CN111850832A - Antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/551—Resins thereof not provided for in groups D04H1/544 - D04H1/55
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
- D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/44—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic System; Zincates; Cadmates
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/46—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System; Titanates; Zirconates; Stannates; Plumbates
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
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- D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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Abstract
The invention provides an antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric which is prepared from modified polypropylene, glass fiber and graphene oxide sol, wherein the modified polypropylene is prepared by polymerizing polypropylene and an N- (3-aminopropyl) acrylamide monomer, and the chemical structural formula of the modified polypropylene is shown as a formula I. The preparation method is simple, the prepared melt-blown non-woven fabric has good antibacterial performance and low barrier property, and can be applied to a water purifier to dissociate chloride ions under the action of water, so that a good sterilization effect is achieved, and the material can be repeatedly used after being subjected to chlorine bleaching again, so that the service life of the material is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven fabrics, in particular to an antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the economy of China, the air quality of cities is increasingly deteriorated. As is well known, most of the people in China already have a tiger change to PM2.5, and various large media, forums and famous social scholars have a profound call for enhancing the treatment of air pollution, and various "PM 2.5 forecast platforms" continuously update pollution indexes of cities across the country.
The fine suspended particles are extremely small particulate matters scattered in the air, and PM2.5 belongs to the fine suspended particles, and particularly comprises the following components: fine suspended particles having a particle diameter in the range of 2.5 μm or less in units of μ g/m3And (4) showing. PM2.5 is about 1/28 for hair diameter and 1/35 for sand diameter, so it can penetrate alveoli directly into blood vessels and circulate throughout the body. PM2.5 fine suspended particles and a large number of microorganisms attached to the surfaces of the particles can multiply and propagate in daily life, so that people can suffer from 'modern diseases', such as air-conditioning diseases caused by legionella and the like and refrigerator syndromes caused by listeria and the like. According to WHO statistics, the world deaths are in the order of five to over ten thousand per year, with the population of deaths due to bacterial infections accounting for approximately 33%.
In the face of such severe air environment and potential safety hazard, how to treat the existing atmospheric environment from the development and planning of the country and how to reduce the harm of air pollutants from the personal health have become the focus of attention of the current society. People have paid more and more attention to the breathing health of individuals, and more masks and air purifier products have raised consumption wave on the market.
No matter the air purifier of household appliance products or the mask of personal protection products, harmful particle type air pollutants are filtered by using melt-blown non-woven materials as the filtering core, and particularly, the air purifier has excellent control effect on PM2.5 type pollutants. However, the good air purification material not only has good capability of filtering PM2.5 fine suspended particles, but also can inhibit bacteria from breeding on the surface of the material. Unfortunately, currently, the manufacturing enterprises of mainstream air purification materials at home and abroad develop melt-blown nonwoven materials which have no function of inhibiting the growth of bacteria.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method is simple, the prepared melt-blown non-woven fabric has good antibacterial performance and low barrier property, and can be applied to a water purifier to dissociate chloride ions under the action of water, so that a good sterilization effect is achieved, and the material can be repeatedly used after being subjected to chlorine bleaching again, so that the service life of the material is prolonged.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides an antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric which is prepared from modified polypropylene, glass fiber and graphene oxide sol, wherein the modified polypropylene is prepared by polymerizing polypropylene and an N- (3-aminopropyl) acryloyl amide monomer, and the chemical structural formula is shown as a formula I:
as a further improvement of the invention, the preparation method of the modified polypropylene comprises the following steps: firstly, polypropylene, N- (3-aminopropyl) acryloyl amide monomer and initiator are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is fed into a screw extruder, the mixture is melted under the heating condition to generate graft copolymerization reaction, the mixture is extruded by the extruder and then cooled, and finally the mixture is cut into uniform modified polypropylene.
