CN111848099B - Tailing excited gel filling material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Tailing excited gel filling material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of filling materials, and particularly relates to a tailing excited gelling filling material and a preparation method thereof. The cementing filling material comprises a base material, an alkali excitation material and a blending material, wherein the base material comprises mine tailings, building material waste, a cementing material and a high-efficiency water reducing agent, the alkali excitation material comprises one or more of silicate, sulfate, carbonate and chlorate, calcium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, triisopropanolamine, modified starch ether and methyl cellulose, and the blending material comprises hemihydrate gypsum, water glass, stearic acid, citric acid residue and a thickening agent; the alkaline excitation material and the blending material have obvious cementing auxiliary performance, the mine tailings and other stone sand materials are activated, the cementing performance of the mine tailings is improved, the fluidity of the mine tailings is improved, and the mine tailings has excellent water absorption and water retention performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of filling materials, and particularly relates to a tailing excited gelled filling material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of industrialization and the great increase of the demand on mineral products, the development scale of mining industry is increased, the discharge and accumulation amount of tailings is increased, the resource recycling of the tailings is changed, great attention is paid to the preparation of filling materials by using the tailings, the resource recycling of the tailings not only contributes greatly to the environment, reduces the damage of the tailings to the ecological environment, but also avoids the problems of geological safety and water and soil pollution caused by the accumulation of the tailings, avoids the life harm to human beings and animals, and also brings economic improvement.
The filling material is generally a solid material composed of gelled substances such as soil, sand, stone, rock block, industrial waste residue, cement and the like used for filling the goaf, the cemented filling material is a filling material containing a gelled material, a cemented filling body formed by the cemented filling material has large supporting capacity, the commonly used cemented charging material is mainly divided into concrete and cement mortar, the concrete is mainly formed by mixing coarse and fine aggregates and cement paste, and the cement mortar is mainly formed by mixing fine sand or tailing sand and the cement paste. In the prior art, the main components of the tailing filling material are cement and fly ash, and then coarse and fine aggregates and an auxiliary agent are selected to be blended to form the filling material with cementing capacity, but the tailing filling material is still insufficient in the aspect of realizing the comprehensive utilization of the tailing, and the filling material which has excellent physical and chemical properties and can save energy and reduce emission is not formed, so that the development of a novel efficient, economic and practical tailing cementing filling material is particularly critical.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a tailing excited cementitious filling material and a preparation method thereof, which form a filling material with high concentration, high strength, good fluidity, low bleeding rate, no segregation and no agglomeration.
The technical content of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a tailing excited gelled filling material which comprises a base material, an alkaline excited material and a blending material, wherein the mixing ratio of the base material to the alkaline excited material to the blending material is (9-12): (1:2): (1: 3);
the matrix material comprises mine tailings, building material waste, a cementing material and a high-efficiency water reducing agent, and the mixing ratio of the matrix material is (7-10): (5-6): (2-4): 1; the building material waste comprises waste slag, concrete blocks, broken stone blocks, brick and tile broken blocks, waste mortar, asphalt blocks and the like;
the alkaline excitation material comprises one or more of silicate, sulfate, carbonate and chlorate, also comprises calcium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, and also comprises triisopropanolamine, modified starch ether and methyl cellulose, and can quickly activate the activities of mine tailings and building material waste, accelerate the combination of the mine tailings and the building material waste, improve the strength of the filling material and improve the cementing property of the filling material;
the components of the admixture material comprise semi-hydrated gypsum, water glass, stearic acid, citric acid slag and a thickening time control agent;
the particle sizes of the mine tailings and the building material waste are less than or equal to 10 mm;
the cementing material comprises one or more of slag powder, slag powder and fly ash;
the high-efficiency water reducing agent comprises one or more of a carboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, a naphthalene high-efficiency water reducing agent, a melamine high-efficiency water reducing agent and a fatty acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, and the water reducing agent can improve the coagulation performance of the filling material and increase the fluidity;
the components of the coagulation regulator comprise a mixture of sodium gluconate, boric acid, sodium metasilicate and aluminum sulfate, and the combination of the coagulation regulator can adjust the cementing time of the filling material to a certain extent and provide a space for improving the cementing capacity of the filling material;
the hemihydrate gypsum comprises alpha-hemihydrate gypsum or beta-hemihydrate gypsum.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the tailing excited gelled filling material, which comprises the following steps:
adding an alkaline excitation material into a base material, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature at a stirring speed of 130-180 r/min to obtain a mixed material A;
adding an alkaline excitation material into the blended material, and uniformly stirring at 60-80 ℃ at a stirring speed of 100-140 r/min to obtain a mixed material B;
and mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ at the stirring speed of 155-185 r/min to obtain the gel filling material.
