CN111849535B - Pyrolysis and catalysis integrated experimental device and method - Google Patents
Pyrolysis and catalysis integrated experimental device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111849535B CN111849535B CN202010734499.4A CN202010734499A CN111849535B CN 111849535 B CN111849535 B CN 111849535B CN 202010734499 A CN202010734499 A CN 202010734499A CN 111849535 B CN111849535 B CN 111849535B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
Abstract
A pyrolysis and catalysis integrated experimental device and a method thereof, wherein the experimental device comprises a furnace body and a duplex reaction tube; wherein the furnace body comprises a first-stage furnace and a second-stage furnace; the first-stage furnace is provided with a first reaction area of the first-stage furnace and a second reaction area of the first-stage furnace; the secondary furnace is provided with a first reaction area of the secondary furnace and a second reaction area of the secondary furnace; the first reaction zone of the first-stage furnace is communicated with the first reaction zone of the second-stage furnace to form a first channel; the first-stage furnace second reaction area is communicated with the second-stage furnace second reaction area to form a second channel; a communicating pipeline for communicating the first channel and the second channel is arranged between the first reaction zone of the first-stage furnace and the second reaction zone of the first-stage furnace; the duplex reaction tube comprises a first reaction tube and a second reaction tube which are communicated through a linking pipeline. The invention can simultaneously carry out continuous fast pyrolysis experiment and oil product catalysis quality-improving experiment, and avoids experiment error caused by condensation after oil phase product pyrolysis; not only can realize the pyrolysis catalysis at the same temperature, but also can realize the pyrolysis catalysis at high temperature at low temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solid waste thermochemical treatment devices, and particularly relates to a pyrolysis and catalysis integrated experimental device and method.
Background
Pyrolysis has broad potential in the field of resourceful treatment of organic solid wastes. The laboratory pyrolysis process often adopts an intermittent tube furnace, and after a sample is loaded into a reactor, the temperature of the tube furnace is programmed to reach a target temperature, so that the continuity and rapid temperature rise in the industrial pyrolysis process are difficult to completely simulate. At present, in order to simulate the fast pyrolysis working condition, the following method is often adopted: firstly, the tube furnace is heated to the target temperature, the porcelain boat with the sample is pushed into the tube furnace through the material rod, and the porcelain boat is pushed out through the material rod after pyrolysis. The method is easy to cause sample scattering, air tightness is difficult to guarantee, air enters, and the pyrolysis working condition of the whole process cannot be guaranteed. In addition, the oil phase products generated after pyrolysis are often required to be catalyzed and upgraded, a laboratory often adopts a mode of combining a pyrolysis furnace and a catalytic furnace, but the heat preservation at the interval between the two furnaces is difficult, the oil phase products are seriously condensed, and the oil phase products are difficult to smoothly enter a downstream catalytic furnace. For the slurry raw materials such as oily sludge and the like, the continuous feeding of the traditional tubular furnace is difficult to realize, and the agglomeration is serious in the slurry pyrolysis process, so that the heat and mass transfer efficiency in the standing reaction process is difficult to optimize.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, one of the main objectives of the present invention is to provide a pyrolysis and catalysis integrated experimental apparatus and method, so as to at least partially solve at least one of the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the above objects, as one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an integrated experimental apparatus including a furnace body and a duplex reaction tube; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the furnace body comprises a first-stage furnace and a second-stage furnace, and the first-stage furnace is arranged above the second-stage furnace; the first-stage furnace is provided with a first reaction area of the first-stage furnace and a second reaction area of the first-stage furnace; the secondary furnace is provided with a first reaction area of the secondary furnace and a second reaction area of the secondary furnace; the first reaction zone of the first-stage furnace is communicated with the first reaction zone of the second-stage furnace to form a first channel; the first-stage furnace second reaction area is communicated with the second-stage furnace second reaction area to form a second channel, and the first channel and the second channel are respectively positioned on two sides of the experimental device; a communicating pipeline for communicating the first channel and the second channel is arranged between the first reaction zone of the first-stage furnace and the second reaction zone of the first-stage furnace;
the duplex reaction tube comprises a first reaction tube and a second reaction tube which are communicated through a linking pipeline, the first reaction tube is arranged in the first channel, the second reaction tube is arranged in the second channel, and the linking pipeline is positioned in the communicating pipeline.
