CN111903624B - Gravity expanding type euphausia superba truss rod trawl fishing gear - Google Patents
Gravity expanding type euphausia superba truss rod trawl fishing gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN111903624B CN111903624B CN202010503993.XA CN202010503993A CN111903624B CN 111903624 B CN111903624 B CN 111903624B CN 202010503993 A CN202010503993 A CN 202010503993A CN 111903624 B CN111903624 B CN 111903624B
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- 241000239370 Euphausia superba Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241000239366 Euphausiacea Species 0.000 description 6
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 241001233242 Lontra Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K73/00—Drawn nets
- A01K73/02—Trawling nets
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a gravity expansion type euphausia superba truss rod trawl fishing gear which comprises a net, wherein the net comprises a truss rod, an upper flange line, a lower flange line, a side flange line, a cover net, a side wing net and a body net, the truss rod is 18-20 m long, the diameter of the truss rod is between 250 and 300mm, the truss rod enables a net mouth to be expanded horizontally, the mesh size of the cover net and the mesh size of a net of the side wing net are both 200mm, and the cover net consists of four regular triangular nets and a rectangular net; the body net is provided with ten sections, the head sides of net tools from the first section of the body net to the third section of the body net are of an inverted trapezoidal structure, the two waist lengths of the first section of the body net are equal to the upper length of the first section of the body net, the lower length of the first section of the body net is smaller than the upper length of the first section of the body net, the net clothes from the fourth section of the body net to the tenth section of the body net are of four symmetrical structures, and the head sides of the net clothes are of a square structure; sinking forces are respectively arranged on two sides of the abdominal net at the front end of the net opening of the body net, the weight of the sinking forces is 2-3 tons, and the component forces of the sinking forces are transmitted through the side ropes and the sewing edges, so that the lower edge ropes are in a stressed and tensioned state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a trawl fishing gear in marine fishery, in particular to a trawl fishing gear for fishing Antarctic krill.
Background
Since the resources of Antarctic krill were commercially developed in the 80's of the 20 th century, trawling, purse seine and trawling were tried, but only one trawling operation mode is reserved through years of production practice.
According to the expansion mode of the euphausia superba trawl fishing gear, 2 types are mainly adopted: one is to keep the horizontal expansion of the netting gear by the trawl door; the other is to keep the net horizontal expansion through the trusses at the front end of the net opening. The net plate trawl fishing operation mode is characterized in that the net plate can be kept stable under certain dynamic conditions, so that the catch object can be obtained through a complete process of net placing, fishing and net lifting every time. Meanwhile, in order to fully expand the netting gear and the net plate, a trawl rope, the net plate, a hand rope, a net gear head rope, a float rope, a foot rope, a sinker rope, a side rope, a cross rope and the like are required to be arranged on the left and the right respectively to ensure that the trawl gear is in a better operation state, and because the connection between the ship and the net involves more parts, the distance between the trawl gear and the ship is far, so that the whole fishing operation process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the effective trawl time is influenced, and the fishing yield is influenced; the operation mode of the trussed-beam trawl fishing is characterized in that the operation form of the net is mainly controlled by the length of the trussed beam preset at the front end of the net opening, the horizontal expansion of the net opening is stable and is not easy to deform, compared with a otter board trawl, the connection between the trawls and the trawls only needs to be configured with a single trawl, a trussed beam, a floating ball and sinking force, and the operation state of the trawling fishing gear can be ensured by adding a head line, a side line, a foot line and the like, the trawling net is relatively close to a ship, and the quick operation of net hauling and net releasing and the quick adjustment of net positions are facilitated. Meanwhile, due to the operation mode of the boom trawl fishing, the trawl fishing can be performed only by a single trawl, if a support rod is additionally arranged on the ship 2 side and a trawl traction point is arranged, trawl fishing can be performed on the ship side 2 from the port and the starboard, the fishing efficiency is improved by times, and the method is the most efficient operation mode for fishing the antarctic krill at present.
