CN111859514A - Method and system for optimizing thermal performance of building envelope under multi-working-condition operation - Google Patents
Method and system for optimizing thermal performance of building envelope under multi-working-condition operation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for optimizing the thermal performance of an envelope structure under multi-working-condition operation, wherein the optimization method comprises the following steps: setting a target value of a wall condition temperature change index WTCI; and calculating a value of a thermal characteristic parameter of the enclosure structure according to the target value of the wall condition temperature variation index WTCI, and optimizing the actual structure of the enclosure structure in the hot summer and warm winter area by adjusting the value of the thermal characteristic parameter to obtain the optimal thermal characteristic parameter value of the enclosure structure. The optimization method of the invention gives consideration to evaluation indexes of connotation of two working conditions, and can effectively and simply guide the thermal design of the enclosure structure under the behavior energy-saving mode; and optimizing the actual structure of the building envelope structure by using the wall condition temperature change index WTCI to obtain optimized structure parameters, and calculating the optimized energy-saving performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building thermal engineering design and building energy conservation, and particularly relates to a method and a system for optimizing thermal engineering performance of an enclosure structure under multi-working-condition operation.
Background
The operating conditions of the building determine the indoor environmental conditions of the building, thereby affecting the heat exchange strength through the building envelope, and therefore it is closely related to the thermal design of the building envelope. The thermal requirements of buildings using air conditioners for heat supply and cold supply are different from those of buildings using natural ventilation. Firstly, the indoor design parameters are different, and the civil building thermal design specification (GB50176-2016) specifies that the indoor design temperature of a heating room is 18 ℃ and the indoor design temperature of a non-heating room is 12 ℃. Secondly, the minimum heat transfer resistance of the enclosure structure is different due to different indoor calculation conditions and the same outdoor calculation conditions, so that the enclosure structure is different in structure, and other thermal characteristics of the enclosure structure are obviously different. For buildings with only heating requirements, the building belongs to an air-conditioning working condition in a heating period and belongs to a natural ventilation working condition in a non-heating period; for buildings which need heating and refrigeration, the heating in China mainly takes continuous heating, and the refrigeration mostly adopts an intermittent air-conditioning mode; for buildings with only refrigeration needs, the operation is entirely in the intermittent air conditioning mode. The intermittent air conditioning mode belongs to a typical multi-working condition operation mode. Therefore, most residential buildings in China operate in a multi-working-condition mode with the natural ventilation working condition and the air conditioning working condition staggered, and the existing specifications and researches are mainly designed for thermal engineering under a single working condition.
The natural ventilation working condition and the air conditioning working condition in a short period of time run alternately and mostly appear in hot areas, so the natural ventilation working condition and the air conditioning working condition are closely related to the heat insulation design of the building envelope. The existing building envelope thermal performance evaluation indexes have the following problems: 1) the evaluation is only directed at a single working condition, or directed at an air conditioner working condition, or directed at a natural ventilation working condition, and also cannot be expressed clearly for an applicable working condition; 2) the indoor environment condition of the research to be evaluated is fixed and invariable and is not dynamic, which is not consistent with the operation condition of the building in the intermittent space; 3) the existing evaluation index can only evaluate the thermal characteristics of the building envelope structure and cannot guide the optimization of structural parameters of the building envelope structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for optimizing the thermal performance of an envelope structure under multi-working-condition operation, so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for optimizing the thermal performance of an enclosure structure under multi-working-condition operation comprises the following steps:
1) calculating a target ratio of the thermal characteristic parameters of the building envelope according to the target value of the wall condition temperature variation index WTCI;
2) adjusting the value of the thermal characteristic parameter within the actual value range of the thermal characteristic parameter to obtain N thermal characteristic parameter value combinations meeting the target ratio in the step 1), wherein N is a positive integer;
3) optimizing the actual construction of the enclosure structure in the areas hot in summer and warm in winter to enable the actual thermal characteristic parameters of the enclosure structure to meet the thermal characteristic parameter value combination in the step 2) to obtain M kinds of actual construction optimization schemes of the enclosure structure; m is a positive integer.
