CN111837664A

CN111837664A - Double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine

Info

Publication number: CN111837664A
Application number: CN202010850729.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐峰; 安龙哲; 李会荣; 李宁; 孙毅; 孙振雨; 王密盛; 张婷婷; 李净仪; 孙涛; 李正仁
Original assignee: Mudanjiang Academy Of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Mudanjiang Agricultural Machinery Engineering Research Institute
Current assignee: Mudanjiang Academy Of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences Mudanjiang Agricultural Machinery Engineering Research Institute
Priority date: 2020-08-21
Filing date: 2020-08-21
Publication date: 2020-10-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-shaft corn stalk crushing and returning machine, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery, comprising: the frame body is provided with a first gearbox and a second gearbox which are connected through a universal joint; the first crushing part is arranged in the frame body and is in transmission connection with the first gearbox; the second crushing portion is also arranged inside the frame body and is in transmission connection with the second gearbox, and the second crushing portion and the first crushing portion are arranged at intervals. This still field machine is smashed to biax maize straw smashes maize straw through adopting two crushing portions of first crushing portion and second crushing portion to smash, through the regrinding, smashes the effect better, and inefficiency, the easy problem that takes place arbor and twine careless trouble when having solved the kibbling straw of current straw still field equipment.

Description

Double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine.

Background

The corn straw scale is smashed and returned to the field, so that organic matters and effective nutrient elements in the straws can be returned to the soil, and the soil fertility is improved; the corn straw returning can effectively utilize organic fertilizer resources, increase soil organic matters, improve soil block structure, promote soil block microorganism activity, enhance soil fertilizer retention and supply performance, facilitate increase of soil porosity, increase soil air permeability, promote crop root growth, destroy soil hardening degree, facilitate no-tillage seeding of corn and increase crop yield; the method has the advantages of improving the quality of clothes products, saving fertilizer investment, reducing production cost, increasing income of farmers, reducing pollution to atmosphere, soil, water quality and environment caused by incineration and waste, and having important significance for promoting the development of sustainable agriculture and improving the safety of agricultural products.

The corn straw scale smashing and returning machine is a common operation machine which is popularized and used in corn straw scale smashing and returning operation in China at present, and plays an active role in improving the mechanized level of corn straw scale smashing and returning in China. However, due to the problems existing in the existing machine type structure design and the technical parameter selection determination, the straw crushing effect is poor in operation, the lengths are different, the faults that the grass is wound on the cutter shaft are easy to occur, even the cutter shaft is in a grass roller shape due to the winding of the straw, the operation cannot be continued at all, the winding compactness is extremely high, the machine is difficult to stop to clean the grass, the labor and the time are wasted, the labor intensity is high, and the operation efficiency of machines and tools is reduced; in addition, most of the machines are of a single-shaft structure, the crushing rate of straws is poor, and the corn sowing operation quality in the next year is influenced.

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is how to provide a double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine which can improve the working efficiency of the machine, ensure the working quality, reduce and eliminate the grass winding fault of a cutter shaft and reduce the labor intensity of the machine in use and operation.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine, which solves the problems that the efficiency is low and the grass winding fault of a cutter shaft is easy to occur when the existing straw crushing and returning equipment crushes straws.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine is characterized by comprising:

the frame body is provided with a first gearbox and a second gearbox which are connected through a universal joint;

the first crushing part is arranged in the frame body and is in transmission connection with the first gearbox;

the second crushing portion is also arranged inside the frame body and in transmission connection with the second gearbox, and the second crushing portion and the first crushing portion are arranged at intervals.

Further, first crushing portion includes first belt pulley combination, first moving axis, first sword and stationary knife, first belt pulley combination respectively first gearbox with first moving axis transmission is connected, the both ends of first moving axis with support body rotatable coupling, be equipped with a plurality of first blade holders in the first moving axis, it is a plurality of the crisscross setting in first blade holder interval is in the first moving axis, it is a plurality of be equipped with respectively on the first blade holder first sword, the stationary knife is equipped with a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of the stationary knife interval sets up the support body is inboard, drive when first moving axis rotates first sword is followed pass through in the interval of stationary knife.

Further, the first movable knife comprises two flail knives and two flail knives, the two flail knives are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the flail knife, a gap is reserved between the flail knife and the fixed knife, and when the first movable shaft rotates, the knife head of the flail knife passes through the gap of the fixed knife.