The preparation of the matrix material comprises the following steps: crushing and mixing mine tailings and building material waste, adding a cementing material and a high-efficiency water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature at a stirring speed of 80-100 r/min;
the mine tailings and the building material waste are crushed to enable the particle size of the crushed material to be less than or equal to 10mm, then the crushed material is dried to enable the water content to be less than or equal to 1%, and then the crushed material is ground to enable the specific surface area to be more than or equal to 400m 2 Kg, uniformity of the matrix material obtained by final mixing is more than 99%;
the preparation of the alkali-activated material comprises the following steps: mixing one or more than one of silicate, sulfate, carbonate and chlorate under the stirring state at the speed of 70-90 r/min, adding calcium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, heating to 40-50 ℃, adding triisopropanolamine, modified starch ether and methyl cellulose to perform constant-temperature reaction, and uniformly stirring, wherein the prepared alkali-activated material can activate the activity of tailings and building material waste by assisting a cementing material to form a filling material with excellent strength and fluidity;
the preparation of the blended material comprises: mixing the semi-hydrated gypsum, the water glass, the stearic acid, the citric acid residue and the thickening time control agent under the stirring state with the speed of 80-100 r/min, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 60-70 ℃;
the preparation of the coagulation regulator comprises the following steps: under the stirring state with the speed of 80-100 r/min, mixing the sodium gluconate, the boric acid, the sodium metasilicate and the aluminum sulfate, dissolving the mixture in a proper amount of water, stirring and mixing uniformly, and adding the coagulation regulator into the admixture, so that the gelation degree of the filling material is improved and the fluidity of the filling material is improved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with cement or other filling materials, the tailing excited gelled filling material has stronger bonding strength and fluidity, the alkaline excited material and the mixed material have obvious bonding auxiliary performance, the mine tailing and other stone sand materials are activated, the bonding performance of the mine tailing is improved, and the fluidity of the mine tailing is increased at the same time, so that the filling concentration of the filling material is improved by nearly 10%, the utilization rate of the tailing is improved by 15%, the tailing has excellent water absorption and retention performances, the possibility is provided for realizing long-distance conveying of the mine tailing, an important technical support is provided for exiting of a mine tailing warehouse, and waste is changed into valuable to a great extent;
the alkaline exciting material, the components and the proportion of the blended material are adjusted, and the preparation process of the filling material is optimized to form the filling material with the structural uniformity reaching 99 percent, so that the tailing exciting cementitious filling material with high strength and high fluidity is prepared, the compressive strength of the tailing exciting cementitious filling material can reach about 10MPa within 28 days, the bleeding rate is only about 2 percent, the fluidity is high, and the obtained filling material is not easy to separate and is not strong and hard to agglomerate.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail in the following detailed description with reference to specific embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
All the raw materials and reagents of the invention are conventional market raw materials and reagents unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A tailing excited gel filling material:
1. preparing raw materials:
1) preparing a base material: crushing mine tailings and building material waste to ensure that the particle size of the crushed and discharged materials is less than or equal to 10mm, drying the crushed and discharged materials to ensure that the moisture content is less than or equal to 1 percent, and grinding the crushed and discharged materials to ensure that the specific surface area is more than or equal to 400m 2 The mine tailings and the building material waste are mixed, then a cementing material (slag powder) and a high-efficiency water reducing agent (polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent) are added, and the mixture is uniformly stirred at normal temperature, wherein the stirring speed is 80 r/min;
the mixing ratio of the mine tailings, the building material waste, the cementing material and the high-efficiency water reducing agent is 7:5:2: 1;
2) preparing an alkali excitation material: mixing calcium silicate and sodium sulfate under stirring at a speed of 70r/min, adding sodium hydroxide, heating to 40 ℃, adding triisopropanolamine, modified starch ether and methylcellulose to perform constant-temperature reaction, and uniformly stirring, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 2:2:2:1:1: 1;
3) preparing a blended material: mixing alpha-type semi-hydrated gypsum, water glass, stearic acid, citric acid residue and a thickening time regulator under the stirring state of 80r/min, and uniformly stirring at 60 ℃, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 4:3:1:1: 2;
the preparation of the set control agent comprises the following steps: mixing sodium gluconate, boric acid, sodium metasilicate and aluminum sulfate under the stirring condition at the speed of 80r/min, dissolving in a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 1:1:2: 2;
2. preparation of filling materials
A) Adding an alkaline excitation material (the mixing ratio is 10:1) into the base material, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature at the stirring speed of 130r/min to obtain a mixed material A;
B) adding an alkaline excitation material (the mixing ratio is 2:1) into the blended material, and uniformly stirring at 60 ℃ at a stirring speed of 100r/min to obtain a mixed material B;
C) and mixing the mixed material A and the mixed material B (the mixing ratio is 5:1), and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 30 ℃ at the stirring speed of 155r/min to obtain the gel filling material.