As another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a pyrolysis and catalysis integrated method, using the experimental apparatus as described above, comprising: after the furnace body is heated to the target temperature, the material enters a first reaction tube of the duplex reaction tube for pyrolysis, and pyrolysis gas enters a second reaction tube for catalytic reaction to complete the pyrolysis and catalysis integrated reaction.
Based on the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the pyrolysis and catalysis integrated experimental device and method disclosed by the invention have at least one of the following advantages:
1. the invention can simultaneously carry out continuous fast pyrolysis experiment and oil product catalysis quality-improving experiment, and avoids experiment error caused by condensation after oil phase product pyrolysis; not only can realize the catalysis of pyrolysis at the same temperature (400-600 ℃) but also can realize the catalysis at high temperature (600-900 ℃ and 600 ℃) of pyrolysis at low temperature (400-600 ℃);
2. the invention provides a plurality of feeding modes for different raw materials, and can particularly simulate the pyrolysis process of a burette furnace for slurry raw materials such as sludge, oil sludge, coal water slurry and the like, and can simulate the rapid pyrolysis process for dried solid raw materials;
3. the invention adopts the design of reverse hedging of feeding and air inlet, effectively promotes the internal convection mixing and improves the heat and mass transfer efficiency; the preheating of the top feeding can also be realized by the heat ascending rule; the outlet gas descends to facilitate condensation and recovery of oil products, so that difficulty in condensation and recovery of the bend is avoided;
4. the invention can also develop the experiments of gasification, pyrolysis-gasification and pyrolysis-incineration coupling, and the switching of multiple experimental purposes is convenient;
5. the hanging basket type feeding unit can quickly lift the secondary furnace to the primary furnace to finish high-temperature incineration or gasification of the residues after the low-temperature pyrolysis of the secondary furnace is finished, so that heat loss caused by residue transfer after the pyrolysis is finished is avoided;
6. the invention simulates the engineering practice to the maximum extent, effectively ensures the air tightness and constant temperature and improves the accuracy of experimental data.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a furnace body part of a novel multifunctional rapid pyrolysis and catalysis integrated experimental device in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first feeding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second feeding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third feeding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first co-reactor tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second co-located reaction tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a third co-located reaction tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1-first-stage furnace; 2-a secondary furnace; 3-a catalytic reaction zone; 4-plug; 5-insulating layer; 6, filtering a screen; 7-a linking pipe; 8-an inert gas inlet pipe; 9-a thermocouple; 10-oxygen inlet pipe; 11-bearing plate; 12-a condensation unit; 13-quick opening of the flange; 14-a peristaltic pump; 15-preheating the pipeline; 16-hanging basket; 17-a closed rubber ring; 18-a feed bin; 19-controllable gate.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a pyrolysis and catalysis integrated experimental device, which comprises a furnace body and a duplex reaction tube; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the furnace body comprises a first-stage furnace and a second-stage furnace, and the first-stage furnace is arranged above the second-stage furnace; the first-stage furnace is provided with a first reaction area of the first-stage furnace and a second reaction area of the first-stage furnace; the secondary furnace is provided with a first reaction area of the secondary furnace and a second reaction area of the secondary furnace; the first reaction zone of the first-stage furnace is communicated with the first reaction zone of the second-stage furnace to form a first channel; the first-stage furnace second reaction area is communicated with the second-stage furnace second reaction area to form a second channel, and the first channel and the second channel are respectively positioned on two sides of the experimental device; a communicating pipeline for communicating the first channel and the second channel is arranged between the first reaction zone of the first-stage furnace and the second reaction zone of the first-stage furnace;
the duplex reaction tube comprises a first reaction tube and a second reaction tube which are communicated through a linking pipeline, the first reaction tube is arranged in the first channel, the second reaction tube is arranged in the second channel, and the linking pipeline is positioned in the communicating pipeline.
In some embodiments of the invention, the duplex reaction tubes comprise any one of a first duplex reaction tube, a second duplex reaction tube, or a third duplex reaction tube;
in some embodiments of the invention, the reaction zones of the first and second reaction tubes of the first duplex reaction tube are both disposed within the primary furnace;
in some embodiments of the invention, the reaction zones of the first and second reaction tubes of the second duplex reaction tube are both disposed within the secondary furnace;
in some embodiments of the invention, the reaction zone of the first reaction tube of the third duplex reaction tube is disposed within the secondary furnace and the reaction zone of the second reaction tube is disposed within the primary furnace.
