CN111872373B - Ceramic metal powder and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic metal powder and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111872373B CN111872373B CN202010800459.5A CN202010800459A CN111872373B CN 111872373 B CN111872373 B CN 111872373B CN 202010800459 A CN202010800459 A CN 202010800459A CN 111872373 B CN111872373 B CN 111872373B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a ceramic metal powder and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of 3D printing. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the nano ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension to enable the nano ceramic powder to be uniformly adhered to the surface of the metal powder. The nano ceramic powder and the metal powder are set into a suspension liquid form and then mixed, so that the nano phase can be effectively and uniformly adhered to the surface of the metal powder, and the nano phase is uniformly distributed, cracks are reduced, stress concentration is reduced, segregation is avoided and the like in the selective laser melting forming process while the characteristics of the morphology, the granularity and the fluidity of the metal powder are not changed. In addition, the method can solve the defects of long period and high cost of the existing new material which is developed and suitable for the SLM technology. The ceramic metal powder prepared by the method has good fluidity and high sphericity, and is particularly suitable for the selective laser melting technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to ceramic metal powder and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The ceramic/metal composite material has excellent ductility, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of a metal material, and simultaneously has high hardness and wear resistance of a ceramic material, and the product is widely applied to various fields of aerospace, energy, automobiles, electromechanics and the like, and brings great economic benefits. With the great development and progress of industrial technology, the requirements on the structure and performance of the composite material are more and more strict, and the traditional forming technology cannot meet the requirements. The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is the most widely applied metal 3D printing technology at present, has the characteristics of high dimensional precision, good surface quality, excellent performance of formed parts and the like, and is widely concerned and researched at home and abroad at present.
However, because the ceramic/metal composite powder applicable to the SLM technology has high requirements on flowability and sphericity and high manufacturing cost, the application of the SLM additive manufacturing technology and ceramic/metal products thereof is limited, especially for metal alloys with poor welding performance, some weldable metals and alloys thereof are generally required to be added in order to avoid the occurrence of hot cracks in the SLM forming process, and the development of a novel metal alloy applicable to the SLM technology has long period and high cost, thereby further limiting the application of the SLM additive manufacturing technology. Therefore, in order to adapt to the development of modern industrial manufacturing and high-end application, the research and development of the ceramic/metal powder suitable for the SLM technology and the preparation method thereof have important significance.
The conventional methods for preparing ceramic/metal powder suitable for the SLM technique include an air atomization method, a spray granulation method, and the like.
The gas atomization powder-making technology utilizes high-speed gas flow to act on molten liquid flow, and gas kinetic energy is converted into melt surface energy, so that fine liquid drops are formed and solidified into powder particles. The powder prepared by the technology has good fluidity, high sphericity and low oxygen content, but has high cost and is not suitable for developing new products.
The spray granulation method is a method of spraying a liquid material into a counter-current or co-current air flow to transfer heat and substances between liquid droplets and air, thereby producing spherical particles. The powder obtained is generally spherical, has good fluidity and low water content, but in some cases, the obtained particles can generate square, annular, hollow spheres and the like.
In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide ceramic metal powder and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problems.
The application is realized as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a ceramic metal powder, comprising the steps of: mixing the nano ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension to enable the nano ceramic powder to be uniformly adhered to the surface of the metal powder.
In an alternative embodiment, the preparation of the nanoceramic powder suspension comprises: mixing the nano ceramic powder with a first organic solvent.
In an alternative embodiment, the raw material of the nano ceramic powder includes at least one of an oxide ceramic and a non-oxide ceramic.
In an alternative embodiment, the non-oxide ceramic comprises TiB 2 、TiC、SiC、Si 3 N 4 At least one of AlN and carbon nanotubes.
In an alternative embodiment, the oxide ceramic comprises alumina, zirconia, Y 2 O 3 And La 2 O 3 At least one of (1).
In an alternative embodiment, the particle size of the nano ceramic powder is greater than 0 and not more than 100 nm.
