CN111856285B - Electric automobile retired battery pack equivalent model modeling method - Google Patents

Electric automobile retired battery pack equivalent model modeling method Download PDF

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CN111856285B
CN111856285B CN202010638273.4A CN202010638273A CN111856285B CN 111856285 B CN111856285 B CN 111856285B CN 202010638273 A CN202010638273 A CN 202010638273A CN 111856285 B CN111856285 B CN 111856285B
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retired battery
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battery
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CN111856285A (en
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胡姝博
孙辉
高正男
刘新宇
张亮
孙宝硕
杨帆
周通
范轩轩
王誉颖
周玮
顾宏
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract

An equivalent model modeling method for an electric automobile retired battery pack belongs to the field of battery energy storage in an electric power system. Firstly, a retired battery single equivalent circuit model suitable for power grid operation is provided. Secondly, characteristics of each stage of the discharge process of the retired battery and corresponding influence factors are analyzed. And thirdly, providing an equivalent model of the retired battery monomer. And thirdly, calculating the consistency among the batteries of the serial branch circuits based on the information entropy aiming at the retired battery pack, and correcting the equivalent electromotive force model and the equivalent internal resistance model of the retired battery pack. And finally, obtaining the equivalent model of the retired battery pack of the electric automobile considering the consistency. The invention provides an equivalent model of the retired battery pack aiming at the problem that the retired battery pack of the electric automobile is recycled to participate in the operation of a power grid, takes the difference between single batteries of the serial branch of the retired battery into account, corrects the equivalent model based on the consistency between the retired batteries, ensures the feasibility and the accuracy of the equivalent model applied to a power system, gives full play to the residual value of the equivalent model, and improves the economical efficiency of the operation of a power distribution network.

Description

Electric automobile retired battery pack equivalent model modeling method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of battery energy storage application in a power system. The method relates to a relevant theory of the retired battery pack in the operation of a power system, in particular to an equivalent model modeling method of the retired battery pack of the electric vehicle, which is applied to the power system.
Background
With the increasing severity of energy shortage and environmental pollution, the pollution emission of the conventional motor vehicle is greatly reduced, and the environmental protection of the electric vehicle is also greatly focused. When the battery of the electric automobile is in use, the maximum capacity is gradually reduced, and in order to guarantee the driving range and safety of the electric automobile, the battery has to be out of operation when 80% of the capacity of the battery remains. The decommissioned battery can be applied to the scene with low energy density, so that the resource utilization efficiency is improved. In recent years, electric automobiles are widely popularized in China, and the scale acceleration of the electric automobiles is remarkable. The mass popularization of electric vehicles brings about large-scale retired batteries.
The development of energy storage technology brings many opportunities to power systems, and plays an important role in the field of power systems. The application of the battery energy storage technology greatly enhances the active regulation and control capability of the power grid and improves the energy utilization efficiency. The electric automobile retired battery is applied to the power grid energy storage system, so that the efficient utilization of the battery can be realized, the cost of the electric automobile is reduced, the environmental pollution is prevented, the development of the power grid energy storage system can be promoted, the investment of the energy storage system is reduced, and all interests are considered. With the increase of the number of electric automobiles, the retired battery is efficiently and reasonably utilized, so that great social and economic benefits are achieved. The research on the application of the retired battery in the active power distribution network is of great significance.
