CN111882927A - 1090ES link ADS-B technology-based command operation management system and method - Google Patents
1090ES link ADS-B technology-based command operation management system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a command operation management system and method based on 1090ES link ADS-B technique, the system includes: the data receiver is used for receiving 1090MHz ADS-B message information; a data storage module; the system processor is used for decoding the message information; performing correlation processing on the electronic map, the terminal area navigation map information of the airport and the decoded message information to obtain real-time information of the target aircraft; according to the real-time information of the target aircraft, the user application configuration parameters and the alarm logic, providing early warning for the target aircraft running in a preset approaching range, prejudging whether the target aircraft in a preset altitude layer change application range has altitude layer change capability or not, and generating enhanced situation information of air-ground cooperation; the human-computer interaction module is used for displaying the enhanced situation information of the air-ground cooperation, the early warning result of the approach operation and the pre-judgment result of the changing capability of the height layer; and a communication module. The invention can establish the common instant situational awareness of ground supervisors and pilots in the running process of the aircraft, is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of a high-density airspace, improving the flight efficiency and ensuring the flight safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air traffic service, in particular to a command operation management system and method based on 1090ES link ADS-B technology.
Background
ADS-B, broadcast auto-correlation monitoring, automatically obtains information from the relevant onboard equipment and broadcasts information such as the aircraft's position, altitude, speed, and aircraft identification to other aircraft and ground stations without manual manipulation or interrogation. The air-condition monitoring system comprises an ADS-B OUT function and an ADS-B IN function, wherein the ADS-B OUT function is mainly used for realizing effective air monitoring of an aircraft, and the ADS-BIN is high-level application of the ADS-B and can enhance the situational awareness of surrounding traffic of a unit.
There are three data chains available worldwide for ADS-B to choose from, i.e., 1090ES (1090 MHz extended text), UAT (Universal Access Transceiver), VDL-4 (mode 4 very high frequency data chain). China civil aviation definitely adopts ADS-B technology of 1090ES link, and requires all domestic transport airplanes to forcibly install ADS-B OUT airborne equipment of 1090 link, and the 1090ES link is also the main link applied to ADS-B in most countries and regions in the world.
With the rapid development of the civil aviation transportation industry, the aviation flow is increasing greatly. Higher requirements are provided for airspace resource utilization, flight safety and operation efficiency. ADS-B is the future major surveillance technology identified by the International civil aviation organization ICAO. The ADS-B IN is used as the advanced application of the ADS-B, can obviously improve the flight safety and improve the airspace operation efficiency, and is a key technology for realizing the modernization of an air transportation system. The realization of the ADS-B IN function requires that the aircraft must be equipped with airborne equipment with the ADS-B IN function. By means of the functions of the ADS-B IN airborne equipment, the sensing capability of the unit on the surrounding traffic situation IN the flight process is enhanced, and the optimal operation effect of each flight stage can be achieved IN each stage of flight operation, such as cruising, approach landing, gliding and the like.
Currently, IN developed countries IN europe and america, the relatively mature search for the application of ADS-B IN functionality IN various phases of flight operations is for CAVS (CDTI assisted visual interval approach) and ITP (flight level change procedure).
CAVS refers to the use of the CDTI auxiliary unit to acquire and maintain visual contact with the lead aircraft or designate other aircraft during the approach phase. This application allows the pilot to maintain local separation from the lead aircraft using the information provided by the CDTI instead of extra-cabin vision when the extra-cabin vision information is briefly lost.
The ITP means that a unit achieves a desired flight level by performing a climb or descent maneuver operation to change the level on the premise that the acquired information of an aircraft equipped with suitable equipment meets the ITP start standard, and the application enables the aircraft to fly more on an optimal level or a downwind level, and simultaneously, can avoid a high-density flight or a level with unstable airflow.
In prior patents, in the context of on-board equipment, the invention patent application No. 201810756542.X discloses a system and method for cabin traffic information display (CDTI) assisted visual separation using a vertical position display, the system and method provided presenting additional relevant visual approach information, such as the vertical distance between the own vehicle and a target aircraft, the rate of descent of the own vehicle and the target aircraft, on a lateral display and using a vertical position display (VSD), and generating an alert based on a comparison of the determined distance between the own vehicle and a selected other vehicle and a user selected range distance. The invention patent application No. 201310123259.0 discloses an aircraft cockpit display system and method for rendering for use in an trajectory program (ITP) that provides a symbology on the cockpit display that is relevant to the execution of the ITP and a method for performing ITP that predicts reduced fuel consumption by analyzing the data.
