CN111850232A - Oxygen lance nozzle for efficient dephosphorization and blowing process - Google Patents
Oxygen lance nozzle for efficient dephosphorization and blowing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111850232A CN111850232A CN202010938925.6A CN202010938925A CN111850232A CN 111850232 A CN111850232 A CN 111850232A CN 202010938925 A CN202010938925 A CN 202010938925A CN 111850232 A CN111850232 A CN 111850232A
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 255
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 255
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 255
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010406 interfacial reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to an oxygen lance nozzle for efficient dephosphorization and a blowing process. Compared with the traditional oxygen lance nozzle with the same converter capacity, the arrangement scheme of the large spray holes of the oxygen lance nozzle weakens the interaction between the jet streams, increases the contact area between the jet stream and the molten pool, obviously improves the generation rate of liquid drops acting between the jet stream and the molten pool, and has obvious dephosphorization effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to an oxygen lance nozzle for efficiently dephosphorizing and a blowing process.
Background
In the top-blown converter steelmaking (BOF) process, it is very important to form molten slag with the proper composition (e.g., basicity and FeO content) because dephosphorization depends mainly on the slag composition, furnace temperature, and the dynamics and mass transfer processes through the mixing of the liquid metal and the slag. In blowing, carbon oxidizes to form carbon monoxide gas and attempts to escape through the slag causing volume expansion, commonly referred to as slag foaming, which provides a large interfacial area between the slag, metal and gas phases, promoting interfacial reactions and enhancing dephosphorization. The generation and maintenance of slag foam is primarily controlled by the oxygen jets of the lance. Therefore, the improvement of the generation amount of metal liquid drops in the foam slag is a great challenge for improving slag-gold interface reaction and improving dephosphorization rate in the steel mill at present. In addition, the variation of lance height is a key process control means in the converter blowing process in steel plants. By changing the height of the oxygen lance, the oxygen distribution between the slag and the metal phase can be changed, thereby influencing the chemical reaction. Therefore, it is necessary to properly design the lance and control the lance position and the oxygen flow rate during the blowing process to improve the efficiency of the steelmaking process and to improve the quality of the steel produced.
At present, a porous laval oxygen lance nozzle structure widely adopted by steel enterprises in China is shown in figure 1, and is characterized in that all nozzle holes of the nozzle have the same size and shape and are uniformly distributed around the axis of the oxygen lance, and the nozzle hole inclination angle and the nozzle hole number of the oxygen lance with the traditional structure are strictly limited under the determined converter capacity. Because the lance tip is designed at a specific pressure ratio and flow rate, it is not possible to vary the flow rate of lance nozzles of conventional construction. Oxygen lance design is carried out according to the operating conditions of the converter, and the blowing effect is changed through lance position adjustment, which is still the most common process control parameter in the blowing process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an oxygen lance nozzle for efficient dephosphorization and a blowing process, and aims to improve the generation of molten steel splashing during blowing so as to accelerate the reaction process, particularly dephosphorization reaction, and improve the dephosphorization efficiency.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to an oxygen lance nozzle for efficient dephosphorization, which comprises a nozzle oxygen inlet, a water inlet circular seam, a water outlet circular seam and a plurality of oxygen lance spray holes, and is characterized in that the plurality of oxygen lance spray holes are distributed in a staggered manner by a group of oxygen lance spray holes I and a group of oxygen lance spray holes II, the group of oxygen lance spray holes I are arranged at the periphery of the nozzle end surface, the group of oxygen lance spray holes II are arranged at the inner side of the nozzle end surface,
the diameter of the oxygen lance spray hole I is larger than that of the oxygen lance spray hole II, and the inclination angle of the oxygen lance spray hole I is larger than that of the oxygen lance spray hole II.
The group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II are Laval spray pipes.
The ratio of the diameter d12 of the throat of the oxygen lance spray hole I to the diameter d22 of the throat of the oxygen lance spray hole II is d12/d22 which is 1.05-1.55.
The ratio of the diameter d13 of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray hole I to the diameter d23 of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray hole II is d13/d23 which is 1.05-1.55.
The relation between the included angle alpha 1 between the central axis of the oxygen lance spray hole I and the central axis of the spray head and the included angle alpha 2 between the central axis of the oxygen lance spray hole II and the central axis of the spray head is that alpha 1-alpha 2 is 3-5 degrees.
