CN111853755A - Multi-source energy-based water replenishing and deoxidizing control method for condenser - Google Patents

Multi-source energy-based water replenishing and deoxidizing control method for condenser Download PDF

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CN111853755A
CN111853755A CN202010734721.0A CN202010734721A CN111853755A CN 111853755 A CN111853755 A CN 111853755A CN 202010734721 A CN202010734721 A CN 202010734721A CN 111853755 A CN111853755 A CN 111853755A
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real
condenser
water replenishing
time
reference value
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CN111853755B (en
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徐新果
童小忠
居国腾
朱宝
孙海龙
李丰均
石家魁
姚坤
万杰
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Zhejiang Zheneng Shaoxing Binhai Thermal Power Co ltd
Harbin Institute of Technology
Zhejiang Energy Group Research Institute Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Zheneng Shaoxing Binhai Thermal Power Co ltd
Harbin Institute of Technology
Zhejiang Energy Group Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/50Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D5/00Controlling water feed or water level; Automatic water feeding or water-level regulators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28BSTEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B11/00Controlling arrangements with features specially adapted for condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28BSTEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/04Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for feeding, collecting, and storing cooling water or other cooling liquid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-source energy-based condenser water replenishing and deoxidizing control method, belongs to the technical field of steam turbine manufacturing, and aims to solve the problems that the conventional condenser water replenishing and deoxidizing method is large in water replenishing temperature fluctuation and insufficient in heating heat source supply. It includes: the condenser is heated by adopting a desulfurization recovered flue gas waste heat, solar energy and a plant standby power supply to realize water supplement, and the switching of the three energy sources is controlled by embedding a distributed control system; the control method of the embedded distributed control system comprises the following steps: acquiring an optimal temperature reference value according to the backpressure of the condenser; taking the difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature and the optimal temperature reference value as a feedback signal; the difference value of the real-time steam extraction amount of the unit and the real-time water supplement amount of the unit is used as a feedforward signal; and the difference value of the real-time steam extraction amount of the unit and the real-time water supplement amount of the unit is used as a control signal of a flash steam source, and the flash steam flow for deoxidizing of the condenser is controlled to realize deoxidizing. The invention is used for steam extraction operation of the coal-fired unit.

Description

Multi-source energy-based water replenishing and deoxidizing control method for condenser
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-source energy-based water replenishing and deoxidizing control method for a condenser, and belongs to the technical field of steam turbine manufacturing.
Background
The electric energy is widely applied to various fields such as power, illumination, chemistry, spinning, communication, broadcasting and the like, and is the main power for scientific and technical development and people's economic leap. Electrical energy plays a significant role in our lives. At present, electric energy is mainly derived from fossil fuel coal, and the main medium for energy transfer is water.
In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of power generation equipment, water treatment is an important process, wherein the oxygen content of feed water is an important index. Taking a 300MW unit as an example, when the oxygen content of a condenser is less than 30 mug/L, the normal control index is reached, the exceeding of the condensed water-soluble oxygen (more than 70 mug/L) will corrode heating equipment such as a condensed water system pipeline of the unit, meanwhile, the vacuum of the unit is influenced, the coal consumption of power generation is increased, and the safety of the unit is influenced when a corrosion product enters a boiler. Therefore, the control of the oxygen content of feed water of the condenser is particularly important, while the water supplement amount of the condenser of the existing pure condensing unit is not large and is generally less than 2% of the main steam flow during normal operation, the requirement can be met through a normal water supplement pipeline, and the oxygen removal effect can be achieved through flash evaporation in the condenser.
However, with the rapid development of industrial production and the continuous advance of urbanization, the demand for heat supply increases sharply, and particularly, the hourly steam extraction amount of a unit subjected to cogeneration modification increases from tens of tons to hundreds of tons. The condensate water replenishing and deoxidizing is realized by replenishing water and heating by using low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam and heating steam.