In the above patents, the CAVS and ITP applications are mainly focused on the onboard side, and the pilot can enhance his own perception of visual approach information and execute the ITP program for improving fuel consumption by means of the effects brought by the above patents. However, the improvement of flight safety and operation efficiency is a combined air-ground process, and the interval maintenance and orderly operation of the aircraft in the flight phase are both the result of effective communication and cooperation between the pilot and the ground controller. In a specific flight scene, if the achievements of the above patents are directly adopted, the application of the CAVS and the ITP is mainly concentrated on an airborne end, ground controllers lack means for prejudging that the aircraft has altitude level change capability and approaching traffic safety early warning, lack means for situation perception in the implementation process of the CAVS and the ITP, and cannot provide an effective air traffic service decision.
In the aspect of a ground commanding and monitoring system, the invention patent with the application number of 201110322681.X discloses a regional airspace management and monitoring system based on a TCAS (traffic collision avoidance system), which inquires an airplane with an A/C or S mode transponder in a regional airspace through a signal inquiry unit so as to acquire information of the course, the body state, the position and the like of the airplane in the regional airspace. Meanwhile, the system can be integrated into an airborne ADS-B network to acquire relevant state information of the airplane in a broadcast receiving mode. However, the system only provides basic information such as speed, position, flight number and the like of the airplane, cannot meet the information requirements of complex operation such as ITP and CAVS, and cannot realize the control aid decision application of the CAVS and the ITP in the existing system or operation mode.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a command operation management system and method based on 1090ES link ADS-B technology, so as to establish a common instant situational awareness of ground supervisors and pilots in an operation process, provide operation service and decision assistance for an airplane with altitude layer change capability and approaching operation in a command airspace, further improve the utilization rate of a high-density airspace, improve flight efficiency and guarantee flight safety.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a command operation management system based on 1090ES link ADS-B technology, including: the data receiver is used for receiving 1090MHz ADS-B message information of the target aircraft; the data storage module is used for storing the 1090MHz ADS-B message information, aircraft information processed by the system processor, an electronic map, airport terminal area chart information, instructions input through a human-computer interaction interface, user application configuration parameters and system operation information;
the system processor is used for decoding the 1090MHz ADS-B message information; performing correlation processing on the electronic map, the aerograph information of the airport terminal area and the decoded 1090MHz ADS-B message information to obtain real-time information of the target aircraft; according to the real-time information of the target aircraft, the user application configuration parameters and the alarm logic, early warning is carried out on the target aircraft running in a preset approach range to obtain an approach running early warning result, whether the target aircraft in the preset altitude layer change application range has altitude layer change capability or not is judged in advance, and enhanced situation information of air-ground cooperation is generated;
the human-computer interaction module is used for receiving the instruction input through the human-computer interaction interface and the user application configuration parameters, displaying the traffic situation, providing a pilot display visual angle of the target aircraft for ground supervision personnel, and displaying the enhanced situation information of the air-ground cooperation, the approach operation early warning result and the altitude layer change capability pre-judgment result;
and the communication module is used for information interaction between ground supervision personnel and a pilot.
Further, the data receiver includes:
the 1090MHz receiving antenna is used for directly receiving 1090MHz ADS-B message information issued by an aircraft;
the information data interface is used for receiving 1090MHz ADS-B message information forwarded by the ADS-B ground station;
and the ADS-B receiving module is used for receiving 1090MHz ADS-B message information sent by the information data interface or/and the 1090MHz receiving antenna.
Further, the data storage module includes:
the aircraft information storage unit is used for storing the 1090MHz ADS-B message information and the aircraft information processed by the system processor;
the map information storage unit is used for storing the electronic map and the airport terminal area navigation map information;
the instruction and configuration storage unit is used for storing instructions input through a human-computer interaction interface, user application configuration parameters and dynamic information configured by combining an airspace environment;
and the system operation information storage unit is used for storing the system operation information of the command operation management system.
