CN111875344A - Black-bottom silver drop building cup firing process - Google Patents
Black-bottom silver drop building cup firing process Download PDFInfo
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a firing process of black-bottom silver building cup, which comprises the following steps: preparing a blank body and glaze slip; glazing, namely putting the glazed and dried blank into an electric kiln for roasting. The invention adopts the raw ore and other natural materials to prepare the blank and the glaze, the blank can withstand high-temperature firing, and the deformation and the bubble defect are few. The fired cup has black and bright glaze and good vitrification effect, and meanwhile, oil drop crystal spots are uniformly dispersed on the glaze, the crystal spots are rich in color, the bottom oil drop crystal spot is blue, the middle oil drop crystal spot is silver (the middle area is the main area), the oil drop crystal spot at the edge of the mouth is golden, and the oil drop crystal spot is clear, glittering and translucent, transparent and flexible as a whole, and has extremely high ornamental value and artistic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of porcelain, in particular to a firing process for black-bottom silver building cup.
Background
The cup is an art garden wonderful flower and a black porcelain gorgeous chapter on the Chinese ceramic history. The cup-shaped building produced in the Songyuan Fujian kiln is famous for the world due to the change of the magnificent glaze color, the exquisite technological level and the excellent artistic level.
The cup is aimed at the natural artistic effect, and the glaze color pattern of the cup is not artificially drawn but formed under the strict formula process, the special firing atmosphere and the firing temperature curve thereof, and the three are all absent. The artistic effect formed by the built cup has no feeling of being carved by people at all, and is completely the embodiment of the intrinsic aesthetic feeling of the product.
At present, in the firing process of oil drop building cup, the firing difficulty is very high, the control of a formula, a firing atmosphere, a temperature curve and the like is often difficult to master, and the following defects are often generated: the blank body is cracked and deformed, the glaze is stuck to the bottom, oil drops are not displayed or are not clear, oil drop crystal spots are shriveled and exploded, the oil drop crystal spots are dark, the oil drops are strange and different in shape, the oil drops are distributed too thinly and unevenly pulled or too compactly connected into one piece, and the yield is very low (generally 20-50%).
If the building cup with the defects is burnt out, the building cup belongs to waste products, is generally smashed and cannot flow into the market, and therefore, waste of electric power resources and huge mineral resources (most of raw materials in the blank and the glaze belong to mineral resources) and waste of labor cost can be caused.
Therefore, there is a need in the art to develop a firing process with a good appearance and a high yield.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a firing process of black-bottom silver drops, which has clear process flow, beautiful speckles of the fired cup oil drops and higher yield.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the firing process of the black-bottom silver drop building cup is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a blank body and glaze slip;
the green body is prepared by the following method: drying loess, field mud and kaolin in the sun, mixing 7 parts by weight of loess, 2 parts by weight of field mud and 1 part by weight of kaolin, crushing, elutriating, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, precipitating, filter-pressing, refining mud, aging for 3 months, pulling into a green body, drying, trimming, molding, drying again, and firing to obtain a green body;
in the step, the dried loess, field mud and kaolin are taken for proportioning, so that the method is more accurate; wherein, loess, field mud and kaolin are all taken from the city shop village of the city of Wuyi of Fujian province, the iron content of loess is higher, the field mud is favorable to the body shaping, the kaolin is high temperature resistant to fire, the body that so makes withstands high temperature to fire, and deformation and foaming defect are few.
The glaze slip is prepared by the following method: calcining the glaze ore at 900 ℃ for 2h to volatilize volatile impurities, adding water for grinding, precipitating and airing to obtain glaze ore powder; then mixing 100 parts by weight of glaze ore powder, 30 parts by weight of plant ash and 10 parts by weight of ochre to obtain a mixture, and then mixing the mixture, water and a grinding medium in a ratio of 1: 1.2: adding the mixture into a ball mill according to the weight ratio of 0.8, grinding for 12 hours, and then sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain glaze slurry;
one half of the glaze ore is taken from the Jianyang area in Nanping City of Fujian province, and the other half is taken from the Xianhou village in Wuyi mountain city of Fujian province.
