CN111849537B - Continuous waste rubber cracking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste rubber treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a continuous waste rubber cracking device, which comprises a main structure, a base, a feeding unit, a thermal cracking unit and a discharging unit, wherein the feeding unit, the thermal cracking unit and the discharging unit are sequentially arranged on the base from left to right, the feeding unit is connected with the thermal cracking unit, the thermal cracking unit is connected with the discharging unit, the feeding unit, the thermal cracking unit and the discharging unit are sequentially arranged on the base from left to right according to the cracking process of waste rubber, the waste rubber is fed by the feeding unit, oil gas and residues are generated by high-temperature cracking of the thermal cracking unit, the oil gas is discharged through a first cracking gas outlet and a second cracking gas outlet, the residues are conveyed to a discharging port by the discharging unit and then discharged and collected uniformly, and on the basis, a material lifting baffle is also arranged in a material groove of a cracking furnace, the feeding effect of the feeding port can be enhanced, and the continuous cracking of the waste rubber is realized in a rotary mode.

Description

Continuous waste rubber cracking device

The technical field is as follows:

the invention belongs to the technical field of waste rubber treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a continuous waste rubber cracking device which can realize continuous cracking of waste rubber in a rotary mode.

Background art:

rubber is the fourth rough resource following petroleum, iron ore and nonferrous metals, and is widely applied to a plurality of fields such as industry, agriculture, national defense science and technology and the like. With the development of economy, the yield of waste rubber is increasing. The three-dimensional cross-linked reticular chemical structure of the waste rubber is difficult to degrade under natural conditions, so that a large amount of waste rubber is accumulated, and serious pollution is brought.

Thermal cracking is a potential and attractive method for treating waste rubber, and under the condition of oxygen deficiency or the presence of inert gas at a proper temperature, the waste rubber macromolecules are cracked into cracking gas, cracking oil and cracking carbon black, and the cracking gas, the cracking oil and the cracking carbon black are further processed and converted into high-value products with various purposes. The thermal cracking provides a recycling route with high added value and environmental protection for the resource utilization of the waste rubber. The thermal cracking reactor for waste rubber has many forms, including moving bed, fixed bed, rotary kiln, jet bed and fluidized bed, etc., in which the fixed bed is a widely used reactor form, the Chinese patent No. 95219225.X discloses an equipment for producing gasoline, diesel oil and carbon black by using waste plastics, which is composed of heating furnace, cracking reaction still, spiral stirrer, desulfurizing and dechlorinating tank, fixed bed, condenser, separator, buffer still, gas storage tank, water-sealed tank, condenser, oil-water separator and gasoline-diesel oil storage tank, the cracking reaction still is equipped with spiral stirrer and carbon black discharge valve, the outlet flue of heating furnace is communicated with the shell of reaction still, the flue is extended into heat exchange still, and passed through the upper portion of heat exchange still and fed into chimney, the reaction still is equipped with spiral stirrer driven by motor, the bottom of reaction still is equipped with carbon black discharge valve, the outlet of material pipe on the top of reaction still is connected with desulfurizing and dechlorinating tank, the outlet at the upper part of the desulfurization and dechlorination tank is connected with a fixed bed, then the fixed bed is led to a condenser, and then the fixed bed is led into a buffer kettle through a separator, the top of the separator is connected with a gas storage cabinet through a pipe, an outlet pipe at the upper part of the gas storage cabinet is respectively connected with an inlet of a water seal tank and an outlet pipe is led into a combustion furnace, a hot oil pump is connected with the buffer kettle and a heat exchange kettle, an outlet pipe at the top of the heat exchange kettle is connected with the middle part of a fractionating tower, an outlet pipe at the top of the fractionating tower is connected with a gasoline condenser through a pipe, the fixed bed; belongs to the form of a fixed bed. Compared with the fixed bed thermal cracking process, the rotary kiln thermal cracking process has the characteristics of wide adaptability to the form, shape and size of waste rubber materials, almost no requirement on the feeding size of the waste rubber, and the waste rubber can be well mixed due to the rotation of the kiln body, so that the thermal cracking carbon is uniform in property, and the rotary kiln thermal cracking process is a slow thermal cracking process, and the waste plastic rubber treatment rotary kiln thermal cracking system disclosed by the Chinese patent 201210230967.X comprises the following steps: a rotary kiln cracker for decomposing waste plastic rubber; the air leveling system is used for adjusting the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace of the rotary kiln cracker; a secondary combustion furnace for performing secondary treatment on the gas in the pyrolysis furnace; the system comprises a conveying system for conveying solid-phase materials, a product collecting system for collecting products generated by a rotary kiln cracker, a control assembly, a feeding device for feeding waste plastic rubber, and a control assembly, wherein the control assembly intelligently controls the rotary kiln cracker, a wind-leveling transverse system, a secondary combustion furnace and the conveying system; belongs to the form of a rotary kiln. However, the thermal cracking process in the form of a rotary kiln is generally intermittent, has low automation degree and great operation difficulty, and is difficult to meet the industrial requirements. Therefore, a continuous waste rubber cracking device is researched and designed, the automation degree is improved, the operation difficulty is reduced, and the industrial requirement of waste rubber thermal cracking is met.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and seek to design a continuous waste rubber cracking device to realize continuous cracking of waste rubber.