The distance between the center of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray hole I and the center line of the spray head is L1, and the distance between the center of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray hole II and the center line of the spray head is L2, wherein L1/L2 is 1.10-1.30.
The total number of the group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is 4, 6 or 8,
when the total number of the group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is 4, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes I is 2, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes II is 2,
when the total number of the group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is 6, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes I is 3, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes II is 3,
when the total number of the group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is 8, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes I is 4, and the number of the oxygen lance spray holes II is 4.
An oxygen lance nozzle blowing process for efficiently dephosphorizing is characterized in that the process conditions are as follows:
(1) the total oxygen pressure is more than or equal to 1.3MPa, and the working oxygen pressure is 0.9MPa to 1.1 MPa;
(2) by combining the structural characteristics of the oxygen lance nozzle for efficiently dephosphorizing,
the blowing gun is positioned at (35-40) times of the diameter of the outlet of the oxygen gun spray hole I;
the process lance position is (30-35) times of the diameter change of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray hole I;
the carbon drawing gun position (20-25) is multiplied by the diameter change of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray orifice I.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) compared with the traditional oxygen lance nozzle with the same converter capacity, the arrangement scheme of the large spray holes of the oxygen lance nozzle weakens the interaction between the jet streams, increases the contact area between the jet stream and the molten pool, obviously improves the generation rate of liquid drops acting between the jet stream and the molten pool, and has obvious dephosphorization effect; smelting the same steel grade on the premise of ensuring the same molten iron pretreatment components, the same scrap steel adding amount and the same slag adding amount in the converter steelmaking process, and improving the dephosphorization rate by 3-8%;
(2) the high-efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance nozzle and the blowing process of the invention use the high-efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance nozzle, prolong the service life of the oxygen lance nozzle: the arrangement scheme of staggered arrangement of the peripheral large spray holes and the inner small spray holes provides a water cooling space which is more beneficial to fluid flow, and the number of smelting furnaces of the oxygen lance is increased by 30-50 times compared with that of the traditional oxygen lance under the same smelting condition;
(3) the invention relates to an oxygen lance nozzle for efficient dephosphorization and a blowing process, which use the oxygen lance nozzle for efficient dephosphorization to prevent slag from drying: in the middle stage of converting, the oxygen content in the molten pool has a downward trend, FeO can be reduced, and the slag is sticky, so that the invention can make up for the deficiency, thereby preventing dry slag from forming;
(4) the oxygen lance nozzle for efficient dephosphorization and the blowing process use the oxygen lance nozzle for efficient dephosphorization, and have better process control: the generation of metal drops can influence the removal of phosphorus and carbon, and the flow ratio of large holes and small holes of the oxygen lance nozzle for efficiently dephosphorizing is controllable, so that the generation of the drops is influenced, and the oxygen lance nozzle can serve as another blowing process control element, and is convenient for the dynamic control of the blowing process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional lance tip 6 hole nozzle shape.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a lance tip of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the shape of the oxygen lance nozzle 4 hole nozzle according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the shape of a 6-hole nozzle of the oxygen lance nozzle of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the shape of 8-hole nozzle of oxygen lance nozzle according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in figures 1-5, the oxygen lance nozzle for efficient dephosphorization of the invention comprises a nozzle oxygen inlet, a water inlet circular seam, a water outlet circular seam and a plurality of oxygen lance spray holes, and is characterized in that the plurality of oxygen lance spray holes are distributed in a staggered manner by a group of oxygen lance spray holes I and a group of oxygen lance spray holes II, the group of oxygen lance spray holes I is arranged at the periphery of the nozzle end surface, the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is arranged at the inner side of the nozzle end surface,
the diameter of the oxygen lance spray hole I is larger than that of the oxygen lance spray hole II, and the inclination angle of the oxygen lance spray hole I is larger than that of the oxygen lance spray hole II.
The group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II are Laval spray pipes.
The ratio of the diameter d12 of the throat part I of the oxygen lance spray hole I to the diameter d22 of the throat part II of the oxygen lance spray hole II is d12/d22 which is 1.05-1.55.
The ratio of the diameter d13 of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray hole I to the diameter d23 of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray hole II is d13/d23 which is 1.05-1.55.