The iron content of the ocher is high (reaching 50-60%), the firing temperature can be improved, and the jian calendula oil drops are round and moist.
The preparation method of the plant ash comprises the following steps: taking raw limestone and dried phoenix-tail fern, stacking and laying at intervals according to the weight ratio of 1:5, burning, collecting ash, elutriating, precipitating, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, and drying to obtain phoenix-tail fern ash, wherein the phoenix-tail fern ash and pine ash are mixed in equal amount to obtain the plant ash.
In the plant ash, the phoenix-tail plant ash enables the glaze fluidity to be high, the pine ash enables the glaze fluidity to be low, and the phoenix-tail plant ash and the pine ash are mixed in equal amount, so that the proper glaze fluidity can be obtained, and meanwhile, the glaze surface is well vitrified;
the grinding medium is cobblestone, and the cobblestone is taken from the Japanese creek bank of the city of Wuyeshan of Fujian province. The particle size of the cobblestones is 3-5 cm; after grinding, the cobblestones account for 90-92% of the original weight; the blending of cobblestones in the glaze slip can enhance the glaze effect, and the glaze has black and transparent ground color, high cleanliness and good vitrification.
(2) Glazing: pouring the glaze slip into the body, staying for 5-7s, reversely buckling the body, soaking in the glaze slip for 5-7s, not glazing the outer bottom of the body, and drying in the air;
(3) putting the glazed and dried green body into an electric kiln for roasting, wherein the roasting is carried out by the following stages:
the first stage is as follows: the furnace temperature is increased to 300 ℃ from the normal temperature after 2.5 hours;
and a second stage: the furnace temperature is increased to 1000 ℃ from 300 ℃ after 4 hours; at this stage, the firewood feeding hole is opened, and the structural water in the blank glaze is released;
and a third stage: sealing the firewood feeding hole, heating the furnace for 5h from 1000 ℃ to 1350 ℃; in this stage, when the furnace temperature is 1000 deg.C, 1100 deg.C, 1200 deg.C, 1300 deg.C, the furnace door is opened by 0.2cm gap, opened for 5min and then closed; at this stage, the decomposed matter in the blank glaze can be fully decomposed, and the gas in the kiln can be released by the intermittently opened furnace door.
A fourth stage: cutting off the power and stopping the furnace, reducing the furnace temperature to 1300 ℃, then electrifying, and increasing the furnace temperature to 1350 ℃ after 0.5h, wherein the temperature difference of the inner cavity of the furnace can be further reduced; keeping the temperature at 1350 ℃ for 2h, and ensuring the temperature of the inner cavity of the kiln to be uniform, thereby being beneficial to improving the yield.
The fifth stage: then, the power is cut off, diesel oil is fed from a diesel feeding hole, and the diesel oil is fed once every 4min for 3 times; 80g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time; lowering the furnace temperature to 1250 ℃, electrifying, raising the furnace temperature to 1350 ℃ after 20min, and feeding the diesel oil from the diesel oil feeding holes once every 3min for 5 times in the state of keeping the temperature of 1350 ℃; 100g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time;
at this stage, the glaze of the building cup has more oil drop crystal spots which are uniformly distributed, the bottom oil drop crystal spots are blue, the middle oil drop crystal spots are silver (the middle area is the main area), the oil drop crystal spots at the edge of the mouth are golden, and the oil drop crystal spots are clear, glittering, translucent and flexible.
The sixth stage: after the firewood feeding, the power is cut off, the furnace temperature is naturally cooled to 1050 ℃, the firewood is fed from the firewood feeding hole, and the firewood feeding is carried out once every 6min for 3 times; 50g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time;
at this stage, the edge of the cup is moist, the cup is not dry, and the glaze is black, moist and bright.
A seventh stage: naturally cooling, cooling and discharging;
the firewood in the fifth stage and the sixth stage is drenched by water, and immediately the firewood is thrown after the drenching is finished. The smoke and steam generated by the combustion of the diesel oil can keep a good atmosphere in the furnace, and the oil drop crystal specks cannot be shriveled and exploded after being formed. After the firewood is thrown for 20s each time, the firewood throwing port is blocked, the smoke in the furnace is discharged, the glaze surface is clean and not turbid, and the smoke choking carbon deposition is not easy to occur.
