CN111879156A - Full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container heat exchange structure and heat exchange method - Google Patents
Full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container heat exchange structure and heat exchange method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111879156A CN111879156A CN202010566279.5A CN202010566279A CN111879156A CN 111879156 A CN111879156 A CN 111879156A CN 202010566279 A CN202010566279 A CN 202010566279A CN 111879156 A CN111879156 A CN 111879156A
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- protective shell
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of hydrogen energy, and relates to a heat exchange structure and a heat exchange method of a full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container. Comprises a protective shell, an oil tank and a jacket; the protective shell is of a sleeve structure and is sleeved in the middle of the full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container, a steel belt layer of the full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container is arranged in the protective shell, and a heat-conducting medium is communicated in a gap between the protective shell and the steel belt layer; two saddles are arranged on two sides of the bottom end of the protective shell and used for supporting the full multi-layer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container and the heat exchange structure; the protective shell medium inlet joint and the protective shell medium outlet joint are respectively welded at the left end and the right end of the protective shell, the protective shell medium inlet joint is used for connecting an oil pool, and the protective shell medium outlet joint is connected with an oil tank and a vacuum pump; the jacket is welded outside the protective shell, a baffle plate is arranged in the jacket, and a jacket medium inlet and outlet is arranged on the jacket. The invention can realize the internal and external heat exchange of the full multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container, and has simple and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hydrogen energy, and relates to a heat exchange structure and a heat exchange method of a full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container.
Background
The hydrogen energy has the advantages of high heat value, various sources, cleanness, environmental protection, high utilization efficiency and the like, and is an important development direction of future energy. The hydrogen energy is developed vigorously, and the method is an important measure for converting the energy consumption structure of China, ensuring the energy safety, relieving the air pollution, reducing the emission of greenhouse gases and keeping the economic sustainable development.
The full multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container is a product independently researched, developed and designed in China, has the advantages of high parameter design adaptability, explosion suppression and explosion resistance, defect dispersion, online monitoring of health state, economy and simplicity in manufacturing and the like, successfully overcomes the problem of hydrogen brittleness of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container by adopting a multilayer structure, is a key hydrogen storage device in hydrogen energy infrastructure construction, and has wide application prospect.
The heat exchange function is one of the keys of the solid/high pressure mixed hydrogen storage technology realized by the full multilayer steel high pressure hydrogen storage container. Because the full multilayer steel high pressure hydrogen storage container stores up hydrogen pressure height, and the container wall thickness is big to for full multilayer structure, directly set up heat transfer jacket outside the container, can make the heat transfer difficult. In addition, in order to ensure the sealing performance of the container, the aperture arranged at the end part of the container is very small, only hydrogen is supplied to enter and exit, and an inlet and outlet channel cannot be provided for internal heat exchange. In view of the particularity of the container structure, no existing heat exchange structure and method exist at home and abroad at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides a heat exchange structure and a heat exchange method of a full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container.
In order to solve the technical problem, the solution of the invention is as follows:
the heat exchange structure of the full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container comprises a protective shell, an oil tank and a jacket; the protective shell is of a sleeve structure and is sleeved in the middle of the full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container, a steel belt layer of the full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container is arranged in the protective shell, and a heat-conducting medium is communicated in a gap between the protective shell and the steel belt layer; two saddles are arranged on two sides of the bottom end of the protective shell and used for supporting the full multi-layer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container and the heat exchange structure; the protective shell medium inlet joint and the protective shell medium outlet joint are respectively welded at the left end and the right end of the protective shell, the protective shell medium inlet joint is used for connecting an oil pool, and the protective shell medium outlet joint is connected with an oil tank and a vacuum pump; the jacket is welded outside the protective shell, a baffle plate is arranged in the jacket, and a jacket medium inlet and outlet is arranged on the jacket.
As an improvement, a medium inlet joint of the protective shell is arranged above the saddle; the protective shell medium inlet joint and the protective shell medium outlet joint are welded above the gap between two adjacent sections of steel strips, so that a medium can be conveniently introduced into the gap between the steel strip layers. In the invention, the saddles are welded on the left side and the right side of the protective shell, so that the jacket shell is prevented from being extruded by being directly welded on the jacket.
