CN111896845A - Power distribution network fault diagnosis method and system based on multi-source information fusion - Google Patents
Power distribution network fault diagnosis method and system based on multi-source information fusion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a power distribution network fault diagnosis method and system based on multi-source information fusion, which are characterized in that the operation of a fault judgment matrix is utilized to analyze a fault area, a Fortesque method is utilized to analyze analog quantity information of a power distribution network after a fault, phase selection conditions for various faults are generated, an optimization method based on a genetic algorithm is utilized to solve a target function fusing the analog quantity information and the digital quantity information, a geographic information system is utilized to construct a visual management platform of the power distribution network, the running state of each element of the power distribution network can be monitored in real time, and the power distribution network geographic information system utilizes the optimization algorithm to diagnose fault element information after the power distribution network has the fault; the method and the device can diagnose the fault elements in the power distribution network, and can display the operation information and the position information of the fault elements in the power distribution network in real time through the geographic information system. The speed and the precision of the fault diagnosis of the power distribution network are improved, and the method has important significance for maintaining the safety and the stability of the power distribution network.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of distribution network fault identification, in particular to a power distribution network fault diagnosis method and system based on multi-source information fusion.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The power distribution network has numerous devices and complex connection relations, after the power grid fails, the dispatching center receives massive alarm signals in a short time, and dispatching personnel need to analyze and process the massive alarm signals to determine the failed devices. Under the condition, a dispatcher needs to process massive alarm signals in a short time and accurately and quickly determine a fault element so as to timely process the fault element, reduce the influence on normal power supply of a power distribution network, and simultaneously achieve quick response and restore normal power supply of the power distribution network.
The inventor finds that a lot of massive alarm signals received by a dispatching center after a power distribution network has a fault are caused by disturbance in the power distribution network, analysis based on the alarm signals influences the accuracy of power distribution network fault diagnosis, and meanwhile, workers of the dispatching center are difficult to analyze the massive alarm signals in a short time, so that the fault diagnosis of the power distribution network cannot be performed quickly and accurately. Meanwhile, the research on the fault diagnosis of the power distribution network is relatively less, and long-time and large-scale faults are often caused after the power distribution network fails, so that the safety power supply is adversely affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The scheme of the invention can not only diagnose the fault element in the power distribution network, but also display the running Information and the position Information of the fault element in the power distribution network in real time through a Geographic Information System (GIS); the speed and the precision of the fault diagnosis of the power distribution network are improved, and the method has important significance for maintaining the safety and the stability of the power distribution network.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:
according to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion is provided, including:
acquiring a switch action alarm signal, and analyzing a fault area of the acquired alarm signal by utilizing fault judgment matrix operation;
analyzing analog quantity information after the power distribution network fault by using a Fortesue algorithm, generating phase selection conditions for different faults, and establishing a 0-1 criterion model when various faults occur according to fault criteria;
and constructing an objective function fusing analog quantity and digital quantity information, and carrying out optimization solution on the objective function by using an optimization method based on a genetic algorithm to obtain the failed element.
As possible implementation manners, a visual management platform of the power distribution network is constructed by utilizing a geographic information system, the operation states of all elements of the power distribution network are monitored in real time, and the information of the fault elements diagnosed after the power distribution network is in fault can be visually known and displayed through the visual management platform of the power distribution network, so that the fault diagnosis of a dispatching center is facilitated.
As some possible implementations, the fault determination matrix operation includes analysis of a topology of the power distribution network, a fault location determination operation of a switch adjacency matrix and a switch state diagonal matrix, and the fault location determination operation is used for identifying a fault diagnosis area.
As some possible implementation manners, the analysis of the fault area comprises the determination of a power failure area, the determination of related protection and switch sets in the area, the analysis of protection and switch action states and the analysis of a mutual action logic relationship between the protection and switch action states.
As possible implementation manners, a Fortesue algorithm is used as an analog quantity information processing manner after the power distribution network fails, and the Fortesue algorithm is used for enabling an asymmetric three-phase system to be equivalent to three mutually independent sequence components; and the phase selection conditions of various faults are established by analyzing the boundary conditions of various faults.
As some possible implementation modes, the 0-1 fault criterion based on the analog quantity information is obtained by clustering analysis of phase selection conditions of various faults; the desired state of the 0-1 fault criterion based on the analog information can be obtained by analyzing and logically operating the states of all the elements in the diagnostic region.
As some possible implementation manners, the optimization method based on the genetic algorithm carries out minimum optimization on the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the analog quantity information and the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the digital quantity information in the objective function so as to realize the diagnosis of the power distribution network fault.