At present, after the antarctic krill fishery in China is cultivated for nearly 10 years, the net plate trawl operation mode is mainly adopted, although the fishing yield and the fishing scale of the antarctic krill are listed as the second world, the difference is still very obvious compared with the Norway with the pump pumping continuous fishing technology, the single-ship fishing efficiency and the fishing yield are only 1/2 and 1/3, and the reason is researched, and the difference of the fishing operation is the main reason.
Disclosure of Invention
The method aims to solve the problems that the trawl fishing efficiency of the euphausia superba otter board is low and the working performance is unstable in the prior art. The invention provides a gravity expansion type antarctic krill truss rod trawl fishing gear structure with a natural vertical expansion function of a net opening.
The invention provides a gravity expansion type euphausia superba truss rod trawl fishing gear which comprises a net, wherein the net comprises a truss rod, an upper border line, a lower border line, a side line, a cover net, a side wing net and a body net, and is characterized in that the truss rod is 18-20 m long, the diameter of the truss rod is between 250-300mm, the truss rod enables a net opening to horizontally expand, the mesh size of the cover net and the mesh size of a net of the side wing net are both 200mm, and the cover net is composed of four regular triangular nets and a rectangular net;
the body net is provided with ten sections, the head sides of net tools from the first section of the body net to the third section of the body net are of an inverted trapezoidal structure, the two waist lengths of the first section of the body net are equal to the upper length of the first section of the body net, the lower length of the first section of the body net is smaller than the upper length of the first section of the body net, the net clothes from the fourth section of the body net to the tenth section of the body net are of four symmetrical structures, and the head sides of the net clothes are of a square structure;
sinking forces are respectively arranged on two sides of the abdominal net at the front end of the net opening of the body net, the weight of the sinking forces is 2-3 tons, and the component forces of the sinking forces are transmitted through the side ropes and the sewing edges, so that the lower edge ropes are in a stressed and tensioned state.
According to the invention, by changing the structure of the net plate trawl tool and the floating and sinking force configuration method, the influence of factors such as wind, wave, flow and trawl speed on the trawl operation easily caused by the operation environment is reduced, the poor stability of the trawl operation is improved, the configuration and the operation process of an operation system are simplified, the expansion of the net mouth of the net tool is stabilized, the sea sweeping area of the net mouth is ensured, the water filtering volume of the net tool is increased, the fishing operation efficiency is improved, and the requirement of the efficient fishing operation of the euphausia superba can be met. The invention adopts the method of intensively configuring the gravity at two connecting points of the net and the abdominal net at the net mouth side, and utilizes the special structure of the net mouth and the component force generated by the gravity to enable the abdomen of the net mouth to generate a left-right stretching force and the side to generate a forward stretching force, thereby realizing the natural vertical expansion of the net mouth. Compared with the otter board trawl, the connection between the ship nets can ensure the operation state of the trawl fishing gear only by configuring a single trail line, a truss rod, a floating ball and sinking force, and adding an upper line, a side line, a lower line and the like, and the trawl fishing gear is relatively close to a ship, so that the quick operation of hauling and releasing the net and the quick adjustment of the net position are facilitated.
Preferably, the net of the regular triangle net adopts a cutting slope of 1-1, and the net of the flank net adopts a cutting slope of 3-13.
Preferably, the cover net is 8 meters in length, the cover net is 16 meters in total length, each section of net body of the net body is 8 meters in length, and the net body is 80 meters in total length.
Preferably, the body net comprises a back net, a side net and an abdomen net, the cutting slopes of the back net and the side net are both 2-1, and the cutting slopes of the abdomen net along the length direction from the first section of the body net to the third section of the body net are 3-1, 3-1 and 3-1 respectively.
The invention is characterized in that the net head-on flow surface of the back net, the side net and the belly net of 1-3 sections at the front part of the net body of the net is in an inverted regular trapezoid structure, the special structure and the gravity concentration configuration of the net opening part are utilized, the floating line of the head line and the sinking line of the lower line are not needed, and the horizontal expansion can be kept by providing the buoyancy through the truss rods.