As an improvement, the medium introduced into the protective shell is heat conduction oil which is beneficial to heat transfer and does not influence the performance of the steel belt layer.
As an improvement, the oil tank is provided with three through holes which are respectively arranged at the upper end, the lower end and the side part of the oil tank; the lower end through hole is welded with a threaded joint which can be connected with a protective shell medium outlet joint through a bolt; the side through hole is a hydrogen leakage detecting opening, and the hydrogen leakage condition between steel belt layers is monitored in real time in the heat exchange process; the upper end through hole is welded with a U-shaped pipe.
The manufacturing method of the heat exchange structure comprises the following steps:
(1) after the steel belt layer of the container body is wound, finding out a first steel belt gap at the top of one side of the container, which is closest to the end part, and marking the position of the steel belt gap at the end part;
(2) according to the expected occupied position of the saddle, a first steel belt gap nearest to the side end part of the container is found above the saddle on the other side of the container, and the position of the steel belt gap on the side end part is marked;
(3) the protective shell is completely covered on the outer side of the steel belt layer and is welded with two ends of the container, and through holes for the inlet and the outlet of the protective shell are formed in the protective shell according to the two marked positions;
(4) the baffling board welds on the clamp sleeve, and the clamp sleeve welds on the protective housing, controls and keeps saddle and protective housing inlet and outlet connector's position, then welds saddle, protective housing medium inlet joint and protective housing medium outlet joint on the protective housing.
The invention also provides a heat exchange method using the heat exchange structure, which comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the volume of the generated steel band layer gap, calculating the maximum volume difference generated by the heat conduction oil after expanding with heat and contracting with cold according to the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in the using process, determining the volume parameter of the oil tank, namely the volume of the oil tank is not less than the calculated maximum volume difference, and manufacturing the oil tank for subsequent use;
(2) introducing heat conduction oil into the gap of the steel belt layer in the protective shell:
(3) keeping the gap of the steel belt layers to have heat conduction oil, and introducing a heat exchange medium into the jacket for heat exchange;
(4) in the using process, whether hydrogen leakage occurs in the steel belt layer is monitored in real time through a hydrogen leakage detecting port on the oil tank.
As an improvement, the conduction oil requires that after the steel strip layer material and the protective shell material are immersed in the conduction oil for a proper time, the materials are not corroded, and the mechanical property is not changed.
As a refinement, step (2) comprises the following sub-steps:
firstly, an outlet valve is arranged on a medium outlet joint of a protective shell and connected with a vacuum pump, an inlet valve is arranged on a medium inlet joint of the protective shell and connected with a transparent plastic connecting pipe, then the transparent plastic connecting pipe is communicated with an oil pool, and in order to ensure that introduced heat conduction oil can be filled in a steel belt layer gap all the time, the oil temperature of the oil pool is not higher than the lowest temperature in the heat exchange process;
opening an inlet valve and an outlet valve, starting a vacuum pump, and operating for a period of time, so that the inlet valve is immediately closed after the transparent plastic connecting pipe is fully immersed in the heat-conducting oil, thereby ensuring that no air interference exists in the process of entering the heat-conducting oil after vacuumizing;
pumping vacuum to the maximum;
opening an inlet valve to enable the heat conduction oil in the oil pool to be filled into the gap of the steel belt layer, and closing the vacuum pump and the inlet valve after the heat conduction oil overflows from the outlet valve;
fifthly, removing the outlet valve, installing an oil tank on the medium outlet joint of the protective shell, removing the inlet valve and the transparent plastic connecting pipe, and adding a plug at the inlet of the inlet valve.
Compared with the prior structure, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the heat exchange structure and the method can realize the internal and external heat exchange of the full multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container, and the operation is simple and convenient.
2. The invention requires that the saddle seat is welded on the left side and the right side of the protective shell, thereby avoiding the extrusion of the jacket shell caused by direct welding on the jacket; the protective shell is added between the steel belt layer and the jacket, so that the heat exchange medium in the jacket can be prevented from being introduced into the steel belt layer, and the adverse effect on the performance of the steel belt layer can be prevented.