In an alternative embodiment, the volume ratio of the nano-ceramic powder to the first organic solvent is 1 to 25: 100.
in alternative embodiments, the first organic solvent is ethanol or an aqueous ethanol solution.
In an alternative embodiment, the concentration of ethanol in the aqueous ethanol solution of the first organic solvent is greater than 0vt% and not more than 50 vt%.
In an alternative embodiment, the mixed nano-ceramic powder and first organic solvent are ultrasonically dispersed.
In an alternative embodiment, the ultrasonic dispersion time is 15-30 min.
In an alternative embodiment, the ultrasonic dispersion mode is intermittent ultrasound; preferably, the cessation is for 2.5-3.5min per sonication for 4.5-5.5min, more preferably for 3min per sonication for 5 min.
In an alternative embodiment, the preparation of the metal powder suspension comprises: the metal alloy powder is mixed with a second organic solvent.
In an alternative embodiment, the material of the metal alloy powder comprises at least one of an aluminum-based alloy material, an iron-based alloy material, and a nickel-based alloy material.
In an alternative embodiment, the metal alloy powder has a particle size of 5 to 100 μm.
In an alternative embodiment, the volume ratio of the metal alloy powder to the second organic solvent is 20-60: 100.
In alternative embodiments, the second organic solvent is ethanol or an aqueous ethanol solution.
In an alternative embodiment, the concentration of ethanol in the aqueous ethanol solution of the second organic solvent is greater than 0vt% and not more than 50 vt%.
In an alternative embodiment, the preparing of the metal powder suspension further comprises: after the metal alloy powder is mixed with the second organic solvent, the metal alloy powder is subjected to surface modification.
In an alternative embodiment, a surface modifier is added to the mixed solution of the metal alloy powder and the second organic solvent.
In an alternative embodiment, the surface modifier is added in an amount greater than 0% and not greater than 5% by weight based on the mass of the mixed liquid of the metal alloy powder and the second organic solvent.
In an alternative embodiment, the surface modifying agent comprises at least one of sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene glycol, and a silane coupling agent.
In an alternative embodiment, the metal powder suspension is added to the nanoceramic powder suspension and mixed.
In an alternative embodiment, the nanoceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension are mixed under centrifugal conditions.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 100-.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises adding a binder during the mixing process of the nano ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension.
In an alternative embodiment, the binder is added in an amount of more than 0% and not more than 5% by mass based on the mass of the mixed suspension of the ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension.
In an alternative embodiment, the binder comprises at least one of polyvinyl alcohol and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises concentrating the mixed suspension of the nano ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension, and then drying.
In an alternative embodiment, concentration is carried out by rotary evaporation.
In an alternative embodiment, after drying, further sieving is included.
In a second aspect, the present application also provides a ceramic metal powder prepared by the preparation method.
In an alternative embodiment, the ceramic-metal powder has a flowability of 5 to 50s/50g, such as 10 to 25s/50 g.
In a third aspect, the present application further provides an application of the ceramic metal powder in a selective laser melting technology.
The beneficial effect of this application includes:
according to the method, the nano ceramic powder and the metal powder are set to be in a suspension form and then mixed, so that the nano phase can be effectively and uniformly adhered to the surface of the metal powder, and the nano phase is uniformly distributed, cracks are reduced, stress concentration is reduced, segregation is avoided and the like in the selective laser melting forming process while the characteristics of the morphology, the granularity and the flowability of the metal powder are not changed. In addition, the method can solve the defects of long period and high cost of the existing new material which is developed and suitable for the SLM technology. The ceramic metal powder prepared by the method has good fluidity and high sphericity, and is particularly suitable for the selective laser melting technology.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graphical representation of the nickel 625 powder feedstock of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of the nickel 625 powder raw material in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a morphology chart of the TiB2/Ni625 composite powder prepared in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a particle size distribution diagram of a TiB2/Ni625 composite powder prepared in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a morphology chart of TiB2/Ni625 composite powder prepared in comparative example;
FIG. 6 shows the case of example 1 without TiB 2 The microstructure SEM image of the Ni625 alloy after SLM printing;
FIG. 7 is an SEM image of the microstructure of the TiB2/Ni625 composite powder of example 1 after SLM printing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The ceramic metal powder provided by the present application, and the preparation method and application thereof are specifically described below.