The relation between the included angle alpha 1 between the central axis of the oxygen lance spray hole I and the central axis of the spray head and the included angle alpha 2 between the central axis of the oxygen lance spray hole II and the central axis of the spray head is that alpha 1-alpha 2 is 3-5 degrees.
The distance between the center of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray hole I and the center line of the spray head is L1, and the distance between the center of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray hole II and the center line of the spray head is L2, wherein L1/L2 is 1.10-1.30.
The total number of the group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is 4, 6 or 8,
when the total number of the group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is 4, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes I is 2, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes II is 2,
when the total number of the group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is 6, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes I is 3, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes II is 3,
when the total number of the group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is 8, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes I is 4, and the number of the oxygen lance spray holes II is 4.
An oxygen lance nozzle blowing process for efficiently dephosphorizing is characterized in that the process conditions are as follows:
(1) the total oxygen pressure is more than or equal to 1.3MPa, and the working oxygen pressure is 0.9MPa to 1.1 MPa;
(2) by combining the structural characteristics of the oxygen lance nozzle for efficiently dephosphorizing,
the blowing gun is positioned at (35-40) times of the diameter of the outlet of the oxygen gun spray hole I;
the process lance position is (30-35) times of the diameter change of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray hole I;
the carbon drawing gun position (20-25) is multiplied by the diameter change of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray orifice I.
The oxygen lance nozzle for efficient dephosphorization changes the structure and the injection process of the traditional multi-hole jet oxygen lance nozzle, adopts a group of large spray holes and a group of small spray holes to replace the spray holes of the traditional oxygen lance, the large spray holes are arranged at the periphery of the end surface of the nozzle in a relatively large inclination manner, and the large inclination angle of the large spray holes avoids the rapid fusion of jet streams in the blowing process, thereby ensuring the independence of each stream in the jet direction, further increasing the contact area of the jet stream and a molten pool, ensuring the relatively weak jet intensity of the dispersed stream, and preventing the stream from being sprayed out of the furnace mouth due to overhigh spray to a great extent. Compared with a large spray hole, the small spray hole is arranged on the inner side of the end face of the spray head in a relatively small inclination mode, the jet stream is fused earlier due to the small inclination, the fused stream has large jet energy, and the stirring intensity of a converting process to a molten pool is guaranteed.
An oxygen lance nozzle for efficiently dephosphorizing is shown in figure 2 and comprises a nozzle oxygen inlet 1, an oxygen lance spray hole II2, an oxygen lance spray hole I3, a water inlet annular seam 4 and a water outlet annular seam 5. The oxygen lance spray holes II2 and the oxygen lance spray holes I3 are Laval spray pipes which are distributed in a staggered arrangement mode, the included angle between the central axis of the oxygen lance spray holes I3 and the central axis of the spray head is alpha 1, and the included angle between the central axis of the oxygen lance spray holes II2 and the central axis of the spray head is alpha 2; the diameter of the throat part of the oxygen lance spray hole I3 is d12, the diameter of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray hole I3 is d13, the diameter of the throat part of the oxygen lance spray hole II2 is d22, and the diameter of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray hole I23 is d; the distance between the center of the outlet circle of the oxygen lance spray hole I3 and the center line of the spray head is L1, and the distance between the center of the outlet circle of the oxygen lance spray hole II2 and the center line of the spray head is L2; oxygen for blowing enters the oxygen inlet of the nozzle from the oxygen branch pipe and then enters the oxygen lance spray hole I3 and the oxygen lance spray hole II2 to form supersonic jet.
The ratio of the throat diameter d12 of the oxygen lance spray hole I3 to the throat diameter d22 of the oxygen lance spray hole II2 is d12/d 22-1.05-1.55, the ratio of the outlet diameter d13 of the oxygen lance spray hole I3 to the outlet diameter d23 of the oxygen lance spray hole II2 is d13/d 23-1.05-1.55, the relation between the included angle alpha 1 between the central axis of the oxygen lance spray hole I3 and the central axis of the spray head and the included angle alpha 2 between the central axis of the oxygen lance spray hole II2 and the central axis of the spray head is alpha 1-alpha 2-3-5 degrees, the relation between the outlet center of the oxygen lance spray hole I3 and the spray head central axis is L1, and the outlet center of the oxygen lance spray hole II2 and the spray head central axis is L2 is L1/L2-1..