Foreign scholars have conducted many studies on the reuse of retired batteries. The feasibility of recycling the retired battery of the electric automobile in a power system is evaluated in the literature (Viswanathan V, Kintner-layer M.Second use of transfer batteries [ J ]. IEEE Transactions on vehicle technology,2011,60(7):2963-2970.), the cycle life, the charge-discharge depth, the health state and other important factors influencing the recycling economic benefit of the retired battery are analyzed, and a beneficial view is provided for the automobile industry to maximally utilize the electric automobile battery. The potential of the retired battery of the electric automobile applied to the energy storage of the power system is evaluated in the literature (Liujian. electric automobile retired battery energy storage application potential and cost analysis [ J ]. energy storage science and technology, 2017,6(2):243- & lt249.), and the article indicates that along with the popularization of the electric automobile, the energy storage capacity of the retired battery reaches about 15% of the energy storage capacity of the battery, and the retired battery has huge energy storage potential. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps of using a retired battery for an electric vehicle quick charging station in a literature (Zhang jin, Johnson, King Xiaojun, Zhujie, and Zugueng, and is more consolidated, and based on the economic operation analysis of an energy storage system of a cascade utilization battery [ D ]. Beijing: the institute of Electrical engineering of Beijing university of transportation, 2014.), analyzing the economic values of the retired battery for the energy storage system, such as the delay of upgrading and reconstruction of a power distribution network, reduction of network loss, peak clipping and valley filling, and the like, optimizing a model through a genetic algorithm, and showing that the capacity of a transformer can be reduced by utilizing the battery energy storage in the electric vehicle quick charging station in a cascade manner, peak clipping and valley filling are achieved.
The battery model is an effective means for researching the performance of the battery and is an important way for applying the battery pack to a power system. Common models for batteries include: electrochemical models, equivalent circuit models, neural network models, and the like. The common equivalent circuit model of the lithium battery comprises: internal impedance model, Thevenin model, PNGV model, GNL model, hybrid equivalent model and a model modified from the above models. In conclusion, the retired battery of the electric vehicle has the value of recombination and reutilization, and how to establish the retired battery pack equivalent model suitable for the power system has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for modeling an equivalent model of an electric automobile retired battery pack.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an electric automobile retired battery pack equivalent model modeling method comprises the following steps:
step 1, the electric automobile retired battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of retired battery monomers in series and in parallel. Comprehensively considering the electrochemical reaction mechanism, the discharge curve characteristic and the circuit element characteristic in the battery, the equivalent circuit model of the retired battery monomer suitable for the power grid operation is provided, and the model consists of the battery electromotive force E and the battery ohmic internal resistance RSAnd two resistance-capacitance parallel circuits are connected in series. Wherein, the resistance-capacitance parallel circuit is formed by the resistance R of the battery Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI)seiAnd a capacitor CseiParallel connection; the resistance-capacitance parallel circuit is composed of a double electric layer capacitor CpAnd a charge transfer resistance RpIn parallel, the reaction electrode is modeled at the interface with the electrolyte. The battery electromotive force E is related to the battery State of Charge (SoC), temperature; for a certain degree of ageing of the battery, RSIs a constant value; within a certain range, the influence of the temperature can be ignored to set the ambient temperature to 25 ℃.
Step 2, based on the retired battery monomer equivalent circuit model provided in step 1, combining with the actual discharge curve of the battery, analyzing and determining the influence factors and parameters influencing each stage, specifically: the main cause of the formation of the step-like phase is the voltage drop over the ohmic internal resistance R when the cell is switched on to conduct electricitysCan instantaneously form voltage drop to cause terminal voltage drop, at this time, because the capacitor voltage can not be suddenly changed, Csei，CpThe voltages at the two ends are both 0; in the stage of plateaus, the capacitor is gradually charged, and in addition, the SOC is gradually reduced to reduce the electromotive force, so that the voltage of the circuit end is slowly reduced in the stage of plateaus; in the amplitude-returning stage, the battery is disconnected, the two ends of the battery are suspended, and C issei，CpTwo capacitors pass through R respectivelysei，RpForming a discharge loop to discharge.
And 3, fitting an expression of the electromotive force E and the SOC of the battery in the equivalent circuit model of the retired battery monomer, wherein the expression is shown as the formula (1).
Figure GDA0002972521720000021
In the formula, a, b, c, d, e and f are coefficients and can be obtained by fitting an actual discharge curve of the battery.