The application provides a preparation method of ceramic metal powder, which comprises the following steps: mixing the nano ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension to enable the nano ceramic powder to be uniformly adhered to the surface of the metal powder.
The nano ceramic powder and the metal powder are arranged into a suspension liquid form and then mixed, so that the nano phase can be effectively and uniformly adhered to the surface of the metal powder, and the nano phase is uniformly distributed, cracks are reduced, stress concentration is reduced, segregation is avoided and the like in the selective laser melting forming process while the characteristics of the shape, the granularity and the fluidity of the metal powder are not changed.
In an alternative embodiment, the preparation of the nano ceramic powder suspension may include, for example: mixing the nano ceramic powder with a first organic solvent.
The raw material of the nano ceramic powder can comprise at least one of oxide ceramic and non-oxide ceramic. Wherein the oxide ceramic may include, but is not limited to, alumina, zirconia, Y 2 O 3 And La 2 O 3 May include, but is not limited to, TiB 2 、TiC、SiC、Si 3 N 4 At least one of AlN and carbon nanotubes.
In an alternative embodiment, the nano ceramic powder has a particle size greater than 0 and not greater than 100nm, and the ceramic powder at this particle size is more suitable for SML technology.
In an alternative embodiment, the volume ratio of the nano-ceramic powder to the first organic solvent may be 1 to 25:100, such as 1:100, 5:100, 10:100, 15:100, 20:100 or 25:100, etc.
The first organic solvent may be, by reference, ethanol (i.e. pure ethanol) or an aqueous ethanol solution, the concentration of ethanol in the aqueous ethanol solution preferably being greater than 0vt% and not more than 50 vt%. Furthermore, the above-mentioned ethanol may also be replaced by other organic agents having similar properties.
It is worth noting that the concentration of ethanol in the ethanol water solution is preferably not more than 50vt% at most, so that the nano ceramic powder can obtain better dispersion effect at lower cost.
Further, the mixed nano ceramic powder and the first organic solvent are subjected to ultrasonic dispersion, so that the nano ceramic powder is uniformly dispersed in the nano ceramic powder suspension.
The ultrasonic dispersion time may be 15-30min, as a reference. Preferably, the ultrasonic dispersion is intermittent ultrasonic, i.e. 4.5-5.5min per ultrasonic, and the ultrasonic is stopped for 2.5-3.5min, for example, 5min per ultrasonic and 3 min.
In an alternative embodiment, the preparation of the metal powder suspension may include: the metal alloy powder is mixed with a second organic solvent.
Wherein the material of the metal alloy powder may include at least one of an aluminum-based alloy material, an iron-based alloy material, and a nickel-based alloy material.
In an alternative embodiment, the metal alloy powder has a particle size of 5-100 μm, and micron-sized metal alloy powder can have good fluidity and is easy to spread.
In an alternative embodiment, the volume ratio of the metal alloy powder to the second organic solvent may be 20-60: 100.
The second organic solvent may also be, by reference, ethanol (i.e. pure ethanol) or an aqueous ethanol solution. The concentration of ethanol in the aqueous ethanol solution is also preferably greater than 0vt% and not more than 50 vt%. Furthermore, the above-mentioned ethanol may also be replaced by other organic agents having similar properties.
It is to be noted that the concentration of ethanol in the above-mentioned aqueous ethanol solution is preferably not more than 50vt% at the maximum.
In some preferred embodiments, the preparing of the metal powder suspension further comprises: after the metal alloy powder is mixed with the second organic solvent, the metal alloy powder is subjected to surface modification.