As a further limitation, a 0-1 criterion of the analog quantity information and a difference value between an actual state and an expected state of the digital quantity information are selected to form an objective function of power distribution network fault diagnosis, and the objective function specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein, | αk－α* k(X) | is the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the kth alpha criterion, alphakFor the k < th > alpha criterionActual state of (a)* k(X) an expected state for the kth alpha criterion; beta | (B)l－β* l(X) | is the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the ith criterion, βlFor the actual state of the l criterion, beta* l(X) an expected state for the ith criterion; | gammam－γ* m(X) | is the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the mth gamma criterion, gammamFor the actual state of the m-th criterion, gamma* m(X) an expected state for the mth gamma criterion; non-viable cellsp－* p(X) | is the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the pth criterion,pfor the actual state of the p-th criterion,* p(X) is the desired state of the pth criterion. n isr、nc、nα、nβ、nβ、nγ、nRespectively showing the numbers of protection and switch, alpha, beta, gamma and criterion. The alpha criterion is a single-phase earth fault criterion, the beta criterion is a two-phase earth fault criterion, the gamma criterion is a two-phase short-circuit fault criterion, and the criterion is a three-phase short-circuit fault criterion.
As possible implementation manners, a visual management platform constructed based on a geographic information system analyzes and constructs a hierarchical structure through a network model and a topological structure of the power distribution network; then, according to the hierarchical topological structure of the power distribution network and the geographic distribution attributes of the power distribution network equipment, a GIS data model of the power distribution network is established, wherein GIS data of the power distribution network consists of space data and attribute data and is connected through identifiers; the GIS topological model of the power distribution network mainly comprises point, line and surface equipment; when topology analysis of the power distribution network is carried out, the equipment model abstracted into the surface class is analyzed through point class equipment and line class equipment; therefore, the topology analysis of the power distribution network mainly comprises the steps of analyzing point equipment and line equipment, placing the same type of equipment in the same layer, and superposing different layers to obtain a GIS topological graph of the power distribution network.
As a further limitation, longitude and latitude information needs to be added to alarm signals and analog quantity 0-1 criteria of each protection and switch in an objective function to form a GIS-based power distribution network visual management platform, which specifically comprises the following steps:
in the formula, x represents the longitude of the corresponding element, and y represents the latitude of the corresponding element.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a power distribution network fault diagnosis system based on multi-source information fusion, including:
a fault region analysis module configured to: acquiring a switch action alarm signal, and analyzing a fault area of the acquired alarm signal by utilizing fault judgment matrix operation;
a fault phase selection module configured to: analyzing analog quantity information after the power distribution network fault by using a Fortesue algorithm, generating phase selection conditions for different faults, and establishing a 0-1 criterion model when various faults occur according to fault criteria;
an optimization solution module configured to: and constructing an objective function fusing analog quantity and digital quantity information, and carrying out optimization solution on the objective function by using an optimization method based on a genetic algorithm to obtain the failed element.
As some possible implementations, the fault diagnosis system further includes:
a visualization module configured to: the visual management platform of the power distribution network is constructed by utilizing the geographic information system, the running states of all elements of the power distribution network can be monitored in real time, and the information and the positions of the elements with faults can be visually known and displayed by utilizing the fault element information diagnosed by the optimization algorithm after the power distribution network has faults, so that the fault diagnosis of a dispatching center is facilitated.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the memory, where the processor executes the program to implement the above-mentioned power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion.
According to a fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a management platform is provided, which includes a power grid topology database, distribution network GIS data, and a program for displaying the operation state of each element according to the operation result of a processor, and the above-mentioned power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion is implemented when the program for displaying the operation state of each element is operated according to the result of the processor.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
(1) according to the scheme, the fault phase selection can be carried out after the power distribution network fails, meanwhile, the power failure area caused by the fault can be preliminarily judged, the fault diagnosis range is reduced, and the accurate positioning of a fault element is realized. The speed and the accuracy of power distribution network fault diagnosis are improved, and the power quality and the power supply stability of the power distribution network are improved.
(2) According to the scheme, the fault diagnosis of the power distribution network can be automatically carried out after the power distribution network fails, the state and position information of the fault element of the power distribution network can be visually displayed, and the problems that the power distribution network fault diagnosis accuracy is low and the speed is too low are solved.
(3) According to the scheme, analog quantity information after the power distribution network fault is analyzed by a Fortesue method, phase selection conditions for various faults are generated, and a 0-1 criterion model when various faults occur is established according to fault criteria. Firstly, analyzing boundary conditions when various faults occur through the relationship between measurable current at a bus and immeasurable current at a fault point, and defining a fault judgment standard; then, performing cluster analysis on the judgment standards of various faults, and establishing a 0-1 digital quantity criterion model for diagnosing various faults; and then, after the power distribution network fails, the dispatching center analyzes the acquired bus current data and generates corresponding digital quantity information according to a 0-1 fault criterion model. The method for analyzing the analog quantity information through the Fortesue method can be suitable for the fault diagnosis problem of the power distribution network with the distributed power supply, the application range of the method for diagnosing the fault of the power distribution network is enlarged, and meanwhile the accuracy of the fault diagnosis is improved.
