CN111877017A - 一种防水棉服 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及服装的技术领域，公开了一种防水棉服，包括衣身，所述衣身由防水整理剂整理，所述防水整理剂包括如下重量份数的组分：10‑20份聚氨酯乳液；2‑3份聚四氟乙烯；2‑3份表面活性剂；6‑8份二***；100‑110份去离子水。本发明具有以下优点和效果：选用特定的溶剂二***促进聚氨酯乳液和各组分的均匀混合，形成具有连续性和较大的表面张力的薄膜，形成致密的实心防护层，聚四氟乙烯为疏水性高分子，且具有良好的化学稳定性以及较高的润滑性，有利于实现组分间的均匀混合，提高混合组分的化学稳定性，由此可应对棉服遇到水淋状况吸水变重，影响穿着舒适感的问题，提高棉服的防水性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及服装的技术领域，尤其是涉及一种防水棉服。
背景技术
棉服是指内充以棉花、羽绒等物料，用来御寒的服饰；在寒冷的季节里，棉服成为人们的必备之物；为了便于人们在里层穿着毛衣、保暖内衣等贴身衣物或进行运动，棉服通常比较宽松。
目前，公告号为CN201830934U的专利公开了一种棉服，包括衣身及与衣身一体式连接的衣袖，衣身的正面设有门襟，门襟上设有开合器，在衣身的顶部设有领口，领口上设有竖领，竖领与衣身一体式连接。
上述的技术方案存在以下缺陷：现有的棉服大多不防水，而一旦遇到水淋的情况，棉服很容易吸水变重，同时影响穿着的舒适感，因此目前的棉服仍有待改进。
发明内容
针对相关技术存在的不足，本发明为了应对棉服遇到水淋状况吸水变重，影响穿着舒适感的问题，提供一种防水棉服。
本发明的一种防水棉服提供了如下技术方案：
一种防水棉服，包括衣身，所述衣身由防水整理剂整理，所述防水整理剂包括如下重量份数的组分：
10-20份聚氨酯乳液；
2-3份聚四氟乙烯；
2-3份表面活性剂；
6-8份二***；
100-110份去离子水。
通过采用上述技术方案，选用特定的溶剂二***促进聚氨酯乳液和各组分的均匀混合，以在表面活性剂的存在下形成具有连续性和较大的表面张力的薄膜，形成致密的实心防护层，起到较好的防水作用，避免因溶剂不适用使组分间混合效果不佳，从而影响防水性能的问题；高分子物质分子链中含有一定量的亲水性基团羟基、羧基和氨基，这些基团作为水分子的阶石，水分子由于氢键和其它分子间力，在高湿度一侧吸附水分子，通过大分子键的热运动，由亲水基团传递到低湿度一侧解吸，从而达到透气目的；聚四氟乙烯为疏水性高分子，且具有良好的化学稳定性以及较高的润滑性，有利于实现组分间的均匀混合，提高混合组分的化学稳定性，由此可应对棉服遇到水淋状况吸水变重，影响穿着舒适感的问题，提高棉服防水性能。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：按重量份数计，所述防水整理剂还包括0.2-0.3份丁二酸酐、4-5份聚丙二醇和2-3份硼氨烷。
通过采用上述技术方案，聚丙二醇疏水，且为粘稠液体，以丁二酸酐作为交联剂，硼氨烷在酸酐和水溶液存在的条件下电离，再与聚丙二醇的羟基作用发生交联反应，从而提高成膜后的连续性，且交联形成的聚合物分子可提高乳液成膜后的致密性，从而提升防水整理剂的防水性能。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述表面活性剂为松香酸钠。
通过采用上述技术方案，松香酸钠作为高性能乳化剂，有效辅助聚氨酯乳液和其余组分混合成膜，并形成性能较好的防水膜。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：按重量份数计，所述防水整理剂还包括0.8-1份萘甲酰苯胺和0.1-0.2份苯乙烯。
通过采用上述技术方案，一方面，松香酸钠作为表面活性剂使用，另一方面，松香酸钠具有三苯环结构，更易与具有苯环结构的萘甲酰苯胺反应，且酰胺键可以形成分子内氢键，降低羰基碳原子上的电子密度，从而可提高萘甲酰苯胺的反应活性，以苯乙烯作为交联剂，使松香酸钠和萘甲酰苯胺大分子结构之间形成交联，从而有效提高防水整理剂的组分交联密度和稳定性，并有利于提高成膜后的连续性，继而提升防水效果。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：按重量份数计，所述防水整理剂还包括0.4-0.5份茶皂素。
通过采用上述技术方案，茶皂素由亲水性的糖体和疏水性的配位基及有机酸构成，可改善表面张力，提高防水整理剂在衣身表面的附着能力和湿润展布能力，从而提高防水整理剂的使用效果，延长防水的持效期。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述防水整理剂的制备方法包括如下步骤：
S1.将聚氨酯乳液、表面活性剂和二***搅拌至充分混合，然后加入聚四氟乙烯，搅拌并升温至50-60℃，最后用滴液漏斗加入70-75℃的去离子水，加完后再保温搅拌1-1.5h。
通过采用上述技术方案，制得具有防水功能的防水整理剂，用于喷涂于衣身表面。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述S1中，升温至50-60℃后，再加入萘甲酰苯胺和苯乙烯，保温搅拌0.5-0.6h；接着加入丁二酸酐、聚丙二醇和硼氨烷，保温搅拌0.5-0.6h，最后再加入茶皂素，搅拌均匀后用滴液漏斗加去离子水。