Preferably, the field mud is 0.8-1m deep field mud.
In another embodiment, ocher of the step (1) is replaced with loess.
Preferably, the bisque firing temperature of the step (1) is 800 ℃ and the firing time is 6 hours.
Preferably, the glazing thickness of the step (2) is 0.5-0.8 mm.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts the raw ore and other natural materials to prepare the blank and the glaze, the blank can withstand high-temperature firing, and the deformation and the bubble defect are few. The fired cup has black and bright glaze and good vitrification effect, and meanwhile, oil drop crystal spots are uniformly dispersed on the glaze, the crystal spots are rich in color, the bottom oil drop crystal spot is blue, the middle oil drop crystal spot is silver (the middle area is the main area), the oil drop crystal spot at the edge of the mouth is golden, the oil drop crystal spot is clear, glittering and translucent and flexible, and the cup has extremely high ornamental value and artistic value;
2. the invention has the advantages of clear process flow, easy control, good stability and higher yield.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing an example of the cup according to example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The firing process of the black-bottom silver building cup comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a blank body and glaze slip;
the green body is prepared by the following method: drying loess, field mud and kaolin in the sun, mixing 7 parts by weight of loess, 2 parts by weight of field mud and 1 part by weight of kaolin, crushing, elutriating, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, precipitating, filter-pressing, refining mud, aging for 3 months, pulling into a green body, drying, trimming, molding, drying again, and firing to obtain a green body; the bisque firing temperature is 800 ℃, and the firing time is 6 hours.
The glaze slip is prepared by the following method: calcining the glaze ore at 900 ℃ for 2h, then adding water, grinding, precipitating and airing to obtain glaze ore powder; then mixing 100 parts by weight of glaze ore powder, 30 parts by weight of plant ash and 10 parts by weight of ochre to obtain a mixture, and then mixing the mixture, water and a grinding medium in a ratio of 1: 1.2: adding the mixture into a ball mill according to the weight ratio of 0.8, grinding for 12 hours, and then sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain glaze slurry;
the preparation method of the plant ash comprises the following steps: taking raw limestone and dried phoenix-tail fern, stacking and laying at intervals according to the weight ratio of 1:5, burning, collecting ash, elutriating, precipitating, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, and drying to obtain phoenix-tail fern ash, wherein the phoenix-tail fern ash and pine ash are mixed in equal amount to obtain plant ash;
the grinding medium is cobblestones; the particle size of the cobblestones is 3-5 cm; after grinding, the cobblestones account for 90-92% of the original weight;
wherein the loess, field mud and kaolin are all taken from Xian shop of Wuyi mountain city of Fujian province, and the field mud is 0.8-1m deep. Half of the glaze ore is taken from the Jianyang area in Nanping City of Fujian province, and the other half is taken from the Xianhou village in Wuyeshan City of Fujian province; the cobblestone is taken from the Japanese creek bank of the city of Wuqu mountain of Fujian province;
the glaze ore is taken from a building sunny region and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2262-65％，Al2O318-23％，Fe2O39-12% and the balance of trace elements.
The glaze ore is taken from the city village and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2258-63％，Al2O318-23％，Fe2O36-9% and the balance of trace elements.
(2) Glazing: pouring the glaze slip into the body, staying for 5-7s, reversely buckling the body, soaking in the glaze slip for 5-7s, not glazing the outer bottom of the body, and drying in the air; the glazing thickness is 0.5-0.8 mm.