Further, in step 2), the thermal characteristic parameters of the envelope structure are as follows: the heat inertia index D of the enclosure structure and the heat transfer resistance R of the enclosure structure.
Further, in the step 2), the relation between the wall condition temperature change index WTCI and the thermal characteristic parameters of the envelope is as follows:
in the formula (f)θThe wall surface temperature attenuation multiple of the enclosure structure; thetai，maxThe highest temperature of the inner wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C.
Further, the wall surface temperature attenuation multiple is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, thetai，minThe lowest temperature of the inner wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C; thetae，maxThe highest temperature of the outer wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C; thetae，minThe lowest temperature of the outer wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C.
Further, in the step 1), the wall condition temperature variation index WTCI is along with the highest temperature theta of the inner wall surface of the enclosure structurei，maxThe change is linear, the numerical value trends are consistent and coincident, and the target value of the wall condition temperature change index WTCI is calculated according to the following regression relation;
the regression relationship is:
y＝-0.5x+31.2，r2＝0.96
in the formula: y represents a WTCM value; x represents the highest temperature of the inner wall surface; r is a linear correlation coefficient.
A system for the optimization method, comprising:
the input module is used for inputting a target value of the wall condition temperature change index WTCI;
the calculation module is used for calculating a target ratio of the thermal characteristic parameters of the building envelope according to the target value of the wall condition temperature variation index WTCI; adjusting the value of the thermal characteristic parameter within the actual value range of the thermal characteristic parameter to obtain N thermal characteristic parameter value combinations meeting the target ratio, and obtaining M practical construction optimization schemes of the enclosure structure according to the thermal characteristic parameter value combinations;
and the display module is used for displaying the thermal characteristic parameter value combination meeting the target ratio.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the embodiment of the invention provides a new evaluation index of the dynamic thermal performance of the building envelope, which comprises the following steps: the wall condition temperature change index WTCI is used for optimizing the actual structure of the building envelope structure to obtain a range value of optimized thermal characteristic parameters, N optimization schemes are obtained within the actual thermal characteristic parameter value range, the design and evaluation of the thermal performance of the envelope structure under multiple working conditions can be guided, and the design of the envelope structure of the building under the multiple working conditions in a staggered mode can be guided.
2) The evaluation index of the dynamic thermal performance of the enclosure structure provided by the embodiment of the invention gives consideration to the analysis requirements of the heat transfer types of the heat preservation and heat insulation enclosure structures. According to the definition of WTCM formula: when the outdoor calculation temperature condition is changed from summer to winter, the wall surface temperature attenuation multiple is related to the thermal characteristics of the enclosure structure, the influence of the outdoor calculation condition change is small, the highest temperature of the inner wall surface temperature changes along with the change of the outdoor calculation condition, therefore, the WTCI changes along with the change of the outdoor calculation condition, the index has adaptability to the outdoor calculation condition, namely, the thermal performance change of the enclosure structure in different seasons can be reflected, and the index is also suitable for winter.
3) The evaluation index of the dynamic thermal performance of the enclosure structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple and convenient to calculate. The WTCI comprises three factors of a thermal inertia and heat transfer resistance ratio, a wall surface temperature attenuation multiple and an inner wall surface temperature, and is an index aiming at an enclosure structure, and all parameters of the WTCI are measured by the enclosure structure. The method does not relate to a complicated calculation method of other parameters such as indoor and outdoor temperatures, can quickly know the energy-saving potential of the enclosure structure under the working condition of the air conditioner without using energy consumption simulation software, and is more convenient and faster to optimize the actual structure of the enclosure structure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an optimization method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bidirectional periodic thermal effect diagram for natural draft conditions;
FIG. 3 is a unidirectional periodic thermal effect diagram of air conditioning operating conditions;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a building envelope model;
FIG. 5 is a thermal parameter diagram of the working condition of the air conditioner;
FIG. 6 is a thermal parameter diagram of a natural draft condition;
FIG. 7 is a graph of temperature of the inner wall surface and an index under a natural ventilation condition;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of energy consumption versus index for air conditioning operating conditions;
FIG. 9 is a comparison graph before and after structure optimization in areas hot in summer and warm in winter;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of thermal characteristic parameters of the first envelope structure;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of thermal characteristic parameters of a second envelope structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is intended to provide further details of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.