(4) According to the scheme, an optimization method based on a genetic algorithm is used for carrying out optimization solution on an objective function fusing analog quantity and digital quantity information, and firstly, the obtained digital quantity information and a 0-1 criterion are used as an initialization population; then, calculating a fitness value, selecting operation, cross operation, mutation operation and other processes in sequence; and finally, outputting the optimal solution after corresponding conditions are met.
(5) According to the scheme, the power distribution network visual management platform can monitor the daily running state of the power distribution network, and can visually display the state and position of a corresponding fault element according to a diagnosis result in time after the power distribution network fault. Firstly, establishing a GIS (geographic information System) topological model of a power distribution network in a layered form according to the topological structure of the power distribution network and the properties of each device; then, a set of elements in the diagnosis area with the geographical position information can be obtained according to the platform; and then, acquiring the optimal value of the power distribution network fault diagnosis which is optimally solved, and displaying detailed information on a visual management platform. The fault element can be conveniently and quickly processed in time. The method has important theoretical and practical significance for solving the problem of insufficient monitoring capability of the power distribution network and improving the power supply reliability and safety of the power distribution network.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion in the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a composite grid sequence diagram when a line a phase-to-ground short circuit fault occurs in the power distribution network including the distributed power source according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of information about a topology of a power distribution network and related fault components thereof according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of positioning a fault element by the power distribution network GIS visualization management platform according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment aims to provide a power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion.
As shown in fig. 1, a flowchart of a power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion according to the present disclosure is shown, where the method includes:
acquiring a switch action alarm signal, and analyzing a fault area of the acquired alarm signal by utilizing fault judgment matrix operation;
analyzing analog quantity information after the power distribution network fault by using a Fortesue algorithm, generating phase selection conditions for different faults, and establishing a 0-1 criterion model when various faults occur according to fault criteria;
and constructing an objective function fusing analog quantity and digital quantity information, and carrying out optimization solution on the objective function by using an optimization method based on a genetic algorithm to obtain the failed element.
As possible implementation manners, a visual management platform of the power distribution network is constructed by utilizing a geographic information system, the operation states of all elements of the power distribution network are monitored in real time, and the information of the fault elements diagnosed after the power distribution network is in fault can be visually known and displayed through the visual management platform of the power distribution network, so that the fault diagnosis of a dispatching center is facilitated.
As some possible implementations, the fault determination matrix operation includes analysis of a topology of the power distribution network, a fault location determination operation of a switch adjacency matrix and a switch state diagonal matrix, and the fault location determination operation is used for identifying a fault diagnosis area.
As some possible implementation manners, the analysis of the fault area comprises the determination of a power failure area, the determination of related protection and switch sets in the area, the analysis of protection and switch action states and the analysis of a mutual action logic relationship between the protection and switch action states.
As possible implementation manners, a Fortesue algorithm is used as an analog quantity information processing manner after the power distribution network fails, and the Fortesue algorithm is used for enabling an asymmetric three-phase system to be equivalent to three mutually independent sequence components; and the phase selection conditions of various faults are established by analyzing the boundary conditions of various faults.
As some possible implementation modes, the 0-1 fault criterion based on the analog quantity information is obtained by clustering analysis of phase selection conditions of various faults; the desired state of the 0-1 fault criterion based on the analog information can be obtained by analyzing and logically operating the states of all the elements in the diagnostic region.
As some possible implementation manners, the optimization method based on the genetic algorithm carries out minimum optimization on the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the analog quantity information and the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the digital quantity information in the objective function so as to realize the diagnosis of the power distribution network fault.
As a further limitation, a 0-1 criterion of the analog quantity information and a difference value between an actual state and an expected state of the digital quantity information are selected to form an objective function of power distribution network fault diagnosis, and the objective function specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein, | αk－α* k(X) | is the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the kth alpha criterion, alphakFor the actual state of the k-th alpha criterion, alpha* k(X) an expected state for the kth alpha criterion; beta | (B)l－β* l(X) | is the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the ith criterion, βlFor the actual state of the l criterion, beta* l(X) an expected state for the ith criterion; | gammam－γ* m(X) | is the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the mth gamma criterion, gammamFor the actual state of the m-th criterion, gamma* m(X) an expected state for the mth gamma criterion; non-viable cellsp－* p(X) | is the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the pth criterion,pfor the actual state of the p-th criterion,* p(X) is the desired state of the pth criterion. n isr、nc、nα、nβ、nβ、nγ、nRespectively showing the numbers of protection and switch, alpha, beta, gamma and criterion. The alpha criterion is a single-phase earth fault criterion, the beta criterion is a two-phase earth fault criterion, the gamma criterion is a two-phase short-circuit fault criterion, and the criterion is a three-phase short-circuit fault criterion.