(3) Putting the glazed and dried green body into an electric kiln for roasting, wherein the roasting is carried out by the following stages:
the first stage is as follows: the furnace temperature is increased to 300 ℃ from the normal temperature after 2.5 hours;
and a second stage: the furnace temperature is increased to 1000 ℃ from 300 ℃ after 4 hours; at this stage, the firewood feeding hole is opened;
and a third stage: sealing the firewood feeding hole, heating the furnace for 5h from 1000 ℃ to 1350 ℃; in this stage, when the furnace temperature is 1000 deg.C, 1100 deg.C, 1200 deg.C, 1300 deg.C, the furnace door is opened by 0.2cm gap, opened for 5min and then closed;
a fourth stage: cutting off the power, stopping the furnace, reducing the furnace temperature to 1300 ℃, then electrifying, increasing the furnace temperature to 1350 ℃ after 0.5h, and keeping the temperature of 1350 ℃ for 2 h;
the fifth stage: then, the power is cut off, diesel oil is fed from a diesel feeding hole, and the diesel oil is fed once every 4min for 3 times; 80g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time; lowering the furnace temperature to 1250 ℃, electrifying, raising the furnace temperature to 1350 ℃ after 20min, and feeding the diesel oil from the diesel oil feeding holes once every 3min for 5 times in the state of keeping the temperature of 1350 ℃; 100g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time;
the sixth stage: after the firewood feeding, the power is cut off, the furnace temperature is naturally cooled to 1050 ℃, the firewood is fed from the firewood feeding hole, and the firewood feeding is carried out once every 6min for 3 times; 50g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time;
a seventh stage: naturally cooling, cooling and discharging;
and in the fifth stage and the sixth stage, the firewood is sprayed with water, the firewood is immediately fed after the spraying is finished, and the firewood feeding port is closed after the firewood feeding is finished for 20s each time.
The space in the kiln used in this example was about 0.8 cubic meter, and the area of the kiln door was about 0.8 square meter (length 1m, width 0.8 m).
And (3) building 20 cups in the kiln, and obtaining 17 finished building cups after firing and discharging, wherein the yield is 85%.
The firewood of the invention, also called pine root, pine root and pine wood, is rich in turpentine and can be burnt violently at high temperature. The diesel is thrown from the diesel-throwing hole, if no special description is provided, the diesel-throwing hole is opened only when the diesel is thrown, and is closed at other times. The diameter of the hole opening of the firewood feeding hole is 10-15 cm.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that: and (2) replacing ocher in the glaze slip preparation in the step (1) with loess, wherein the loess is taken from the Xianhui village in Wuyi mountain city in Fujian province.
Example 3 and example 4
The cup is very sensitive to the preparation process parameters, and the small range change of the process parameters can cause great adverse effect on the characteristics of the cup, such as the appearance and the like of the final product, even cause the cup to fail in preparation, so the requirement of the cup on the preparation process is very strict. The embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 are used for preparing the cup according to the preparation process the same as the embodiment 1, the characteristics of the cup prepared by the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 are basically similar to the cup prepared by the embodiment 1, and the yield is approximately the same, and the result shows that the cup prepared by the preparation process of the embodiment 1 has high yield, and the method has good repeatability, strong stability and easy large-scale production.
Evaluation of black silver Tanbian
The black matrix silver paste prepared in the example 1 is shown in fig. 1, and the green body and the glaze material prepared by matching raw ore with other natural materials are adopted in the invention, so that the green body can withstand high-temperature firing, and the deformation and the bubble defect are few. The fired cup has black and bright glaze and good vitrification effect, and meanwhile, oil drop crystal spots are uniformly dispersed on the glaze, the crystal spots are rich in color, the bottom oil drop crystal spot is blue, the middle oil drop crystal spot is silver (the middle area is the main area), the oil drop crystal spot at the edge of the mouth is golden, and the oil drop crystal spot is clear, glittering and translucent, transparent and flexible as a whole, and has extremely high ornamental value and artistic value.
In the process of preparing the black bottom silver building cup, the inventor prepares the beautiful black bottom silver building cup through a large amount of experimental screening and optimization such as raw material components of a blank glaze, a blank glaze preparation method, a firing curve in the roasting process, the addition amount of diesel oil, the addition time and the like.