As a further improvement of the invention, the preparation method of the modified polypropylene comprises the following steps: firstly, 100 parts by weight of polypropylene, 70-120 parts by weight of N- (3-aminopropyl) acryloyl amide monomer and 0.1-1 part by weight of initiator are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is fed into a screw extruder, heated to the condition of 250 ℃ for melting, subjected to graft copolymerization reaction, extruded by the extruder, cooled and finally cut into uniform modified polypropylene.
As a further improvement of the invention, the initiator is selected from one or a mixture of more of sodium bisulfite, azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptonitrile, benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, tert-butyl peroxypivalate, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate and ammonium persulfate.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing superfine fibers: heating, melting and uniformly mixing 100-200 parts by weight of modified polypropylene, 20-40 parts by weight of glass fiber and 15-30 parts by weight of graphene oxide sol, spraying the mixture from a capillary spinneret orifice, and stretching the mixture under the action of hot air to prepare continuous superfine fibers with the average fiber diameter of 4-5 mu m and the diameter distribution of 3.5-6 mu m;
s2, preparing melt-blown fabric: drawing the superfine fiber sprayed from the capillary spinneret orifice by drafting airflow, blowing the superfine fiber to a roller, collecting the superfine fiber on the roller, uniformly spraying 10-20 parts by weight of inorganic nano particles, and bonding the inorganic nano particles serving as spacing points into cloth by self heat;
S3, collecting and coiling: collecting the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric on a roller, and coiling the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric into a coil by a coiling mechanism, wherein the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric is ready for cutting;
s4, shaping: and (3) adopting a heat setting machine to set for 5-10min at the temperature of 120-150 ℃ to obtain the final product of the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric.
As a further improvement of the invention, the heating and melting temperature in the step S1 is 1000-1200 ℃.
As a further improvement of the invention, the distance from the outlet of the capillary spinneret orifice to the roller in the step S2 is 7-12 cm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the surface density of the coiled cloth in the step S3 is 220-270g/cm2。
As a further improvement of the invention, the inorganic nano particles are one or a mixture of several of nano silver powder, nano copper, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium dioxide.
As a further improvement of the invention, the diameter of the inorganic nanoparticles is 25-50 nm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the modified polypropylene prepared by the invention is polymerized and modified by polypropylene and N- (3-aminopropyl) acrylamide monomer to generate the polymer with amino, and the fiber filament or melt-blown cloth directly prepared from the modified polypropylene does not have antibacterial property and can be sterilized only after being bleached by chlorine. The chlorine bleaching treatment is to replace hydrogen ions on the chloramine compound with chloride ions, and during the water filtration process, the chloride ions form free chlorine, namely active chlorine, when meeting water, and after the active chlorine is used for killing bacteria, the hydrogen ions replace the chloride ions, but the sterilization process is reversible. The material which has lost activity is carried out chlorine bleaching again, and can be charged with chloride ions again, thereby realizing repeated sterilization and greatly prolonging the service life of the antibacterial material, and the reaction mechanism diagram is shown in figure 1. Unlike conventional antibacterial materials, the monomer has a higher and more stable sterilization rate because the chloramine compound is polymerized with the polypropylene through a grafting reaction, rather than being adhered or sprayed on the surface of the fiber.
According to the invention, after the glass fiber, the graphene oxide sol and the modified polypropylene are mixed and melted, the mechanical property of the filament is enhanced, so that the filament is not easy to break and deform even if the filament is prepared into an ultrafine filament fiber, inorganic nanoparticles are uniformly sprayed in the preparation process, and a certain spacing space is formed in the middle of the filament, thereby reducing the barrier property of the melt-blown non-woven fabric and enabling the melt-blown non-woven fabric to be easier to permeate, and meanwhile, the inorganic nanoparticles also have a certain antibacterial property and enhance the antibacterial effect of the non-woven fabric;
the preparation method is simple, the prepared melt-blown non-woven fabric has good antibacterial performance and low barrier property, and can be applied to a water purifier to dissociate chloride ions under the action of water, so that a good sterilization effect is achieved, and the material can be repeatedly used after being subjected to chlorine bleaching again, so that the service life of the material is prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the sterilization reaction mechanism of the modified polypropylene of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Polypropylene CAS number 9003-07-0; n- (3-aminopropyl) acryloyl amide CAS number 21381-79-3; glass fiber CAS number 65997-17-3; graphene oxide sol CAS number 7782-42-5; azobisisobutyronitrile CAS number 78-67-1; t-butyl hydroperoxide CAS number 75-91-2; potassium persulfate CAS number 7727-21-1; nano titanium dioxide CAS number 13463-67-7; nano zinc oxide CAS number 1314-13-2; silver nanopowder CAS number 7440-22-4. All chemicals were commercially available.