As possible implementation manners, a visual management platform constructed based on a geographic information system analyzes and constructs a hierarchical structure through a network model and a topological structure of the power distribution network; then, according to the hierarchical topological structure of the power distribution network and the geographic distribution attributes of the power distribution network equipment, a GIS data model of the power distribution network is established, wherein GIS data of the power distribution network consists of space data and attribute data and is connected through identifiers; the GIS topological model of the power distribution network mainly comprises point, line and surface equipment; when topology analysis of the power distribution network is carried out, the equipment model abstracted into the surface class is analyzed through point class equipment and line class equipment; therefore, the topology analysis of the power distribution network mainly comprises the steps of analyzing point equipment and line equipment, placing the same type of equipment in the same layer, and superposing different layers to obtain a GIS topological graph of the power distribution network.
As a further limitation, longitude and latitude information needs to be added to alarm signals and analog quantity 0-1 criteria of each protection and switch in an objective function to form a GIS-based power distribution network visual management platform, which specifically comprises the following steps:
in the formula, x represents the longitude of the corresponding element, and y represents the latitude of the corresponding element.
Specifically, the power distribution network realizes functions such as data acquisition, equipment Control, measurement parameter adjustment And the like through a data acquisition And monitoring System (SCADA), And a power distribution switch monitoring Terminal (FTU) is an important component of the power distribution network And can realize acquisition of switch operation state information.
The operation based on the fault determination matrix comprises analysis and simplification of a power distribution network topological structure, analysis of a switch operation state, determination analysis of a fault element and the like.
Due to numerous distribution network equipment and complex structure, after a fault, a dispatching center often receives a large amount of alarm information, and the information often contains wrong or interfering alarm signals, which brings difficulty to the fault diagnosis of dispatching personnel. Table 1 is an example of a simple received alarm signal after a power distribution network fault:
TABLE 1 received alerts
Because the distribution network is mostly tree-like structure and open loop operation, be fit for adopting topological structure to carry out the analysis. Meanwhile, after the operation mode of the power distribution network is changed, the topological structure of the power distribution network cannot be changed. The topological analysis of the power distribution network determines the connection relation of the electrical equipment in the power distribution network model according to the breadth-first search algorithm, then the topological connection analysis is carried out according to the connection relation of the power supply node and the switch node, and the power distribution network is simplified into a structure consisting of points and lines.
For the location of the faulty section, the correlation between the switches influencesThe switching of the lines and the distribution network can be described in the form of a matrix. The running state of each switch in the power distribution network can be automatically acquired through SCADA, and simultaneously, the geographical position information of each switch can be acquired according to a GIS power distribution network diagram and is represented by a matrix C. Numbering the switches in the power distribution network according to a certain sequence, and setting C as [ C ]1(xc1,yc1),c2(xc2,yc2),c3(xc3,yc3),…,cn(xcn,ycn)]TIn the formula ci(xci,yci) (i-1, 2, …, n) represents the state of the ith switch, and xciIndicating latitude information of the switch, yciLongitude information of the switch is indicated. c. Ci(xci,yci) 1, denotes that the ith switch is closed; c. Ci(xci,yci) 0, indicates that the ith switch is off.
When the switch adjacency matrix of the power distribution network having the non-branching structure is D, the matrix P' including the failure determination information is D × diag (c). Although P' already contains the failure determination information, the failure determination is slightly more complicated, so that the matrix needs to be further simplified to
And finally obtaining the position information of the fault point. Determination of the location of a fault can be achieved by means of a fault determination matrix P, e.g. P56＝p 651 indicates that a fault has occurred in the switch c5(xc5,yc5) And c6(xc6,yc6) In the meantime.
A failure diagnosis method of a power distribution network with distributed power supplies based on Fortesue. And establishing a model criterion according to a phase selection function of the power distribution network realized by the analog quantity information, and integrating the model criterion into an analysis model to construct a new objective function. The method is used for solving the problem of fault diagnosis of the power distribution network with the distributed power supply so as to improve the redundancy of the fault diagnosis method for system faults. The main idea is to consider the operation mode of the distributed power supply when analyzing the fault characteristics by using a Fortesue method. Firstly, the relation between measurable current and immeasurable current of fault points in a distributed power supply grid-connected mode or a passive mode is established. Then, the Fortesue method is used for deducing fault characteristics from the positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence components of the measurable current and establishing a related 0-1 judgment model according to established fault judgment standards.
By analyzing the A-phase grounding fault (AG fault) of the power distribution network containing the distributed power supply in the graph 2, the relation between the measurable current and the immeasurable current can be obtained by analyzing the measurable current at the bus and the immeasurable current at the fault point. The corresponding relation between measurable current and unmeasured current when other faults occur can be similarly obtained. For simplicity, it is assumed that the load current is ignored and the phases of the positive-sequence, negative-sequence and zero-sequence impedances are equal.