Along with the application and popularization of non-air-conditioning energy-saving behavior research, a building frequently operates in a mode that natural ventilation working conditions and air-conditioning working conditions are staggered. Therefore, new requirements are put forward for the thermal performance of the building envelope structure. In order to optimize the thermal performance of an enclosure structure and improve the energy-saving quality of a building by applying non-air-conditioning energy-saving behaviors, the embodiment of the invention provides an optimization method and a system for the thermal performance of the enclosure structure under multi-working-Condition operation.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for optimizing the thermal performance of an envelope structure under multi-working-condition operation, which comprises the following steps:
1) calculating a target ratio of the thermal characteristic parameters of the building envelope according to the target value of the wall condition temperature variation index WTCI;
in the step 1), the wall condition temperature variation index WTCI is along with the highest temperature theta of the inner wall surface of the enclosure structurei，maxThe change is linear, the numerical value trends are consistent and coincident, and the target value of the wall condition temperature change index WTCI is calculated according to the following regression relation;
the regression relationship is:
y＝-0.5x+31.2，r2＝0.96
in the formula: y represents a WTCM value; x represents the highest temperature of the inner wall surface; r is a linear correlation coefficient.
2) Adjusting the value of the thermal characteristic parameter within the actual value range of the thermal characteristic parameter to obtain N thermal characteristic parameter value combinations meeting the target ratio in the step 1), wherein N is a positive integer;
the thermal characteristic parameters of the building envelope are as follows: the heat inertia index D of the enclosure structure and the heat transfer resistance R of the enclosure structure.
The relation between the wall condition temperature change index WTCI and the thermal characteristic parameters of the building envelope is as follows:
in the formula (f)θThe wall surface temperature attenuation multiple of the enclosure structure; thetai，maxThe highest temperature of the inner wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C.
The wall surface temperature attenuation multiple calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, thetai，minThe lowest temperature of the inner wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C; thetae，maxThe highest temperature of the outer wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C; thetae，minThe lowest temperature of the outer wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C.
3) Optimizing the actual construction of the enclosure structure in the areas hot in summer and warm in winter to enable the actual thermal characteristic parameters of the enclosure structure to meet the thermal characteristic parameter value combination in the step 2) to obtain M kinds of actual construction optimization schemes of the enclosure structure; m is a positive integer.
A system for the optimization method, comprising:
the input module is used for inputting a target value of the wall condition temperature change index WTCI;
the calculation module is used for calculating a target ratio of the thermal characteristic parameters of the building envelope according to the target value of the wall condition temperature variation index WTCI; adjusting the value of the thermal characteristic parameter within the actual value range of the thermal characteristic parameter to obtain N thermal characteristic parameter value combinations meeting the target ratio, and obtaining M practical construction optimization schemes of the enclosure structure according to the thermal characteristic parameter value combinations;
and the display module is used for displaying the thermal characteristic parameter value combination meeting the target ratio.
(II), as shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides an analysis and implementation process of the optimization method, as follows:
the first step is as follows: according to the unsteady state heat transfer principle, the relation between the building operation working condition and the dynamic thermal characteristic of the enclosure structure is analyzed, and the difference between the dynamic thermal characteristic of the enclosure structure under the natural ventilation working condition and the air conditioning working condition is summarized;
the second step is that: the novel building envelope thermal performance evaluation index of the wall condition temperature change index WTCI is provided, and comprises three factors of thermal inertia and heat transfer resistance ratio, wall surface temperature attenuation multiple and inner wall surface temperature; the inner wall surface temperature includes an inner wall surface maximum temperature and an inner wall surface minimum temperature.