Example 2
A tailing excited gel filling material:
1. preparing raw materials:
1) preparing a base material: mixing mine tailings and building material waste, adding a cementing material (slag powder and slag powder 1:1) and a high-efficiency water reducing agent (naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducing agent and melamine-based high-efficiency water reducing agent 2:1), and uniformly stirring at normal temperature at the stirring speed of 85 r/min;
the mixing ratio of the mine tailings, the building material waste, the cementing material and the high-efficiency water reducing agent is 8:5:3: 1;
2) preparing an alkaline excitation material: mixing magnesium carbonate and sodium chlorate under the stirring condition at the speed of 75r/min, adding calcium hydroxide, heating to 45 ℃, adding triisopropanolamine, modified starch ether and methylcellulose to perform constant-temperature reaction, and uniformly stirring, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 2:1:1:2:1: 1;
3) preparing a blended material: mixing beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum, water glass, stearic acid, citric acid residues and a thickening time control agent under the stirring state of 85r/min, and uniformly stirring at 63 ℃, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 5:3:2:1: 2;
the preparation of the set control agent comprises the following steps: mixing sodium gluconate, boric acid, sodium metasilicate and aluminum sulfate under the stirring condition of 85r/min, dissolving in a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 3:2:1: 2;
2. preparation of filling materials
A) Adding an alkaline excitation material (the mixing ratio is 9:1.5) into the base material, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature at the stirring speed of 140r/min to obtain a mixed material A;
B) adding an alkaline excitation material (the mixing ratio is 3:2) into the blended material, and uniformly stirring at 65 ℃ at the stirring speed of 110r/min to obtain a mixed material B;
C) and mixing the mixture A and the mixture B (the mixing ratio is 8:3), and uniformly stirring at 35 ℃ at a stirring speed of 165r/min to obtain the gel filling material.
Example 3
A tailing excited gel filling material:
1. preparing raw materials:
1) preparing a base material: mixing mine tailings and building material waste, adding a cementing material (slag powder and fly ash 1:1) and a high-efficiency water reducing agent (fatty acid high-efficiency water reducing agent), and uniformly stirring at normal temperature at the stirring speed of 85 r/min;
the mixing ratio of the mine tailings, the building material waste, the cementing material and the high-efficiency water reducing agent is 9:6:3: 1;
2) preparing an alkaline excitation material: mixing magnesium sulfate and calcium chlorate under the stirring condition at the speed of 75r/min, adding sodium hydroxide, heating to 45 ℃, adding triisopropanolamine, modified starch ether and methylcellulose to perform constant-temperature reaction, and uniformly stirring, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 1:1:1:2:1: 2;
3) preparing a blended material: mixing alpha-type hemihydrate gypsum, water glass, stearic acid, citric acid residue and a thickening time control agent under the stirring state of 85r/min, and uniformly stirring at 65 ℃, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 2:2:1:1: 1;
the preparation of the set control agent comprises the following steps: mixing sodium gluconate, boric acid, sodium metasilicate and aluminum sulfate under the stirring condition of 85r/min, dissolving in a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 2:2:1: 1;
2. preparation of filling materials
A) Adding an alkaline excitation material (the mixing ratio is 9:1) into the base material, and uniformly stirring at the normal temperature at the stirring speed of 160r/min to obtain a mixed material A;
B) adding an alkaline excitation material (the mixing ratio is 2:0.5) into the blended material, and uniformly stirring at 70 ℃ at the stirring speed of 130r/min to obtain a mixed material B;
C) and (3) mixing the mixed material A and the mixed material B (the mixing ratio is 4:1), and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 40 ℃ at the stirring speed of 175r/min to obtain the gel filling material.