Example 1 preparation method of antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown nonwoven fabric
S1, a preparation method of modified polypropylene comprises the following steps: firstly, 100g of polypropylene, 70g N- (3-aminopropyl) acryloyl amide monomer and 0.1g of azodiisobutyronitrile are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is fed into a screw extruder, heated to 220 ℃ for melting, subjected to graft copolymerization reaction, extruded by the extruder, cooled and finally cut into uniform modified polypropylene, wherein the chemical structural formula is shown as a formula I;
Example 2 preparation method of antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown nonwoven fabric
S1. preparation method of modified polypropylene: firstly, 100g of polypropylene, 120g N- (3-aminopropyl) acryloyl amide monomer and 1g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is fed into a screw extruder, is heated to 250 ℃ for melting, generates graft copolymerization reaction, is extruded by the extruder and then is cooled, and finally is cut into uniform modified polypropylene;
s2, preparing superfine fibers: heating and melting 200g of modified polypropylene, 40g of glass fiber and 30g of graphene oxide sol at 1200 ℃, uniformly mixing, spraying out from a capillary spinneret orifice, stretching under the action of hot air, and preparing continuous superfine fiber with the average fiber diameter of 5 microns and the diameter distribution of 3.5-6 microns;
s3, preparing melt-blown fabric: drawing the superfine fiber sprayed from the capillary spinneret orifice by drafting airflow, blowing the superfine fiber to a roller, collecting the superfine fiber on the roller, uniformly spraying 20g of nano zinc oxide, wherein the average diameter of the nano zinc oxide is 50nm, the nano zinc oxide is taken as a spacing point, the nano zinc oxide is bonded into cloth by self heat, and the distance from the outlet of the capillary spinneret orifice to the roller is 12 cm;
s4, collecting and coiling: collecting the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric on a roller, and coiling the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric into a coil by a coiling mechanism, wherein the areal density of the coiled fabric is 270g/cm 2Distributing the cloth for cutting;
s5, shaping: and (3) shaping for 10min at 150 ℃ by adopting a heat-shaping machine to obtain the final product of the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric.
Example 3 preparation method of antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown nonwoven fabric
S1. preparation method of modified polypropylene: firstly, 100g of polypropylene, 100g N- (3-aminopropyl) acryloyl amide monomer and 0.5g of potassium persulfate are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is fed into a screw extruder, the mixture is heated to 235 ℃ for melting, graft copolymerization reaction occurs, the mixture is extruded by the extruder and then cooled, and finally the mixture is cut into uniform modified polypropylene;
s2, preparing superfine fibers: heating and melting 150g of modified polypropylene, 30g of glass fiber and 22g of graphene oxide sol at 1100 ℃, uniformly mixing, spraying out from a capillary spinneret orifice, stretching under the action of hot air, and preparing continuous superfine fiber with the average fiber diameter of 4.5 microns and the diameter distribution of 3.5-6 microns;
s3, preparing melt-blown fabric: drawing the superfine fiber sprayed from the capillary spinneret orifice by drafting airflow, blowing the superfine fiber to a roller, collecting the superfine fiber on the roller, uniformly spraying 15g of nano silver powder, wherein the average diameter of the nano silver powder is 35nm, the nano silver powder is taken as a spacing point, the nano silver powder is bonded into cloth by self heat, and the distance from the outlet of the capillary spinneret orifice to the roller is 10 cm;
S4, collecting and coiling: collecting the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric on a roller, and coiling the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric into a coil by a coiling mechanism, wherein the surface density of the coiled fabric is 250g/cm2Distributing the cloth for cutting;
s5, shaping: and (3) shaping for 7min at 135 ℃ by adopting a heat-shaping machine to obtain the final product of the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 3, the common polypropylene is adopted to replace the modified polypropylene, and other conditions are not changed.