3. The invention adopts the method of introducing the heat conduction oil into the steel belt layer gap, thereby not only effectively discharging the air for heat insulation in the steel belt layer gap, but also introducing the heat conduction oil beneficial to heat conduction, improving the heat conduction coefficient and reducing the adverse effect caused by the thick wall problem.
4. The invention provides an effective method for introducing a protective shell medium into a steel belt layer gap by using a vacuum pump, and the method is simple and convenient to operate.
5. The protective housing medium can take place expend with heat and contract with cold at the use, and the oil tank provides the storage space of protective housing medium, overflows when the protective housing medium inflation and gets into the oil tank, but medium reentrant steel tape layer clearance in the oil tank during the shrink. The hydrogen leakage condition between steel belt layers can be monitored in real time through the hydrogen leakage detecting port on the oil tank, and the problem that the hydrogen leakage detecting port is not arranged because a jacket is arranged is solved. The U-shaped pipe is welded to the through hole in the upper end of the oil tank, so that an outlet for excessive overflow of heat conduction oil is provided, and interference of external rainwater is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a full multi-layered steel high pressure hydrogen storage vessel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange structure of a full multi-layer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage vessel;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the fuel tank;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of medium filling of a protective shell of a full multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container.
Description of reference numerals:
1-interface seat, 2-reinforcing hoop, 3-protective shell, 4-steel belt layer, 5-hydrogen sensor interface, 6-inner cylinder, 7-end socket, 8-oil tank, 9-protective shell medium outlet joint, 10-jacket, 11-protective shell medium inlet joint, 12-saddle, 13-baffle plate, 14-threaded joint, 15-hydrogen leakage detecting port, 16-U-shaped pipe, 17-outlet valve, 18-vacuum pump, 19-inlet valve, 20-transparent plastic connecting pipe and 21-oil pool.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a typical structure of a full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container comprises a connector base 1, a reinforcing hoop 2, a protective shell 3, a steel belt layer 4, a hydrogen sensor connector 5, an inner cylinder 6 and a seal head 7. Besides enough bearing capacity, the heat exchange function is the key of the solid/high pressure mixed hydrogen storage technology realized by the full multilayer steel high pressure hydrogen storage container.
The heat exchange structure of the full multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container in the embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a protective shell 3, a protective shell medium inlet joint 11, a protective shell medium outlet joint 9, an oil tank 8, a saddle 12, a jacket 10 and a baffle plate 13. The protective shell 3 is welded with the reinforcing hoops 2 at the left end and the right end of the full multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container, and covers a steel belt layer 4 of the full multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container. The protective shell medium inlet joint 11 and the protective shell medium outlet joint 9 are welded on the left side and the right side of the protective shell 3. The protective shell medium outlet joint 9 is connected with the oil tank 8. The saddle 12 is welded on the left side and the right side of the bottom of the protective shell 3, so that the shell is prevented from being extruded by being directly welded on the jacket 10. The protective shell medium inlet joint 11 is arranged above the saddle 12 and avoids the position of the saddle 12. And the protective shell medium inlet joint 11 and the protective shell medium outlet joint 9 are welded above the gap between two adjacent sections of steel strips, so that a medium can be conveniently introduced into the gap between the steel strip layers 4. The medium introduced into the protective shell 3 is heat conduction oil which is beneficial to heat transfer.
The jacket 10 is welded on the protective shell 3, the positions of a protective shell medium inlet joint 11, a protective shell medium outlet joint 9 and a saddle 12 are reserved at the left end and the right end, a baffle plate 13 is arranged in the jacket 10, and a jacket medium inlet and outlet is arranged on the jacket 10.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the oil tank 8, the heat conduction oil can expand with heat and contract with cold in the using process, the oil tank 8 provides a storage space for the heat conduction oil, the heat conduction oil overflows to enter the oil tank 8 when expanding, and the heat conduction oil in the oil tank 8 can enter the gap of the steel belt layer 4 again when contracting. The oil tank 8 is provided with three through holes, the lower end through hole is welded with a threaded joint 14, and the threaded joint can be connected with a protective shell medium outlet joint 9 through bolts. The through hole on the upper left side is a hydrogen leakage detecting opening 15, and the hydrogen leakage condition is monitored in real time in the heat exchange process. The U-shaped pipe 16 is welded at the upper through hole.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the heat exchange structure, which comprises the following steps:
(1) after the steel belt layer 4 of the container is wound, a first steel belt gap which is closest to the reinforcing hoop 2 at the top of one side of the container is found, and the position of the steel belt gap is marked on the reinforcing hoop 2.