In case of an AG fault, the three-sequence current components of the fault point phase a are equal, i.e.
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
by using the superposition theorem, the positive sequence network can be divided into two cases: one case is that the supply is made only by a voltage source and the current distribution can be calculated by the normal power flow. Another situation is to supply only the faulty current source. The current distribution calculation is the same as that of the negative and zero sequence networks. The positive sequence current on the front bus I is
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the three-phase current and the zero-sequence current at the position of the front bus I are
As most faults occurring in the power distribution network are asymmetric faults, for the convenience of analysis, the Fortescue transformation is used for enabling an asymmetric three-phase system to be equivalent to three mutually independent sequence components, namely a positive sequence component, a negative sequence component and a zero sequence component. Each fault type is distinguished according to the load or power mode of operation of the distributed power supply. Table 2 shows that different short-circuit faults can be distinguished by the amplitude and phase of the sequence components. Three variables are defined for fault classification:
TABLE 2
Relation to fault type
Short-circuit faults can be classified by the following principles:
IA0I0 and IA2I0, therefore IA2I/IA1I0 and IA0I/IA1I0 corresponds to a three-phase short-circuit fault,
IA0I0 and IA2I>0, therefore IA2I/IA1I>0 and IA0I/IA1I0 corresponds to a phase-to-phase fault,
IA0I>0 and IA2I>0, therefore IA2I/IA1I>0 and IA0I/IA1I>0 corresponds to other faults.
Step 2. if the two-phase fault is detected, the fault can be determined according to the table 2
And determining the fault phase.
Step 3. can be according to
Further distinguishing between different fault phases.
Based on the above analysis, respectively
IA2I/IA1IAnd IA0I/IA1IThe 0-1 criterion model.
(1) Criterion model based on single-phase earth fault of line
When a single-phase earth fault occurs, the measurable current component is determined according to the fault
And
the phase relation of the model is established into a 0-1 criterion model which is expressed by alpha
(2) Criterion model based on two-phase earth fault of line
When two-phase earth fault occurs, the measurable current component according to the fault
And
the phase relation of the model is established as a 0-1 criterion model which is expressed by beta
(3) Criterion model based on two-phase short circuit fault of line
When two-phase short-circuit fault occurs, the measurable current component I is determined according to the faultA0I、IA1IAnd IA2IEstablishing a 0-1 criterion model by using the amplitude relation, and expressing the model by gamma
(4) Criterion model based on three-phase short-circuit fault of line
When three-phase short-circuit fault occurs, according to measurable current component I of faultA0I、IA1IAnd IA2IEstablishing a 0-1 criterion model by representing the amplitude relation
Selecting a 0-1 criterion of analog quantity information and a difference value between an actual state and an expected state of digital quantity information to form a target function of power distribution network fault diagnosis, which specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) optimizing and solving the objective function fusing the analog quantity information and the digital quantity information by using an optimization method based on a genetic algorithm, and diagnosing the element with the fault. At present, genetic algorithms are applied to 0-1 optimization problems and integer programming problems, and are one of algorithms for solving the optimization problems and are mature.
The main steps of the genetic algorithm are as follows:
step 1: and taking the received action alarm signals of the protection and the switch as an initial population.
Step 2: fitness of each individual was evaluated.
And step 3: and adopting selection operation according to the fitness value of the individual.
And 4, step 4: and adopting cross operation on individuals according to the cross probability.
And 5: and (5) carrying out mutation operation on individuals according to the mutation probability.
Step 6: and judging whether the algorithm converges. If yes, outputting the result, otherwise, returning to the step 2.
The power distribution network visual management platform constructed based on the geographic information system comprises a power distribution network topology database, power distribution network GIS data and an interface program for displaying the running state of each element according to the operation result of a processor. And establishing a power distribution network diagram according to the specifications of the geographic information system to realize topology analysis of the power distribution network. The geographic information system is built according to a hierarchical structure, and the devices with the same property are placed in the same layer by performing hierarchical division on the different properties of the devices. In a distribution network geographic information system, the distribution network geographic information system can be divided into different levels such as transformers, switches, power cables, overhead lines, transformer substations, electric equipment and the like according to different properties of the equipment. The different layers in the system are superposed to form the distribution network geographical graph.
The superposition analysis of different devices is carried out, at least two layers in the same area are superposed according to the same scale, and a layer space with two or more attributes can be formed after superposition, so that the incidence relation and the spatial position among the devices can be determined, and a management platform is provided for the power distribution network. The layered superposition of the device relates to the mutual superposition of the layers of points, lines and faces, and points, points and lines, points and faces, lines and lines, lines and faces. The topological structure of the power distribution network is formed through various different superposition relations.