Preferably, the net sheets from the fourth section to the tenth section of the net are in a four-piece symmetrical structure, and the cutting slopes of the net clothes from the fourth section to the tenth section of the net are respectively 3-1, 4-1, 5-1 and 5-1.
Preferably, the net tightening circumference of the net opening part at the front end of the net is 248 meters, and the net tightening circumference of the net opening part at the tail end of the net is 44.8 meters.
Preferably, the widths of the waist length and the upper side length on both sides of the first section of the body net are 320 meshes, the width of the lower side length of the first section of the body net is 280 meshes and is 87.5% of the other side lengths of the first section of the body net, the width of the lower side length of the second section of the body net is 90.7% of the other side lengths of the second section of the body net, and the width of the lower side length of the third section of the body net is 95.0% of the other side lengths of the third section of the body net.
Preferably, the inner net is additionally arranged on the body net from the first section, and the inner net and the outer net of the body net respectively adopt netting specifications with mesh sizes of 15mm and 200 mm.
The outer net and the inner net are more convenient to process and manufacture, the rotation use of the netting is facilitated, and the utilization rate of the netting is improved.
Preferably, the net is a polyethylene four-piece structure net.
The invention is characterized in that the head-on flow of the netting gear of four netting of the back net, the side net and the belly net with 1-3 sections of the front part of the netting gear net body is in an inverted regular trapezoid structure, the special structure and the gravity concentration configuration of the net opening part are utilized, the floating line and the sinking line of the lower line are not needed, and the truss rods provide buoyancy, namely, the horizontal expansion is kept. By means of centralized stress at the lower end point of the abdominal net 2 side and the natural generation of external tensile force and forward stretching force by means of gravity, the horizontal expansion of the lower net opening of the net and the net unfolding of the net body part are kept. The body net 4 sections are in four symmetrical structures, the outer net and the inner net respectively adopt netting with the same specification, so that the positions of the netting at each part of the netting can be conveniently changed according to the stress and abrasion of the netting in use, and the service life of the netting is prolonged.
The invention simplifies the netting structure and the processing technology of the netting gear, saves labor cost and improves the processing and manufacturing efficiency; the trawl net body net structure is optimized, and the net mouth self-expansion function is realized through centralized gravity configuration; the configuration method of the net floating and sinking force is changed, the structure of the upper and lower lines is simplified, and the expansion performance of the net is improved; the euphausia superba trawl can be always in a better working state, a working fishing gear can be provided for the euphausia superba pump suction continuous fishing operation, and the euphausia superba fishing efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a net clothing expansion diagram of an expanded euphausia superba truss rod trawl fishing gear;
fig. 2 is a front view of a net opening of an expanded euphausia superba boom trawl;
fig. 3 is a side view of the orifice of an expanded euphausia superba spar trawl.
The reference numerals and components referred to in the drawings are as follows:
1 is a cover net; 2 is a lateral wing net; 3 is a body net; 4 is a back net; 5 is a side net; 6 is abdominal net; 7 is a truss rod; 8 is a floating ball; 9 is a sideline; 10 is a sewing edge; 11 is sinking force.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to the attached drawings 1-3, the invention provides a gravity-expanded euphausia superba truss rod trawl fishing gear, which comprises a net, wherein the net comprises a truss rod 7, an upper border line, a lower border line, a side line, a cover net 1, a side wing net 2 and a body net 3, and is characterized in that the truss rod is 18-20 m long, the diameter of the truss rod is between 250 and 300mm, the truss rod enables a net opening to be expanded horizontally, the mesh size of the cover net and the mesh size of a net of the side wing net are both 200mm, and the cover net is composed of four regular triangular nets and a rectangular net; the body net is provided with ten sections, the head sides of net tools from the first section of the body net to the third section of the body net are of an inverted trapezoidal structure, the two waist lengths of the first section of the body net are equal to the upper length of the first section of the body net, the lower length of the first section of the body net is smaller than the upper length of the first section of the body net, the net clothes from the fourth section of the body net to the tenth section of the body net are of four symmetrical structures, and the head sides of the net clothes are of a square structure; the two sides of the abdominal net at the front end of the net opening of the body net are respectively provided with a sinking force 11, the weight of the sinking force is 2-3 tons, and the component force of the sinking force is transmitted through the side ropes 9 and the sewing edges 10, so that the lower edge ropes are in a stressed and tensioned state.