And (3) dispersing the metal alloy powder in a second organic solvent, adding the surface modifier, and stirring to obtain a metal powder suspension. The addition amount of the surface modifier may be set to be more than 0% and not more than 5% by mass of the mixed liquid of the metal alloy powder and the second organic solvent.
The surface modifier is added into the metal alloy powder, so that the surface property of the metal alloy can be modified, and the physical adsorption of the nano ceramic powder on the surface of the metal alloy powder is facilitated.
It is worth to say that the shape, the grain diameter and the fluidity of the modified metal alloy powder are not changed.
In alternative embodiments, the surface modifying agent may include, but is not limited to, at least one of sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene glycol, and a silane coupling agent.
In some alternative embodiments, it is preferable to add the metal powder suspension to the nano-ceramic powder suspension for mixing. The mixing sequence is that the metal powder suspension and the nano ceramic powder suspension are simultaneously mixed or the nano ceramic powder suspension is added into the metal powder suspension, so that the nano ceramic powder can be uniformly coated on the surface of the alloy powder.
In an alternative embodiment, the nanoceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension may be mixed under centrifugation conditions. The rotation speed of the centrifugation can be 100-.
Furthermore, a binder can be added in the mixing process of the nano ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension. The binder may include, but is not limited to, at least one of polyvinyl alcohol and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
The addition of the adhesive can further promote the adhesion of the nano ceramic powder to the surface of the metal powder by combining with the Van der Waals force of the nano powder.
In an alternative embodiment, the binder is preferably added in an amount of more than 0% and not more than 5% by mass based on the mass of the mixed suspension of the ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension. In the present application, it is preferable to set the maximum amount of the binder to be added not more than 5wt%, and if it is more than 5wt%, it is liable to cause the alloy powder itself to be bonded.
Further, the method can also comprise the step of concentrating the mixed suspension of the nano ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension, for example, the concentration can be carried out by adopting a rotary evaporation mode. Followed by drying.
Further, after drying, sieving is also included.
In addition, the application also provides ceramic metal powder prepared by the preparation method.
In some embodiments, the ceramic metal powder prepared by the above preparation method has a flowability of 5 to 50s/50g, preferably 10 to 25s/50 g.
In addition, the application also provides an application of the ceramic metal powder in the selective laser melting technology, which can ensure that the nano phase is uniformly distributed in the SLM forming process and has the effects of reducing cracks and stress concentration.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
Nano TiB with the volume ratio of 1:100 2 Putting the powder (with the grain diameter of 3nm) into an ethanol water solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15min to obtain the nano ceramic powder suspension.
Nickel 625 powder (with flowability of 23.94s/50g, morphology and particle size distribution shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively) was dispersed in another ethanol aqueous solution at a volume ratio of 20:100, and 1 wt% sodium dodecylsulfate was added and stirred to obtain a metal powder suspension.
Pouring the metal powder suspension into the nano ceramic powder suspension, adding 0.5 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) into the mixed suspension, centrifuging at a high speed of 100rpm for 10min, and performing rotary evaporation, drying and sieving to obtain ceramic metal powder suitable for SLM technology, namely TiB 2 a/Ni 625 composite powder.
The TiB 2 The fluidity of the/Ni 625 composite powder is 25.32s/50g, and the morphology and the particle size distribution are respectively shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.
Under the same SLM parameters, no TiB is added 2 The SEM image of the microstructure of the Ni625 alloy after SLM printing is shown in FIG. 6, TiB 2 An SEM image of the microstructure of the/Ni 625 composite powder after SLM printing is shown in FIG. 7.
As can be seen from comparison of FIGS. 6 and 7, when the surface of Ni625 alloy powder is adhered with nano-TiB 2 After that, the micro-cracks of the sample formed by the SLM technology are reduced and even disappear.