The following problems arise from this:
1. the problem of large fluctuation of the water replenishing temperature is as follows: due to the increase of heat supply objects, the steam extraction amount of a unit can generate large fluctuation, and the fluctuation of the water supplement amount is brought along with the large fluctuation, so that the quality of water supplement and oxygen removal is difficult to ensure by the conventional oxygen removal mode;
2. the problem of insufficient supply of a water replenishing and heating heat source of the condenser is as follows: because the existing water replenishing and deoxidizing heat source utilizes the exhaust waste heat of the low-pressure cylinder, the reconstruction of the unit for further improving the heat supply capacity is limited, such as cylinder cutting reconstruction. For example, after a low-pressure cylinder of a certain power plant is cut off and modified, the steam flow of the low-pressure cylinder is less than 50t/h, and the small steam flow cannot heat a large amount of water supplemented by a condenser to be close to the saturation temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of large water supplement temperature fluctuation and insufficient heating heat source supply of the existing heating water supplement and deoxidizing method of a condenser, and provides a water supplement and deoxidizing control method of the condenser based on multi-source energy.
The invention discloses a multi-source energy-based condenser water replenishing and deoxidizing control method, which comprises the following steps:
the condenser is heated by adopting a desulfurization recovered flue gas waste heat, solar energy and a plant standby power supply to realize water supplement, and the switching of the three energy sources is controlled by embedding a distributed control system;
the control method of the embedded distributed control system comprises the following steps:
acquiring an optimal temperature reference value according to the backpressure of the condenser; taking the difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature and the optimal temperature reference value as a feedback signal;
the difference value of the real-time steam extraction amount of the unit and the real-time water supplement amount of the unit is used as a feedforward signal;
and the difference value of the real-time steam extraction amount of the unit and the real-time water supplement amount of the unit is used as a control signal of a flash steam source, and the flash steam flow for deoxidizing of the condenser is controlled to realize deoxidizing.
Preferably, the control method further includes:
a demineralized water storage tank is additionally arranged in front of the demineralized water replenishing tank;
the solar energy is adopted to heat the demineralized water storage tank.
Preferably, the volume of the demineralized water storage tank is 3-5 times of that of the demineralized water replenishing tank.
Preferably, the specific method for using the difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature and the optimal temperature reference value as the feedback signal includes:
s2-1, heating the condenser by adopting the desulfurization recovered flue gas waste heat, and acquiring the real-time water replenishing temperature at the inlet of the condenser in real time;
s2-2, making a difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature acquired in the S2-1 and the optimal temperature reference value:
when the real-time water supplementing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is more than or equal to 10 ℃, returning to execute S2-1;
when the real-time water supplementing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is less than 10 ℃, S2-3 is executed;
s2-3, heating the condenser by adopting desulfurization recovered flue gas waste heat and solar energy, and acquiring the real-time water replenishing temperature at the inlet of the condenser in real time;
s2-4, making a difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature acquired in the S2-3 and the optimal temperature reference value:
when the real-time water supplementing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is more than or equal to 10 ℃, returning to execute S2-1;
when the real-time water supplementing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is less than 10 ℃, S2-5 is executed;
s2-5, heating the condenser by adopting desulfurization to recover flue gas waste heat, solar energy and station service power, and acquiring real-time water replenishing temperature at an inlet of the condenser in real time;
s2-6, making a difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature acquired in the S2-5 and the optimal temperature reference value:
when the real-time water supplementing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is more than or equal to 10 ℃, returning to execute S2-1;
and when the real-time water supplementing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is less than 10 ℃, repeatedly executing S2-6.
Preferably, when the desulfurization is adopted to recover the flue gas waste heat and the solar energy is adopted to heat the condenser in the step S2-3, the method further comprises the following logic:
under the stable working condition, collecting solar working current i (t), and real-time water replenishing current i of a condenser1(t) and heating current i of demineralized water storage tank2(t);
When i (t) is equal to i1(t)+i2And (t) repeating the step S2-3.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention provides a multi-source energy-based condenser water replenishing and deoxidizing control method, which is used for analyzing the difference of condenser water replenishing temperatures of thermal power generating units under different working conditions, different operation modes and different water replenishing amounts. Combine together desulfurization recovery flue gas waste heat and solar energy for the moisturizing is realized to instant heating condenser, still introduce the station service power of the same kind for guaranteeing the stability of heat source, the control of three kinds of heating energy is realized through the heating power supply control logic of embedding Distributed Control System (DCS), can control the stability of condenser moisturizing, be used for controlling the steam flow of heating condenser flash distillation plant with the deviation of extraction of steam and moisturizing as control signal, this real-time adjustment mechanism can dynamic adjustment steam flow, the use of the reduction steam that not only can be very big limit when solar energy and flue gas volume are sufficient, can also ensure the deoxidization quality.