According to the invention, by changing the structure of the net plate trawl tool and the floating and sinking force configuration method, the influence of factors such as wind, wave, flow and trawl speed on the trawl operation easily caused by the operation environment is reduced, the poor stability of the trawl operation is improved, the configuration and the operation process of an operation system are simplified, the expansion of the net mouth of the net tool is stabilized, the sea sweeping area of the net mouth is ensured, the water filtering volume of the net tool is increased, the fishing operation efficiency is improved, and the requirement of the efficient fishing operation of the euphausia superba can be met. The invention adopts the method of intensively configuring the gravity at two connecting points of the net opening side net and the abdominal net, and utilizes the special structure of the net opening and the component force generated by the gravity to enable the abdominal part of the net opening to generate the left and right stretching force and the lateral part to generate the forward stretching force, thereby realizing the natural vertical expansion of the net opening. Compared with the otter board trawl, the connection between the ship nets can ensure the operation state of the trawl fishing gear only by configuring the single trawl, the truss rod, the floating ball 8 and the sinking force, and adding the head line, the side line, the foot line and the like, and the distance between the trawl fishing gear and the ship is relatively short, thereby being convenient for the quick operation of hauling and hauling the net and the quick adjustment of the net position.
Preferably, the net clothes of the regular triangle net adopt 1-1 cutting slope, and the net clothes of the side net adopt 3-13 cutting slope.
Preferably, the cover net is 8 meters in tensioning length, the total length of the cover net is 16 meters, each section of net body of the net is 8 meters in tensioning length, and the total length of the net is 80 meters.
Preferably, the body net comprises a back net 4, a side net 5 and an abdominal net 6, the cutting slopes of the back net and the side net are both 2-1, and the cutting slopes of the abdominal net in the length direction from the first section to the third section of the body net are 3-1, 3-1 and 3-1 respectively. The invention is characterized in that the flow-facing surfaces of four netting pieces of the back net, the side net and the belly net which are 1-3 sections of the front part of the net body of the net are in an inverted regular trapezoid structure, the special structure and the gravity concentration configuration of the net opening part are utilized, the floating line of the head line and the sinking line of the foot line are not needed, and the horizontal expansion can be kept by providing buoyancy through the truss rods.
Preferably, the net sheets from the fourth section of the net to the tenth section of the net are in a four-piece symmetrical structure, the head side of the net is in a square structure, and the cutting slopes of the net clothes from the fourth section of the net to the tenth section of the net are respectively 3-1, 4-1, 5-1 and 5-1.
Preferably, the net tightening circumference of the net opening part at the front end of the net is 248 meters, and the net tightening circumference of the net opening part at the tail end of the net is 44.8 meters.
Preferably, the widths of the waist length and the upper side length on both sides of the first section of the net are 320 meshes, the width of the lower side length of the first section of the net is 280 meshes and is 87.5% of the other side lengths of the first section of the net, the width of the lower side length of the second section of the net is 90.7% of the other side lengths of the second section of the net, and the width of the lower side length of the third section of the net is 95.0% of the other side lengths of the third section of the net.