And establishing a GIS data model of the power distribution network according to the hierarchical topological structure of the power distribution network and the geographic distribution attribute of the power distribution network equipment, so as to realize fault diagnosis analysis and daily management of the power distribution network. The management operation of the power distribution network is simplified, and the running state of the power distribution network can be displayed more visually. GIS data of a power distribution network are composed of two parts, spatial data and attribute data, and are connected via an identifier.
(1) Spatial data
The spatial data may represent positional information of electrical equipment such as switches, transformers, power cables, overhead lines, substations and electrical loads. The spatial data of the power distribution network devices are abstracted into points, lines and planes for representation through previous analysis, and the data storage form of various devices in the GIS power distribution network is described below.
a. Point type equipment model: the point equipment comprises equipment such as a transformer and a switch, the switch has a key effect on the operation of the power distribution network, and the operation mode of the power distribution network can be changed by the action of the switch. According to the characteristics of the point class equipment, defining a point class equipment model formula as follows:
P＝{ID，Code，Type，State，Coordinate，Other}
wherein, ID represents the unique identifier of the point device; the Code represents a point class Code of the point class equipment in the power system; type represents the Type of point Type device; state is expressed as the current State, action or non-action of the point equipment; coordinate represents the geographical position coordinates of the point equipment; other represents point-class device-related management information.
b. Line equipment model: the line equipment comprises power cables, overhead lines and other equipment, the line equipment has important significance for power supply of the equipment of the power distribution network, and the line equipment comprises point equipment. According to the characteristics of the line equipment, a line equipment model formula is defined as follows:
L＝{ID，Code，Type，State，N1，N2，Coon,Other}
wherein, ID represents the unique identifier of the line equipment; the Code represents a line Code of the line equipment in the power system; type represents the Type of line Type equipment; state represents the current State of the line equipment, and is conducted or not conducted; n is a radical of1、N2Representing the starting point and the end point of the line equipment; the Coon represents the topological connection relation of the line equipment; other represents management information related to the line-type device.
c. The surface equipment model is as follows: the surface equipment comprises equipment such as power loads, transformer substations and the like and street distribution conditions of cities, the surface equipment can meet the requirement of carrying out grid management on the power distribution network, and the surface equipment comprises point equipment and line equipment. According to the characteristics of the surface equipment, defining a surface equipment model formula as follows:
E＝{ID，Code，Type，State，Boun，Coon,Other}
wherein, ID represents the unique identifier of the surface device; the Code represents a face Code of the face equipment in the power system; type represents the Type of surface equipment; state represents the current State, normal work and abnormal work of the surface equipment; boun represents the outer boundary of the surface device; the Coon represents the topological connection relation of the surface equipment; other represents the management information related to the face equipment.
The GIS topological model of the power distribution network mainly comprises point, line and surface equipment. When the topology analysis of the power distribution network is carried out, the equipment model abstracted into the surface class is analyzed through the point class equipment and the line class equipment. Therefore, the topology analysis of the power distribution network mainly analyzes the point equipment and the line equipment, places the same type of equipment in the same layer, and superposes different layers to obtain a GIS topological graph of the power distribution network.
Because the distribution network equipment is numerous, if all the equipment of the distribution network is searched, the operation efficiency of the system can be influenced, and because the operation state of the line equipment can be reflected by the point equipment, the operation state of the point equipment only needs to be traversed. For a line, if the starting end point and the end point of the line are in a live operating state, the line is also in the live operating state; if at least one of the first end point and the last end point of the line is in a power failure state, the line is also in the power failure state. Therefore, the traversal time of system equipment is greatly shortened, and the efficiency of the fault diagnosis system is improved. Therefore, the essence of the GIS topology analysis of the power distribution network is the analysis of the distribution network point-class devices, and the point-class devices in the power distribution network generally include 4 classes: power supply contacts, switch nodes, transformer contacts, and nodes.
The power distribution network fault diagnosis analysis model converts the fault diagnosis problem into a mathematical optimization problem by analytically expressing the action expectation of the protection, switch and analog quantity 0-1 criterion and calculating the difference between the action expectation and the actual protection, switch and analog quantity 0-1 criterion. Since the action signals of the protection and the switch are 0-1 logic action signals, the mathematical optimization problem is also the 0-1 integer programming problem. As a further limitation, longitude and latitude information needs to be added to alarm signals and analog quantity 0-1 criteria of each protection and switch in an objective function to form a GIS-based power distribution network visual management platform, which specifically comprises the following steps:
in the formula, x represents the longitude of the corresponding element, and y represents the latitude of the corresponding element.
And sending the result diagnosed by the analytical model into a GIS database, and highlighting the running state information and the geographical position information of the fault element in a GIS diagram of the power distribution network.