Its advantages include:
1. by modifying the flue gas flow, after flue gas desulfurization is recovered, flue gas waste heat is adopted to heat the condenser to realize water replenishing, so that the energy utilization rate is improved, and the effect of white elimination of the flue gas can be achieved;
2. the utilization rate of new energy is improved by using solar energy;
3. one path of service power is introduced to stabilize the heating effect, so that the later-stage oxygen removal effect is improved;
4. a condenser water replenishing heating temperature control logic is established, switching of three kinds of energy is realized, and the energy utilization rate is improved;
5. and establishing a flow control logic of flash steam of the condenser to realize dynamic regulation of deoxygenation of the condenser.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a control schematic diagram of a water replenishing and oxygen removing control method of a condenser based on multi-source energy;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a prior art straight condensing unit;
FIG. 3 is a unit operation schematic diagram of the multi-source energy-based condenser water replenishing and oxygen removing control method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 1 to fig. 3, and the method for controlling the water replenishing and oxygen removing of the condenser based on the multi-source energy according to the embodiment includes:
the condenser is heated by adopting a desulfurization recovered flue gas waste heat, solar energy and a plant standby power supply to realize water supplement, and the switching of the three energy sources is controlled by embedding a distributed control system;
the control method of the embedded distributed control system comprises the following steps:
acquiring an optimal temperature reference value according to the backpressure of the condenser; taking the difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature and the optimal temperature reference value as a feedback signal;
the difference value of the real-time steam extraction amount of the unit and the real-time water supplement amount of the unit is used as a feedforward signal;
and the difference value of the real-time steam extraction amount of the unit and the real-time water supplement amount of the unit is used as a control signal of a flash steam source, and the flash steam flow for deoxidizing of the condenser is controlled to realize deoxidizing.
Further, the control method further includes: a demineralized water storage tank is additionally arranged in front of the demineralized water replenishing tank, and the volume of the demineralized water storage tank is 3-5 times that of the demineralized water replenishing tank; the solar energy is adopted to heat the demineralized water storage tank.
In this embodiment, set up the demineralized water storage water tank before the demineralized water moisturizing case, demineralized water storage water tank volume is 3 ~ 5 times of demineralized water moisturizing case volume, adopts solar energy to heat it. Is beneficial to absorbing the redundant solar heat.
In this embodiment, when the steam extraction volume is very little, the setting of moisturizing optimal temperature can be accomplished to the flue gas waste heat, does not need to continue to drop into solar heating this moment, so set up a demineralized water storage water tank in addition before the demineralized water moisturizing case, when setting up the volume of demineralized water storage water tank 3 ~ 5 times of demineralized water moisturizing case, give big energy buffering, the solar heating former one-level water source of cutting the past like this, be equivalent to the phase change energy storage.
Still further, the specific method for using the difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature and the optimal temperature reference value as the feedback signal includes:
s2-1, heating the condenser by adopting the desulfurization recovered flue gas waste heat, and acquiring the real-time water replenishing temperature at the inlet of the condenser in real time;
s2-2, subtracting the real-time water replenishing temperature obtained in the S2-1 from the optimal temperature reference value, returning to execute the S2-1 when the real-time water replenishing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is larger than or equal to 10 ℃, and executing the S2-3 when the real-time water replenishing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is smaller than 10 ℃;
s2-3, heating the condenser by adopting desulfurization recovered flue gas waste heat and solar energy, and acquiring the real-time water replenishing temperature at the inlet of the condenser in real time;
s2-4, subtracting the real-time water replenishing temperature obtained in the S2-3 from the optimal temperature reference value, returning to execute the S2-1 when the real-time water replenishing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is larger than or equal to 10 ℃, and executing the S2-5 when the real-time water replenishing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is smaller than 10 ℃;
s2-5, heating the condenser by adopting desulfurization to recover flue gas waste heat, solar energy and station service power, and acquiring real-time water replenishing temperature at an inlet of the condenser in real time;
and S2-6, subtracting the real-time water replenishing temperature obtained in the S2-5 from the optimal temperature reference value, returning to execute the S2-1 when the real-time water replenishing temperature-optimal temperature reference value is larger than or equal to 10 ℃, and repeatedly executing the S2-6 when the real-time water replenishing temperature-optimal temperature reference value is smaller than 10 ℃.