Example 4
A tailing excited gel filling material:
1. preparing raw materials:
1) preparing a base material: mixing mine tailings and building material waste, adding a cementing material (slag powder and fly ash 1:1) and a high-efficiency water reducing agent (carboxylic acid-based high-efficiency water reducing agent and fatty acid-based high-efficiency water reducing agent 1:1), and uniformly stirring at normal temperature at the stirring speed of 95 r/min;
the mixing ratio of the mine tailings, the building material waste, the cementing material and the high-efficiency water reducing agent is 9:6:3: 1;
2) preparing an alkali excitation material: mixing sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide under the stirring state at the speed of 85r/min, heating to 48 ℃, adding triisopropanolamine, modified starch ether and methyl cellulose to perform constant-temperature reaction, and uniformly stirring, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 2:2:2:1: 1;
3) preparing a blended material: mixing beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum, water glass, stearic acid, citric acid residue and a thickening time regulator under the stirring condition of the speed of 95r/min, and uniformly stirring at 68 ℃, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 2:1:1:2: 1;
the preparation of the coagulation regulator comprises the following steps: mixing sodium gluconate, boric acid, sodium metasilicate and aluminum sulfate under the stirring state of 95r/min, dissolving in a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 1:1:1:1: 1;
2. preparation of filling materials
A) Adding an alkaline excitation material (the mixing ratio is 11:1) into the base material, and uniformly stirring at the normal temperature at the stirring speed of 170r/min to obtain a mixed material A;
B) adding an alkaline excitation material (the mixing ratio is 3:1.5) into the blended material, and uniformly stirring at 75 ℃ at the stirring speed of 135r/min to obtain a mixed material B;
C) and (3) mixing the mixed material A and the mixed material B (the mixing ratio is 6:1.5), and uniformly stirring at 45 ℃ at a stirring speed of 180r/min to obtain the gel filling material.
Example 5
A tailing excited gel filling material:
1. preparing raw materials:
1) preparing a base material: mixing mine tailings and building material waste, adding a cementing material (slag powder, slag powder and fly ash in a ratio of 1:1:1) and a high-efficiency water reducing agent (naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducing agent, melamine-based high-efficiency water reducing agent and fatty acid-based high-efficiency water reducing agent in a ratio of 1:1:1), and uniformly stirring at normal temperature at a stirring speed of 100 r/min;
the mixing ratio of the mine tailings, the building material waste, the cementing material and the high-efficiency water reducing agent is 10:6:4: 1;
2) preparing an alkaline excitation material: mixing magnesium silicate, calcium sulfate and sodium chlorate under the stirring condition of the speed of 90r/min, adding sodium hydroxide, heating to 50 ℃, adding triisopropanolamine, modified starch ether and methyl cellulose to perform constant-temperature reaction, and uniformly stirring, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 1:1:1:1:1:2: 2;
3) preparing a blended material: mixing alpha-type semi-hydrated gypsum, water glass, stearic acid, citric acid residue and a thickening time regulator under the stirring state with the speed of 100r/min, and uniformly stirring at 70 ℃, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 3:2:1:2:1: 2;
the preparation of the coagulation regulator comprises the following steps: mixing sodium gluconate, boric acid, sodium metasilicate and aluminum sulfate under the stirring condition with the speed of 100r/min, dissolving in a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the mixing ratio of the components is 1:2:1: 1;
2. preparation of filling materials
A) Adding an alkaline excitation material (the mixing ratio is 12:1.5) into the base material, and uniformly stirring at the normal temperature at the stirring speed of 180r/min to obtain a mixed material A;
B) adding an alkaline excitation material (the mixing ratio is 3:1) into the blended material, and uniformly stirring at 80 ℃ at the stirring speed of 140r/min to obtain a mixed material B;
C) and (3) mixing the mixed material A and the mixed material B (the mixing ratio is 7:2), and uniformly stirring at 50 ℃ at a stirring speed of 185r/min to obtain the gel filling material.
Comparative example 1
On the basis of the example 1, the alkali-activated material used in the example 1 was changed, and triisopropanolamine, modified starch ether, methyl cellulose and other materials in the alkali-activated material were removed without changing the other materials.
Comparative example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the blending material adopted in the embodiment 1 is changed, the pour point regulator material in the blending material is removed, and the rest is not changed.