通过采用上述技术方案，在50-60℃条件下促使松香酸钠和萘甲酰苯胺以及聚丙二醇和硼氨烷之间的交联反应的发生，从而达到提高防水效果的目的。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：将所述防水整理剂用电动喷枪喷涂于衣身的表面，再以140-150℃的温度焙烘3-5min，再进行拉幅定型得到防水棉服。
通过采用上述技术方案，采用电动喷枪完成喷涂操作，然后烘干定型得到防水棉服。
综上所述，本发明包括以下至少一种有益技术效果：
1.聚丙二醇疏水，且为粘稠液体，以丁二酸酐作为交联剂，硼氨烷在酸酐和水溶液存在的条件下电离，再与聚丙二醇的羟基作用发生交联反应，从而提高成膜后的连续性，且交联形成的聚合物分子可提高乳液成膜后的致密性，从而提升防水整理剂的防水性能；
2.一方面，将松香酸钠作为表面活性剂使用，另一方面，通过具有三苯环结构的松香酸钠与具有苯环结构的萘甲酰苯胺反应，同时酰胺键可以形成分子内氢键，降低羰基碳原子上的电子密度，提高萘甲酰苯胺的反应活性，以苯乙烯作为交联剂，使松香酸钠和萘甲酰苯胺大分子结构之间形成交联，有效提高防水整理剂的组分交联密度和稳定性，并有利于提高成膜后的连续性，提升防水效果。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本发明中，聚氨酯乳液购于珠海横琴晟昊无机涂料有限公司；聚四氟乙烯购于浙江巨圣氟化学有限公司；茶皂素购于天津市百世化工有限公司。
下列实施例中所用原料除上述特殊说明外均可来源于普通市售。
实施例
实施例1
本发明公开了一种防水棉服，包括衣身，衣身由防水整理剂整理，防水整理剂的制备方法包括如下步骤：
S1.将聚氨酯乳液、表面活性剂和二***搅拌至充分混合，然后加入聚四氟乙烯，搅拌并升温至50℃，再加入萘甲酰苯胺和苯乙烯，保温搅拌0.5h；接着加入丁二酸酐、聚丙二醇和硼氨烷，保温搅拌0.5h，再加入茶皂素搅拌均匀，最后用滴液漏斗加入70℃的去离子水，加完后再保温搅拌1h。
将防水整理剂用电动喷枪喷涂于衣身的表面，再以140℃的温度焙烘3min，再进行拉幅定型得到防水棉服。
防水整理剂的各组分含量如下表1所示。
实施例2
本发明公开了一种防水棉服，包括衣身，衣身由防水整理剂整理，防水整理剂的制备方法包括如下步骤：
S1.将聚氨酯乳液、表面活性剂和二***搅拌至充分混合，然后加入聚四氟乙烯，搅拌并升温至60℃，再加入萘甲酰苯胺和苯乙烯，保温搅拌0.6h；接着加入丁二酸酐、聚丙二醇和硼氨烷，保温搅拌0.6h，再加入茶皂素搅拌均匀，最后用滴液漏斗加入75℃的去离子水，加完后再保温搅拌1.5h。
将防水整理剂用电动喷枪喷涂于衣身的表面，再以150℃的温度焙烘5min，再进行拉幅定型得到防水棉服。
防水整理剂的各组分含量如下表1所示。
实施例3
本发明公开了一种防水棉服，包括衣身，衣身由防水整理剂整理，防水整理剂的制备方法包括如下步骤：
S1.将聚氨酯乳液、表面活性剂和二***搅拌至充分混合，然后加入聚四氟乙烯，搅拌并升温至55℃，再加入萘甲酰苯胺和苯乙烯，保温搅拌0.6h；接着加入丁二酸酐、聚丙二醇和硼氨烷，保温搅拌0.6h，再加入茶皂素搅拌均匀，最后用滴液漏斗加入72℃的去离子水，加完后再保温搅拌1h。
将防水整理剂用电动喷枪喷涂于衣身的表面，再以145℃的温度焙烘4min，再进行拉幅定型得到防水棉服。
防水整理剂的各组分含量如下表1所示。
实施例4
与实施例1的区别在于，将聚丙二醇替换为丙酮，各组分含量如下表1所示。
实施例5
与实施例1的区别在于，将硼氨烷替换为硼酸，各组分含量如下表1所示。
实施例6
与实施例1的区别在于，将表面活性剂松香酸钠替换为十二烷基苯磺酸钠，各组分含量如下表1所示。
实施例7
与实施例1的区别在于，将萘甲酰苯胺替换为乙酰胺，各组分含量如下表1所示。
对比例
对比例1
未经本申请的防水整理剂整理的棉服。
对比例2
与实施例1的区别在于，将二***替换为甲苯，各组分含量如下表1所示。
表1 各实施例和对比例的组分含量表
| 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 | 对比例2 | |
| 聚氨酯乳液 | 10 | 20 | 16 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| 聚四氟乙烯 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 表面活性剂 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 二***/甲苯 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| 去离子水 | 100 | 110 | 104 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| 丁二酸酐 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| 聚丙二醇/丙酮 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| 硼氨烷/硼酸 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| 萘甲酰苯胺/乙酰胺 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| 苯乙烯 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| 茶皂素 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