In this embodiment, the heating power control logic is mainly implemented by comparing the real-time water supply temperature of the condenser with an optimal temperature reference value (obtained from the back pressure of the condenser). The selection mode of three kinds of energy can reduce the station service power by furthest.
Still further, when the desulfurization is adopted to recover the flue gas waste heat and the solar energy is adopted to heat the condenser in the step S2-3, the method further comprises the following logic steps:
under the stable working condition, collecting solar working current i (t), and real-time water replenishing current i of a condenser1(t) and heating current i of demineralized water storage tank2(t) when i (t) is equal to i1(t)+i2And (t) repeating the step S2-3.
In this embodiment, when the solar energy is normally operated, the sliding variable resistance current regulator logic provided in this embodiment can prevent the solar energy from being frequently switched.
According to the problems in the prior art, if the high-quality oxygen content index is required to be guaranteed, no matter how the unit operation mode is changed and the steam extraction amount and the water supplement amount fluctuate, the water supplement temperature at the inlet of the condenser is guaranteed to be stably maintained above the saturation temperature of 10 ℃ under the current backpressure, and the stability of the water supplement temperature at the inlet of the condenser directly influences the effect of thermal deoxygenation. In view of the above, the invention provides a condenser water replenishing and deoxidizing control method for comprehensive energy utilization, which is characterized in that new energy is firstly utilized to preheat water, then the flue gas waste heat water replenishing is heated by optimizing a flue gas flow, and on the basis, feedback control is applied to the temperature of the replenishing water entering the condenser, so that the energy utilization efficiency can be improved, the economic value is high, and the quality of condensate water replenishing and deoxidizing is ensured.
With the investment of environmental protection facilities such as desulfurization and denitrification, the whole flue gas flow of a coal-fired unit is greatly changed, in order to achieve the purposes of flue gas waste heat utilization and efficient and stable operation of an environmental protection system, a power plant correspondingly transforms the flue gas flow, and in order to better explain the background of the invention of the patent, a common flue gas waste heat utilization mode is simply introduced as shown in fig. 2.
FIG. 2 is the operation flow of flue gas waste heat utilization of the conventional straight condensing unit. The main characteristic is that the flue gas volume of the flue gas outlet is added with one path of heat exchange water after passing through the denitration system, and the flue gas heat is replaced out to heat the flue gas after desulfurization, so that the main purpose of the operation mode is to reduce the flue gas temperature entering electric dust removal, the electric dust removal work is facilitated, the heat replaced out is used for heating the discharged flue gas to reach more than 56 degrees, and the flue gas whitening effect is met.
The invention is based on the thermodynamic process of figure 2, and is correspondingly improved on the basis of the thermodynamic process, so that the aim of stably deoxidizing the water supply is fulfilled while the energy utilization rate of the cogeneration unit is improved.
The flue gas waste heat utilization and the new energy are combined, and the schematic diagram of the water replenishing and oxygen removing of the condenser in the combined heat source heating mode is shown in the figure 3. The main improvement is based on the utilization of flue gas waste heat, the utilization object is to heat flue gas to supplement water to a condenser, and the solar energy and other new heating modes are combined, so that the solar energy and steam combined heating system can be used for supplementing water to heat condensers of all cogeneration units.
The water supplement amount and the steam extraction amount of the condenser are in dynamic change, the difference value of the steam extraction amount is kept to be a fixed value when the steam extraction amount is stable, once the steam extraction amount is changed, the water supplement amount is changed, a control logic is embedded into the existing unit, but the change of the water supplement amount inevitably causes the change of the steam consumption amount for flash evaporation, so that the difference signal of the water supplement amount and the steam consumption amount is used as a control signal of the steam consumption amount for flash evaporation to improve the economy of the unit and the stability of the oxygen content of feed water. Meanwhile, since the condenser water-replenishing temperature control is closed-loop control, and the control has a certain delay, the difference signal (the difference between the extraction steam amount and the water-replenishing amount) is introduced into the heating control logic as a feed-forward signal, as shown in fig. 1.