Further, the system processor comprises:
the message processing unit is used for decoding the 1090MHz ADS-B message information according to a decoding rule to obtain ADS-B data, and analyzing the quality, the specification and the reliability of the ADS-B data to obtain the ADS-B message information after decoding analysis;
the relevant processing unit is used for carrying out fusion processing on the basis of the information data interface after decoding and analysis by the message processing unit and 1090MHz ADS-B message information sent by a 1090MHz receiving antenna to obtain fused 1090MHz ADS-B data; calling the electronic map, the airport terminal area navigation map information and the fused 1090MHz ADS-B data to perform correlation processing to obtain real-time information of the target aircraft;
and the application and alarm processing unit is used for carrying out early warning on the target aircraft running in a preset approach range according to the real-time information of the target aircraft, the user application configuration parameters and the alarm logic to obtain an approach running early warning result, prejudging whether the target aircraft in the preset altitude layer change application range has altitude layer change capability or not, and generating enhanced situation information of air-ground coordination.
Further, the human-computer interaction module comprises: the device comprises a control generating unit, an input unit and a display unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the control generating unit is used for generating visual controls and interface elements of various symbols in the display unit;
the input unit is used for supporting various input devices to complete the input of texts and instructions and realize human-computer interaction;
and the display unit is used for visually presenting information and comprises an operation management main interface, an altitude layer change supervision interface and an airplane approach supervision interface.
Further, the communication module includes: a voice communication unit and a data link communication unit.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a command operation management method based on the 1090ES link ADS-B technology, which applies the command operation management system based on the 1090ES link ADS-B technology, wherein the alarm logic comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of monitoring and alarming traffic situation, carrying out early warning on a target aircraft running in a preset approach range to obtain a safe operation early warning algorithm of an approach operation early warning result, and judging whether the target aircraft in a preset altitude layer change application range has altitude layer change capability in advance.
Further, the traffic situation monitoring and warning process comprises the following steps:
determining whether the aircraft is located in a preset display range according to real-time information of the aircraft;
when the aircraft is located in a preset display range, judging whether the aircraft meets preset time interval and altitude difference alarm conditions or not according to real-time information of the aircraft;
and when the aircraft meets the preset time interval and altitude difference alarm conditions, generating alarm information, and displaying the traffic situation of all aircraft in a preset display range and the alarm information of the aircraft meeting the preset time interval and altitude difference alarm conditions through an operation management main interface of a human-computer interaction module.
Further, the safety operation early warning algorithm comprises:
determining whether the aircraft is located within a preset approaching range or not according to the real-time information of the aircraft and the airport position information; when the aircraft is located in a preset approaching range, displaying aircraft information through a man-machine interaction module operation management main interface, and presetting an aircraft in the approaching range as a target aircraft;
judging whether the distance or the time between the target aircraft and a preset reference target aircraft meets a preset approaching warning condition or not; when the distance or time between the target aircraft and a preset reference target aircraft meets a preset approach warning condition, generating early warning information of the target aircraft relative to the target reference aircraft when the target aircraft is located in a preset approach range, and displaying the early warning information of the target aircraft and the air-ground cooperative enhancement situation information of the target aircraft and other aircraft in the preset approach range through an aircraft approach supervision interface of the human-computer interaction module.
Further, the algorithm for predicting whether the target aircraft has the altitude layer change capability comprises:
judging that the aircraft is positioned in the air according to the real-time information of the aircraft, displaying the information of the aircraft through a human-computer interaction module operation management main interface, presetting an aircraft as a target aircraft, and determining an included angle, a distance and a distance change rate between the target aircraft and other aircraft in a change application range of a peripheral preset altitude layer;
taking other aircrafts of which the included angles, the distances and the distance change rates meet preset reference conditions as reference aircrafts;
calculating a distance and ground speed difference between the target aircraft and the reference aircraft;
and pre-judging whether the target aircraft has the altitude layer change capability or not according to the distance between the target aircraft and the reference aircraft and the ground speed difference, and displaying the prediction result of the altitude layer change capability through an altitude layer change supervision interface of the human-computer interaction module.