Comparative example 3
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the blending material adopted in the embodiment 1 is changed, and materials such as stearic acid, citric acid residues, a pour point regulator and the like in the blending material are removed, and the others are not changed.
The filling materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples were used in the tests and the performance tests as follows:
the filling materials known in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were poured into three-piece molds of 70.7mm × 70.7mm × 70.7mm, i.e., 8 groups (No. 1 to 8) of filling materials, and after demolding, the filling materials were placed in a curing oven for standard curing in a constant temperature and humidity environment, and the performance was measured after curing for 7d and 28d, and the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 filling material performance test data
As can be seen from table 1, the filling concentration of the filling material prepared in embodiments 1 to 5 of the present invention is increased by approximately 10%, which indicates that the utilization rate of the mine tailings is increased, the compressive strength and the fluidity thereof have greater advantages than those of the comparative example, and the filling material has superior performance in slump, bleeding rate and stratification, which indicates that the tailing excited cementitious filling material of the present invention has the characteristics of high strength and high fluidity, and through the comparative example, it is seen that the alkaline excited material and the admixture material of the present invention have great auxiliary functions for the performance of the filling material, and the cementing performance of the mine tailings is greatly improved.
Claims (7)
1. The tailing excited gel filling material is characterized by comprising a base material, an alkaline excited material and a blending material, wherein the mixing ratio of the base material to the alkaline excited material to the blending material is (9-12): (1-2): (1-3);
the matrix material comprises mine tailings, building material waste, a cementing material and a high-efficiency water reducing agent, and the mixing ratio of the matrix material is (7-10): (5-6): (2-4): 1;
the preparation of the matrix material comprises the following steps: crushing and mixing mine tailings and building material waste, adding a cementing material and a high-efficiency water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature at the stirring speed of 80-100 r/min;
the mine tailings and the building material waste are crushed to enable the particle size of the crushed material to be less than or equal to 10mm, then the crushed material is dried to enable the water content to be less than or equal to 1%, and then the crushed material is ground to enable the specific surface area to be more than or equal to 400m 2 /kg；
The preparation of the alkali-activated material comprises the following steps: mixing one or more of silicate, sulfate, carbonate and chlorate under the stirring condition of 70-90 r/min, adding calcium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, heating to 40-50 ℃, adding triisopropanolamine, modified starch ether and methyl cellulose to perform constant-temperature reaction, and uniformly stirring;
the components of the admixture material comprise semi-hydrated gypsum, water glass, stearic acid, citric acid slag and a thickening time control agent;
the components of the coagulation regulator comprise sodium gluconate, boric acid, sodium metasilicate and aluminum sulfate.
2. The tailings activated cementitious filler material of claim 1, wherein the cementitious material comprises one or more of slag powder, fly ash.
3. The tailings excited gel-fill material of claim 1, wherein the high-efficiency water-reducing agent comprises one or more of a carboxylic acid-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent, a naphthalene-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent, a melamine-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent, and a fatty acid-based high-efficiency water-reducing agent.
4. The preparation method of the tailing excited gel filling material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding an alkaline excitation material into a base material, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature at the stirring speed of 130-180 r/min to obtain a mixed material A;
adding an alkaline excitation material into the blended material, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ at a stirring speed of 100-140 r/min to obtain a mixed material B;
and mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ at the stirring speed of 155-185 r/min to obtain the gel filling material.
5. The method for preparing the tailing excited cementitious filler according to claim 4, wherein the preparation of the matrix material comprises: and crushing and mixing the mine tailings and the building material waste, adding the cementing material and the high-efficiency water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring at normal temperature at the stirring speed of 80-100 r/min.
6. The method for preparing tailing excited cementitious filling material according to claim 5, wherein the mine tailing and waste building material are crushed to a particle size of less than or equal to 10mm, dried to a moisture content of less than or equal to 1%, and ground to a specific surface area of more than or equal to 400m 2 /kg。
7. The method for preparing the tailing excited cementitious filling material according to claim 4, wherein the preparation of the alkali-excited material comprises the following steps: mixing one or more than one of silicate, sulfate, carbonate and chlorate under the stirring condition of 70-90 r/min, adding calcium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, heating to 40-50 ℃, adding triisopropanolamine, modified starch ether and methyl cellulose for constant-temperature reaction, and uniformly stirring.
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