CN111904682A - Intelligent skeleton orthopedic system - Google Patents
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- CN111904682A CN111904682A CN202010796206.5A CN202010796206A CN111904682A CN 111904682 A CN111904682 A CN 111904682A CN 202010796206 A CN202010796206 A CN 202010796206A CN 111904682 A CN111904682 A CN 111904682A
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/0102—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
- A61F5/0104—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations without articulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
- G06F3/0487—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
- G06F3/0488—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H40/00—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/60—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/63—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for local operation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
- G16H50/30—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent skeleton orthopedic system, which comprises an orthopedic device and a power supply device, wherein the orthopedic device consists of a plurality of shape memory alloy rods, the shape memory alloy rods are provided with temperature sensors and stress sensors, the system also comprises a controller, the temperature sensors and the stress sensors respectively transmit acquired data to the controller, the controller reads the data, and then the output of the power supply device is automatically controlled according to the read result. The invention can reduce the subjectivity of manual control, improve the operation sensitivity, realize the intelligent regulation and control of the shape memory alloy rod, and simultaneously has the advantages of comfort, safety, good compliance, convenient use and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent skeleton orthopedic system, and belongs to the field of medical instruments.
Background
Skeletal deformity can not only cause external deformity such as humpback, shoulder height, short and long legs, and asymmetric skeletal development, but also cause organ development deformity and dysfunction, and can seriously cause heart and lung failure, paralysis and death. The most common and reliable treatment is to help patients with mild deformities by means of medical aids. However, most of the existing orthopedic devices are formed in one step, and do not have the functions of intelligent deformation and intelligent regulation, the treatment period is long, the economic cost is high, the hard materials used by the brace do not have hyperelasticity, great discomfort and even injury to the human body can be caused in the treatment process, the patient compliance is poor due to the defects, and the orthopedic effect is unsatisfactory.
Since the discovery of the shape memory alloy of nickel titanium in the 60's of the 20 th century, the material has been widely applied to the fields of aerospace, metallurgy, manufacturing and the like. The nickel-titanium alloy has good shape memory effect, superelasticity, low magnetism, wear resistance, fatigue resistance and biocompatibility, and is widely applied to the medical field. For example, various internal fixation devices, such as orthodontic archwires, staples, rib claws, fibula claspers, wrist triangular fusion cages, intervertebral fusion cages, etc., are widely used in operations such as vascular stents, vascular embolizers, vascular anastomoses, intestinal anastomoses, etc., and in the manufacture of various medical devices such as novel prostheses and orthoses.
Compared with the existing skeleton orthotics, the nickel-titanium alloy can automatically generate deformation under the conditions of current, magnetic field, heating and the like, and the deformation amount is controllable, so that the adaptability is better, the use is more comfortable, and the safety is higher. However, the existing bone orthopedic device based on the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is still in the initial stage of application and development, and has the defects of low intelligent degree, insensitive operation and the like, and a new bone orthopedic system needs to be developed, so that on one hand, the continuous orthopedic force can be provided by utilizing the superelasticity of the memory alloy, on the other hand, the deformation amount of the alloy can be intelligently controlled, and further, the dynamically adjustable orthopedic force can be provided, and the accuracy, the sensitivity and the curative effect of the orthopedic are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent skeletal orthopedic system, which utilizes the shape memory function of nickel-titanium alloy and combines advanced intelligent detection control and sensors to realize automatic control on skeletal orthopedic and simultaneously improve orthopedic effect, comfort and safety in use.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
an intelligent skeleton orthopedic system comprises an orthopedic device and a power supply device, wherein the orthopedic device is composed of a plurality of shape memory alloy rods, the shape memory alloy rods are electrically connected with the power supply device, the power supply device is used for independently outputting current to each shape memory alloy rod and enabling each shape memory alloy rod to deform, a temperature sensor and a stress sensor are arranged on each shape memory alloy rod, the temperature sensor is used for collecting the heating temperature of each shape memory alloy rod, the stress sensor is used for collecting the pressure generated by the contact part of each shape memory alloy rod and a human body after deformation, the system further comprises a controller, the controller is provided with an input device, a storage chip and a microprocessor, the input device is used for a user to input a control instruction to the storage chip, the temperature sensor and the stress sensor are respectively connected with the storage chip through data lines and transmit the collected data to the storage chip, the microprocessor is used for reading data in the storage chip and sending an output current instruction to the power supply device.