Preferably, the inner net is added to the body net from the first section, and the inner net and the outer net of the body net adopt the specifications of netting with the mesh sizes of 15mm and 200mm respectively. The outer net and the inner net are more convenient to process and manufacture, the rotation use of the netting is facilitated, and the utilization rate of the netting is improved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and additions can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A gravity expansion type euphausia superba truss rod trawl fishing gear comprises a net, wherein the net comprises a truss rod, an upper border line, a lower border line, a side line, a cover net, a side net and a body net, and is characterized in that the truss rod is 18-20 m long, the diameter of the truss rod is between 250 and 300mm, the truss rod enables a net opening to horizontally expand, the mesh size of the cover net and the mesh size of a net of the side net are both 200mm, and the cover net is composed of four positive triangular nets and a rectangular net;
the body net is provided with ten sections, the head sides of net tools from the first section of the body net to the third section of the body net are of an inverted trapezoidal structure, the two waist lengths of the first section of the body net are equal to the upper length of the first section of the body net, the lower length of the first section of the body net is smaller than the upper length of the first section of the body net, the net clothes from the fourth section of the body net to the tenth section of the body net are of four symmetrical structures, and the head sides of the net clothes are of a square structure;
sinking forces are respectively arranged on two sides of the abdominal net at the front end of the net opening of the body net, the weight of the sinking forces is 2-3 tons, and the component forces of the sinking forces are transmitted through the side ropes and the sewing edges to enable the lower edge ropes to be in a stressed and tensioned state;
the body net comprises a back net, a side net and an abdominal net, wherein the cutting slopes of the back net and the side net are 2-1, the cutting slopes of the abdominal net along the length direction from the first section of the body net to the third section of the body net are 3-1, 3-1 and 3-1 respectively, the net sheets from the fourth section of the body net to the tenth section of the body net are of four symmetrical structures, and the cutting slopes of the net clothes from the fourth section of the body net to the tenth section of the body net are 3-1, 4-1, 5-1 and 5-1 respectively.
2. The gravity-expanded euphausia superba boom trawl fishing gear according to claim 1, wherein: the net clothes of the regular triangular net adopt a cutting slope of 1-1, and the net clothes of the flank net adopt a cutting slope of 3-13.
3. The gravity-expanded euphausia superba boom trawl fishing gear according to claim 1, wherein: the cover net is 8 meters in tensioning length, the cover net is 16 meters in total length, each section of net body and net cover of the net body are 8 meters in tensioning length, and the net body is 80 meters in total length.
4. The gravity-expanded euphausia superba boom trawl fishing gear according to claim 1, wherein: the taut perimeter of the net at the net opening part at the front end of the net is 248 meters, and the taut perimeter of the net at the net opening part at the tail end of the net is 44.8 meters.
5. The gravity-expanded euphausia superba boom trawl fishing gear according to claim 1, wherein: the width mesh of the waist length and the upper side length on two sides of the first section of the net are both 320 meshes, the width mesh of the lower side length of the first section of the net is 280 meshes and is 87.5 percent of the other side lengths of the first section of the net, the width mesh of the lower side length of the second section of the net is 90.7 percent of the other side lengths of the second section of the net, and the width mesh of the lower side length of the third section of the net is 95.0 percent of the other side lengths of the third section of the net.
6. The gravity-expanded euphausia superba boom trawl fishing gear according to claim 1, wherein: the body net is installed the intranet from first festival additional, the intranet with the outer net of body net adopts the mesh size to be 15mm and 200 mm's etting specification respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010503993.XA CN111903624B (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | Gravity expanding type euphausia superba truss rod trawl fishing gear |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010503993.XA CN111903624B (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | Gravity expanding type euphausia superba truss rod trawl fishing gear |
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| CN111903624A CN111903624A (en) | 2020-11-10 |
| CN111903624B true CN111903624B (en) | 2022-05-06 |
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1330236C (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2007-08-08 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Flexible horizontal expander for net |
| CN203152299U (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-08-28 | 獐子岛集团股份有限公司 | Rigid torsional spring type elastic-tooth scallop trawl net |
| CN103039407B (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2015-04-08 | 河北省海洋与水产科学研究院 | One-boat beam haul-bag single-sac bottom trawl for investigating and sampling marine demersal creatures |
| CN103988816B (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2016-03-30 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of krill trawlnet netting gear |
| KR101707936B1 (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-02-20 | 대한민국 | Angangmang fish net |
| CN210653572U (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-06-02 | 上海崇和船舶重工装备有限公司 | Truss rod support device of trawler |
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