The command operation management system and method based on 1090ES link ADS-B technology of the invention, receive ADS-B message information, and load the map information, demonstrate the air traffic situation to the ground supervisor intuitively; an approach warning algorithm module and an altitude layer change algorithm module of the system can be combined with the running condition configuration of ground monitoring personnel to realize the safety early warning of approach traffic and the prejudgment of the airplane with altitude layer change capability; the situation perception enhancement of the space-ground cooperation provides a local visual angle of a pilot and enhanced display information in the approaching and altitude layer changing process for ground supervision personnel, establishes a common instant situational awareness with the pilot in the operation process, and provides operation service and decision assistance for an airplane which has the altitude layer changing capability and performs approaching operation in a command airspace, so that the utilization rate of the high-density airspace is improved, the flight efficiency is improved, and the flight safety is guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a command run management system architecture based on 1090ES link ADS-B technology according to an exemplary first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a data receiver in a command run management system based on 1090ES link ADS-B technique according to an exemplary second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a data storage module in a 1090ES link ADS-B technology-based command operation management system according to an exemplary third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a system processor in a command run management system based on 1090ES link ADS-B technique according to an exemplary fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a human-machine interaction module in a command operation management system based on 1090ES link ADS-B technology according to an exemplary fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a communication module in a command operation management system based on 1090ES link ADS-B technology according to an exemplary sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a traffic situation monitoring and warning flow in a command operation management method based on an 1090ES link ADS-B technology according to an exemplary seventh embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an approach warning flow in a command operation management method based on an ADS-B technique of an 1090ES link according to an exemplary eighth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a high-level change monitoring process in a command operation management method based on an 1090ES link ADS-B technology according to an exemplary ninth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other; moreover, all other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the appended claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the disclosure, one skilled in the art should appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspects and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented and/or a method practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. Additionally, such an apparatus may be implemented and/or such a method may be practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a command operation management system based on 1090ES link ADS-B technology, which includes:
the data receiver is used for receiving 1090MHz ADS-B message information of the target aircraft;
the data storage module is used for storing the 1090MHz ADS-B message information, aircraft information processed by the system processor, an electronic map, airport terminal area chart information, instructions input through a human-computer interaction interface, user application configuration parameters and system operation information;
the system processor is used for decoding the 1090MHz ADS-B message information; performing correlation processing on the electronic map, the aerograph information of the airport terminal area and the decoded 1090MHz ADS-B message information to obtain real-time information of the target aircraft; monitoring and alarming traffic situation of all aircrafts in an application range and realizing approach alarming monitoring and altitude layer change monitoring of the target aircraft according to the real-time information of the target aircraft, user application configuration parameters and alarming logic;
the human-computer interaction module is used for receiving the instruction input through the human-computer interaction interface and the user application configuration parameters, displaying the traffic situation, and providing pilot display visual angles of the target aircraft for ground supervisors to display enhanced situation information of the air-ground coordination, an approach operation early warning result and an altitude layer change capability pre-judgment result;
and the communication module is used for information interaction between ground supervision personnel and a pilot.
The embodiment receives ADS-B message information, loads map information and visually displays air traffic situation to ground supervision personnel; an approach warning algorithm module and an altitude layer change algorithm module of the system can be combined with the running condition configuration of ground monitoring personnel to realize the safety early warning of approach traffic and the prejudgment of the airplane with altitude layer change capability; the situation perception enhancement of the space-ground cooperation provides a local visual angle of a pilot and enhanced display information in the approaching and altitude layer changing process for ground supervision personnel, establishes a common instant situational awareness with the pilot in the operation process, and provides operation service and decision assistance for an airplane which has the altitude layer changing capability and performs approaching operation in a command airspace, so that the utilization rate of the high-density airspace is improved, the flight efficiency is improved, and the flight safety is guaranteed.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the data receiver integrates the ADS-B receiving module and the information data interface. The ADS-B receiving module can directly receive ADS-B message information issued by the airplane through the 1090MHz receiving antenna, wherein the ADS-B message information comprises airplane identification codes, longitude and latitude, altitude, speed, course and other information. When the environment of the data receiver is within the coverage range of the ADS-B ground station, the ADS-B receiving module can also receive 1090MHz ADS-B downlink data which are transmitted by the ADS-B ground station and packed in Cat021 format through the information data interface. The data interface can be an Ethernet interface, a WiFi module.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the data storage module stores various types of information in a partitioned manner, so as to facilitate quick and efficient invocation of the system processor, and the data storage module includes an aircraft information storage unit, a map storage unit, an instruction and configuration storage unit, and a system operation information storage unit. The aircraft information storage unit stores original message information received by the data receiver and aircraft information comprehensively processed by the system processor; the map information storage unit stores a large amount of high-precision electronic maps and airport terminal area navigation map information, such as instrument approach maps and standard approach and departure maps; the instruction and configuration storage unit stores instructions input by the human-computer interaction interface, and meanwhile, dynamic information of user application configuration parameters such as application range parameters and alarm thresholds which need to be configured in combination with the airspace environment is also stored in the unit; the system operation information storage unit stores system operation information, such as fault information, so as to facilitate subsequent system maintenance.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the system processor includes a message processing unit, an association processing unit, and an application and alarm processing unit. The message processing unit is mainly used for message decoding and data analysis, specifically, original message information in the data storage module is decoded according to a message version (DO-260/a/B, Cat021 message) and a message type (position message, speed message and the like) according to a decoding rule, and the quality, specification and reliability of data are analyzed.