Further, the second crushing part comprises a second belt pulley combination, a second movable shaft, a second movable blade, a third movable shaft and a third movable blade, the second belt pulley combination is respectively in transmission connection with the second gearbox and the third moving shaft, the second moving shaft is in transmission connection with the third moving shaft, the two ends of the second moving shaft and the third moving shaft are rotatably connected with the frame body, the second moving shaft is provided with a plurality of second tool apron which are spirally wound on the second moving shaft at intervals, the second tool apron is respectively provided with a second moving tool, the third moving shaft is parallel to the second moving shaft, a plurality of third tool apron are arranged on the third moving shaft at intervals, the third moving blades are respectively arranged on the plurality of third tool apron, when the second movable shaft rotates, the second movable knife is driven to pass through the space of the third movable knife.

Furthermore, two long holes are oppositely arranged on two sides of the frame body, two ends of the third moving shaft respectively penetrate through the long holes and are connected with the frame body, and the long holes are used for adjusting the distance between the third moving shaft and the second moving shaft.

Further, the second movable knife and the third movable knife are both serrated knives.

Further, still including hugging careless portion, hug careless portion including hugging the tooth group and hugging the tooth axle, it is equipped with a plurality ofly to hug the tooth group, follow on the tooth axle the axial of hugging the tooth axle is equipped with a plurality of being used for the installation wear to establish the hole of hugging the tooth group, and is a plurality of wear to establish the hole and can adjust a plurality of intervals of hugging between the tooth group, the tooth axle with parallel and both ends of second moving axis with the support body is connected.

Furthermore, two rectangular grooves are oppositely arranged on the rack body, and two ends of the tooth raking shaft respectively penetrate through the two rectangular grooves and are connected with the rack body.

Further, hug the tooth group and include mounting and a plurality of tooth of hugging, it is a plurality of the tooth interval arrangement is hugged, and its one end all with mounting fixed connection, its other end forms the trough shape, the mounting with hug epaxial the wear to establish the hole and pass through round pin axle or bolt fixed connection.

Further, the tooth is arc structure.

According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the corn straws are crushed by the first crushing part and the second crushing part, and the crushing effect is better after the second crushing;

2. the third movable shaft is in transmission connection with the second belt pulley combination, and the second movable shaft is in transmission connection with the third movable shaft, so that the rotation directions of the second movable shaft and the third movable shaft can be the same, the second movable knife and the third movable knife move in opposite directions at the junction, the relative speed of the second movable knife and the third movable knife is increased, the corn straw crushing is facilitated, the secondary crushing of the corn straw is facilitated, and when the third movable shaft is designed, the same crushing effect can be achieved at a lower rotating speed compared with the existing design, and the power consumption of a unit can be reduced;

3. the distance between the second movable shaft and the third movable shaft can be adjusted by adjusting the mounting position of the third movable shaft in the long-strip hole, so that the gap between the second movable cutter and the third movable cutter is changed, and the crushing length of the corn straws is adjusted;

4. the rack body is provided with a rectangular groove, so that the mounting position of the tooth raking shaft in the rectangular groove can be adjusted, and the distance between the tooth raking shaft and the ground can be further adjusted;

5. the double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine can be suitable for terrains with different ridge distances by arranging the plurality of through holes on the tooth holding shaft and adjusting the distance between the tooth holding groups according to different positions of the through holes for selectively installing the tooth holding groups;

6. connect first gearbox and second gearbox respectively through the universal joint, make the rotation direction of first moving axis and second moving axis opposite, and then increase the relative speed between first moving axis and the second moving axis, more powerful in corn stalk's crushing.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a double-shaft corn stalk crushing and returning machine provided by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an expanded structure of a first movable shaft according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second movable shaft and a third movable shaft provided by the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the rake portion provided by the present invention.

Wherein: 1 is a frame body; 2 is a first crushing part; 21 is a first pulley assembly; 22 is a first moving shaft; 23 is a first moving knife; 231 is a flail knife; 232 is throwing piece; 24 is a fixed cutter; 3 is a second crushing part; 31 is a second belt pulley combination; 32 is a second moving shaft; 33 is a second moving blade; 34 is a third moving shaft; 35 is a third moving blade; 4 is a universal joint; 5 is a first gearbox; 6 is a second gearbox; 7 is a first tool apron; 8 is a second tool apron; 9 is a third tool apron; 10 is a long hole; 11 is a grass raking part; 111 is a tooth raking group; 1111 is a fixing piece; 1112 a plurality of tines; 112 is a tooth-raking shaft; 12 is a through hole; and 13 is a rectangular groove.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "length", "horizontal", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

Referring to the attached drawings 1-4, the embodiment of the invention discloses a double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine, which comprises:

support body

1, 1 top of support body is equipped with first gearbox 5 and second gearbox 6, and first gearbox 5 and second gearbox 6 pass through universal joint 4 and connect.

The first crushing part 2 is arranged inside the frame body 1 and is in transmission connection with the first gearbox 5.