In order to achieve the aim, the main structure of the continuous waste rubber cracking device comprises a base, a feeding unit, a thermal cracking unit and a discharging unit; the base is provided with a feeding unit, a thermal cracking unit and a discharging unit from left to right in sequence, the feeding unit is connected with the thermal cracking unit, and the thermal cracking unit is connected with the discharging unit.

The main structure of the feeding unit comprises a feeding motor, a feeding machine barrel, a feeding shaft, a feeding screw, a material conveying cavity, a feeding hopper and a first cracking gas outlet; the shell of reinforced motor is connected with reinforced barrel, and the output shaft of reinforced motor is connected with the reinforced axle that sets up in the reinforced barrel, is provided with reinforced screwed connection on the reinforced axle, and the space between the reinforced spiral forms the material and carries the cavity, and the left end top of reinforced barrel is provided with the loading hopper, and the right-hand member top of reinforced barrel is provided with the export of pyrolysis gas No. one.

The main structure of the thermal cracking unit comprises a cracking furnace, a bearing, a bracket, a driven gear, a driving gear, a cracking motor, a cracking spiral, a cracking chamber and a cracking furnace trough; the both ends of pyrolysis furnace are respectively through bearing and leg joint, and the left end portion of pyrolysis furnace is provided with driven gear, driven gear and driving gear meshing, the output shaft of driving gear and pyrolysis motor, and the inside of pyrolysis furnace is provided with the pyrolysis spiral, and the space between the pyrolysis spiral forms the pyrolysis chamber, and the inside right-hand member of pyrolysis furnace is provided with the pyrolysis furnace silo.

The main structure of the discharging unit comprises a discharging machine barrel, a discharging motor, a discharging shaft, a discharging screw, a material output cavity, a second cracking gas outlet, a feeding hole and a discharging hole; the shell of ejection of compact barrel and ejection of compact motor is connected, the output shaft of the ejection of compact axle that sets up in the ejection of compact barrel and the output shaft of ejection of compact motor, is provided with ejection of compact spiral on the ejection of compact axle, and the space between the ejection of compact spiral forms material output cavity, and the top of ejection of compact barrel is provided with No. two pyrolysis gas exports, and the feed inlet has been seted up to the left end of ejection of compact barrel, and the right-hand member below of ejection of compact.

The feeding motor, the cracking motor and the discharging motor are respectively connected with the base in a bolt manner through the mounting frame; the feeding motor controls the rotation speed of the feeding screw through the feeding shaft; the feeding shaft is arranged at the center of the interior of the feeding machine barrel; the material conveying cavity is respectively communicated with the charging hopper and the cracking furnace; the bracket is connected with the base in a bolt manner; the cracking motor controls the rotation speed of the cracking screw through the cracking furnace; the material output cavity is communicated with the discharge hole; the feed inlet extends into a feed chute of the cracking furnace; the discharge motor controls the rotation speed of the discharge screw through the discharge shaft; the discharging shaft is arranged at the inner center of the discharging machine barrel.

Compared with the prior art, according to the cracking process of the waste rubber, the feeding unit, the thermal cracking unit and the discharging unit are sequentially arranged on the base from left to right, the waste rubber is fed by the feeding unit and subjected to high-temperature cracking by the thermal cracking unit to generate oil gas and residues, the oil gas is discharged through the first cracking gas outlet and the second cracking gas outlet, the oil gas is processed into cracking oil after being uniformly collected, the residues are conveyed to the discharging port by the discharging unit and then discharged and uniformly collected, and on the basis, a material lifting baffle is further arranged in the material groove of the cracking furnace, so that the feeding effect of the feeding port can be enhanced; the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, environmental protection and energy conservation, and not only has the advantages of uniform temperature and good thermal cracking effect, but also realizes the rotary continuous cracking and high degree automation of the waste rubber.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the main structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the present invention.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention is further described below by way of an embodiment example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