The association processing unit is mainly used for data fusion and map information processing. The system processor has data fusion processing capacity, and the data receiver can receive ADS-B messages directly issued by the airplane and can also receive Cat021 messages forwarded by the ADS-B ground stations within the coverage range of the ADS-B ground stations, so that data are fused aiming at the same target in the air, and the data reliability is improved. And calling the electronic map and terminal area chart information in the map information storage unit, and performing correlation processing on the electronic map and terminal area chart information and airplane data subjected to message processing. NET is supported to use an open source GIS library to process map files and map layers, and for example, the GMap is clear in functional module, easy to expand, capable of crossing platforms and free.
The application and alarm unit is mainly used for traffic situation monitoring and alarming, approach alarming algorithm and height layer changing algorithm. Specifically, according to the airspace environment, instructions of the instructions and the configuration storage unit and user configuration parameters are called, processed real-time aircraft information is combined, monitoring and alarming on the aircraft traffic situation are achieved through alarming logic, and safety early warning of approaching traffic and prejudgment on whether the aircraft has the altitude layer change capability or not are achieved through an approach alarming algorithm and an altitude layer change algorithm. The traffic situation monitoring and warning, approach warning and altitude level change monitoring process schematic diagrams are shown in fig. 7-9.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the human-computer interaction module includes a control generation unit, a display unit, and an input unit. The control generating unit generates visual controls and interface elements of various symbols in the display unit, such as a setting control, a monitoring playback control, a trail display control, a help control, a longitude and latitude-time bar, a compass, an airplane icon and the like. The input unit supports various input devices to complete the input of texts and instructions, and realizes man-machine interaction, and the input devices include but are not limited to: mouse, keyboard, touch-sensitive screen. The display unit is used for visually displaying information, comprises an operation management main interface, an altitude layer change supervision interface and an airplane approach supervision interface, and supports multi-window and split-screen display so as to realize efficient operation management.
Specifically, the operation management main interface loads an electronic map and displays the basic traffic situation of the airplane in real time, so that ground supervisors can master the flight information globally. When there is a potential conflict with the aircraft, a visual alert is provided. Meanwhile, the airplane with the altitude layer changing capability and approaching is provided with an indication, such as an information display through an airplane label, so as to attract the attention of ground supervision personnel. The interface also provides functional controls for condition screening, monitoring playback, track display, setting and the like, and completes the setting and management of the system by the user.
An aircraft approach surveillance interface that can display in zones an overhead view and a cross-sectional view of an aircraft approach airport. The overlook view provides a local visual angle of the running aircraft for ground supervisors, and displays the information of the aircraft around the local aircraft in real time, including relative altitude, relative horizontal position, course, vertical trend, aircraft identification code and speed. The cross-sectional view provides the glide slope information of approaching airplanes and the flight situation of the airplanes approaching the airport, supports the configuration operation of ground supervisors on the glide slope, and strengthens the management of the ground supervisors on the approaching airplanes.
The height layer change supervision interface is the same as the aircraft approach supervision interface, and the overhead view and the section view of the aircraft with the height layer change are displayed in a partition mode. The height layer change overlooking view provides a local view angle of the airplane with the height layer change application capability for ground monitoring personnel, and displays the flight state of the airplane around the local airplane in real time; providing a highlight to a reference machine; support is provided in text form for more detailed information referring to it. The profile view displays the flight trends of the local aircraft and surrounding aircraft within a certain height range, and supports the highlight display of the intended flight height layer of the local aircraft. The ground supervision personnel can visually see the ascending or descending trend of the airplane executing the altitude layer change.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the communication module enables information interaction of ground supervisors with the pilot. The module includes a voice communication unit and a data link communication unit. The voice communication unit can be accessed to a Very High Frequency (VHF) air-ground communication system, and bidirectional voice communication between the pilot and the ground is realized. Meanwhile, in order to overcome the problems of limited communication distance and the like caused by voice communication and potential safety hazards caused by mishearing and misunderstanding of the meaning of voice, a data link communication unit provides two modes of communication, one mode is CPDLC (controller and pilot data link communication), which is an air-ground communication data link commonly used by the current international air-ground system, and has abundant control instructions, more importantly, the data communication is used for replacing voice communication, so that the data link communication has strong anti-jamming capability, and signal distortion is avoided to a great extent. The other is 4G/5G mobile communication, the mobile communication has the characteristics of communication speed block, network spectrum width and flexible communication, and the communication quality can be well improved when the mobile communication is applied to a low-altitude airspace region, such as an airplane approach stage.