Preferably, the power supply device comprises an energy storage device and an energy supply device, wherein the energy storage device is used for providing an energy source for the whole system, the energy storage device can be a storage battery, and the energy supply device is used for respectively outputting current to each shape memory alloy rod according to the instruction of the microprocessor.
Preferably, the input device is a liquid crystal touch screen.
Preferably, the system also comprises a wearable human body physiological signal acquisition device which is used for acquiring the physiological signal of the human body and transmitting the acquired physiological signal to the storage chip.
Further preferably, the wearable human physiological signal acquisition device is in data connection with the storage chip through Bluetooth.
Further preferably, the physiological signals include body temperature, blood oxygen and heart rate.
Preferably, the system further comprises an acceleration sensor for sensing the motion state of the bone, and the acceleration sensor transmits the acquired data to the memory chip.
Further preferably, the acceleration sensor is in data connection with the storage chip through bluetooth.
Preferably, the system further comprises a communication device, the microprocessor synchronously transmits the input and output data to the communication device, and the communication device transmits the data to the server through the wireless network.
Further preferably, the wireless network is a 5G network.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the deformation quantity of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is automatically controlled by detecting the temperature on the shape memory alloy rod according to the relationship among the current, the temperature and the deformation quantity of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, so that the automatic correction and the intelligent regulation and control of the skeletal deformity are realized. The invention reduces the subjectivity of manual control, can adjust the deformation amount in time, thereby leading the shape correction to be more precise and accurate, and in addition, the invention can also automatically control the power output according to the stress of the shape memory alloy rod and the physiological signal of a patient, thereby having higher safety. The invention also has the advantages of convenient use, comfort, good compliance, long service life and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a system.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the configuration of a shape memory alloy rod, wherein: 1-a shape memory alloy rod; 2-a temperature sensor; 3-stress sensor, where I denotes circuitry.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example (b): the invention provides an intelligent bone orthopedic system, which comprises six parts, namely an orthopedic device, a power supply device, a controller, a wearable human body physiological signal acquisition device, an acceleration sensor and a communication device, as shown in figure 1.
The orthopedic device and the power supply device are core components of the system, the orthopedic device is composed of a plurality of shape memory alloy rods, the shape memory alloy rods are electrically connected with the power supply device, and the power supply device is used for independently outputting current to each shape memory alloy rod. The shape memory alloy rod generates deformation after being electrified, the deformation is directly driven by temperature, the deformation quantity is directly related to the temperature, the current can increase the temperature of the alloy, and the temperature is directly related to the current quantity, so that the deformed part of the bone of a patient can be corrected by utilizing the property of the shape memory alloy. When in use, the shape memory alloy rods are fixed around the deformed bone to be corrected, and the deformed bone is corrected by controlling the current amount on the shape memory alloy rods to generate different deformations.
However, most of the existing orthopedic systems manually control the current according to the use feeling of the patient or doctor, and the control is subjective, and the operation is insensitive and tedious, which often results in that the orthopedic purpose is not achieved, and even operation errors occur to aggravate the deformity. To this end, we provide an intelligent orthotic system solution to these drawbacks: the shape memory alloy rod is provided with a temperature sensor and a stress sensor (as shown in figure 2), the temperature sensor is used for collecting the heating temperature of the shape memory alloy rod, the stress sensor is used for collecting the pressure generated by the deformed shape memory alloy rod and the contact part of a human body, the system further comprises a controller, the controller is provided with an input device, a storage chip and a microprocessor, the input device is a liquid crystal touch screen and is used for inputting a control instruction to the storage chip by a user, the temperature sensor and the stress sensor are respectively connected with the storage chip through data lines and transmit the collected data to the storage chip, and the microprocessor is used for reading the data in the storage chip and outputting a current instruction to the power supply device.
Because the degree of the malformation of the skeleton is different, the deformation quantity required to be generated by the shape memory alloy rod is also different, and the automatic control of the output current and the deformation quantity can be realized by detecting the temperature of the shape memory alloy rod. In addition, when the memory alloy is used for correcting the malformed bone, the memory alloy rod generates pressure on the contact part with the human body after being deformed, the comfort and compliance of the patient are directly determined by the pressure, when the stress sensor detects that the stress of the local force application point is too large or too small, the information can be fed back to the controller in real time, and the controller adjusts the output of the power supply device according to the preset pressure value, so that the deformation quantity of the shape memory alloy rod is reduced or increased, the pain of the patient is relieved, and the comfort, compliance and curative effect of orthopedic treatment are improved.