The reason for adding two power supplies to heat and supplement water is mainly based on intermittent consideration of solar energy, when the solar energy enters night, the solar energy does not exist, and therefore the solar energy is connected to a service power supply, although the service power consumption is increased to a certain extent, the energy conversion of the service power supply enters the whole energy cycle, and the service power consumption is in a reasonable interval by the aid of the design of a feedback mechanism.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.

Claims (5)

1. A multi-source energy-based condenser water replenishing and deoxidizing control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the condenser is heated by adopting a desulfurization recovered flue gas waste heat, solar energy and a plant standby power supply to realize water supplement, and the switching of the three energy sources is controlled by embedding a distributed control system;
the control method of the embedded distributed control system comprises the following steps:
acquiring an optimal temperature reference value according to the backpressure of the condenser; taking the difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature and the optimal temperature reference value as a feedback signal;
the difference value of the real-time steam extraction amount of the unit and the real-time water supplement amount of the unit is used as a feedforward signal;
and the difference value of the real-time steam extraction amount of the unit and the real-time water supplement amount of the unit is used as a control signal of a flash steam source, and the flash steam flow for deoxidizing of the condenser is controlled to realize deoxidizing.
2. The multi-source energy-based condenser water replenishing and oxygen removing control method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the following steps:
a demineralized water storage tank is additionally arranged in front of the demineralized water replenishing tank;
the solar energy is adopted to heat the demineralized water storage tank.
3. The multi-source energy-based condenser water replenishing and deoxidizing control method according to claim 2, wherein the volume of the demineralized water storage tank is 3-5 times of the volume of the demineralized water replenishing tank.
4. The multi-source energy-based condenser water replenishing and oxygen removing control method according to claim 2, wherein the specific method for taking the difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature and the optimal temperature reference value as the feedback signal comprises the following steps:
s2-1, heating the condenser by adopting the desulfurization recovered flue gas waste heat, and acquiring the real-time water replenishing temperature at the inlet of the condenser in real time;
s2-2, making a difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature acquired in the S2-1 and the optimal temperature reference value:
when the real-time water supplementing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is more than or equal to 10 ℃, returning to execute S2-1;
when the real-time water supplementing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is less than 10 ℃, S2-3 is executed;
s2-3, heating the condenser by adopting desulfurization recovered flue gas waste heat and solar energy, and acquiring the real-time water replenishing temperature at the inlet of the condenser in real time;
s2-4, making a difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature acquired in the S2-3 and the optimal temperature reference value:
when the real-time water supplementing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is more than or equal to 10 ℃, returning to execute S2-1;
when the real-time water supplementing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is less than 10 ℃, S2-5 is executed;
s2-5, heating the condenser by adopting desulfurization to recover flue gas waste heat, solar energy and station service power, and acquiring real-time water replenishing temperature at an inlet of the condenser in real time;
s2-6, making a difference between the real-time water replenishing temperature acquired in the S2-5 and the optimal temperature reference value:
when the real-time water supplementing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is more than or equal to 10 ℃, returning to execute S2-1;
and when the real-time water supplementing temperature-the optimal temperature reference value is less than 10 ℃, repeatedly executing S2-6.
5. The multi-source energy-based condenser water replenishing and oxygen removing control method of claim 4, wherein when S2-3 is executed, desulfurization is adopted to recover flue gas waste heat and solar energy is adopted to heat the condenser at the same time, the method further comprises sliding resistance-variable current regulator logic:
under the stable working condition, collecting solar working current i (t), and real-time water replenishing current i of a condenser1(t) and heating current i of demineralized water storage tank2(t);
When i (t) is equal to i1(t)+i2And (t) repeating the step S2-3.
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CN114396614A (en) * 2021-12-15 2022-04-26 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 Industrial water-replenishing and oxygen-removing system and method for low-pressure cylinder cutting unit
CN114396614B (en) * 2021-12-15 2023-07-18 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 Industrial water supplementing and deoxidizing system and deoxidizing method for low-pressure cylinder cutting unit

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