Based on the embodiment, the command operation management system based on the 1090ES link ADS-B technology receives and processes the aircraft information in real time through the ADS-B technology, and provides basic air situation monitoring service for ground monitoring personnel through visual information display. Through a system approach warning algorithm and an altitude layer change algorithm, a monitoring interface is used for manually controlling the display switching from the visual angle of a ground supervisor to the visual angle of a pilot, so that common situational awareness and enhanced situation information with the pilot are provided for the pilot, and the running state of an approaching aircraft and the real-time prediction of whether the aircraft has the altitude layer change capability or not are mastered. IN the whole system operation process, the communication capacity between ground supervisors and a pilot is ensured at the whole stage through voice communication, CPDLC and 4G/5G data chain communication, when the aircraft does not have ADS-B IN capacity, the information acquisition of a crew member CDTI is replaced by the instructions of the ground supervisors, and the crew member is directly instructed to execute CAVS-like and ITP-like operation IN the whole process at the approaching stage and the altitude layer changing process; when the aircraft has the ADS-B IN capability, ground control personnel can establish situation perception integrated with the pilot by means of the system, and assist the pilot to execute CAVS and ITP when necessary according to the established CAVS and ITP operation flow. Specifically, the command operation management system based on the 1090ES link ADS-B technology has the following functions:
basic traffic monitoring and warning: the method and the system can present the running situation (information such as position, speed, height, course and the like) of the aircraft in real time, provide an aircraft interval early warning function and assist ground supervision personnel in providing basic air traffic management service.
The safe operation and the change capability of the altitude layer of the approaching airplane are prejudged: ground supervision personnel can intuitively obtain which airplanes can execute altitude layer change and which airplanes have potential conflict hidden dangers in the approaching process within the control and command range of the ground supervision personnel, so that guidance decision assistance is provided.
Situation awareness enhancement of space-ground collaboration: the method provides a monitoring visual angle of a pilot for ground supervisors, establishes the common instant situational awareness of the ground supervisors and the pilot, and assists the ground supervisors in managing the operation of the airplane.
The system also provides data query and data playback functions, meets the query of ground monitoring personnel on specific information through data query, displays the flight scene in a specific time period through data playback, and provides reference for data analysis and flight improvement.
Correspondingly, based on the above embodiment, the command operation management system based on the 1090ES link ADS-B technology has the following technical advantages:
firstly, the system can provide basic monitoring information for ground supervisors, so that the ground supervisors can master the flight situation of the aircraft in real time, and remind the supervisors to pay attention to the potentially conflicting aircraft through the aircraft interval early warning function. Meanwhile, the system has the functions of safe operation of approaching airplanes and pre-judging the change capability of the altitude layer and the enhanced situation information of the space-ground cooperation presented by the human-computer interaction interface, so that ground supervision personnel have common situational awareness with pilots, and provide operation service and decision assistance for airplanes which have the change capability of the altitude layer and advance and approach operations in a command airspace, thereby improving the utilization rate of the high-density airspace, improving the flight efficiency and ensuring the flight safety.
Second, the system can incorporate diversified operational management and control. In an actual operation case, if the ground control and command system adopts the system, traffic service in the approaching stage and the altitude layer changing process can be provided for all airplanes in the whole airspace with the 1090ES ADS-B OUT-based capability. Specifically, when the aircraft does not have the ADS-B IN capability, ground controllers rely on the functions provided by the system, and IN the existing approach operation program, the instructions of ground managers replace the information acquisition of CDTI to directly command the aircrew to execute CAVS-like operation, and similarly, IN the whole operation process, the aircrew is directly commanded to execute ITP under the condition of ensuring the safety interval; when the aircraft has the ADS-B IN capability, ground control personnel can establish situation perception integrated with the pilot by means of the system, and the pilot is assisted to execute CAVS and ITP operation.