Specifically, the first crushing part 2 comprises a first belt pulley combination 21, a first moving shaft 22, a first moving blade 23 and a fixed blade 24, the first belt pulley combination 21 is fixed on the frame body 1, the first belt pulley combination 21 is respectively in transmission connection with a first gearbox 5 and the first moving shaft 22 through a belt, two ends of the first moving shaft 22 are rotatably connected with the frame body 1, the first moving shaft 22 is provided with a plurality of first knife bases 7, the first knife bases 7 are alternately arranged on the first moving shaft 22 at intervals, and the arrangement of the plurality of first blade holders 7 in the length direction of the first moving shaft 22 is symmetrically provided about the center line of the first moving shaft 22, wherein, a plurality of first moving blades 23 are arranged, the plurality of first moving blades 23 are correspondingly arranged on the first blade base 7 one by one, the first moving blades 23 are symmetrically arranged on the first moving shaft 22, so that the first moving shaft 22 is stressed uniformly and stably in work, and the power consumption is low. The fixed knives 24 are arranged in a plurality of numbers, the fixed knives 24 are arranged on the inner side of the frame body 1 at intervals, the direction of the fixed knives is parallel to the first movable shaft 22, the first movable knife 23 comprises two flail knives 231 and two flail blades 232, the two flail knives 231 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the flail blades 232, the flail blades 232 are fixedly clamped between the flail knives 231 by the two flail knives 231, a gap is reserved between the flail blades 232 and the fixed knives 24, a gap is reserved between the two flail blades 232 and the fixed knives 24, and when the first movable shaft 22 rotates, the knife heads of the flail knives 231 are driven to pass through the gap of the fixed knives 24.

The second crushing portion 3 is also arranged inside the frame body 1 and is in transmission connection with the second gearbox 6, and the second crushing portion 3 and the first crushing portion 2 are arranged at intervals.

Specifically, the second crushing portion 3 includes a second pulley assembly 31, a second movable shaft 32, a second movable blade 33, a third movable shaft 34 and a third movable blade 35, the second pulley assembly 31 is fixed on the frame body 1, the second pulley assembly 31 is connected with the second gearbox 6 through a belt transmission, the second gearbox 6 is connected with the third movable shaft 34 through a belt transmission, the second movable shaft 32 is parallel to the third movable shaft 34, both ends of the second movable shaft 32 and both ends of the third movable shaft 34 are rotatably connected with the frame body 1, the second movable shaft 32 is provided with a plurality of second blade seats 8, the plurality of second blade seats 8 are spirally wound on the second movable shaft 32 at intervals, the second movable blade 33 is provided with a plurality of second movable blades 33, the plurality of second movable blades 33 are arranged on the plurality of second blade seats 8 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the third movable blade 34 is provided with a plurality of third blade seats 9 at intervals, the third movable blade 35 is provided with a plurality of, the third moving blades 35 are correspondingly arranged on the third knife blocks 9, wherein the second moving blade 33 and the third moving blade 35 are both sawtooth blades, and the second moving blade 33 is driven to pass through the space between the third moving blades 35 when the second moving shaft 32 rotates.

Specifically, two long holes 10 are oppositely arranged on two sides of the frame body 1, two ends of the third moving shaft 34 respectively penetrate through the long holes 10 and are connected with the frame body 1, and the long holes 10 are used for adjusting the distance between the third moving shaft 34 and the second moving shaft 32, so as to adjust the distance between the second moving blade 33 and the third moving blade 35, and further adjust the length of the crushed straw.

Specifically, the utility model further comprises a rake part 11, the rake part 11 is arranged at the feed inlet at the bottom of the frame body 1, the rake part 11 comprises a rake tooth group 111 and a rake tooth shaft 112, the rake tooth shaft 112 is parallel to the second moving shaft 32 and is connected with the frame body 1 at two ends, the rake tooth group 111 is provided in plurality, the rake tooth shaft 112 is provided with a plurality of through holes 12 for installing the rake tooth group 111 along the axial direction of the rake tooth shaft 112, the rake tooth group 111 is installed by selecting different through holes 12, the distance between adjacent rake tooth groups 111 can be changed, the distance between the rake tooth groups 111 can be properly adjusted according to the distance of the furrows, so that the rake tooth group 111 is in a furrow, wherein, the rake tooth group 111 comprises a fixing part 1111 and a plurality of rake teeth 1112, the plurality of rake teeth 1112 are arranged at intervals, the rake teeth 1112 are arc-shaped structures, one ends of the plurality of rake teeth 1112 are fixedly connected with the fixing part 1111, and the other end of the rake teeth is formed in the embodiment, the mounting 1111 is the steel pipe, and a plurality of tooth 1112 of hugging are fixed on the steel pipe through the welded mode, and the steel pipe is gone up corresponding a plurality of through-holes of having seted up, and the steel pipe passes through round pin axle or bolt fixed connection with the hole 12 of wearing to establish on the tooth axle 112.