In some embodiments of the invention, the diameter of the second reaction tube is smaller than the diameter of the first reaction tube;
in some embodiments of the present invention, a plug is disposed at the bottom of the first reaction tube;
in some embodiments of the invention, a bearing plate for preventing pyrolysis ash from falling into the bottom is arranged above the plug;
in some embodiments of the present invention, a plug is disposed on the top of the second reaction tube;
in some embodiments of the invention, the primary furnace and the secondary furnace have independent heating units and temperature control units, respectively.
In some embodiments of the invention, the linking conduit is disposed at 1/5 to 1/3 from the top of the duplex reaction tube;
in some embodiments of the invention, a filter unit is disposed within the linking duct;
in some embodiments of the invention, the filter unit comprises a filter screen.
In some embodiments of the invention, the experimental apparatus further comprises an air intake unit;
in some embodiments of the invention, the gas inlet unit is disposed at the bottom of the first reaction tube;
in some embodiments of the invention, the air inlet unit is connected with the experimental device through a flange;
in some embodiments of the invention, the gas intake unit comprises an inert gas intake pipe and an oxygen intake pipe;
in some embodiments of the invention, the inert gas inlet pipe extends to between the plug and the bearing plate of the first reaction pipe; wherein, the oxygen inlet pipe extends into the first reaction zone of the first-stage furnace.
In some embodiments of the invention, the experimental apparatus further comprises a feed unit;
in some embodiments of the invention, the feed unit is disposed at the top of the first reaction tube;
in some embodiments of the invention, the feed unit is connected to the experimental device by a flange;
in some embodiments of the invention, the feed unit comprises any of a first feed unit, a second feed unit, or a third feed unit;
in some embodiments of the invention, the first feeding unit comprises a peristaltic pump and a pre-heating conduit for conveying the slurry feedstock;
in some embodiments of the invention, the second feed unit comprises a basket for conveying a dried solid waste feedstock;
in some embodiments of the invention, the third feed unit comprises a feed bin for conveying a dried solid waste feedstock;
in some embodiments of the invention, the second feeding unit basket is designed and sized according to the volume of the required experimental material, and is provided with air-permeable partition plates on the periphery.
In some embodiments of the invention, the experimental apparatus further comprises a condensing unit disposed at the bottom of the second reaction tube;
in some embodiments of the invention, the experimental apparatus further comprises a heat preservation unit disposed outside the electric heating furnace;
in some embodiments of the invention, the experimental apparatus further comprises a discharge unit;
in some embodiments of the invention, the discharge unit is disposed at the bottom of the second reaction tube.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the experimental apparatus further comprises a movable temperature monitoring unit for detecting the temperature at different positions in the duplex reaction tube;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature monitoring unit is disposed at the bottom of the first reaction tube and/or the second reaction tube, respectively.
The invention also discloses a pyrolysis and catalysis integrated method, which adopts the experimental device and comprises the following steps:
after the furnace body is heated to the target temperature, the material enters a first reaction tube of the duplex reaction tube for pyrolysis, and pyrolysis gas enters a second reaction tube for catalytic reaction to complete the pyrolysis and catalysis integrated reaction.
In some embodiments of the present invention, when the duplex reaction tube is a first duplex reaction tube or a second duplex reaction tube, the reaction temperature of the primary furnace and the secondary furnace is the same;
in some embodiments of the invention, when the duplex reaction tube is a third duplex reaction tube, the reaction temperature of the primary furnace is higher than the reaction temperature of the secondary furnace.
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific examples are given by way of illustration only and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in figure 1, the novel multifunctional fast pyrolysis and catalysis integrated experimental device comprises a furnace body, a feeding unit and a duplex reaction tube, wherein the furnace body comprises a left reaction zone, a right reaction zone, a first-stage furnace 1, a second-stage furnace 2 and an upper electric furnace and a lower electric furnace, each electric furnace is provided with an independent heating unit and a temperature control unit, and different temperatures can be set according to experimental requirements.