Step 4, establishing each parameter C in the retired battery monomer equivalent circuit modelsei，Rsei，Cp，RpThe relation with SOC is shown in formula (2) to formula (5).
Csei＝Csei,0(1+α1SOC) (2)
Rsei＝Rsei,0(1-β1SOC) (3)
Cp＝Cp,0(1+α2SOC) (4)
Rp＝Rp,0(1-β2SOC) (5)
In the formula, Csei,0The capacitor is an SEI capacitor when the SOC of the retired battery monomer is 0; rsei,0The battery is the SEI resistance when the SOC of the retired battery monomer is 0; cp,0The double-electric-layer capacitance is the electric double-layer capacitance when the SOC of the retired battery monomer is 0; rp,0The charge transfer resistance is the charge transfer resistance when the SOC of the retired battery cell is 0. Alpha is alpha1，β1，α2，β2As a coefficient, it can be obtained by fitting the actual discharge curve of the battery.
And 5, obtaining an equivalent model of the retired battery monomer through the steps 1 to 4, wherein the retired battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of retired batteries in series and in parallel, and if the number of the single batteries of the series branch in the battery pack is m and the number of the series branch in the parallel branch is n, the retired battery pack has m multiplied by n retired battery monomers. In steady-state operation, the voltage at two ends of a capacitor element in the retired battery single equivalent circuit model is constant, the capacitor has no influence on the circuit, the capacitor element is removed, and the simplified retired battery single equivalent model is composed ofElectromotive force and resistance. Equivalent electromotive force E of retired battery packepAs shown in equation (6).
Eep＝mE (6)
Step 6, equivalent resistance R of retired battery packeqAs shown in equation (7).
Figure GDA0002972521720000031
And 7, calculating the consistency of the single batteries of the serial branch based on the information entropy, and defining a consistency coefficient as the formula (8).
Figure GDA0002972521720000032
Therein, SOCmeanThe average value of the state of charge of the batteries of the retired battery pack; SOCNA nominal value for the state of charge of a battery of a decommissioned battery; h is retired battery data information entropy; hmaxThe maximum value of the retired battery data information entropy is obtained.
And 8, correcting the equivalent electromotive force and the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery pack through the consistency coefficient mu, wherein the corrected equivalent electromotive force and the corrected equivalent resistance of the retired battery pack are respectively shown as a formula (9) and a formula (10).
Eep＝μmE (9)
Figure GDA0002972521720000033
In conclusion, a retired battery pack battery consistency calculation method, a retired battery pack equivalent electromotive force and equivalent internal resistance calculation method considering consistency can be obtained, and then an electric vehicle retired battery pack equivalent model modeling method applied to a power system is obtained.
The invention has the advantages that: an equivalent model modeling method for an electric automobile retired battery pack applied to a power system is provided. Aiming at the problems of recycling of the retired battery pack of the electric automobile and operation of the power system, an equivalent model of the battery pack is established, the difference between single batteries of the serial branch of the retired battery is calculated, the equivalent model is corrected based on the consistency between the retired batteries, the feasibility and the accuracy of the equivalent model applied to the power system are guaranteed, the residual value of the equivalent model is fully exerted, and the economical efficiency of operation of the power distribution network is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a battery equivalent circuit.
Fig. 2 is a battery discharge curve.
Fig. 3 is a simulation result of the battery equivalent circuit.
Fig. 4 is a battery equivalent circuit simulation error.
Fig. 5 is an IEEE33 node system adapted.
Fig. 6 is a voltage source converter model.
Fig. 7 is a static optimal power flow optimization result node voltage.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Firstly, simulating an established retired battery equivalent circuit model through MATLAB/Simulink, wherein electromotive force is simulated by adopting a controlled voltage source, and Csei，Rsei，Cp，RpAnd simulating by adopting a corresponding variable resistor or variable capacitor, wherein the element parameters are functions of the SOC, and the load is simulated by adopting a controlled current source. The current is a constant value 2A in the simulation process, the SOC calculation method is shown as a formula (11), and corresponding parameter values are calculated through the formulas (1) - (5).