性能检测试验
1.按照国家标准GB/T 5553-2007测定棉服的表面抗湿性；取20cm×20cm的棉服试样固定在绷架上，使棉服试样形成无皱纹的平滑平面，然后将绷架固定在测定仪的支架上，棉服试样朝上，喷嘴中心对准绷架中央；将250mL、27±1℃的蒸馏水迅速倒入漏斗中，约在25-30s内全部淋完，淋毕立即握住绷架一边轻敲其另一边，然后反转180°再轻敲一次，以除去沾于棉服试样表面的多余水滴；最后以试样的正面与标准沾湿卡对比评级。
标准沾湿卡评分如下：
100分-上层表面没有沾水或润湿；
90分-上层表面有少量水、不规则的沾水或润湿；
80分-上层表面受淋处有润湿；
70分-全部上层表面有部分润湿；
50分-全部上层表面完全润湿；
0分-全部上层表面完全润湿，并且表面下沉；即评分越高，防水性能越好；表面沾湿评分测试结果如下表3所示。
表3 性能测试结果表
| 表面沾湿评分 | |
| 实施例1 | 100 |
| 实施例2 | 100 |
| 实施例3 | 100 |
| 实施例4 | 80 |
| 实施例5 | 85 |
| 实施例6 | 83 |
| 实施例7 | 88 |
| 对比例1 | 0 |
| 对比例2 | 95 |
综上所述，可以得出以下结论：
1.结合表3，根据实施例1-3和对比例1的对比可以看出，经过本申请的防水整理剂整理后的棉服具有较高的防水性能。
2.结合表3，根据实施例1和实施例4的对比可知，聚丙二醇可提高本申请的防水整理剂的防水效果。
3.结合表3，根据实施例1和实施例4-5的对比可知，本申请中，聚丙二醇和硼氨烷具有协同作用，对提高本申请的防水整理剂的防水效果具有显著的作用。
4.结合表3，根据实施例1和实施例6的对比可知，本申请采用松香酸钠作为表面活性剂可提高防水整理剂的防水效果。
5.结合表3，根据实施例1和实施例6-7的对比可知，本申请中，松香酸钠和萘甲酰苯胺具有提高防水整理剂的防水效果的协同作用。
6.结合表3，根据实施例1和对比例2的对比可知，本申请中，采用二***作为溶剂，可促进各组分均匀混合，从而提高防水整理剂的防水性能。
本具体实施方式的实施例均为本发明的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本发明的保护范围，故：凡依本发明的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种防水棉服，包括衣身，其特征在于：所述衣身由防水整理剂整理，所述防水整理剂包括如下重量份数的组分：
10-20份聚氨酯乳液；
2-3份聚四氟乙烯；
2-3份表面活性剂；
6-8份二***；
100-110份去离子水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水棉服，其特征在于：按重量份数计，所述防水整理剂还包括0.2-0.3份丁二酸酐、4-5份聚丙二醇和2-3份硼氨烷。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种防水棉服，其特征在于：所述表面活性剂为松香酸钠。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种防水棉服，其特征在于：按重量份数计，所述防水整理剂还包括0.8-1份萘甲酰苯胺和0.1-0.2份苯乙烯。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种防水棉服，其特征在于：按重量份数计，所述防水整理剂还包括0.4-0.5份茶皂素。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种防水棉服，其特征在于：所述防水整理剂的制备方法包括如下步骤：
S1.将聚氨酯乳液、表面活性剂和二***搅拌至充分混合，然后加入聚四氟乙烯，搅拌并升温至50-60℃，最后用滴液漏斗加入70-75℃的去离子水，加完后再保温搅拌1-1.5h。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种防水棉服，其特征在于：所述S1中，升温至50-60℃后，再加入萘甲酰苯胺和苯乙烯，保温搅拌0.5-0.6h；接着加入丁二酸酐、聚丙二醇和硼氨烷，保温搅拌0.5-0.6h，最后再加入茶皂素，搅拌均匀后用滴液漏斗加去离子水。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水棉服，其特征在于：将所述防水整理剂用电动喷枪喷涂于衣身的表面，再以140-150℃的温度焙烘3-5min，再进行拉幅定型得到防水棉服。
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