The temperature sensor may use an LMT70 small wearable device temperature sensor. The stress sensor can use a flexible mechanical sensor, the working principle of the stress sensor is that a pressure signal generated by the shape memory alloy rod and a human body part when the shape memory alloy rod deforms is converted into an electric signal, and a signal processing and operation circuit is integrated in the sensor, so that the stress sensor has simple signal processing capability, and the stress sensor can be referred to a similar mechanical sensor in academic papers of 'research on flexible mechanical sensors for wearable equipment'.
The invention can realize the automatic adjustment of the shape memory alloy bar variable by detecting the temperature and the stress on the shape memory alloy bar and simply processing the data detected by the temperature sensor and the stress sensor by the controller, thereby realizing the intellectualization of the orthopedic system.
The power supply device comprises an energy storage device and an energy supply device, the energy storage device is used for providing an energy source for the whole system, the energy source can be a storage battery, and the energy supply device respectively outputs current to the shape memory alloy rods according to the instruction of the microprocessor.
To some patients that are poor in constitution or have basic diseases, adverse reactions such as fever, arrhythmia, anoxia and the like easily occur in the orthopedic process, so that physiological signs of the patients need to be monitored to improve the treatment safety, the system is further provided with a wearable human body physiological signal acquisition device for acquiring physiological signals such as body temperature, blood oxygen and heart rate of a human body, and the device is widely applied to intelligent wearable equipment such as a sports bracelet at present. The human physiological signal acquisition device transmits acquired physiological signals to the storage chip through Bluetooth, the microprocessor judges whether the physiological signals are abnormal or not through simple comparison after reading, and then controls the output of the power supply device according to a judgment result, and the device greatly improves the use safety of the system.
The present invention also has one acceleration sensor to sense the motion state of the bone to be orthopedic, the acceleration sensor transmits the collected data to the memory chip via blue tooth, and the microprocessor reads and controls the output of the power source device.
The system also comprises a communication device, the controller synchronously transmits the input and output data to the communication device, the communication device transmits the data to the server through a 5G wireless network, and a doctor can master the working state of the orthopedic device at any time according to the server terminal and timely and remotely adjust the working parameters of the orthopedic device according to the use and treatment conditions of a patient.
The method of use of the device is described in further detail below, taking spinal deformities as an example:
before use, the patient wears the orthopedic device on the body, and a doctor or the patient selects the orientation and the degree of the spinal deformity and inputs the selection result on the liquid crystal touch screen. The deformation direction displayed on the liquid crystal touch screen can be left-leaning, right-leaning, forward-leaning or backward-leaning, the deformation degree is divided into I level, II level, III level and IV level, the higher the grade is, the larger the deformation degree is, the higher the deformation amount of the needed memory alloy is. Meanwhile, the doctor or the patient can input pressure values which can be tolerated by the patient on the liquid crystal touch screen according to needs, the pressure values are expressed by large, medium and small, and the tolerance degrees of the patients with different sexes, ages and constitutions to the pressure are different, for example, the pressure values can be set to be small for women and children, the pressure values can be set to be large for young and old people, and the pressure values can be set to be 'medium'. In addition, the liquid crystal touch screen also has four modes of walking, standing, sitting and lying and the display functions of body temperature, blood oxygen and heart rate numerical values.
The liquid crystal touch screen transmits the input result to the storage chip, and the microprocessor calculates the input result after reading the input result to obtain the current amount and the temperature required by the deformation of the corresponding shape memory alloy rod. The relation between the degree of deformity, the deformation quantity of the memory alloy, the temperature and the current is obtained by the applicant through experiments before the patent application, and a corresponding calculation program is designed according to the experimental result, and the improvement point of the invention lies in the structure without depending on the program. Moreover, since a great deal of literature reports the deformation principle of the memory alloy and the relationship between the temperature, the current and the deformation quantity in the prior art, and a person skilled in the art can easily and independently design corresponding calculation software according to the principle, the program related to the invention is a simple and known program in the field.