Comparative example
Nano TiB with volume ratio of 1:100 2 (the grain diameter is 3nm) is placed in the water solution without dispersion, and the nano ceramic powder water solution is obtained.
Nickel 625 powder (with a flowability of 23.94s/50g, morphology and particle size distribution as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively) was dispersed in another aqueous solution at a volume ratio of 20:100 to obtain a metal powder suspension.
Pouring the metal powder suspension into a nano ceramic powder solution, adding 0.5 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) into the mixed solution, centrifuging at 100rpm for 10min, and centrifugingRotary steaming, drying and sieving to obtain ceramic metal powder, namely TiB 2 the/Ni 625 composite powder has a morphology as shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 5 shows, in part, TiB 2 Adhered to the surface of Ni625, part of TiB 2 Self-bonding occurred, independent of and not uniformly adhered to the Ni625 surface.
Example 2
According to the volume ratio of 5:100, placing nano TiC (with the grain diameter of 30nm) in an ethanol water solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min to obtain a nano ceramic powder suspension.
Dispersing nickel 718 powder (particle size of 5-50 μm) in another ethanol aqueous solution at a volume ratio of 30:100, adding 1 wt% polyethylene glycol (PEG)20000, and stirring to obtain metal powder suspension.
And pouring the metal powder suspension into a nano ceramic powder suspension, adding 1 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) into the mixed suspension, centrifuging at a high speed of 300rpm for 6min to obtain a suspension C, and performing rotary evaporation, drying and sieving to obtain ceramic metal powder suitable for the SLM technology, namely TiC/Ni718 composite powder, wherein the fluidity of the ceramic metal powder is 25-32s/50 g.
Example 3
Nano ZrO in a volume ratio of 10:100 2 Putting the powder (with the grain diameter of 50nm) into an ethanol water solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 25min to obtain a nano ceramic powder suspension.
316 stainless steel powder (grain diameter is 10-70 μm) is dispersed in another ethanol aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 40:100, 2 wt% of silane coupling agent is added, and metal powder suspension is obtained by stirring.
Pouring the metal powder suspension into the nano ceramic powder suspension, adding 0.5 wt% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixed suspension, centrifuging at a high speed of 500 for 5min, rotary steaming, drying, and sieving to obtain ceramic metal powder suitable for SLM technology, i.e. ZrO 2 The fluidity of the/316 stainless steel composite powder is 25s/50 g.
Example 4
Nano Y with volume ratio of 15:100 2 O 3 (particle diameter of70nm) is put into ethanol water solution, and ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 15min, thus obtaining the nano ceramic powder suspension.
Aluminum alloy powder (particle size 15-80 μm) was dispersed in another ethanol aqueous solution at a volume ratio of 50:100, and 4 wt% of a silane coupling agent was added and stirred to obtain a metal powder suspension.
Pouring the metal powder suspension into the nano ceramic powder suspension, adding 3 wt% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixed suspension, centrifuging at a high speed of 600rpm for 3min, rotary steaming, drying, and sieving to obtain ceramic metal powder suitable for SLM technology, namely Y 2 O 3 The fluidity of the aluminum alloy composite powder is 28s/50 g.
Example 5
And (2) placing the nano SiC (with the grain diameter of 100nm) in an ethanol water solution according to the volume ratio of 25:100, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min to obtain a nano ceramic powder suspension.
Aluminum alloy powder (with the grain diameter of 10-100 mu m) is dispersed in another ethanol water solution according to the volume ratio of 60:100, 5wt% of silane coupling agent is added, and the mixture is stirred to obtain metal powder suspension.
And pouring the metal powder suspension into the nano ceramic powder suspension, adding 5wt% of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) into the mixed suspension, centrifuging at a high speed for 2min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000, and performing rotary evaporation, drying and sieving to obtain the ceramic metal powder suitable for the SLM technology, namely the SiC/aluminum alloy composite powder, wherein the flowability of the SiC/aluminum alloy composite powder is 32s/50 g.