Wherein, the feed unit of pair reaction tube is located the first reaction tube top in left side, and is provided with the feed inlet, can have 3 kinds of feeding modes:
as shown in fig. 2-4, the feed unit may be any one of a first feed unit, a second feed unit, or a third feed unit;
as shown in fig. 2, the first feeding unit can select a peristaltic pump for continuous feeding, and comprises a peristaltic pump 14 and a preheating pipeline 15, and is used for continuous conveying of slurry raw materials;
as shown in fig. 3, the second feeding unit can adopt a basket type mobile sample introduction, and comprises a manual lifting basket 16 for fast feeding and up-and-down movement of the solid raw material;
as shown in fig. 4, the third feeding unit may employ a bin-type rapid drop injection, including a feeding bin 18 for rapid feeding of the solid feedstock.
Wherein, the duplex reaction tube comprises a left tube, a right tube (namely a first reaction tube and a second reaction tube) and a linking pipeline 7; the left pipe and the right pipe realize the process simulation of left pyrolysis and right catalysis/gasification/incineration; as shown in fig. 5-7, the duplex reaction tubes can be arranged in three forms:
as shown in fig. 5, the first duplex reaction tube is used for realizing pyrolysis catalysis under the same temperature working condition; the left pyrolysis zone (i.e., the reaction zone of the first reaction tube) and the right catalytic zone (i.e., the reaction zone of the second reaction tube) are located in the same primary furnace 1.
As shown in fig. 6, the second duplex reaction tube is used for realizing pyrolysis catalysis under the same temperature working condition; the left pyrolysis zone (i.e., the reaction zone of the first reaction tube) and the right catalytic zone (i.e., the reaction zone of the second reaction tube) are located in the secondary furnace 2.
As shown in fig. 7, a third duplex reaction tube for implementing low-temperature pyrolysis high-temperature catalysis; the left pyrolysis zone (the reaction zone of the first reaction tube) is located in the secondary furnace 2, and the right catalytic zone (the reaction zone of the second reaction tube) is located in the primary furnace 1. The left side pyrolysis zone is located the second grade stove, and the right side catalysis district is located the first-order stove, accords with the heat and goes upward the law, realizes low temperature pyrolysis high temperature catalysis.
Wherein, the linking pipeline 7 is positioned one fifth to one third, preferably one fourth, above the left and right pipes. The position is too high to keep away from the heating zone of furnace body, can cause the condensation of pyrolysis back oil phase product, and the position is crossed lowly can cause excessive pyrolysis lime-ash to get into the right side reaction tube along with gas.
Wherein, a filter screen 6 is arranged in the connecting pipeline 7 to prevent ash from entering the right reaction tube.
The upper end of the right reaction tube is provided with the plug 4 instead of adopting direct welding sealing, so that the catalyst can be conveniently pushed in and pushed out, meanwhile, pyrolysis gas is prevented from flowing back to a non-heating area at the upper part after entering the right reaction tube, and the air tightness of the plug is considered.
Wherein, the diameter of the right side reaction tube (second reaction tube) is smaller than that of the left side reaction tube (first reaction tube). The right reaction tube is a reaction area for realizing the functions of catalytic upgrading and the like, the diameter of the right reaction tube is smaller than that of the left reaction tube, and the reaction time of homogeneous secondary pyrolysis in the combined process of pyrolysis and non-catalytic processes can be shortened.
Wherein, place the end cap 4 of different length in the left side reaction tube lower extreme sealing member, can realize the function switch of one-level stove pyrolysis and second grade stove pyrolysis fast, hollow end cap can be chooseed for use to the end cap, only needs the guarantee material can not fall into the second grade stove or the non-heating region.
Wherein, the left side reaction tube is placed above the end cap and is accepted the board, prevents that pyrolysis lime-ash from falling into the bottom.
Wherein, the hanging flower basket 16 is according to required experimental material volume design size, sets up ventilative baffle all around, promotes the gas flow.
The gas inlet unit is positioned at the bottom of the first reaction tube on the left side, and the gas in the first reaction tube on the left side flows from top to bottom after entering the second reaction tube on the right side; the gas inlet unit is provided with two gas inlet pipes, namely an inert gas inlet pipe 8 and an oxygen inlet pipe 10, the inert gas inlet pipe 8 extends to the upper part of the left reaction pipe plug 4 and the lower part of the bearing plate 11, and the inert gas inlet pipe is bent laterally to prevent ash from falling into the plug; the oxygen gas pipe 10 extends to the heating zone of the primary furnace 1 or the linking pipeline 7 to realize the distribution of gas for gasification or incineration after pyrolysis, and the oxygen gas inlet channel is kept closed under the non-gasification incineration working condition.
