the filling material made of the refractory mortar and the heat insulation material is injected into the crucible to form a heat insulation layer, and the refractory mortar and the heat insulation material in the filling material are molded according to the proportion of 1: 1, stirring the two at a proper temperature for a certain time;
step four: firing in a furnace, namely taking the formed crucible out of the mold, directly placing the crucible in a high-temperature furnace for calcining, and keeping the crucible within a certain time range;
step five: and (3) surface spraying, namely after taking out the formed crucible from the high-temperature calcining furnace, rapidly cooling the crucible in a mist cooling mode, and after cooling the crucible to the normal temperature, spraying the heat-insulating coating on the surface of the crucible in a spraying mode.
Example 2:
a high-temperature-resistant crucible is characterized in that the used main materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of quartz sand, 7 parts of bauxite, 20 parts of diatomite, 13 parts of dolomite, 30 parts of magnesite, 30 parts of titanium diboride powder, 40 parts of titanium carbide, 20 parts of zirconium diboride powder, 15 parts of chromium-aluminum slag, 15 parts of silicate, 10 parts of mortar, 50 parts of water and 20 parts of binder, wherein the used filler comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of refractory mortar and 20 parts of heat insulation material.
Further, the binder comprises one or a mixture of several of phenolic resin and new phenolic resin, wherein the new phenolic resin is a high molecular compound and is generated by condensation reaction of phenol and aralkyl ether, the new phenolic resin can be used as a binding agent, and the ratio of the new phenolic resin to the phenolic resin is 1: 3, mixing and using.
Further, the heat insulation material comprises one or a mixture of more of silicon fiber, aluminum fiber, carbon fiber, nitrogen fiber and silicon carbide fiber.
The manufacturing process of the high-temperature-resistant crucible comprises the following processing steps: the method comprises the following steps: treating raw materials, selecting proper parts of quartz sand, bauxite, diatomite, dolomite, magnesite, titanium diboride powder, titanium carbide, zirconium diboride powder, aluminum chromium slag, silicate and mortar, classifying and screening various raw materials;
step two: stirring the raw materials, pouring the raw materials in the step one into a stirring furnace in sequence for stirring, then pouring a proper amount of water into the stirring furnace, raising the temperature in the stirring furnace to 50 ℃, then adding a proper amount of binder into the stirring furnace, and raising the temperature in the furnace to 80 ℃ to form a stirred material;
step three: and (2) molding, wherein the stirring material in the second step is introduced into a mold, the mold is divided into an upper mold and a lower mold, the upper mold is pushed downwards after the lower mold is filled with the stirring material, so that the two groups of molds are clamped together, the stirring material is molded to form a hollow structural design, the filling material made of the refractory mortar and the heat insulation material is injected into the crucible to form a heat insulation layer, and the refractory mortar and the heat insulation material in the filling material are molded according to the proportion of 1: 1, stirring the two at a proper temperature for a certain time;
step four: firing in a furnace, namely taking the formed crucible out of the mold, directly placing the crucible in a high-temperature furnace for calcining, and keeping the crucible within a certain time range;
step five: and (3) surface spraying, namely after taking out the formed crucible from the high-temperature calcining furnace, rapidly cooling the crucible in a mist cooling mode, and after cooling the crucible to the normal temperature, spraying the heat-insulating coating on the surface of the crucible in a spraying mode.
Example 3:
a high-temperature-resistant crucible is characterized in that the used main materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of quartz sand, 10 parts of bauxite, 30 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of dolomite, 40 parts of magnesite, 40 parts of titanium diboride powder, 50 parts of titanium carbide, 30 parts of zirconium diboride powder, 20 parts of chromium-aluminum slag, 10-20 parts of silicate, 15 parts of mortar, 60 parts of water and 30 parts of binder, wherein the used filler comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of refractory mortar and 30 parts of heat insulation material.
Further, the binder comprises one or a mixture of several of phenolic resin and new phenolic resin, wherein the new phenolic resin is a high molecular compound and is generated by condensation reaction of phenol and aralkyl ether, the new phenolic resin can be used as a binding agent, and the ratio of the new phenolic resin to the phenolic resin is 1: 3, mixing and using.
Further, the heat insulation material comprises one or a mixture of more of silicon fiber, aluminum fiber, carbon fiber, nitrogen fiber and silicon carbide fiber.
The manufacturing process of the high-temperature-resistant crucible comprises the following processing steps: the method comprises the following steps: treating raw materials, selecting proper parts of quartz sand, bauxite, diatomite, dolomite, magnesite, titanium diboride powder, titanium carbide, zirconium diboride powder, aluminum chromium slag, silicate and mortar, classifying and screening various raw materials;
step two: stirring the raw materials, pouring the raw materials in the step one into a stirring furnace in sequence for stirring, then pouring a proper amount of water into the stirring furnace, raising the temperature in the stirring furnace to 50 ℃, then adding a proper amount of binder into the stirring furnace, and raising the temperature in the furnace to 80 ℃ to form a stirred material;
step three: and (2) molding, wherein the stirring material in the second step is introduced into a mold, the mold is divided into an upper mold and a lower mold, the upper mold is pushed downwards after the lower mold is filled with the stirring material, so that the two groups of molds are clamped together, the stirring material is molded to form a hollow structural design, the filling material made of the refractory mortar and the heat insulation material is injected into the crucible to form a heat insulation layer, and the refractory mortar and the heat insulation material in the filling material are molded according to the proportion of 1: 1, stirring the two at a proper temperature for a certain time;
step four: firing in a furnace, namely taking the formed crucible out of the mold, directly placing the crucible in a high-temperature furnace for calcining, and keeping the crucible within a certain time range;
step five: and (3) surface spraying, namely after taking out the formed crucible from the high-temperature calcining furnace, rapidly cooling the crucible in a mist cooling mode, and after cooling the crucible to the normal temperature, spraying the heat-insulating coating on the surface of the crucible in a spraying mode.