the main structure of the continuous waste rubber cracking device related to the embodiment comprises a base 1, a mounting frame 6, a feeding motor 21, a feeding machine barrel 22, a feeding shaft 23, a feeding screw 24, a material conveying cavity 25, a feeding hopper 26, a first cracking gas outlet 27, a cracking furnace 31, a bearing 32, a support 33, a driven gear 34, a driving gear 35, a cracking motor 36, a cracking screw 37, a cracking chamber 38, a cracking furnace trough 39, a discharging machine barrel 41, a discharging motor 42, a discharging shaft 43, a discharging screw 44, a material output cavity 45, a second cracking gas outlet 46 and a discharging port 48; the shell of a rectangular feeding motor 21 is connected with a feeding machine barrel 22 with an internal hollow circular structure, the output shaft of the feeding motor 21 is connected with a feeding shaft 23 with a cylindrical structure arranged on the central axis inside the feeding machine barrel 22, a feeding screw 24 with a spiral structure is arranged on the feeding shaft 23 and connected with the feeding shaft, a material conveying cavity 25 is formed in a gap between the feeding screws 24, a hopper 26 with a funnel-shaped structure is arranged above the left end of the feeding machine barrel 22, a first pyrolysis gas outlet 27 with a circular structure is arranged above the right end of the feeding machine barrel 22, and the material conveying cavity 25 is respectively communicated with the hopper 26 and a pyrolysis furnace 31 with an internal hollow structure; the two ends of the cracking furnace 31 are respectively connected with the bracket 33 through bearings 32, the left end part of the cracking furnace 31 is provided with a driven gear 34, the driven gear 34 is meshed with a driving gear 35, the driving gear 35 is connected with an output shaft of a cracking motor 36, cracking spirals 37 with a spiral structure are arranged inside the cracking furnace 31, a cracking chamber 38 is formed by gaps among the cracking spirals 37, the right end inside the cracking furnace 31 is provided with a cracking furnace trough 39, and the cracking furnace trough 39 is communicated with a discharging machine barrel 41 with an inner hollow structure; the discharge machine barrel 41 is connected with a shell of a discharge motor 42 with a rectangular structure, a discharge shaft 43 of a cylindrical structure arranged on an axis in the interior of the discharge machine barrel 41 is connected with an output shaft of the discharge motor 42, a discharge spiral 44 of a spiral structure is arranged on the discharge shaft 43, a material output cavity 45 is formed by gaps between the discharge spirals 44, a second pyrolysis gas outlet 46 of a circular structure is arranged above the discharge machine barrel 41, a feed inlet 47 of the circular structure is arranged at the left end of the discharge machine barrel 41, and a discharge outlet 48 of the circular structure is arranged below the right end of the discharge machine barrel 41.

The charging motor 21, the charging barrel 22, the charging shaft 23, the charging screw 24, the material conveying cavity 25, the charging hopper 26 and the first pyrolysis gas outlet 27 related to the embodiment are matched to form the charging unit 2; the pyrolysis furnace 31, the bearing 32, the bracket 33, the driven gear 34, the driving gear 35, the pyrolysis motor 36, the pyrolysis spiral 37, the pyrolysis chamber 38 and the pyrolysis furnace trough 39 are matched to form the pyrolysis unit 3; the discharging machine barrel 41, the discharging motor 42, the discharging shaft 43, the discharging screw 44, the material output cavity 45, the second pyrolysis gas outlet 46, the feeding port 47 and the discharging port 48 are matched to form a discharging unit 4; the feeding unit 2, the thermal cracking unit 3 and the discharging unit 4 are sequentially arranged on the base 1 according to the production flow, and the feeding motor 21, the cracking motor 36 and the discharging motor 42 are respectively in bolted connection with the base 1 through the mounting frame 6; the bracket 33 is bolted to the base 1.

Still be provided with material lifting baffle 301 in the pyrolysis furnace silo 39 that this embodiment relates to, the axial position of material lifting baffle 301 corresponds with the opening position of feed inlet 47 for strengthen feed inlet 47 eat the material effect.

When the continuous waste rubber cracking device related to the embodiment is used, the feeding unit 2, the thermal cracking unit 3 and the discharging unit 4 are preheated to a set temperature, waste rubber is added into the feeding hopper 26 and enters the material conveying cavity 25, the feeding motor 21 drives the feeding screw 24 to rotate, and the feeding screw 24 conveys the waste rubber to the cracking chamber 38; the cracking motor 36 drives the cracking furnace 31 to rotate, the cracking screw 37 conveys the waste rubber forwards, in the conveying process, the waste rubber is cracked in the cracking chamber 38 to generate oil gas and residues, the oil gas is discharged through the first cracking gas outlet 27 and the second cracking gas outlet 46, the oil gas is collected uniformly and then processed into cracking oil, the residues are conveyed to the cracking furnace trough 39 through the cracking screw 37, the residues are lifted upwards under the action of the material lifting baffle plate 301, and when the material lifting baffle plate 301 reaches the highest point, the inclined structure of the material lifting baffle plate 301 enables the residues to fall into the feed inlet 47 under the action of gravity; the discharging motor 42 drives the discharging screw 44 to rotate, and under the action of the discharging screw 44, the residue is conveyed to the discharging hole 48 from the feeding hole 47 through the material output cavity 45 and is discharged through the discharging hole 48, and is collected uniformly.