The number of the spray holes is determined according to the capacity of the converter, and for 100-150 tons of converters, the total number of the oxygen lance spray heads is 4, wherein 2 oxygen lance spray holes I3 and 2 oxygen lance spray holes II2 are formed; for a 200-260 ton converter, the total number of the oxygen lance nozzles is 6, wherein 3 oxygen lance nozzles are I3, and 3 oxygen lance nozzles are II 2; for a converter of 300-350 tons, the total number of the oxygen lance nozzles is 8, wherein 4 oxygen lance nozzles are provided with an I3 hole, and 4 oxygen lance nozzles are provided with an II2 hole.
Example 1
In order to verify the obvious effect of the invention compared with the traditional oxygen lance nozzle, the comparison experiment of the high-efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance nozzle and the traditional oxygen lance nozzle under the same smelting condition is carried out, and the specific sizes of the two oxygen lance nozzles are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1260 t geometrical parameters of conventional oxygen lance nozzle and highly effective dephosphorizing oxygen lance nozzle for converter
During the experiment, the produced steel is an automobile plate, the amount of molten iron is 260t, the amount of scrap is 30-40t, the total pipe oxygen pressure is 1.4MPa, the working oxygen pressure is 1.0MPa, and the oxygen supply flow is 54000Nm 3/h. The blowing gun position is changed at 2.6-3.1 m, the process gun position is changed at 2.4-2.7 m, the carbon drawing gun position is changed at 2.0-2.3 m, and the carbon drawing gun position slightly floats according to the field condition.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the experiment, the components of the pretreated molten iron for the experiment are shown in table 2, and the difference between each heat and the average value is small. Representative blowing effects of 5 continuous furnaces were recorded and analyzed by comparison.
TABLE 2 comparison of the composition of pretreated molten irons
The results of the experiment are shown in tables 3 and 4. Since the experimental smelting steel types are the same, the difference in tapping components is small, the average tapping component values of 5 furnaces of the traditional oxygen lance and the novel structure oxygen lance are counted in the table 3, and the results show that the control of the tapping components by the two different oxygen lances is similar.
TABLE 3 comparison of the mean values of the tapping components
| Oxygen lance type | Actual value of C | Si practiceValue of | Actual value of Mn | Pragmatic value | Actual value of S |
| Traditional oxygen lance% | 0.0474 | 0.0047 | 0.0991 | 0.0213 | 0.0157 |
| High efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance% | 0.0463 | 0.0042 | 0.0979 | 0.0207 | 0.0124 |
TABLE 4 dephosphorization ratio comparison
| |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Mean value of |
| Traditional oxygen lance% | 74.2 | 80.6 | 78.9 | 80.5 | 81.9 | 79.22 |
| High efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance% | 79.9 | 83.8 | 84.1 | 81.5 | 83.4 | 82.54 |
From the comparison of the dephosphorization rates in Table 4, it is found that the dephosphorization rate of the continuous 5-furnace steel grade of the high-efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance is 3.32% higher than that of the same continuous 5-furnace steel grade of the traditional oxygen lance. The dephosphorization rate is improved obviously, the main reason is that after the dispersion stream with a large inclination angle is adopted, the jet flow distribution range is large, the independence of the jet flow stream is good, and the attenuation speed of the stream is slowed, so that the area of a formed impact pit is increased, splashed metal drops formed in the furnace are more dispersed, the effect on the early stage rapid slagging is positive, the time for forming the foamed slag is shortened, and the dephosphorization rate is improved.