Figure GDA0002972521720000041
In the formula, C0Is the initial capacity of the battery discharge; cnRated capacity (2Ah) of the battery; Δ t is the simulation step size.
The simulation results are shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from the figure, the root mean square difference of the error between the simulation result and the actual battery discharge experimental data is 0.0779, and the model meets the precision requirement. Further analysis of the error, as shown in fig. 4, the voltage error was in the 0.1V (3%) range.
And secondly, modeling an equivalent circuit model of the retired battery.
Step 1, establishing a decommissioned battery monomer equivalent circuit shown in figure 1, increasing 34 nodes as energy storage system access network nodes based on a modified IEEE33 node system, wherein the 34 nodes are connected with the AC side of a converter through a 10/0.4kV transformer (S11-1000/10-0.4) and the DC side of the converter is connected with a decommissioned battery pack as shown in a modified 33 node system shown in figure 5. And the battery pack is connected into a 18 node with the lowest point of the voltage amplitude of each node calculated by load flow, the power reference value is 10MW, the voltage reference value of a 10kV voltage class line is 12.66kV, and the voltage reference value of a 0.4kV voltage class line is 0.4 kV.
And 2, analyzing and determining influence factors and parameters influencing each stage based on the retired battery monomer equivalent circuit model and in combination with the actual discharge curve of the battery.
And step 3, the retired battery pack consists of 18650(4.2V/2Ah) single batteries, and is obtained based on the actual battery discharge curve fitting, wherein a is 0.6643, b is 3.594, c is-8.029, d is 145.6, e is-3.287, and f is 38.44.
Step 4. calculate Csei,0＝216，Rsei,0＝0.1663，Cp,0＝1151，Rp,00.1894; is obtained based on the actual discharge curve fitting of the battery, alpha1＝5，β1＝0.85，α2＝1.2，β20.8; setting internal resistance R of retired battery cells＝0.2183。
And 5, calculating based on the formula (6), wherein each battery module is formed by connecting 500 single batteries in 10 strings and 50 in parallel, and the equivalent electromotive force of the battery module is 42V. 20 battery modules are serially installed on a bracket with a heat dissipation function to form a battery cluster, and the equivalent electromotive force Eep200E 840V, and 16 battery clusters are connected in parallel to form a retired battery pack.
Step 6, the equivalent resistance of the retired battery pack can be calculated based on the formula (7)
Figure GDA0002972521720000051
And 7, randomly generating initial SOC data which accord with different distributions, calculating the consistency of the series branch single batteries based on the formula (8), and performing subsequent example analysis by taking the consistency of 0.85, 0.95 and 1 as examples respectively.
And 8, correcting the equivalent electromotive force and the equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery pack through the consistency coefficient mu, and applying the corrected equivalent electromotive force and the corrected equivalent resistance of the retired battery pack to the system shown in the figure 5.
And thirdly, accessing the retired battery pack into an IEEE33 node system through a Voltage Source Converter (VSC), wherein a VSC model is shown in figure 6. The VSC model consists of a converter bridge and a converter reactance XlConverter resistor R and AC filter XcAnd (4) forming. AC bus voltage of
Figure GDA0002972521720000052
The AC side voltage of the converter bridge is
Figure GDA0002972521720000053
Delta is
Figure GDA0002972521720000054
Hysteresis
Figure GDA0002972521720000055
The phase angle of (c). The direct-current side voltage of the converter bridge is UdCurrent is Id. Effective value U of alternating-current side voltage of converter bridgecIs measured by UdThe pulse width modulation degree M (M is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1) and the direct-current voltage utilization rate eta are determined, as shown in a formula (12).