The microprocessor sends an output current instruction to the power supply according to the calculation result, for example, when the device is left-leaning and I-level, the power supply outputs relatively low current to the shape memory alloy rod on the left side of the device, so that the memory alloy on the left side is heated to generate deformation so as to correct the deformity. The temperature sensor transmits the detected temperature of the memory alloy to the memory chip, and the microprocessor reads the temperature and the deformation of the memory alloy so as to control the temperature and the deformation of the memory alloy within a reasonable range all the time.
During the treatment, when the stress generated by the overlarge deformation of the memory alloy exceeds the set pressure value, the microprocessor sends an instruction for reducing the output current to the power supply, otherwise, when the stress is too low, the output current is increased to improve the curative effect. The system uses the principle of pressure value priority, namely once the pressure value approaches the set value, even if the deformation quantity of the memory alloy does not reach the set level, the system automatically reduces the current of the memory alloy so as to maintain the deformation quantity, thereby ensuring the comfort and the safety in treatment.
The physiological signal collector feeds back the collected physiological signal data to the storage chip through Bluetooth, the body temperature, blood oxygen and heart rate data of a normal person are stored in the storage chip, the microprocessor reads the data in the storage chip, whether the physiological signal is abnormal is judged through simple comparison, and then the output of the power supply is controlled according to the judgment result, for example, when any one of the detected body temperature, blood oxygen and heart rate is larger than a normal value, the microprocessor immediately sends an instruction of stopping current output to the power supply, so that the memory alloy is quickly restored to the state before deformation, and the use safety of the device is greatly improved.
In four modes of walking, standing, sitting and lying, the deformation quantity of the memory alloy is set to lie > sitting > standing > walking, and the system can automatically adjust the current quantity of the memory alloy to a certain level in each mode.
The shape memory alloy rod, the controller, the temperature sensor, the stress sensor, the physiological signal collector and the like in the invention are all existing devices, and other devices which are not described in detail in the invention are all the prior art in the field and can be obtained by various commercial approaches or simple modification on the basis of the existing devices.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent bone orthopedic system, which comprises an orthopedic device and a power supply device, wherein the orthopedic device is composed of a plurality of shape memory alloy rods, the shape memory alloy rods are electrically connected with the power supply device, the power supply device is used for independently outputting current to each shape memory alloy rod and enabling the shape memory alloy rod to generate deformation, and the intelligent bone orthopedic system is characterized in that: the system comprises a shape memory alloy rod, and is characterized in that a temperature sensor and a stress sensor are arranged on the shape memory alloy rod, the temperature sensor is used for collecting the heating temperature of the shape memory alloy rod, the stress sensor is used for collecting the pressure generated by the shape memory alloy rod after deformation and the contact part of a human body, the system further comprises a controller, the controller is provided with an input device, a storage chip and a microprocessor, the input device is used for a user to input a control instruction to the storage chip, the temperature sensor and the stress sensor are respectively connected with the storage chip through data lines and transmit the collected data to the storage chip, and the microprocessor is used for reading the data in the storage chip and outputting a current instruction to a power supply device.
2. The intelligent bone reshaping system of claim 1, wherein: the power supply device comprises an energy storage device and an energy supply device, the energy storage device is used for providing an energy source for the whole system, the energy storage device can be a storage battery, and the energy supply device is used for respectively outputting current to each shape memory alloy rod according to the instruction of the microprocessor.
3. The intelligent bone reshaping system of claim 1, wherein: the input device is a liquid crystal touch screen.
4. The intelligent bone reshaping system of claim 1, wherein: the wearable human body physiological signal acquisition device is used for acquiring a human body physiological signal and transmitting the acquired physiological signal to the storage chip.
5. The intelligent bone reshaping system of claim 4, wherein: human physiological signal collection system of wearing formula carries out data connection through bluetooth and memory chip.
6. The intelligent bone reshaping system of claim 4, wherein: the physiological signals include body temperature, blood oxygen, and heart rate.
7. The intelligent bone reshaping system of claim 4, wherein: the bone motion monitoring system further comprises an acceleration sensor used for sensing the motion state of the bone, and the acceleration sensor transmits the collected data to the storage chip.
8. The intelligent bone reshaping system of claim 7, wherein: the acceleration sensor is in data connection with the storage chip through Bluetooth.
9. The intelligent bone reshaping system of claim 7, wherein: the microprocessor synchronously transmits input and output data to the communication device, and the communication device transmits the data to the server through a wireless network.
10. The intelligent bone reshaping system of claim 9, wherein: the wireless network is a 5G network.
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