Case analysis:
the proposed method is illustrated by setting a fault, for example, in a distribution network fault occurring in a certain area, as shown in fig. 3, a single-phase ground short-circuit fault is set at elements Y7 and Y10. The alarm signals received after the occurrence of the fault are shown in table 1. From the failure decision matrix, it can be determined that there are two failure regions, as shown in fig. 3. The failure zone has 6 elements: l4, L6, Y7, Y8, Y9, Y10. 6 switches QF4, QF12, QF13, QF14, QF15 and QF 16. The codes of the elements and switches in the failure region are shown in tables 3 and 4, respectively.
TABLE 3 element coding
TABLE 4 switch code
TABLE 5 protection number and actual and expected status of each device alarm
The actual failures that occur are: when the element Y7 and the element Y10 simultaneously have faults, the main protection of Y7 refuses to operate, and meanwhile, the near backup protection alarm signal of Y7 is not reported; switch QS16 of Y10 denies motion.
The coding of the protection in the fault area and the correspondence of the elements, protection, switches and the analog 0-1 criterion as well as the actual and expected states are shown in table 5.
The elements obtained by solving the results by genetic algorithms are: 100100, it was thus obtained that element Y7 and element Y10 failed simultaneously. And simultaneously obtaining the following results according to the solving result: main protection rejection of the element Y7 and switch QF16 rejection of the element Y10; near back-up protection r of element Y721The alarm signal of (2) is not reported. The faulty element is shown on the GIS distribution network diagram as marked in red, as shown in figure 4. The diagnosis result of the fault is consistent with the set actual fault condition, so that the fault can be diagnosed quickly and accurately, and the action state and the position information of the fault element can be displayed in real time. The power supply safety and reliability of the power distribution network are greatly improved.
Example two:
the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a distribution network fault diagnosis system based on multisource information fusion.
Distribution network fault diagnosis system based on multisource information fusion includes:
a fault region analysis module configured to: acquiring a switch action alarm signal, and analyzing a fault area of the acquired alarm signal by utilizing fault judgment matrix operation;
a fault phase selection module configured to: analyzing analog quantity information after the power distribution network fault by using a Fortesue algorithm, generating phase selection conditions for different faults, and establishing a 0-1 criterion model when various faults occur according to fault criteria;
an optimization solution module configured to: and constructing an objective function fusing analog quantity and digital quantity information, and carrying out optimization solution on the objective function by using an optimization method based on a genetic algorithm to obtain the failed element.
As some possible implementations, the fault diagnosis system further includes:
a visualization module configured to: the visual management platform of the power distribution network is constructed by utilizing the geographic information system, the running states of all elements of the power distribution network can be monitored in real time, and the information and the positions of the elements with faults can be visually known and displayed by utilizing the fault element information diagnosed by the optimization algorithm after the power distribution network has faults, so that the fault diagnosis of a dispatching center is facilitated.
Example three:
the embodiment aims at providing an electronic device.
An electronic device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the memory, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a switch action alarm signal, and analyzing a fault area of the acquired alarm signal by utilizing fault judgment matrix operation;
analyzing analog quantity information after the power distribution network fault by using a Fortesue algorithm, generating phase selection conditions for different faults, and establishing a 0-1 criterion model when various faults occur according to fault criteria;
and constructing an objective function fusing analog quantity and digital quantity information, and carrying out optimization solution on the objective function by using an optimization method based on a genetic algorithm to obtain the failed element.
Example four:
the embodiment aims to provide a management platform.
A management platform comprises a power grid topology database, power distribution network GIS data and a program for displaying the running state of each element according to the operation result of a processor, wherein the power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion is realized when the program for displaying the running state of each element is operated according to the result of the processor, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a switch action alarm signal, and analyzing a fault area of the acquired alarm signal by utilizing fault judgment matrix operation;
analyzing analog quantity information after the power distribution network fault by using a Fortesue algorithm, generating phase selection conditions for different faults, and establishing a 0-1 criterion model when various faults occur according to fault criteria;
and constructing an objective function fusing analog quantity and digital quantity information, and carrying out optimization solution on the objective function by using an optimization method based on a genetic algorithm to obtain the failed element.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a switch action alarm signal, and analyzing a fault area of the acquired alarm signal by utilizing fault judgment matrix operation;
analyzing analog quantity information after the power distribution network fault by using a Fortesue algorithm, generating phase selection conditions for different faults, and establishing a 0-1 criterion model when various faults occur according to fault criteria;
and constructing an objective function fusing analog quantity and digital quantity information, and carrying out optimization solution on the objective function by using an optimization method based on a genetic algorithm to obtain the failed element.
2. The power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion of claim 1, wherein a geographic information system is used for constructing a visual management platform of the power distribution network, the operation states of all elements of the power distribution network are monitored in real time, and the information of the diagnosed fault elements after the power distribution network has faults can be visually known and displayed through the visual management platform of the power distribution network, so that fault diagnosis of a dispatching center is facilitated.