Example 2
Compare "a single-channel dual-structure oxygen lance nozzle and converting process". The technology 1) single-channel double-structure oxygen lance nozzle and the blowing process aim to improve jet strength, ensure the stirring effect of the jet oxygen lance on a molten pool and reduce splashing. The invention aims to increase the in-furnace splashing amount generated after the action of the oxygen lance nozzle jet flow and a molten pool. 2) The two types of applicable steel are different, the single-channel double-structure oxygen lance nozzle has wider applicability, but the dephosphorization effect of the steel type with high requirement on the dephosphorization rate is not much different from that of the traditional oxygen lance, and compared with the traditional oxygen lance, the stirring effect of the high-efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance on a molten pool is probably inferior to that of the single-channel double-structure oxygen lance nozzle, but the dephosphorization effect is very obvious. 3) Based on different jet flow principles, the single-channel double-structure oxygen lance nozzle defines a main hole and an auxiliary hole respectively. The big inclination of the exit diameter of the main hole is little, and the primary function is the impact effect and the stirring strength of reinforcing efflux to the molten bath, the distance of the efflux core space of extension shower nozzle, and the little inclination of vice hole exit diameter is big, and the primary function is alleviated the jet attenuation of main hole, increases the molten bath and strikes the area, indirectly improves the slagging effect. The design of the efficient dephosphorization oxygen lance is just opposite, the large spray holes are arranged on the outer side and are arranged at a large inclination angle, the independence of each jet flow is kept, the splashing amount of metal drops is enhanced, and the small spray holes are arranged on the inner side and are designed at a small inclination angle based on the principle that the small inclination angle jet flow is easier to converge so as to meet the jet flow strength enough for a molten pool.
In order to verify the blowing differences of two different types of oxygen lances, the blowing effects of a single-channel double-structure oxygen lance nozzle and a high-efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance nozzle under the same blowing conditions were further compared with example 2, the experimental process was the same as that of example 1, and the specific dimensions of the two oxygen lance nozzles are shown in table 5
Table 5260 t geometrical parameters of traditional oxygen lance nozzle and high-efficiency dephosphorizing oxygen lance nozzle for converter
During the experiment, the produced steel is an automobile plate, the amount of molten iron is 260t, the amount of scrap steel is 35-45 t, the total pipe oxygen pressure is 1.4MPa, the working oxygen pressure is 1.0MPa, and the oxygen supply flow is 54000Nm 3/h. The blowing gun position is changed at 2.6-3.1 m, the process gun position is changed at 2.4-2.7 m, the carbon drawing gun position is changed at 2.0-2.3 m, and the floating is actually realized according to the scene. In order to ensure the accuracy of the experiment, the difference of the components and the mean value of the pretreated molten iron is within +/-5 percent. Representative blowing effects of 5 continuous furnaces were recorded and analyzed by comparison.
On the premise of little difference of tapping components (within +/-5% of the mean difference), the average value of key smelting indexes of respective continuous 5 furnaces of the high-efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance and the single-channel double-structure oxygen lance is calculated in the table 6.
TABLE 6 analysis of key smelting indexes
| Parameter(s) | Single-channel double-structure oxygen lance | High-efficiency dephosphorizing oxygen lance |
| Converting time/second | 14 minutes 37 seconds | 15 minutes and 19 seconds |
| Dephosphorization rate/% | 79.98 | 84.02 |
| Oxygen consumption/m3/t | 41.42 | 43.87 |
| Oxygen supply intensity/m3/t min | 3.19 | 2.87 |
| Consumption of iron and steel material/kg/t | 1110 | 1102 |
| Slag consumption/t | 53.7 | 51.2 |
Compared with key indexes, the results show that the single-channel double-structure oxygen lance has the advantages of shortening the blowing time by 42 seconds, improving the oxygen supply strength by 0.32m3/t min and reducing the oxygen consumption by 2.45m3/t, which is mainly benefited by the higher jet impact strength of the single-channel double-structure oxygen lance. The high-efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance has the advantages that the dephosphorization rate is improved by 4.04 percent, the slag consumption is reduced by 2.5t, and the iron and steel material consumption is reduced by 98kg/t, which is mainly benefited by good metal droplet splashing in the furnace formed by the action of the high-efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance and a molten pool.
In conclusion, compared with the existing oxygen lance nozzle, the oxygen lance nozzle capable of efficiently dephosphorizing and the blowing process can effectively reduce the dephosphorization rate and have wide prospects for the steel grade with higher dephosphorization task at present.