In summary, the nano ceramic powder and the metal powder are set into the form of suspension and then mixed, so that the nano phase can be effectively and uniformly adhered to the surface of the metal powder, and the nano phase is uniformly distributed, cracks are reduced, stress concentration is reduced, segregation is avoided and the like in the selective laser melting forming process while the characteristics of the appearance, granularity and fluidity of the metal powder are not changed. In addition, the method can solve the defects of long period and high cost of the existing new material which is developed and suitable for the SLM technology. The ceramic metal powder prepared by the method has good fluidity and high sphericity, and is particularly suitable for the selective laser melting technology.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (21)
1. The preparation method of the ceramic metal powder is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding a metal powder suspension into a nano ceramic powder suspension for mixing so as to enable the nano ceramic powder to be uniformly adhered to the surface of the metal powder;
the preparation of the nano ceramic powder suspension comprises the following steps: mixing nano ceramic powder with a first organic solvent; the raw material of the nano ceramic powder comprises at least one of oxide ceramic and non-oxide ceramic; the non-oxide ceramic comprises TiB 2 、TiC、SiC、Si 3 N 4 At least one of AlN and carbon nanotubes; the oxide ceramic comprises alumina, zirconia and Y 2 O 3 And La 2 O 3 At least one of; the grain diameter of the nano ceramic powder is more than 0 and not more than 100 nm; the volume ratio of the nano ceramic powder to the first organic solvent is 1-25: 100, respectively; the first organic solvent is ethanol or ethanol water solution;
the preparation of the metal powder suspension comprises: mixing the metal alloy powder with a second organic solvent; the material of the metal alloy powder comprises at least one of an aluminum-based alloy material, an iron-based alloy material and a nickel-based alloy material; the particle size of the metal alloy powder is 5-100 mu m; the volume ratio of the metal alloy powder to the second organic solvent is 20-60: 100; the second organic solvent is ethanol or ethanol water solution;
mixing the nano ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension under a centrifugal condition; the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 100-1000rpm, and the time of the centrifugation is 2-10 min.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the first organic solvent is an aqueous ethanol solution, the concentration of ethanol in the aqueous ethanol solution is greater than 0vt% and not more than 50 vt%.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the mixed nano ceramic powder and the first organic solvent are subjected to ultrasonic dispersion.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion time is 15-30 min.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion is intermittent ultrasound.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein sonication is stopped for 2.5-3.5min per 4.5-5.5 min.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the second organic solvent is an aqueous ethanol solution, the concentration of ethanol in the aqueous ethanol solution is greater than 0vt% and not more than 50 vt%.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the preparing of the metal powder suspension further comprises: surface modification is performed on the metal alloy powder after the metal alloy powder is mixed with the second organic solvent.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein a surface modifier is added to the mixed solution of the metal alloy powder and the second organic solvent.
10. The production method according to claim 9, wherein the surface modifier is added in an amount of more than 0% and not more than 5% by weight based on the mass of the mixed solution of the metal alloy powder and the second organic solvent.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the surface modifier comprises at least one of sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene glycol, and a silane coupling agent.
12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising adding a binder during the mixing of the nano-ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension.
13. The production method according to claim 12, wherein the binder is added in an amount of more than 0% and not more than 5% by mass based on the mass of the mixed suspension of the ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the binder comprises at least one of polyvinyl alcohol and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
15. The method of claim 1, further comprising concentrating the mixed suspension of the nano-ceramic powder suspension and the metal powder suspension, followed by drying.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the concentrating is performed by rotary evaporation.
17. The method of claim 15, further comprising sieving after drying.
18. A ceramic metal powder produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
19. The cermet powder of claim 18, wherein the cermet powder has a flowability of 5-50s/50 g.
20. The cermet powder of claim 19, wherein the cermet powder has a flowability of 10-25s/50 g.
21. Use of a ceramic-metal powder according to any one of claims 18 to 20 in a selective laser melting technique.
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