The third step: selecting 18 common building envelope structure types in hot summer and warm winter areas (the non-air-conditioning energy-saving behavior has obvious effect), taking a multi-storey house as an example, respectively calculating the WTCI value of the structure, and verifying the effectiveness of the WTCI under the working conditions of natural ventilation and air conditioning;
the fourth step: and optimizing the actual structure by using the WTCM index according to the thermal performance and the thermal requirements of the actual structure to obtain optimized structural parameters and energy-saving performance after calculation and optimization.
(III) the method of the invention is verified by the following examples.
The first step is as follows: the influence mechanism of the building operation condition on the dynamic thermal performance of the building envelope is researched. The difference between the heat transfer process and the thermal environment under the natural ventilation working condition and the air conditioner working condition is respectively researched.
The wall body is subjected to indoor and outdoor thermal interference under two working conditions of natural ventilation and air conditioning, but the thermal environment and the heat transfer process are different. As shown in fig. 2, the natural ventilation condition is an indoor and outdoor bidirectional unstable periodic harmonic heat action, the enclosure structure transfers heat from the outdoor to the indoor under the action of outdoor comprehensive temperature waves, and the temperature waves are a delay and attenuation process, and are not only affected by the wall structure mode and thermal performance, but also affected by the coupling action of fluctuation thermal interference of the indoor side and the outdoor side. As shown in fig. 3, the working condition of the air conditioner is the unidirectional unstable periodic harmonic heat action outdoors, the stable heat transfer indoors, the large temperature difference exists indoors and outdoors, and the heat energy is transferred from outdoors to indoors through the outer peripheral structure. The inner wall surface of the building envelope is influenced by the heat conduction effect, the radiation effect among the surfaces and the heat convection effect with indoor air.
The second step is that: due to the difference between the heat transfer mechanism of the natural ventilation working condition and the air conditioner working condition and the indoor thermal environment, the heat insulation control indexes of different working conditions are different, and corresponding thermal engineering designs can be obtained according to the heat insulation requirements of different working conditions.
The relation between the indoor temperature of a natural ventilation room and the change of the outdoor temperature is determined by establishing a heat insulation standard in China, the inner surface temperature is proposed to be used as a heat insulation design index of an envelope structure to further point out and control the inner surface temperature, so that the highest temperature theta of the inner surface of a wall body is enabled to be higheriNot more than the maximum value t of the calculated temperature of the outdoor aire. Under the working condition of natural ventilation, the heat insulation performance of the building enclosure depends on the difference value between the maximum calculated temperature of outdoor air and the maximum temperature of the inner wall surface, and the larger the difference value is, the better the heat insulation performance is, otherwise, the worse the heat insulation performance is.
The control under the working condition of the air conditioner is energy-saving control, and the index of the energy-saving control is the annual power consumption of the air conditioner. The annual power consumption of buildings specified in the design standard for residential buildings in areas warm in summer and winter is calculated by adopting a dynamic time-by-time simulation method, and the numerical value is the annual power consumption of air conditioners in unit building area (the design standard for the energy conservation of residential buildings in areas warm in summer and winter: JGJ 75-2012[ S ]. department of construction of the people' S republic of China and the urban and rural areas.2012). According to the energy-saving design specification and the previous related research aiming at the working condition of the air conditioner, the lower the energy consumption under the working condition of the air conditioner, the better the heat insulation performance of the enclosure structure is.
In order to research the influence of the operating conditions on the thermal performance of the building, a method for optimizing the thermal performance of the envelope structure under multi-condition operation must be found. Through intensive research, the temperature fluctuation condition of the inner surface of the outer wall under the natural working condition is found to be influenced by the structural mode and the thermal performance of the wall body and the coupling action of fluctuation thermal disturbance of the indoor side and the outdoor side. And the outdoor comprehensive temperature fluctuation thermal disturbance difference of the outer wall under the working condition of the air conditioner is transmitted and reflected to the inner wall surface through the wall body. In the embodiment, the thermal characteristics of the building are mainly summarized into a plurality of thermal characteristic parameters, and the building is analyzed and evaluated through the parameters.