The cup is very sensitive to the preparation process parameters, and the small range change of the process parameters can also cause great adverse effects on the characteristics of the cup finished product, such as appearance, and the like, and the specific steps are as follows:
comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: step (1), specifically:
the preparation method of the plant ash comprises the following steps: taking raw limestone and dried phoenix-tail fern, stacking and laying at intervals according to the weight ratio of 1:5, burning, collecting ash, elutriating, precipitating, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, and drying to obtain phoenix-tail fern ash, namely plant ash;
the cup obtained by the comparative example is easy to produce running glaze and bottom sticking, and the rejection rate is high.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that: step (1), specifically:
the glaze ore is not pretreated, and the glaze slip is prepared by the following method: mixing 100 parts by weight of glaze ore, 30 parts by weight of plant ash and 10 parts by weight of ochre to obtain a mixture, and then mixing the mixture, water and a grinding medium in a ratio of 1: 1.2: adding the mixture into a ball mill according to the weight ratio of 0.8, grinding for 12 hours, and then sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain glaze slurry;
compared with the building cup obtained in the comparative example 1, the glaze surface is slightly turbid in ground color and not pure enough.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that: step (1), specifically:
and (2) replacing ocher in the glaze slip preparation in the step (1) with iron red.
Compared with the cup obtained in the comparative example 1, the oil drop crystal spots are not smooth enough, and the shape of the oil drop crystal spots is irregular.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 differs from example 1 in that: step (1), specifically:
the grinding medium is alumina grinding balls;
compared with the building cup obtained in the comparative example 1, the glaze surface is slightly turbid and dark in ground color and not transparent enough.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 differs from example 1 in that: the fifth and sixth stages of step (3) are specifically:
the firewood in the fifth stage and the sixth stage is directly thrown without being wetted by water;
the cup-shaped oil drop obtained by the comparative example has high crystal plaque explosion rate, and the oil drop crystal is not bright and has high defective rate.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 differs from example 1 in that: the fifth and sixth stages of step (3) are specifically:
and in the fifth stage and the sixth stage, the firewood is wetted by water, the firewood is immediately fed after the wetting, and the firewood feeding port is closed after the firewood feeding.
The glaze of the building cup obtained by the comparative example is cloudy and not clean enough compared with the glaze of the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 7
Comparative example 7 differs from example 1 in that: the sixth stage of the step (3) is specifically as follows:
the sixth stage: after the firewood feeding, the power is cut off, the furnace temperature is naturally cooled to 1100 ℃, the firewood is fed from the firewood feeding hole, and the firewood feeding is carried out once every 6min for 3 times; 50g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time;
the calendula officinalis oil drops obtained by the comparative example have the advantages of protruding crystal spots, poor vitrification and unsmooth hand feeling.
Comparative example 8
Comparative example 8 differs from example 1 in that: the fifth stage of the step (3) is specifically as follows:
the fifth stage: then, the power is cut off, diesel oil is fed from a diesel feeding hole, and the diesel oil is fed once every 4min for 3 times; 100g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time; lowering the furnace temperature to 1250 ℃, electrifying, raising the furnace temperature to 1350 ℃ after 20min, and feeding the diesel oil from the diesel oil feeding holes once every 3min for 5 times in the state of keeping the temperature of 1350 ℃; 80g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time;
the bottom oil drop crystal specks of the cup inside the cup are sparse, and the aesthetic feeling is influenced.