Figure GDA0002972521720000056
The direction of each physical quantity shown in fig. 6 is taken as a positive direction, and the active power and the reactive power transmitted between the VSC and the alternating current bus are as follows:
Figure GDA0002972521720000057
Figure GDA0002972521720000058
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0002972521720000059
α＝arctan(R/Xl)。
the input power and the output power of the two sides of the converter bridge are equal, as shown in the formula (15).
Pc＝UdId (15)
And fourthly, establishing a power distribution network optimization power flow model containing the retired battery pack by taking the minimum network loss as a target, wherein the specific model is shown as a formula (16).
Figure GDA0002972521720000061
In the formula, Pn，QnActive power and reactive power are respectively injected into the node n. U shapen，In，θnThe voltage, injected current and phase difference of the node N, where N is the number of ac nodes. U shapelb，UubRespectively, the lower limit and the upper limit of the node voltage. Plb，Pub，Qlb，QubAnd respectively transmitting the lower limit and the upper limit of active power and reactive power for the energy storage system and the alternating current network.
And fifthly, applying the retired battery pack model to the optimal calculation of static optimization of the power distribution network, wherein the optimization is performed under three scenes, namely:
scene one: the consistency coefficient of the retired battery of the energy storage system is 0.85;
scene two: the consistency coefficient of the retired battery of the energy storage system is 0.95;
scene three: the consistency coefficient of the retired battery of the energy storage system is 1.
The upper and lower limits of the voltage and the battery energy storage output are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Voltage, upper and lower limits of battery energy storage output
Figure GDA0002972521720000062
The node voltage amplitudes of the three scene optimization results are shown in fig. 7, and it can be seen from the graph that the two scene optimization results are the same as the three scene optimization results, and the node voltage amplitudes of the first scene are not larger than those of the other two scenes. Table 2 shows the ac network active network loss in the three scene optimization results. In the first scenario, the network loss is highest due to the worst consistency in the retired battery pack, and in the second scenario and the third scenario, due to the high consistency and the large available capacity of the battery, the optimal solutions are covered, so that the two sets of optimization results are the same.
TABLE 2 static optimal power flow optimization results
Figure GDA0002972521720000063
Figure GDA0002972521720000071
In three scenarios, the dc parameters in the optimization results are shown in table 3. In a first scenario, the VSC pulse width modulation degree is 0.9999, which is close to the upper limit 1, and the physical quantity measures the magnitude of the output of the energy storage system, and when the magnitude of the output of the energy storage system reaches the upper limit, it indicates that the output of the energy storage system also reaches the upper limit. The smaller the pulse width modulation degree is, the larger margin of the energy storage system is still indicated, and the output can be continued. In the three scenes, the consistency coefficients of the single batteries of the energy storage system are sequentially increased, the pulse width modulation degrees are sequentially reduced, and in the scene with the highest consistency, the adjustment capacity of the energy storage system is the highest. In scenario one, the output of the energy storage system is limited due to the consistency of the single batteries forming the energy storage system, so that the optimal state cannot be reached.