Wherein the inert gas is nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide or a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
Wherein, the upper and lower sealing of the reaction tube adopts a quick-opening flange 13;
wherein, 16 cooperation rubber rings of hanging flower baskets 17 are sealed, and the hanging flower basket is sealed because of portable needs cooperation rubber rings, for avoiding the damage of furnace body heat to the feed inlet sealing member of feed unit, sealing device is furnished with circulating water and condenses.
Wherein, the experimental device also comprises a heat-insulating layer 5 (heat-insulating unit) arranged outside the electric heating furnace.
The temperature inside the reaction tube is monitored in real time by a thermocouple 9 (temperature monitoring unit), thermocouple sleeves are respectively arranged on the left side tube and the right side tube from the bottoms of the left side tube and the right side tube, and the thermocouple 9 can move up and down inside the sleeves to test the temperature of the corresponding positions.
Wherein, the bottom of the right reaction tube is provided with a condensing unit 12 for recovering oil phase products and collecting and detecting non-condensable gas.
Example 1
The first duplex reaction tube is matched with the first feeding unit, the peristaltic pump 14 is used for realizing continuous sample injection facing slurry raw materials such as oily sludge and waste mineral oil, the viscosity of the slurry raw materials is effectively reduced by the preheating pipeline 15, and continuous conveying is facilitated. The peristaltic pump 14 controls the feed rate and essentially assumes a dripping state. After the furnace body is heated to the target temperature, the material enters the first reaction tube on the left side, meets the inert gas from the bottom in the first reaction area of the first-stage furnace 1, and is pyrolyzed while falling. Pyrolysis gas enters the second reaction tube on the right side from bottom to top, completes catalytic reaction with a catalyst arranged in the second reaction zone of the first-stage furnace 1, then flows out from the bottom, enters the condensing unit 12 to recover oil phase products, and is collected and detected. In the embodiment, pyrolysis and catalysis are completed in the first reaction area and the second reaction area of the first-stage furnace, the temperature is 400-600 ℃, namely, the pyrolysis and catalysis are at the same temperature, and the second-stage furnace is used as a reaction gas outlet and is kept at the same temperature as the first-stage furnace.
Example 2
The second duplex reaction tube is matched with the first feeding unit, the peristaltic pump 14 is used for realizing continuous sample injection facing slurry raw materials such as oily sludge and waste mineral oil, the viscosity of the slurry raw materials is effectively reduced by the preheating pipeline 15, and continuous conveying is facilitated. The peristaltic pump 14 controls the feed rate and essentially assumes a dripping state. After the furnace body is heated to the target temperature, the material enters the first reaction tube on the left side, meets the inert gas from the bottom, and is pyrolyzed while falling, and finally falls to the bottom of the first reaction area of the second-stage furnace 2, so that the pyrolysis time is prolonged. Pyrolysis gas enters the second reaction tube on the right side from bottom to top, completes catalytic reaction with a catalyst arranged in the second reaction zone of the secondary furnace 2, then flows out from the bottom, enters the condensing unit 12 to recover oil phase products, and is collected and detected. In the embodiment, the primary furnace 1 and the secondary furnace 2 have the same temperature of 400-.
Example 3
The third duplex reaction tube is matched with the second feeding unit, faces to the dried solid waste raw material, and realizes mobile sample injection by using a hanging basket 16. After the furnace body is heated to the target temperature, the hanging basket 16 is manually lowered to enter the first reaction tube at the left side from the top, and then the inert gas from the bottom is encountered in the first reaction zone of the secondary furnace 2, so that the pyrolysis reaction is completed. Pyrolysis gas enters the second reaction tube on the right side from bottom to top, completes catalytic reaction with a catalyst arranged in the second reaction zone of the first-stage furnace 1, then flows out from the bottom, enters the condensing unit 12 to recover oil phase products, and is collected and detected. The first-stage furnace 1 in the embodiment has the high temperature of 600-900 ℃ (excluding 600 ℃); the temperature of the secondary furnace 2 is 400-600 ℃. Realizing the high-temperature catalysis of the second-stage furnace 2 and the low-temperature pyrolysis first-stage furnace 1.