(2) According to the expected occupied position of the saddle 12, a first steel belt gap nearest to the side reinforcing hoop 2 is found above the saddle 12 on the other side of the container, and the position of the steel belt gap is marked on the side reinforcing hoop 2;
(3) the protective shell 3 is completely covered on the outer side of the steel belt layer 4 and is welded with the reinforcing hoops 2 at two ends, and through holes for the inlet and the outlet of the protective shell are formed in the protective shell 3 according to the two marked positions;
(4) the baffle plate 13 is welded on the jacket 10, the jacket 10 is welded on the protective shell 3, the positions of the saddle 12, the protective shell inlet joint 11 and the protective shell medium outlet joint 9 are left and right, and then the saddle 12, the protective shell medium inlet joint 11 and the protective shell medium outlet joint 9 are welded on the protective shell 3.
The invention also provides a using method of the heat exchange structure, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting proper heat conducting oil, wherein after the material of the steel belt layer 4 and the material of the protective shell 3 are required to be immersed in the heat conducting oil for proper time, the materials are not corroded, and the mechanical property is not changed;
(2) calculating the volume of the generated steel strip layer gap, calculating the maximum volume difference generated by the heat conduction oil expanding with heat and contracting with cold according to the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in the using process, determining the volume parameter of the oil tank 8 (the volume of the oil tank 8 is not less than the calculated maximum volume difference), and manufacturing the oil tank 8 for subsequent use.
(3) And (3) introducing heat conduction oil into the gap of the steel belt layer 4 in the protective shell:
firstly, an outlet valve 17 is arranged on a protective shell medium outlet joint 9 and is connected with a vacuum pump 18, an inlet valve 19 is arranged on a protective shell medium inlet joint 11 and is connected with a transparent plastic connecting pipe 20 and then is communicated with an oil pool 21, and in order to ensure that the introduced heat conduction oil is always filled in the gap of the steel belt layer 4, the oil temperature of the oil pool 21 is not higher than the lowest temperature in the heat exchange process;
opening an inlet valve 19 and an outlet valve 17, starting a vacuum pump 18, and operating for a period of time, so that after the transparent plastic connecting pipe 20 is fully immersed in the heat-conducting oil, the inlet valve 19 is immediately closed to ensure that no air interference exists in the process of entering the heat-conducting oil after vacuum pumping;
thirdly, the vacuum pump 18 vacuumizes the air to the maximum;
opening an inlet valve 19 to enable the heat conduction oil in the oil pool 21 to be filled into the gap of the steel belt layer, and closing the vacuum pump 18 and the inlet valve 19 after the heat conduction oil overflows the outlet valve 17;
fifthly, the outlet valve 17 is removed, the oil tank 8 is arranged on the protective shell medium outlet joint 9, the inlet valve 19 and the transparent plastic connecting pipe 20 are removed, and the inlet of the inlet valve 19 is provided with a plug.
(4) And heat conducting oil is kept in the gap of the steel belt layer 4, and a heat exchange medium is introduced into the jacket 10 for heat exchange.