Thirdly, the system is flexibly applicable to complex application environments, such as flight training in an aeronautical school, airport terminal area control, air route control and the like. For different airports, only map information in the system needs to be replaced, airport terminal area chart information is allocated, and ground supervision personnel complete corresponding configuration according to control rules and application conditions, so that the system can be started.
As shown in fig. 7, the traffic situation monitoring and warning process first determines the aircraft within the set display range according to the aircraft information, such as position and speed, and further outputs warning information when the aircraft meets the warning condition.
As shown in fig. 8, the approach warning process first determines the aircraft near the airport to approach, and further determines whether the distance or time between the aircraft and the aircraft meets the warning condition in real time by using a certain aircraft as the aircraft and designating the aircraft, and if so, outputs the warning information. In the approach warning procedure, the warning condition may be given based on the distance between the own aircraft and the designated other aircraft, and since the speed of the aircraft may change in real time, the pilot may have a reaction time in processing, and thus, the warning condition may be given based on the time including the time interval between the own aircraft and the designated other aircraft and the reaction time of the human.
As shown in fig. 9, the procedure of monitoring the change of the altitude layer first uses a certain airplane in the air as a local airplane, determines a reference airplane in the range of the change of the altitude layer by calculating the angle, distance and distance change rate index between the local airplane and the other surrounding airplanes, and determines whether the local airplane has the capability of changing the altitude layer according to the standards for starting the change of the altitude layer, such as the distance between the local airplane and the reference airplane and the ground speed difference.
The embodiment of the command operation management method based on the 1090ES link ADS-B technology also has the functions of prejudging the safe operation of the approaching airplane and the change capability of the altitude layer and the enhanced situation information of the air-ground cooperation presented by the man-machine interaction interface, so that ground monitoring personnel have the same situational awareness with pilots, and the command operation management method based on the 1090ES link ADS-B technology has the same technical effect and is not repeated herein.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A command operation management system based on 1090ES link ADS-B technique is characterized by comprising:
the data receiver is used for receiving 1090MHz ADS-B message information of the target aircraft;
the data storage module is used for storing the 1090MHz ADS-B message information, aircraft information processed by the system processor, an electronic map, airport terminal area chart information, instructions input through a human-computer interaction interface, user application configuration parameters and system operation information;
the system processor is used for decoding the 1090MHz ADS-B message information; performing correlation processing on the electronic map, the aerograph information of the airport terminal area and the decoded 1090MHz ADS-B message information to obtain real-time information of the target aircraft; according to the real-time information of the target aircraft, the user application configuration parameters and the alarm logic, early warning is carried out on the target aircraft running in a preset approach range to obtain an approach running early warning result, whether the target aircraft in the preset altitude layer change application range has altitude layer change capability or not is judged in advance, and enhanced situation information of air-ground cooperation is generated;
the human-computer interaction module is used for receiving the instruction input through the human-computer interaction interface and the user application configuration parameters and displaying the enhanced situation information of the air-ground cooperation, the approaching operation early warning result and the height layer change capability pre-judgment result;
and the communication module is used for information interaction between ground supervision personnel and a pilot.
2. The 1090ES link ADS-B technology-based command run management system according to claim 1, wherein the data receiver comprises:
the 1090MHz receiving antenna is used for directly receiving 1090MHz ADS-B message information issued by an aircraft;
the information data interface is used for receiving 1090MHz ADS-B message information forwarded by the ADS-B ground station;
and the ADS-B receiving module is used for receiving 1090MHz ADS-B message information sent by the information data interface or/and the 1090MHz receiving antenna.
3. The 1090ES link ADS-B technology-based command run management system according to claim 2, wherein the data storage module comprises:
the aircraft information storage unit is used for storing the 1090MHz ADS-B message information and the aircraft information processed by the system processor;
the map information storage unit is used for storing the electronic map and the airport terminal area navigation map information;
the instruction and configuration storage unit is used for storing instructions input through a human-computer interaction interface, user application configuration parameters and dynamic information configured by combining an airspace environment;
and the system operation information storage unit is used for storing the system operation information of the command operation management system.