S1, preparing superfine fibers: heating and melting 150g of polypropylene, 30g of glass fiber and 22g of graphene oxide sol at 1100 ℃, uniformly mixing, spraying out from a capillary spinneret orifice, stretching under the action of hot air, and preparing continuous superfine fiber with the average fiber diameter of 4.5 microns and the diameter distribution of 3.5-6 microns;
s2, preparing melt-blown fabric: drawing the superfine fiber sprayed from the capillary spinneret orifice by drafting airflow, blowing the superfine fiber to a roller, collecting the superfine fiber on the roller, uniformly spraying 15g of nano silver powder, wherein the average diameter of the nano silver powder is 35nm, inorganic nano particles are used as spacing points, the nano silver powder is bonded into cloth by self heat, and the distance from the outlet of the capillary spinneret orifice to the roller is 10 cm;
s3, collecting and coiling: collecting the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric on a roller, and coiling the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric into a coil by a coiling mechanism, wherein the surface density of the coiled fabric is 250g/cm 2Distributing the cloth for cutting;
s4, shaping: and (3) shaping for 7min at 135 ℃ by adopting a heat-shaping machine to obtain the final product of the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric.
Comparative example 2
Compared with example 3, the nano silver powder is not added, and other conditions are not changed.
S1. preparation method of modified polypropylene: firstly, 100g of polypropylene, 100g N- (3-aminopropyl) acryloyl amide monomer and 0.5g of potassium persulfate are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is fed into a screw extruder, the mixture is heated to 235 ℃ for melting, graft copolymerization reaction occurs, the mixture is extruded by the extruder and then cooled, and finally the mixture is cut into uniform modified polypropylene;
s2, preparing superfine fibers: heating and melting 150g of modified polypropylene, 30g of glass fiber and 22g of graphene oxide sol, wherein the heating and melting temperature is 1100 ℃, uniformly mixing, spraying out from a capillary spinneret orifice, stretching under the action of hot air, cooling to room temperature under the action of cold air, and soaking the sprayed filaments in 200mL of propylene glycol aqueous solution (the mass fraction of propylene glycol is 20 wt%) for 22min at room temperature to prepare continuous superfine fibers with the average fiber diameter of 4.5 mu m and the diameter distribution of 3.5-6 mu m;
s3, preparing melt-blown fabric: drawing the superfine fiber sprayed from the capillary spinneret orifice by drafting airflow, blowing the superfine fiber to a roller, collecting the superfine fiber on the roller, bonding the superfine fiber into cloth by self heat, wherein the distance from the outlet of the capillary spinneret orifice to the roller is 10 cm;
S4, collecting and coiling: collecting the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric on a roller, and coiling the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric into a coil by a coiling mechanism, wherein the surface density of the coiled fabric is 250g/cm2Distributing the cloth for cutting;
s5, shaping: and (3) shaping for 7min at 135 ℃ by adopting a heat-shaping machine to obtain the final product of the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric.
Comparative example 3
Compared with example 3, no graphene oxide sol was added, and other conditions were not changed.