Compared with the traditional oxygen lance nozzle with the same converter capacity, the arrangement scheme of the large spray holes of the oxygen lance nozzle weakens the interaction between the jet streams, increases the contact area between the jet stream and the molten pool, obviously improves the generation rate of liquid drops acting between the jet stream and the molten pool, and has obvious dephosphorization effect; smelting the same steel grade on the premise of ensuring the same molten iron pretreatment components, the same scrap steel adding amount and the same slag adding amount in the converter steelmaking process, and improving the dephosphorization rate by 3-8%; the high-efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance nozzle and the blowing process of the invention use the high-efficiency dephosphorization oxygen lance nozzle, prolong the service life of the oxygen lance nozzle: the arrangement scheme of staggered arrangement of the peripheral large spray holes and the inner small spray holes provides a water cooling space which is more beneficial to fluid flow, and the number of smelting furnaces of the oxygen lance is increased by 30-50 times compared with that of the traditional oxygen lance under the same smelting condition; the oxygen lance nozzle with high-efficiency dephosphorization is used for preventing slag from drying again: in the middle stage of converting, the oxygen content in the molten pool has a downward trend, FeO can be reduced, and the slag is sticky, so that the invention can make up for the deficiency, thereby preventing dry slag from forming; the oxygen lance nozzle with high-efficiency dephosphorization is used, and the process is better controlled: the generation of metal drops can influence the removal of phosphorus and carbon, and the flow ratio of large holes and small holes of the oxygen lance nozzle for efficiently dephosphorizing is controllable, so that the generation of the drops is influenced, and the oxygen lance nozzle can serve as another blowing process control element, and is convenient for the dynamic control of the blowing process.
Claims (8)
1. An oxygen lance nozzle with high dephosphorization efficiency comprises a nozzle oxygen inlet, a water inlet circular seam, a water outlet circular seam and a plurality of oxygen lance spray holes, and is characterized in that the plurality of oxygen lance spray holes are distributed in a way that a group of oxygen lance spray holes I and a group of oxygen lance spray holes II are arranged in a staggered way, the group of oxygen lance spray holes I is arranged at the periphery of the nozzle end surface, the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is arranged at the inner side of the nozzle end surface,
the diameter of the oxygen lance spray hole I is larger than that of the oxygen lance spray hole II, and the inclination angle of the oxygen lance spray hole I is larger than that of the oxygen lance spray hole II.
2. The dephosphorizing lance nozzle of claim 1 wherein said lance orifices of group I and group II are Laval nozzles.
3. The highly dephosphorizing lance nozzle according to claim 1 wherein the ratio of the diameter d12 of the throat I of lance nozzle to the diameter d22 of the throat II of lance nozzle is d12/d 22-1.05-1.55.
4. The highly dephosphorizing lance nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the diameter d13 of the outlet of lance nozzle i to the diameter d23 of the outlet of lance nozzle ii is 1.05-1.55 (d 13/d 23).
5. The oxygen lance nozzle for efficient dephosphorization according to claim 1, wherein the relationship between the angle α 1 between the central axis of the oxygen lance nozzle hole i and the central axis of the nozzle and the angle α 2 between the central axis of the oxygen lance nozzle hole ii and the central axis of the nozzle is α 1- α 2 ═ 3 ° to 5 °.
6. The highly dephosphorizing lance nozzle according to claim 1 wherein said lance nozzle I exit center is located L1 from the center line of the nozzle and said lance nozzle II exit center is located L2 from the center line of the nozzle with L1/L2 being 1.10-1.30.
7. The highly dephosphorizing lance nozzle according to claim 1 wherein the total number of said plurality of lance orifices I and said plurality of lance orifices II is 4, 6 or 8,
when the total number of the group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is 4, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes I is 2, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes II is 2,
when the total number of the group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is 6, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes I is 3, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes II is 3,
when the total number of the group of oxygen lance spray holes I and the group of oxygen lance spray holes II is 8, the number of the oxygen lance spray holes I is 4, and the number of the oxygen lance spray holes II is 4.
8. An oxygen lance nozzle blowing process for efficiently dephosphorizing is characterized in that the process conditions are as follows:
(1) the total oxygen pressure is more than or equal to 1.3MPa, and the working oxygen pressure is 0.9MPa to 1.1 MPa;
(2) by combining the structural characteristics of the oxygen lance nozzle for efficiently dephosphorizing,
the blowing gun is opened and is positioned at (35-40) times of the diameter change of the outlet of the oxygen gun spray hole I;
the process lance position is (30-35) times of the diameter change of the outlet of the oxygen lance orifice I;
the carbon drawing gun position (20-25) is multiplied by the diameter change of the outlet of the oxygen lance spray orifice I.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114134281A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-04 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Oxygen lance nozzle and blowing smelting method thereof |
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