4. The 1090ES link ADS-B technology-based command run management system of claim 3 wherein the system processor comprises:
the message processing unit is used for decoding the 1090MHz ADS-B message information according to a decoding rule to obtain ADS-B data, and analyzing the quality, the specification and the reliability of the ADS-B data to obtain the ADS-B message information after decoding analysis;
the relevant processing unit is used for carrying out fusion processing on the basis of the information data interface after decoding and analysis by the message processing unit and 1090MHz ADS-B message information sent by a 1090MHz receiving antenna to obtain fused 1090MHz ADS-B data; calling the electronic map, the airport terminal area navigation map information and the fused 1090MHz ADS-B data to perform correlation processing to obtain real-time information of the target aircraft;
and the application and alarm processing unit is used for carrying out early warning on the target aircraft running in a preset approach range according to the real-time information of the target aircraft, the user application configuration parameters and the alarm logic to obtain an approach running early warning result, prejudging whether the target aircraft in the preset altitude layer change application range has altitude layer change capability or not, and generating enhanced situation information of air-ground coordination.
5. The 1090ES link ADS-B technology-based command operation management system according to claim 4, wherein the human-computer interaction module comprises: the device comprises a control generating unit, an input unit and a display unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the control generating unit is used for generating visual controls and interface elements of various symbols in the display unit;
the input unit is used for supporting various input devices to complete the input of texts and instructions and realize human-computer interaction;
and the display unit is used for visually presenting information and comprises an operation management main interface, an altitude layer change supervision interface and an airplane approach supervision interface.
6. The 1090ES link ADS-B technology-based command run management system of claim 5, wherein the communication module comprises: a voice communication unit and a data link communication unit.
7. A command operation management method based on 1090ES link ADS-B technology, characterized in that, the command operation management system based on 1090ES link ADS-B technology according to any claim 1-6 is applied, wherein the alarm logic includes: the method comprises a traffic situation monitoring and warning process, a safe operation early warning algorithm for early warning a target aircraft operating in a preset approach range to obtain an approach operation early warning result, and an algorithm for pre-judging whether the target aircraft in a preset altitude layer change application range has altitude layer change capability.
8. The command operation management method according to claim 7, wherein the traffic situation monitoring and warning flow comprises:
determining whether the aircraft is located in a preset display range according to real-time information of the aircraft;
when the aircraft is located in a preset display range, judging whether the aircraft meets preset time interval and altitude difference alarm conditions or not according to real-time information of the aircraft;
and when the aircraft meets the preset time interval and altitude difference alarm conditions, generating alarm information, and displaying the traffic situation of all aircraft in a preset display range and the alarm information of the aircraft meeting the preset time interval and altitude difference alarm conditions through an operation management interface of a human-computer interaction module.
9. The 1090ES link ADS-B technology-based command operation management method according to claim 8, wherein the safe operation early warning algorithm comprises:
determining whether the aircraft is located within a preset approaching range or not according to the real-time information of the aircraft and the airport position information;
when the aircraft is located in a preset approaching range, displaying aircraft information through a man-machine interaction module operation management main interface, and presetting one aircraft in the approaching range as a target aircraft; judging whether the distance or the time between the target aircraft and a preset reference target aircraft meets a preset approaching warning condition or not; when the distance or time between the target aircraft and a preset reference target aircraft meets a preset approach warning condition, generating early warning information of the target aircraft relative to the target reference aircraft when the target aircraft is located in a preset approach range, and displaying the early warning information of the target aircraft and the air-ground cooperative enhancement situation information of the target aircraft and other aircraft in the preset approach range through an aircraft approach supervision interface of the human-computer interaction module.
10. The 1090ES link ADS-B technology-based command operation management method of claim 9, wherein the algorithm for prejudging whether the target aircraft has altitude level change capability comprises:
judging that the aircraft is positioned in the air according to the real-time information of the aircraft, displaying the information of the aircraft through a human-computer interaction module operation management main interface, presetting an aircraft as a target aircraft, and determining an included angle, a distance and a distance change rate between the target aircraft and other aircraft in a surrounding preset range;
taking other aircrafts of which the included angles, the distances and the distance change rates meet preset reference conditions as reference aircrafts;
calculating a distance and ground speed difference between the target aircraft and the reference aircraft;
and pre-judging whether the target aircraft has the altitude layer change capability or not according to the distance between the target aircraft and the reference aircraft and the ground speed difference, and displaying the prediction result of the altitude layer change capability through an altitude layer change supervision interface of the human-computer interaction module.
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