S1. preparation method of modified polypropylene: firstly, 100g of polypropylene, 100g N- (3-aminopropyl) acryloyl amide monomer and 0.5g of potassium persulfate are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is fed into a screw extruder, the mixture is heated to 235 ℃ for melting, graft copolymerization reaction occurs, the mixture is extruded by the extruder and then cooled, and finally the mixture is cut into uniform modified polypropylene;
s2, preparing superfine fibers: heating and melting 150g of modified polypropylene and 52g of glass fiber at 1100 ℃, uniformly mixing, spraying out from a capillary spinneret orifice, stretching under the action of hot air, and preparing continuous superfine fiber with the average fiber diameter of 4.5 mu m and the diameter distribution of 3.5-6 mu m;
s3, preparing melt-blown fabric: drawing the superfine fiber sprayed from the capillary spinneret orifice by drafting airflow, blowing the superfine fiber to a roller, collecting the superfine fiber on the roller, uniformly spraying 15g of nano silver powder, wherein the average diameter of the nano silver powder is 35nm, the nano silver powder is taken as a spacing point, the nano silver powder is bonded into cloth by self heat, and the distance from the outlet of the capillary spinneret orifice to the roller is 10 cm;
S4, collecting and coiling: collecting the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric on a roller, and coiling the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric into a coil by a coiling mechanism, wherein the surface density of the coiled fabric is 250g/cm2Distributing the cloth for cutting;
s5, shaping: and (3) shaping for 7min at 135 ℃ by adopting a heat-shaping machine to obtain the final product of the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric.
Comparative example 4
Compared with example 3, no glass fiber was added, and other conditions were not changed.
S1. preparation method of modified polypropylene: firstly, 100g of polypropylene, 100g N- (3-aminopropyl) acryloyl amide monomer and 0.5g of potassium persulfate are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is fed into a screw extruder, the mixture is heated to 235 ℃ for melting, graft copolymerization reaction occurs, the mixture is extruded by the extruder and then cooled, and finally the mixture is cut into uniform modified polypropylene;
s2, preparing superfine fibers: heating and melting 150g of modified polypropylene and 52g of graphene oxide sol at 1100 ℃, uniformly mixing, spraying out from a capillary spinneret orifice, stretching under the action of hot air, and preparing continuous superfine fibers with the average fiber diameter of 4.5 mu m and the diameter distribution of 3.5-6 mu m;
s3, preparing melt-blown fabric: drawing the superfine fiber sprayed from the capillary spinneret orifice by drafting airflow, blowing the superfine fiber to a roller, collecting the superfine fiber on the roller, uniformly spraying 15g of nano silver powder, wherein the average diameter of the nano silver powder is 35nm, the nano silver powder is taken as a spacing point, the nano silver powder is bonded into cloth by self heat, and the distance from the outlet of the capillary spinneret orifice to the roller is 10 cm;
S4, collecting and coiling: collecting the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric on a roller, and coiling the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric into a coil by a coiling mechanism, wherein the surface density of the coiled fabric is 250g/cm2Distributing the cloth for cutting;
s5, shaping: and (3) shaping for 7min at 135 ℃ by adopting a heat-shaping machine to obtain the final product of the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric.