TABLE 3 DC parameters for static optimal power flow results
Figure GDA0002972521720000072
According to the analysis, in the optimization model taking the minimum network active loss as the objective function, the retired battery pack can assist in reducing the network loss and improving the economical efficiency of the power distribution network. The higher the consistency of the retired battery pack, the smaller the grid loss, and the limited output capacity. The calculation method of the retired battery pack equivalent model can be close to the actual running state of the battery, and the participated optimal power flow model of the power distribution network can achieve the expected target, so that the target function achieves the optimal state under the parameter limiting condition.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, but not should be understood as the limitation of the scope of the invention patent, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. An equivalent model modeling method for an electric automobile retired battery pack is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, providing a retired battery single equivalent circuit model suitable for power grid operation, wherein the retired battery single equivalent circuit model consists of battery electromotive force E and battery ohmic internal resistance RSAnd two resistance-capacitance parallel circuits are connected in series; wherein, the resistance-capacitance parallel circuit is formed by the resistance R of the SEI of the solid electrolyte membrane of the batteryseiAnd a capacitor CseiParallel connection; the resistance-capacitance parallel circuit is composed of a double electric layer capacitor CpAnd a charge transfer resistance RpParallel connection;
step 2, according to the retired battery monomer equivalent circuit model in the step 1, combining with the actual discharge curve of the battery, analyzing and determining influence factors and parameters influencing each stage, specifically: the main cause of the formation of the step-like phase is the voltage drop over the ohmic internal resistance R when the cell is switched on to conduct electricitysCan instantaneously form voltage drop to cause terminal voltage drop, at this time, because the capacitor voltage can not be suddenly changed, Csei，CpThe voltages at the two ends are both 0; in the stage of the platform, the capacitor is gradually charged, the electromotive force is reduced, and the voltage of a circuit end is slowly reduced; in the amplitude-returning stage, the battery is disconnected and poweredBoth ends of the pond are suspended, at the moment, Csei，CpTwo capacitors pass through R respectivelysei，RpForming a discharge loop for discharging;
step 3, fitting an expression of the electromotive force E and the SOC of the battery in the equivalent circuit model of the retired battery monomer, wherein the expression is shown as the formula (1);
Figure FDA0002972521710000011
in the formula, a, b, c, d, e and f are coefficients and are obtained by fitting an actual discharge curve of the battery;
step 4, establishing each parameter C in the retired battery monomer equivalent circuit modelsei，Rsei，Cp，RpThe SOC relationship is shown in formula (2) to formula (5);
Csei＝Csei,0(1+α1SOC) (2)
Rsei＝Rsei,0(1-β1SOC) (3)
Cp＝Cp,0(1+α2SOC) (4)
Rp＝Rp,0(1-β2SOC) (5)
in the formula, Csei,0The capacitor is an SEI capacitor when the SOC of the retired battery monomer is 0; rsei,0The battery is the SEI resistance when the SOC of the retired battery monomer is 0; cp,0The double-electric-layer capacitance is the electric double-layer capacitance when the SOC of the retired battery monomer is 0; rp,0The charge transfer resistance is the charge transfer resistance when the SOC of the retired battery monomer is 0; alpha is alpha1，β1，α2，β2The coefficient is obtained by fitting the actual discharge curve of the battery;
step 5, obtaining an equivalent model of the retired battery monomer through steps 1-4, wherein the retired battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of retired batteries in series and in parallel, and if the number of the single batteries of the serial branch in the retired battery pack is m and the number of the serial branch in the parallel branch is n, the retired battery pack has m × n retired battery monomers; in steady-state operation, the voltage at two ends of a capacitor element in the retired battery single equivalent circuit model is constant, and the capacitor is in power-onThe circuit has no influence, the capacitor element is removed, and the simplified retired battery monomer equivalent model consists of electromotive force and resistance; equivalent electromotive force E of retired battery packepAs shown in formula (6);
Eep＝mE (6)
step 6, equivalent resistance R of retired battery packeqAs shown in formula (7);
Figure FDA0002972521710000021
step 7, calculating the consistency of the single batteries of the serial branch circuit based on the information entropy, and defining a consistency coefficient as a formula (8);
Figure FDA0002972521710000022
therein, SOCmeanThe average value of the state of charge of the batteries of the retired battery pack; SOCNA nominal value for the state of charge of a battery of a decommissioned battery; h is retired battery data information entropy; hmaxThe maximum value of the retired battery data information entropy is obtained;
step 8, correcting equivalent electromotive force and equivalent resistance in the equivalent circuit of the battery pack through the consistency coefficient mu, wherein the corrected equivalent electromotive force and equivalent resistance of the retired battery pack are respectively shown as a formula (9) and a formula (10);
Eep＝μmE (9)
Figure FDA0002972521710000023
in conclusion, the modeling of the equivalent model of the electric automobile retired battery pack applied to the power system is completed.
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