(5) And in the using process, whether hydrogen leakage occurs in the steel belt layer 4 is monitored in real time through the hydrogen leakage detecting port 15 on the oil tank 8.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned list is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible. All changes which can be directly derived or suggested from the disclosure herein by a person of ordinary skill in the art are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (7)
1. A heat exchange structure of a full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container is characterized by comprising a protective shell, an oil tank and a jacket; the protective shell is of a sleeve structure and is sleeved in the middle of the full multi-layer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container, a steel belt layer of the full multi-layer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container is arranged in the protective shell, and a heat-conducting medium is communicated in a gap between the protective shell and the steel belt layer; two saddles are arranged on two sides of the bottom end of the protective shell and used for supporting the full multi-layer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container and the heat exchange structure; the protective shell medium inlet joint and the protective shell medium outlet joint are respectively welded at the left end and the right end of the protective shell, the protective shell medium inlet joint is used for connecting an oil pool, and the protective shell medium outlet joint is connected with an oil tank and a vacuum pump; the jacket is welded outside the protective shell, and a jacket medium inlet and a jacket medium outlet are formed in the jacket.
2. The heat exchange structure of claim 1, wherein the protective shell media inlet fitting is located above the saddle; the protective shell medium inlet joint and the protective shell medium outlet joint are welded above the gap between two adjacent sections of steel strips, so that a medium can be conveniently introduced into the gap between the steel strip layers.
3. The heat exchange structure according to claim 1, wherein the medium introduced into the protective shell is heat conduction oil which is beneficial to heat transfer and does not affect the performance of the steel strip layer.
4. The heat exchange structure according to claim 1, wherein the oil tank is provided with three through holes which are respectively arranged at the upper end, the lower end and the side part of the oil tank; the lower end through hole is welded with a threaded joint which can be connected with a protective shell medium outlet joint through a bolt; the side through hole is a hydrogen leakage detecting opening, and the hydrogen leakage condition between steel belt layers is monitored in real time in the heat exchange process; the upper end through hole is welded with a U-shaped pipe.
5. A heat exchange method using the heat exchange structure according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) calculating the volume of the generated steel band layer gap, calculating the maximum volume difference generated by the heat conduction oil after expanding with heat and contracting with cold according to the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in the using process, determining the volume parameter of the oil tank, namely the volume of the oil tank is not less than the calculated maximum volume difference, and manufacturing the oil tank for subsequent use;
(2) introducing heat conduction oil into the gap of the steel belt layer in the protective shell:
(3) keeping the gap of the steel belt layers to have heat conduction oil, and introducing a heat exchange medium into the jacket for heat exchange;
(4) in the using process, whether hydrogen leakage occurs in the steel belt layer is monitored in real time through a hydrogen leakage detecting port on the oil tank.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the heat transfer oil requires that after the steel strip layer material and the protective shell material are immersed in the heat transfer oil for a proper time, the materials are not corroded and the mechanical properties are not changed.
7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that said step (2) comprises the following sub-steps:
firstly, an outlet valve is arranged on a medium outlet joint of a protective shell and connected with a vacuum pump, an inlet valve is arranged on a medium inlet joint of the protective shell and connected with a transparent plastic connecting pipe, then the transparent plastic connecting pipe is communicated with an oil pool, and in order to ensure that introduced heat conduction oil can be filled in a steel belt layer gap all the time, the oil temperature of the oil pool is not higher than the lowest temperature in the heat exchange process;
opening an inlet valve and an outlet valve, starting a vacuum pump, and operating for a period of time, so that the inlet valve is immediately closed after the transparent plastic connecting pipe is fully immersed in the heat-conducting oil, thereby ensuring that no air interference exists in the process of entering the heat-conducting oil after vacuumizing;
pumping vacuum to the maximum;
opening an inlet valve to enable the heat conduction oil in the oil pool to be filled into the gap of the steel belt layer, and closing the vacuum pump and the inlet valve after the heat conduction oil overflows from the outlet valve;
fifthly, removing the outlet valve, installing an oil tank on the medium outlet joint of the protective shell, removing the inlet valve and the transparent plastic connecting pipe, and adding a plug at the inlet of the inlet valve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010566279.5A CN111879156B (en) | 2020-06-19 | 2020-06-19 | Heat exchange method based on heat exchange structure of full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container |
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| CN202010566279.5A CN111879156B (en) | 2020-06-19 | 2020-06-19 | Heat exchange method based on heat exchange structure of full-multilayer steel high-pressure hydrogen storage container |
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