The present embodiment therefore introduces two parameters: the ratio of thermal inertia to heat transfer resistance and wall temperature decay times. The two parameters are important parameters in the aspect of evaluating the heat insulation and heat storage performance of the building envelope.
The wall surface temperature attenuation multiple calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, thetai，maxThe highest temperature of the inner wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C; thetai，minThe lowest temperature of the inner wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C; thetae，maxThe highest temperature of the outer wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C; thetae，minThe lowest temperature of the outer wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C.
According to the two existing parameters, a new index, namely a wall Condition temperature change index WTCI (wall temperature Condition indication index), is provided, and the formula is as follows:
in the formula: f. ofθIs the wall temperature attenuation multiple of the enclosure structure,
θi，maxthe highest temperature of the inner wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C; thetai，minThe lowest temperature of the inner wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C; thetae，maxThe highest temperature of the outer wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C; thetae，minThe lowest temperature of the outer wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C; d is the thermal inertia index of the enclosure structure; r is heat transfer resistance of the enclosure structure, m2·K/W。
Physical definition of WTCI index: the dimension of the heat insulation index is W/m2The method is used for comparing the heat insulation performance of the wall under various working conditions, and the index value is larger, the comprehensive heat insulation performance of the wall is better, and the energy consumption is lower.
The third step: the non-air-conditioning energy-saving behavior effect is remarkable in areas hot in summer and warm in winter, 18 types of building enclosure structures commonly used in the areas are selected, and the condition temperature change index WTCI of the 18 types of building enclosure structures is calculated by taking a multi-storey residential building as an example. The model building as shown in fig. 4 is used as the research object. The geometric parameters of the model building and the characteristics of the envelope are shown in tables 1 and 2. The WTCI values and the original index values of the multiple operating modes are shown in Table 3.
Table 1 geometric parameter size of model building and thermal characteristic of fixed building envelope
TABLE 2 thermal parameter variables of the building envelope
As can be seen from Table 3, the WTCM value and the original index value of the multi-operating mode have corresponding relationship between the quality and the quality. The influence relationship between the working condition and the heat insulation performance and the change rule of the heat insulation performance of different structures along with the working condition are researched, and the method is shown in fig. 5 and 6. And (3) combining the numerical conclusion obtained in the third step table 3, deeply discussing whether the new index WTCI can be used as the heat insulation index under multiple working conditions, and verifying the effectiveness of the WTCI in evaluating the heat insulation performance of the wall under the multiple working conditions by adopting a linear regression analysis method, as shown in fig. 7 and 8.
TABLE 3 thermal evaluation index of building envelope
As can be seen from fig. 5, under the working condition of the air conditioner, the wall surface temperature attenuation multiple, the thermal inertia and the heat transfer resistance have the same trend with the energy consumption, and are also matched with the trend of the inner wall surface temperature, and the change of the delay time has no obvious regularity. It can be seen from fig. 6 that, under the working condition of natural ventilation, the wall surface temperature attenuation multiple, thermal inertia and heat transfer resistance are also relatively consistent with the trend of the wall surface temperature, and the change of the delay time has no obvious regularity. Therefore, it can be seen that the wall surface temperature attenuation multiple, the thermal inertia and the heat transfer resistance can be used as parameters for evaluating two working conditions, and are respectively consistent with the energy consumption under the air conditioning working condition and the trend of the inner wall surface temperature under the natural ventilation working condition. Meanwhile, the wall surface temperature attenuation multiple values under different working conditions are different, which shows that the parameter is an important parameter for distinguishing heat insulation performance under different working conditions. And combining the numerical conclusion obtained in the table 3, in order to deeply discuss whether the new index WTCM can be used as the heat insulation index of multiple working conditions, carrying out regression analysis on the WTCM numerical value and the original index numerical value under two working conditions.