Comparative example 9
Comparative example 9 differs from example 1 in that: the fifth stage of the step (3) is specifically as follows:
the fifth stage: then, the power is cut off, diesel oil is fed from a diesel feeding hole, and the diesel oil is fed once every 4min for 3 times; 80g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time; reducing the furnace temperature to 1250 ℃, and feeding the firewood from the firewood feeding holes once every 3min for 5 times; 100g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time;
the calendula officinalis oil drops obtained by the comparative example are single in color, are yellow-gray oil drops, have no layering sense and are not beautiful enough.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The firing process of the black-bottom silver drop building cup is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a blank body and glaze slip;
the green body is prepared by the following method: drying loess, field mud and kaolin in the sun, mixing 7 parts by weight of loess, 2 parts by weight of field mud and 1 part by weight of kaolin, crushing, elutriating, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, precipitating, filter-pressing, refining mud, aging for 3 months, pulling into a green body, drying, trimming, molding, drying again, and firing to obtain a green body;
the glaze slip is prepared by the following method: calcining the glaze ore at 900 ℃ for 2h, then adding water, grinding, precipitating and airing to obtain glaze ore powder; then mixing 100 parts by weight of glaze ore powder, 30 parts by weight of plant ash and 10 parts by weight of ochre to obtain a mixture, and then mixing the mixture, water and a grinding medium in a ratio of 1: 1.2: adding the mixture into a ball mill according to the weight ratio of 0.8, grinding for 12 hours, and then sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain glaze slurry;
the preparation method of the plant ash comprises the following steps: taking raw limestone and dried phoenix-tail fern, stacking and laying at intervals according to the weight ratio of 1:5, burning, collecting ash, elutriating, precipitating, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, and drying to obtain phoenix-tail fern ash, wherein the phoenix-tail fern ash and pine ash are mixed in equal amount to obtain plant ash;
the grinding medium is cobblestones; the particle size of the cobblestones is 3-5 cm; after grinding, the cobblestones account for 90-92% of the original weight;
wherein the loess, field mud and kaolin are all taken from Xian shop in Wu Yi mountain City of Fujian province; half of the glaze ore is taken from the Jianyang area in Nanping City of Fujian province, and the other half is taken from the Xianhou village in Wuyeshan City of Fujian province; the cobblestone is taken from the Japanese creek bank of the city of Wuqu mountain of Fujian province;
(2) glazing: pouring the glaze slip into the blank body, staying for 5-7s, reversely buckling the blank body, soaking in the glaze slip for 5-7s, and airing without glazing the outer bottom of the blank body;
(3) putting the glazed and dried green body into an electric kiln for roasting, wherein the roasting is carried out by the following stages:
the first stage is as follows: the furnace temperature is increased to 300 ℃ from the normal temperature after 2.5 hours;
and a second stage: the furnace temperature is increased to 1000 ℃ from 300 ℃ after 4 hours; at this stage, the firewood feeding hole is opened;
and a third stage: sealing the firewood feeding hole, heating the furnace for 5h from 1000 ℃ to 1350 ℃; in this stage, when the furnace temperature is 1000 deg.C, 1100 deg.C, 1200 deg.C, 1300 deg.C, the furnace door is opened by 0.2cm gap, opened for 5min and then closed;
a fourth stage: cutting off the power, stopping the furnace, reducing the furnace temperature to 1300 ℃, then electrifying, increasing the furnace temperature to 1350 ℃ after 0.5h, and keeping the temperature of 1350 ℃ for 2 h;
the fifth stage: then, the power is cut off, diesel oil is fed from a diesel feeding hole, and the diesel oil is fed once every 4min for 3 times; 80g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time; lowering the furnace temperature to 1250 ℃, electrifying, raising the furnace temperature to 1350 ℃ after 20min, and feeding firewood from the firewood feeding holes under the heat preservation state of 1350 ℃, wherein the firewood feeding is performed once every 3min and 5 times, and 100g of firewood is fed into a furnace space with the use amount of 0.1 cubic meter each time;
the sixth stage: after the firewood feeding, the power is cut off, the furnace temperature is naturally cooled to 1050 ℃, the firewood is fed from the firewood feeding hole, and the firewood feeding is carried out once every 6min for 3 times; 50g of diesel oil is put in the kiln space with the dosage of 0.1 cubic meter each time;
a seventh stage: naturally cooling, cooling and discharging;
and in the fifth stage and the sixth stage, the firewood is sprayed with water, the firewood is immediately fed after the spraying is finished, and the firewood feeding port is closed after the firewood feeding is finished for 20s each time.
2. The black matrix silver paste firing process of claim 1, wherein: the field mud is 0.8-1m deep field mud.
3. The black matrix silver paste firing process of claim 1, wherein: and (2) replacing the ocher in the step (1) with loess.
4. The black matrix silver paste firing process of claim 1, wherein: the bisque firing temperature in the step (1) is 800 ℃, and the firing time is 6 hours.
5. The black matrix silver paste firing process of claim 1, wherein: the glazing thickness of the step (2) is 0.5-0.8 mm.
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| CN115521069A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2022-12-27 | 新明珠集团股份有限公司 | Matte glaze, super-flat and fine glazed tile and preparation method thereof |
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