Test example 1 antibacterial and anti-mite Performance test
The antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabrics prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 and commercially available non-woven fabrics are tested by an oscillation method (GB/T20944.3-2008), and chlorine bleaching is carried out before the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabrics are tested, namely the non-woven fabrics are soaked in 1mol/L HCl solution for 30 min. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Group of | Antibacterial ratio of Escherichia coli (%) | Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial ratio (%) |
| Example 1 | 98 | >99 |
| Example 2 | 98 | 98 |
| Example 3 | >99 | >99 |
| Comparative example 1 | 82 | 76 |
| Comparative example 2 | 79 | 79 |
| Comparative example 3 | 92 | 94 |
| Comparative example 4 | 92 | 90 |
| Is commercially available | 75 | 70 |
The antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabrics and the commercially available non-woven fabrics prepared in the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 4 are subjected to an anti-mite test, the test indexes are according to the national standard GBT24253-2009, and chlorine bleaching is carried out before the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabrics are tested, namely the non-woven fabrics are soaked in 1mol/L HCl solution for 30min, and the results are shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2
| Group of | Anti-mite ratio (%) |
| Example 1 | 95 |
| Example 2 | 95 |
| Example 3 | 98 |
| Comparative example 1 | 70 |
| Comparative example 2 | 72 |
| Comparative example 3 | 87 |
| Comparative example 4 | 85 |
| Is commercially available | 82 |
The antibacterial and anti-mite performance of the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric produced by the invention is superior to that of the selected commercially available fabric and the comparative example. Compared with the embodiment 3, the comparative examples 1 and 2 respectively adopt the common polypropylene to replace the modified polypropylene, or the nano silver powder is not added, so that the antibacterial and anti-mite performances of the modified polypropylene and the nano silver powder are obviously reduced, and the modified polypropylene and the nano silver powder not only have good antibacterial performance, but also have synergistic effect when being added. The silver powder is inorganic antibacterial agent Ag+The unsaturated coordination ability acts on N or O on the surface of the thallus to destroy the activity of the thallus surfaceStructure, causing death of the thallus due to physiological changes or movement obstruction; the modified polypropylene is organic antibiotic and can sterilize after chlorine bleaching. The chlorine bleaching treatment is to replace hydrogen ions on the chloramine compound with chloride ions, and during the water filtration process, the chloride ions form free chlorine, namely active chlorine, when meeting water, and after the active chlorine is used for killing bacteria, the hydrogen ions replace the chloride ions, but the sterilization process is reversible.
Test example 2 Performance test
The antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabrics prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 and the commercially available melt-blown non-woven fabrics are subjected to performance tests according to the technical requirements of GB/T21295-.
TABLE 3
| Group of | Breaking strength (N) | Bursting strength (N) | Tearing strength (N) |
| Example 1 | 950 | 720 | 45 |
| Example 2 | 920 | 700 | 52 |
| Example 3 | 940 | 715 | 55 |
| Comparative example 1 | 900 | 670 | 45 |
| Comparative example 2 | 890 | 680 | 50 |
| Comparative example 3 | 720 | 650 | 35 |
| Comparative example 4 | 670 | 620 | 27 |
| Is commercially available | 570 | 650 | 22 |
As shown in the table, the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric prepared by the invention has good mechanical property, and is obviously superior to the products sold in the market and comparative examples 1-4. Comparative example 1 adopts polypropylene to replace modified polypropylene, the mechanical properties are slightly reduced, but the amplitude is not large, so that the modified polypropylene has certain influence on the properties of the non-woven fabric. The mechanical properties of the composite material are remarkably reduced as compared with the comparative examples 3 and 4 without adding graphene oxide or glass fibers, so that the effect of enhancing the mechanical properties can be seen when the graphene oxide or the glass fibers are added, and the addition of the graphene oxide or the glass fibers has a synergistic effect.
Compared with the prior art, the modified polypropylene prepared by the invention is a polymer with amino groups generated by polymerizing and modifying polypropylene and N- (3-aminopropyl) acrylamide monomers, and fiber filaments or melt-blown cloth directly prepared from the modified polypropylene does not have antibacterial performance and can be sterilized only after being bleached by chlorine. The chlorine bleaching treatment is to replace hydrogen ions on the chloramine compound with chloride ions, and during the water filtration process, the chloride ions form free chlorine, namely active chlorine, when meeting water, and after the active chlorine is used for killing bacteria, the hydrogen ions replace the chloride ions, but the sterilization process is reversible. The material which has lost activity is carried out chlorine bleaching again, and can be charged with chloride ions again, thereby realizing repeated sterilization and greatly prolonging the service life of the antibacterial material, and the reaction mechanism diagram is shown in figure 1. Unlike conventional antibacterial materials, the monomer has a higher and more stable sterilization rate because the chloramine compound is polymerized with the polypropylene through a grafting reaction, rather than being adhered or sprayed on the surface of the fiber.