As can be seen from fig. 7, WTCI exhibits linearity with the maximum temperature change of the inner wall surface, and the numerical trends coincide with each other, and the regression relationship is:
y＝-0.5x+31.2，r2＝0.96 (3)
as can be seen from fig. 8, WTCI exhibits linearity with the change of the cooling load per unit area, and the numerical trends are coincident, the regression relationship is:
y＝-5.7x+91.9，r2＝0.94 (4)
therefore, the WTCM index can intuitively reflect the heat insulation performance under multiple working conditions: under the working condition of natural ventilation, the larger the WTCM is, the better the heat resistance effect of the wall body is, and under the working condition of an air conditioner, the larger the WTCM is, and the lower the building energy consumption is.
The fourth step: according to an indoor air conditioner control strategy, on the basis of exerting the maximum effect of human behavior adjustment, the WTCI indexes are applied to provide the thermal operation parameters of the enclosure structure meeting the air conditioner operation so as to optimize the wall structure.
The WTCM index is provided for integrating the thermal performance of the building enclosure under two indoor environment regulation modes of natural ventilation working condition and air conditioning working conditionAnd (4) evaluating the index. Therefore, the method can meet the requirement of thermotechnical design under the action energy-saving working condition. By combining the starting temperature of the air conditioner in the behavior energy-saving mode, the thermodynamic characteristic parameters of the building envelope meeting the behavior energy-saving requirement can be reversely deduced through the index, so that a specific construction scheme meeting the requirement is provided. WTCM indexes determine the thermal performance of the wall, which can be realized by a plurality of different building envelope structures. When the new WTCM index is determined, the trend of the new WTCM index becoming smaller or larger is determined by comparing the new WTCM index with the old index, and the trend can be known according to the formula (2)
The corresponding construction mode can be selected according to the variation trend of the wall body with the same direction variation rule, and then the corresponding construction mode can be controlled according to the formula (2)
And finely adjusting the construction mode by the wall surface temperature attenuation multiple until the new WTCM index is met, thereby completing the new construction design meeting the thermal performance requirement.
Taking residential buildings of Guangzhou in areas warm in summer and winter as an example, according to field test data, for a bedroom, the parameter that a local conventional enclosure structure is a reinforced concrete wall is D02.31 and R0The average indoor time of the personnel is 9.8h, the air-conditioning design temperature is 26 ℃, the air-conditioning time is 4.9h and the energy consumption is 4.2 kW.h on the premise of meeting the human body thermal adaptation. The WTCI value of the building envelope under the actual working condition is 2.1. According to field test, the regional adaptability of an analyst obtains that the opening temperature of the air conditioner is 29.8 ℃. Comparing the previous design temperature of the air conditioner with 26 ℃, increasing the maximum temperature of the inner wall surface of the old structure by 3.8 ℃ in an equal proportion to obtain a new maximum temperature of the inner wall surface, and then obtaining the maximum value of the optimized WTCI to be 2.8 through a regression formula (shown in figure 7) of the new maximum temperature of the inner wall surface and the WTCI. Then, according to a formula 2, carrying out reverse calculation to obtain the optimized envelope structure with related parameters D0＝2.71、R01.88. The air conditioner opening temperature is the highest temperature of the new inner wall surface.
The energy consumption is simulated by introducing parameters through EnergyPlus software. Comparing the energy consumption of the structure before and after optimization, as can be seen from fig. 9, the starting time of the air conditioner after optimization is reduced by 12.2%, and the energy is saved by 19.3% compared with the structure before optimization, and the structure selected by combining thermal requirements with WTCI indexes more meets the requirement of behavior energy saving than the structure under the current specification. As shown in fig. 10 and 11, different structural forms can obtain the same thermal and energy-saving effects as long as the structure meets the thermal parameter requirements. The method provides greater design flexibility and wider application space for thermal engineering and energy-saving design.