Example 4
The third duplex reaction tube is matched with the second feeding unit, faces to the dried solid waste raw material, and realizes mobile sample injection by using a hanging basket 16. After the furnace body is heated to the target temperature, the hanging basket 16 is manually lowered to enter the first reaction tube on the left side from the top, and the inert gas from the bottom is met in the first reaction zone of the secondary furnace 2, so that the pyrolysis reaction is completed. Pyrolysis gas enters the second reaction tube on the right side from bottom to top, flows out from the bottom, enters the condensing unit 12 to recover oil phase products, and is collected and detected. After pyrolysis is finished, the hanging basket 16 is pulled up to the first reaction area of the first-stage furnace 1 manually, the oxygen inlet pipe 10 is opened, and high-temperature gasification or incineration reaction of pyrolysis residues is realized. The reaction gas product flows into the second reaction tube on the right side and then flows out from the bottom, and is collected and detected. In the embodiment, the high temperature of the primary furnace 1 is 600-900 ℃ (600 ℃ is not included), the low temperature of the secondary furnace 2 is 400-600 ℃, and the high-temperature gasification or incineration of the secondary furnace 2 and the low-temperature pyrolysis primary furnace 1 is realized.
Example 5
The third duplex reaction tube is matched with a third feeding unit, faces the dried solid waste raw material, and realizes rapid sample introduction by using a stock bin 18. After the furnace body rises to the target temperature, the bin valve 19 is opened, the material falls into the first reaction tube on the left side, and the inert gas from the bottom is met in the first reaction zone of the second-stage furnace 2, so that the pyrolysis reaction is completed. Pyrolysis gas enters the second reaction tube on the right side from bottom to top, completes catalytic reaction with a catalyst arranged in the second reaction zone of the first-stage furnace 1, then flows out from the bottom, enters the condensing unit 12 to recover oil phase products, and is collected and detected. In the embodiment, the high temperature of the primary furnace 1 is 600-900 ℃ (600 ℃ is not included), the low temperature of the secondary furnace 2 is 400-600 ℃, and the high-temperature catalysis of the secondary furnace 2 low-temperature pyrolysis primary furnace 1 is realized.
Example 6
The third duplex reaction tube is matched with a third feeding unit, faces the dried solid waste raw material, and realizes rapid sample introduction by using a stock bin 18. After the furnace body rises to the target temperature, the bin valve 19 is opened, the material falls into the first reaction tube on the left side, and the inert gas from the bottom is met in the first reaction zone of the second-stage furnace 2, so that the pyrolysis reaction is completed. Pyrolysis gas enters a first reaction zone of the primary furnace 1 from bottom to top, and an oxygen inlet pipe 10 is opened to complete gasification or incineration reaction of the pyrolysis gas. The reaction gas products flowed into the right tube and then out the bottom, where they were collected for detection. In the embodiment, the high temperature of the primary furnace 1 is 600-900 ℃ (600 ℃ is not included), the low temperature of the secondary furnace 2 is 400-600 ℃, and the high-temperature gasification or incineration of the secondary furnace 2 and the low-temperature pyrolysis primary furnace 1 is realized.
It is to be noted that, in the attached drawings or in the description, the implementation modes not shown or described are all the modes known by the ordinary skilled person in the field of technology, and are not described in detail. In addition, the above definitions of the various elements are not limited to the specific structures, shapes or modes mentioned in the embodiments, and those skilled in the art may easily modify or replace them, for example:
(1) directional phrases used in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., refer only to the orientation of the drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure;
(2) the embodiments described above may be mixed and matched with each other or with other embodiments based on design and reliability considerations, i.e. technical features in different embodiments may be freely combined to form further embodiments.