The crucibles prepared in examples 1 to 3 were used separately and tested for a period of time to obtain the following data:
as can be seen from the above table, the steps in example 2 are reasonable, the bauxite, the magnesite, the titanium diboride powder, the titanium carbide, the zirconium diboride powder, the chromium aluminum slag and the phenolic resin are used as raw materials, and the raw materials are integrated from the inside of the crucible by utilizing the chemical stability of the raw materials, so that the stability of the crucible in a high-temperature state is effectively improved, the phenomenon of surface cracking after long-term use is avoided, and the service life is further prolonged.
And finally: the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A high temperature resistant crucible, characterized in that: the used main materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of quartz sand, 5-10 parts of bauxite, 10-30 parts of diatomite, 10-15 parts of dolomite, 20-40 parts of magnesite, 20-40 parts of titanium diboride powder, 30-50 parts of titanium carbide, 10-30 parts of zirconium diboride powder, 10-20 parts of aluminum chromium slag, 10-20 parts of silicate, 5-15 parts of mortar, 40-60 parts of water and 10-30 parts of binder, wherein the used filler comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of refractory clay and 10-30 parts of heat insulation material.
2. A refractory crucible as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the used main materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of quartz sand, 7 parts of bauxite, 20 parts of diatomite, 13 parts of dolomite, 30 parts of magnesite, 30 parts of titanium diboride powder, 40 parts of titanium carbide, 20 parts of zirconium diboride powder, 15 parts of chromium-aluminum slag, 15 parts of silicate, 10 parts of mortar, 50 parts of water and 20 parts of binder, wherein the used filler comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of refractory mortar and 20 parts of heat insulation material.
3. A refractory crucible as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the binder comprises one or a mixture of more of phenolic resin and novel phenolic resin, wherein the novel phenolic resin is a macromolecular compound and is generated by condensation reaction of phenol and aralkyl ether, the novel phenolic resin can be used as a binder, and the ratio of the novel phenolic resin to the phenolic resin is as follows, the ratio of the total weight of the novel phenolic resin to the total weight of the phenolic resin is 1: 3, mixing and using.
4. A refractory crucible as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation material comprises one or a mixture of more of silicon fiber, aluminum fiber, carbon fiber, nitrogen fiber and silicon carbide fiber.
5. A process for manufacturing a refractory crucible as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the manufacturing process of the high-temperature-resistant crucible comprises the following processing steps: the method comprises the following steps: treating raw materials, selecting proper parts of quartz sand, bauxite, diatomite, dolomite, magnesite, titanium diboride powder, titanium carbide, zirconium diboride powder, aluminum chromium slag, silicate and mortar, classifying and screening various raw materials;
step two: stirring the raw materials, pouring the raw materials in the step one into a stirring furnace in sequence for stirring, then pouring a proper amount of water into the stirring furnace, raising the temperature in the stirring furnace to 50 ℃, then adding a proper amount of binder into the stirring furnace, and raising the temperature in the furnace to 80 ℃ to form a stirred material;
step three: molding, namely guiding the stirring material in the second step into a mold, wherein the mold is divided into an upper mold and a lower mold, pushing the upper mold downwards after the lower mold is filled with the stirring material, so that the two groups of molds are clamped together, molding the stirring material to form a hollow structural design, and injecting a filler made of refractory mortar and a heat insulation material into the crucible to form a heat insulation layer;
step four: firing in a furnace, namely taking the formed crucible out of the mold, directly placing the crucible in a high-temperature furnace for calcining, and keeping the crucible within a certain time range;
step five: and (3) surface spraying, namely after taking out the formed crucible from the high-temperature calcining furnace, rapidly cooling the crucible in a mist cooling mode, and after cooling the crucible to the normal temperature, spraying the heat-insulating coating on the surface of the crucible in a spraying mode.
6. The process of claim 5, wherein the crucible is made of a refractory material, and the process comprises the following steps: the refractory mortar and the heat insulation material in the filler are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, and stirring the two at a proper temperature for a certain time.
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| CN202010800163.3A CN111908907A (en) | 2020-08-11 | 2020-08-11 | High-temperature-resistant crucible and manufacturing process thereof |
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| CN202010800163.3A CN111908907A (en) | 2020-08-11 | 2020-08-11 | High-temperature-resistant crucible and manufacturing process thereof |
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| US20040102308A1 (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-05-27 | Simpson Robert E. | Crucible material and crucible |
| CN101318812A (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2008-12-10 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high-alumina-quality high-temperature crucible pot |
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