In summary, the comparison between the natural ventilation working condition and the air conditioning working condition performed in the embodiment of the invention is to analyze that the temperature change index WTCI of the wall condition cannot give consideration to both the two working conditions, and as the index of the WTCI is larger and larger, the expressed thermal performance under the natural ventilation working condition and the air conditioning working condition is better and better, and the general trend is obtained by comparing the two working conditions. In future use, the WTCM index has greater use significance under the condition that the natural ventilation working condition and the air conditioning working condition are intermittently alternated. The analysis of WTCI influence factors and the guidance of thermal design in the patent are used for explaining that the influence degree of the same factor on two working conditions WTCI is different, and the thermal response mechanism of the same enclosure structure on the natural ventilation working condition and the air conditioner working condition is different. The thermal design guidance for the two working conditions is based on the WTCI index evaluation. Therefore, the WTCM index provided by the embodiment of the invention is an evaluation index giving consideration to the connotations of two working conditions, and can effectively and simply guide the thermal design of the enclosure structure in an action energy-saving mode.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (6)
1. A method for optimizing the thermal performance of an enclosure structure under multi-working-condition operation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) calculating a target ratio of the thermal characteristic parameters of the building envelope according to the target value of the wall condition temperature variation index WTCI;
2) adjusting the value of the thermal characteristic parameter within the actual value range of the thermal characteristic parameter to obtain N thermal characteristic parameter value combinations meeting the target ratio in the step 1);
3) optimizing the actual construction of the building envelope in the areas with summer heat and winter warm to enable the actual thermal characteristic parameters of the building envelope to meet the thermal characteristic parameter value combination in the step 2) to obtain M practical construction optimization schemes of the building envelope.
2. The method for optimizing the thermal performance of the enclosure structure under the multi-working-condition operation according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the thermal characteristic parameters of the enclosure structure are as follows: the heat inertia index D of the enclosure structure and the heat transfer resistance R of the enclosure structure.
3. The method for optimizing the thermal performance of the envelope under the multi-working-condition operation according to claim 2, wherein in the step 2), the relation between the wall condition temperature variation index WTCI and the thermal characteristic parameters of the envelope is as follows:
in the formula (f)θThe wall surface temperature attenuation multiple of the enclosure structure; thetai，maxThe highest temperature of the inner wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C.
4. The method for optimizing the thermal performance of the envelope structure under the multi-working-condition operation according to claim 3, wherein the wall temperature attenuation multiple is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, thetai，minIs the inner wall surface of the enclosure structureMinimum temperature, deg.C; thetae，maxThe highest temperature of the outer wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C; thetae，minThe lowest temperature of the outer wall surface of the enclosure structure is DEG C.
5. The method for optimizing the thermal performance of the envelope under the multi-working-condition operation according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the wall condition temperature variation index WTCI is along with the maximum temperature theta of the inner wall surface of the envelopei，maxThe change is linear, the numerical value trends are consistent and coincident, and the target value of the wall condition temperature change index WTCI is calculated according to the following regression relation;
the regression relationship is:
y＝-0.5x+31.2，r2＝0.96
in the formula: y represents a WTCM value; x represents the highest temperature of the inner wall surface; r is a linear correlation coefficient.
6. A system for the optimization method of claim 1, comprising:
the input module is used for inputting a target value of the wall condition temperature change index WTCI;
the calculation module is used for calculating a target ratio of the thermal characteristic parameters of the building envelope according to the target value of the wall condition temperature variation index WTCI; adjusting the value of the thermal characteristic parameter within the actual value range of the thermal characteristic parameter to obtain N thermal characteristic parameter value combinations meeting the target ratio, and obtaining M practical construction optimization schemes of the enclosure structure according to the thermal characteristic parameter value combinations;
and the display module is used for displaying the thermal characteristic parameter value combination meeting the target ratio.
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