The above embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, and it should be understood that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A pyrolysis and catalysis integrated experimental device is characterized by comprising a furnace body and a duplex reaction tube; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the furnace body comprises a first-stage furnace and a second-stage furnace, and the first-stage furnace is arranged above the second-stage furnace; the first-stage furnace is provided with a first reaction area of the first-stage furnace and a second reaction area of the first-stage furnace; the secondary furnace is provided with a first reaction area of the secondary furnace and a second reaction area of the secondary furnace; the first reaction zone of the first-stage furnace is communicated with the first reaction zone of the second-stage furnace to form a first channel; the first-stage furnace second reaction area is communicated with the second-stage furnace second reaction area to form a second channel, and the first channel and the second channel are respectively positioned on two sides of the experimental device; a communicating pipeline for communicating the first channel and the second channel is arranged between the first reaction zone of the first-stage furnace and the second reaction zone of the first-stage furnace;
the duplex reaction tube comprises a first reaction tube and a second reaction tube which are communicated through a linking pipeline, the first reaction tube is arranged in the first channel, the second reaction tube is arranged in the second channel, and the linking pipeline is positioned in the communicating pipeline;
a first plug is arranged at the bottom of the first reaction tube;
wherein a bearing plate for preventing pyrolysis ash from falling into the bottom is arranged above the first plug;
a second plug is arranged at the top of the second reaction tube;
the first-stage furnace and the second-stage furnace are respectively provided with an independent heating unit and an independent temperature control unit;
the experimental device also comprises an air inlet unit;
the air inlet unit is arranged at the bottom of the first reaction tube;
the air inlet unit is connected with the experimental device through a flange;
the air inlet unit comprises an inert gas inlet pipe and an oxygen inlet pipe;
the inert gas inlet pipe extends to a position between the plug of the first reaction pipe and the bearing plate; the oxygen inlet pipe extends into the first reaction zone of the primary furnace;
the experimental device further comprises a feeding unit;
the feeding unit is arranged at the top of the first reaction tube;
the feeding unit is connected with the experimental device through a flange;
the experimental device also comprises a discharging unit;
wherein, the discharging unit is arranged at the bottom of the second reaction tube.
2. The experimental device according to claim 1,
the duplex reaction tube comprises any one of a first duplex reaction tube, a second duplex reaction tube or a third duplex reaction tube;
wherein, the reaction zones of the first reaction tube and the second reaction tube of the first duplex reaction tube are arranged in the primary furnace;
wherein, the reaction zones of the first reaction tube and the second reaction tube of the second duplex reaction tube are arranged in the secondary furnace;
the reaction zone of the first reaction tube of the third duplex reaction tube is arranged in the secondary furnace, and the reaction zone of the second reaction tube is arranged in the primary furnace.
3. The experimental device according to claim 1,
the diameter of the second reaction tube is smaller than that of the first reaction tube.
4. The experimental device according to claim 1,
the linking pipe is arranged at 1/5 to 1/3 from the top of the duplex reaction tube;
a filtering unit is arranged in the linking pipeline;
wherein, the filter unit includes the filter screen.
5. The experimental device according to claim 1,
the feeding unit comprises any one of a first feeding unit, a second feeding unit or a third feeding unit;
the first feeding unit comprises a peristaltic pump and a preheating pipeline and is used for conveying slurry raw materials;
wherein the second feed unit comprises a basket for conveying the dried solid waste feedstock;
wherein the third feed unit comprises a feed bin for conveying a dried solid waste feedstock;
and the second feeding unit hanging basket is designed into a size according to the volume of the required experimental material, and the periphery of the second feeding unit hanging basket is provided with a ventilating partition plate.
6. The experimental device according to claim 1,
the experimental device also comprises a condensing unit arranged at the bottom of the second reaction tube;
the experimental device also comprises a heat preservation unit arranged outside the electric heating furnace.
7. The experimental device according to claim 1,
the experimental device also comprises a movable temperature monitoring unit for detecting the temperature of different positions in the duplex reaction tube;
wherein, the temperature monitoring unit is respectively arranged at the bottom of the first reaction tube and/or the second reaction tube.
8. A method of integrating pyrolysis and catalysis, using the experimental apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
after the furnace body is heated to the target temperature, the material enters a first reaction tube of the duplex reaction tube for pyrolysis, and pyrolysis gas enters a second reaction tube for catalytic reaction to complete the pyrolysis and catalysis integrated reaction.
9. The method of claim 8,
the duplex reaction tube comprises any one of a first duplex reaction tube, a second duplex reaction tube or a third duplex reaction tube;
wherein, the reaction zones of the first reaction tube and the second reaction tube of the first duplex reaction tube are arranged in the primary furnace;
wherein, the reaction zones of the first reaction tube and the second reaction tube of the second duplex reaction tube are arranged in the secondary furnace;
the reaction zone of the first reaction tube of the third duplex reaction tube is arranged in the secondary furnace, and the reaction zone of the second reaction tube is arranged in the primary furnace;
when the duplex reaction tube is the first duplex reaction tube or the second duplex reaction tube, the reaction temperature of the primary furnace and the secondary furnace is the same;
and when the duplex reaction tube is the third duplex reaction tube, the reaction temperature of the first-stage furnace is higher than that of the second-stage furnace.
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