3. The power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion of claim 1, wherein the fault determination matrix operation comprises a fault location determination operation of analysis of a power distribution network topological structure, a switch adjacency matrix and a switch state diagonal matrix, and the fault location determination operation is used for identifying a fault diagnosis area; the fault area analysis comprises the determination of a power failure area, the determination of a related protection and switch set in the area, the analysis of protection and switch action states and the analysis of a mutual action logic relationship between the protection and switch action states.
4. The power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion of claim 1, wherein the Fortescue method is used as an analog quantity information processing tool after the power distribution network has a fault, and is used for enabling an asymmetric three-phase system to be equivalent to three mutually independent sequence components, and establishing phase selection conditions of various faults by analyzing boundary conditions of various faults.
5. The power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion of claim 1, wherein the 0-1 fault criterion based on analog quantity information is obtained by clustering analysis of phase selection conditions of various faults, and the expected state of the 0-1 fault criterion based on analog quantity information can be obtained by analyzing and logically operating the states of all elements in a diagnosis area.
6. The power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion of claim 1, wherein the optimization method based on the genetic algorithm is used for realizing the diagnosis of the power distribution network fault by performing minimum optimization on the 0-1 criterion of the analog quantity information and the difference value between the actual state and the expected state of the digital quantity information in the objective function.
7. The power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion of claim 5, wherein a 0-1 criterion of analog quantity information and a difference value between an actual state and an expected state of digital quantity information are selected to form an objective function of power distribution network fault diagnosis, and specifically:
wherein, | αk－α* k(X) | is the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the kth alpha criterion, alphakFor the actual state of the k-th alpha criterion, alpha* k(X) an expected state for the kth alpha criterion; beta | (B)l－β* l(X) | is the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the ith criterion, βlFor the actual state of the l criterion, beta* l(X) an expected state for the ith criterion; | gammam－γ* m(X) | is the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the mth gamma criterion, gammamFor the actual state of the m-th criterion, gamma* m(X) period of m-th gamma criterionInspecting the state; non-viable cellsp－* p(X) | is the difference between the actual state and the expected state of the pth criterion,pfor the actual state of the p-th criterion,* p(X) the desired state for the pth criterion; n isr、nc、nα、nβ、nβ、nγ、nRespectively representing the numbers of the protection and switch, alpha, beta, gamma and criterion; the alpha criterion is a single-phase earth fault criterion, the beta criterion is a two-phase earth fault criterion, the gamma criterion is a two-phase short-circuit fault criterion, and the criterion is a three-phase short-circuit fault criterion.
8. Distribution network fault diagnosis system based on multisource information fusion, its characterized in that includes:
a fault region analysis module configured to: acquiring a switch action alarm signal, and analyzing a fault area of the acquired alarm signal by utilizing fault judgment matrix operation;
a fault phase selection module configured to: analyzing analog quantity information after the power distribution network fault by using a Fortesue algorithm, generating phase selection conditions for different faults, and establishing a 0-1 criterion model when various faults occur according to fault criteria;
an optimization solution module configured to: and constructing an objective function fusing analog quantity and digital quantity information, and carrying out optimization solution on the objective function by using an optimization method based on a genetic algorithm to obtain the failed element.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory for execution, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method for diagnosing the fault of the power distribution network based on the fusion of the multi-source information according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A management platform comprises a power grid topology database, power distribution network GIS data and a program for displaying the running state of each element according to the operation result of a processor, and is characterized in that the power distribution network fault diagnosis method based on multi-source information fusion in any one of claims 1 to 7 is realized when the program for displaying the running state of each element is operated according to the result of the processor.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113325267A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-31 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司 | Power distribution network fault diagnosis system and method and computer program product |
| CN113346618A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-03 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司滨海县供电分公司 | Monitoring method and device for power distribution system |
| CN113689308A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Power supply system-level fault diagnosis based on dynamic fuzzy network and multi-source information fusion |
| CN114676266A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-28 | 建信金融科技有限责任公司 | Conflict identification method, device, equipment and medium based on multilayer relation graph |
| CN116914921A (en) * | 2023-06-16 | 2023-10-20 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司南京供电分公司 | Power grid running state determining method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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2020
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113325267A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-31 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司 | Power distribution network fault diagnosis system and method and computer program product |
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| CN113346618B (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2023-12-19 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司滨海县供电分公司 | Monitoring method and device for power distribution system |
| CN113689308A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Power supply system-level fault diagnosis based on dynamic fuzzy network and multi-source information fusion |
| CN114676266A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-28 | 建信金融科技有限责任公司 | Conflict identification method, device, equipment and medium based on multilayer relation graph |
| CN114676266B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2024-02-27 | 建信金融科技有限责任公司 | Conflict identification method, device, equipment and medium based on multi-layer relation graph |
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