According to the invention, after the glass fiber, the graphene oxide sol and the modified polypropylene are mixed and melted, the mechanical property of the filament is enhanced, so that the filament is not easy to break and deform even if the filament is prepared into an ultrafine filament fiber, inorganic nanoparticles are uniformly sprayed in the preparation process, and a certain spacing space is formed in the middle of the filament, thereby reducing the barrier property of the melt-blown non-woven fabric and enabling the melt-blown non-woven fabric to be easier to permeate, and meanwhile, the inorganic nanoparticles also have a certain antibacterial property and enhance the antibacterial effect of the non-woven fabric;
the preparation method is simple, the prepared melt-blown non-woven fabric has good antibacterial performance and low barrier property, and can be applied to a water purifier to dissociate chloride ions under the action of water, so that a good sterilization effect is achieved, and the material can be repeatedly used after being subjected to chlorine bleaching again, so that the service life of the material is prolonged.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric is characterized by being prepared from modified polypropylene, glass fiber and graphene oxide sol, wherein the modified polypropylene is formed by polymerizing polypropylene and an N- (3-aminopropyl) acrylamide monomer, and the chemical structural formula of the modified polypropylene is shown as a formula I:
2. The antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified polypropylene comprises the following steps: firstly, polypropylene, N- (3-aminopropyl) acryloyl amide monomer and initiator are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is fed into a screw extruder, the mixture is melted under the heating condition to generate graft copolymerization reaction, the mixture is extruded by the extruder and then cooled, and finally the mixture is cut into uniform modified polypropylene.
3. The antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the modified polypropylene comprises the following steps: firstly, 100 parts by weight of polypropylene, 70-120 parts by weight of N- (3-aminopropyl) acryloyl amide monomer and 0.1-1 part by weight of initiator are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is fed into a screw extruder, heated to the condition of 250 ℃ for melting, subjected to graft copolymerization reaction, extruded by the extruder, cooled and finally cut into uniform modified polypropylene.
4. The antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown nonwoven fabric according to claim 2, wherein the initiator is one or more selected from the group consisting of sodium bisulfite, azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptonitrile, benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, tert-butyl peroxypivalate, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate and ammonium persulfate.
5. A method for preparing the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing superfine fibers: heating, melting and uniformly mixing 100-200 parts by weight of modified polypropylene, 20-40 parts by weight of glass fiber and 15-30 parts by weight of graphene oxide sol, spraying the mixture from a capillary spinneret orifice, and stretching the mixture under the action of hot air to prepare continuous superfine fibers with the average fiber diameter of 4-5 mu m and the diameter distribution of 3.5-6 mu m;
s2, preparing melt-blown fabric: drawing the superfine fiber sprayed from the capillary spinneret orifice by drafting airflow, blowing the superfine fiber to a roller, collecting the superfine fiber on the roller, uniformly spraying 10-20 parts by weight of inorganic nano particles, and bonding the inorganic nano particles serving as spacing points into cloth by self heat;
s3, collecting and coiling: collecting the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric on a roller, and coiling the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric into a coil by a coiling mechanism, wherein the web-formed melt-blown non-woven fabric is ready for cutting;
s4, shaping: and (3) adopting a heat setting machine to set for 5-10min at the temperature of 120-150 ℃ to obtain the final product of the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric.
6. The method for preparing the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric according to claim 5, wherein the heating and melting temperature in step S1 is 1000-1200 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric according to claim 5, wherein the distance from the outlet of the capillary spinneret orifice to the roller in the step S2 is 7-12 cm.
8. The method for preparing antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric according to claim 5, wherein the surface density of the coiled fabric in step S3 is 220-270g/cm2。
9. The preparation method of the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric according to claim 5, wherein the inorganic nanoparticles are one or a mixture of several of nano silver powder, nano copper, nano zinc oxide and nano titanium dioxide.
10. The preparation method of the antibacterial low-resistance melt-blown non-woven fabric according to claim 5, wherein the diameter of the inorganic nanoparticles is 25-50 nm.
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