Claims (3)

1. A continuous waste rubber cracking device is characterized in that the main structure of the device comprises a base, a feeding unit, a thermal cracking unit and a discharging unit; the base is sequentially provided with a feeding unit, a thermal cracking unit and a discharging unit from left to right, the feeding unit is connected with the thermal cracking unit, and the thermal cracking unit is connected with the discharging unit; the main structure of the feeding unit comprises a feeding motor, a feeding machine barrel, a feeding shaft, a feeding screw, a material conveying cavity, a feeding hopper and a first pyrolysis gas outlet; the shell of the feeding motor is connected with the feeding machine barrel, an output shaft of the feeding motor is connected with a feeding shaft arranged in the feeding machine barrel, the feeding shaft is provided with a feeding screw connection, a gap between the feeding screws forms a material conveying cavity, a feeding hopper is arranged above the left end of the feeding machine barrel, and a first pyrolysis gas outlet is arranged above the right end of the feeding machine barrel; the main structure of the thermal cracking unit comprises a cracking furnace, a bearing, a bracket, a driven gear, a driving gear, a cracking motor, a cracking spiral, a cracking chamber and a cracking furnace trough; the two ends of the cracking furnace are respectively connected with the support through bearings, a driven gear is arranged at the left end of the cracking furnace and is meshed with a driving gear, the driving gear is connected with an output shaft of a cracking motor, cracking spirals are arranged inside the cracking furnace, a cracking chamber is formed by gaps among the cracking spirals, and a cracking furnace trough is arranged at the right end inside the cracking furnace; the main structure of the discharging unit comprises a discharging machine barrel, a discharging motor, a discharging shaft, a discharging screw, a material output cavity, a second cracking gas outlet, a feeding hole and a discharging hole; the discharging machine comprises a discharging machine barrel, a discharging motor, a discharging shaft, a discharging screw, a second cracking gas outlet, a feeding hole and a discharging hole, wherein the discharging machine barrel is connected with a shell of the discharging motor; still be provided with material lifting baffle in the pyrolysis furnace silo, the axial position of material lifting baffle corresponds with the open position of feed inlet for strengthen the feed effect of eating of feed inlet.

2. The continuous waste rubber cracking device of claim 1, wherein the feeding motor, the cracking motor and the discharging motor are respectively connected with the base through mounting frames in a bolt manner; the feeding motor controls the rotation speed of the feeding screw through the feeding shaft; the feeding shaft is arranged at the center of the interior of the feeding machine barrel; the material conveying cavity is respectively communicated with the charging hopper and the cracking furnace; the bracket is connected with the base in a bolt manner; the cracking motor controls the rotation speed of the cracking screw through the cracking furnace; the material output cavity is communicated with the discharge hole; the feed inlet extends into a feed chute of the cracking furnace; the discharge motor controls the rotation speed of the discharge screw through the discharge shaft; the discharging shaft is arranged at the inner center of the discharging machine barrel.

3. The continuous waste rubber cracking device of claim 2, wherein in use, the feeding unit, the thermal cracking unit and the discharging unit are preheated to a set temperature, waste rubber is fed into the feeding hopper and enters the material conveying cavity, the feeding motor drives the feeding screw to rotate, and the feeding screw conveys the waste rubber to the cracking chamber; the cracking motor drives the cracking furnace to rotate, the cracking screw forwards conveys the waste rubber, in the conveying process, the waste rubber is cracked in the cracking chamber to generate oil gas and residues, the oil gas is discharged through a first cracking gas outlet and a second cracking gas outlet, the oil gas is uniformly collected and then processed to prepare cracking oil, the residues are conveyed to a material groove of the cracking furnace by the cracking screw, the residues are lifted upwards under the action of the material lifting baffle, and when the material lifting baffle reaches the highest point, the inclined structure of the material lifting baffle enables the residues to fall into the feeding hole under the action of gravity; the ejection of compact motor drive ejection of compact spiral rotates, and the residue is carried to discharge gate department and is discharged via the discharge gate by the feed inlet via material output cavity under the effect of ejection of compact spiral, and the unity is collected.

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