Specifically, two rectangular grooves 13 are oppositely arranged on the frame body 1, two ends of a tooth-raking shaft 112 penetrate through the two rectangular grooves 13 respectively to be connected with the frame body 1, the tooth-raking shaft 112 can be installed at any height of the rectangular grooves 13 according to requirements, so that the distance between the tooth-raking 1112 and a furrow can be adjusted, the tooth-raking 1112 is obliquely arranged, the arc-shaped tooth-raking 1112 forms a concave part, in the embodiment, the tooth end of the tooth-raking 1112 is inclined towards the direction opposite to the advancing direction, the concave part faces the advancing direction of the double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine, two ends of the tooth-raking shaft 112 penetrate through the two rectangular grooves 13 respectively to be rotatably connected with the frame body 1, when the straws in the concave part are accumulated to a certain degree to cause the feed inlet at the bottom of the frame body 1 to be blocked, at the moment, the tooth-raking shaft 112 rotates, and the; in other embodiments, the tooth end of the tooth 1112 inclines to the advancing direction of the double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine, the direction of the concave part is opposite to the advancing direction of the double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine, two ends of the tooth shaft 112 penetrate through the two rectangular grooves 13 and the support body 1 respectively, and in the working process, straws are gradually stacked from the convex part of the arc-shaped tooth 1112 and enter the interior of the support body 1 from the feeding hole to be crushed.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: this biax maize straw smashes still field machine articulates the back with the tractor, tractor power output shaft passes through the universal joint and passes to the first gearbox of machines with power, first gearbox passes through the universal joint and passes to power to the second gearbox, first gearbox and second gearbox are respectively through belt transmission with power transmission to first moving axis and third moving axis, the third moving axis passes through the belt and makes first moving axis, second moving axis and third moving axis rotary work with power transmission to second moving axis, thereby the realization is to the smashing of maize straw.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine is characterized by comprising:

the transmission device comprises a frame body (1), wherein a first transmission case (5) and a second transmission case (6) which are connected through a universal joint (4) are arranged on the frame body (1);

the first crushing part (2) is arranged in the frame body (1) and is in transmission connection with the first gearbox (5);

second crushing portion (3), second crushing portion (3) are also located support body (1) inside and with second gearbox (6) transmission is connected, second crushing portion (3) with first crushing portion (2) interval sets up.

2. The double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first crushing part (2) comprises a first belt pulley assembly (21), a first movable shaft (22), a first movable cutter (23) and a fixed cutter (24), the first belt pulley assembly (21) is in transmission connection with the first gearbox (5) and the first movable shaft (22) respectively, two ends of the first movable shaft (22) are rotatably connected with the frame body (1), the first movable shaft (22) is provided with a plurality of first cutter seats (7), the first cutter seats (7) are arranged on the first movable shaft (22) in a staggered mode at intervals, the first movable cutter (23) is arranged on the first cutter seats (7) respectively, the fixed cutter (24) is provided with a plurality of fixed cutters (24), the fixed cutters (24) are arranged on the inner side of the frame body (1) at intervals, and the first movable shaft (22) drives the first movable cutter (23) to move from the fixed cutter (24) at intervals when rotating And (4) internally passing.

3. The double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first movable cutter (23) comprises two flail cutters (231) and two flail blades (232), the two flail cutters (231) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the flail blade (232), a gap is reserved between the flail blade (232) and the fixed cutter (24), and when the first movable shaft (22) rotates, the cutter head of the flail cutter (231) passes through the gap of the fixed cutter (24).

4. The double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine according to claim 1, wherein the second crushing part (3) comprises a second belt pulley combination (31), a second movable shaft (32), a second movable blade (33), a third movable shaft (34) and a third movable blade (35), the second belt pulley combination (31) is in transmission connection with the second gearbox (6) and the third movable shaft (34) respectively, the second movable shaft (32) is in transmission connection with the third movable shaft (34), both ends of the second movable shaft (32) and the third movable shaft (34) are rotatably connected with the frame body (1), the second movable shaft (32) is provided with a plurality of second blade seats (8), the second blade seats (8) are spirally wound on the second movable shaft (32) at intervals, and the second movable blade (33) is arranged on each of the second blade seats (8), the third moving shaft (34) is parallel to the second moving shaft (32), a plurality of third tool holders (9) are arranged on the third moving shaft (34) at intervals, third moving blades (35) are respectively arranged on the plurality of third tool holders (9), and the second moving blade (33) is driven to pass through the third moving blades (35) at intervals when the second moving shaft (32) rotates.

5. The double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine as claimed in claim 4, wherein two elongated holes (10) are oppositely arranged at two sides of the frame body (1), two ends of the third moving shaft (34) respectively penetrate through the elongated holes (10) and are connected with the frame body (1), and the elongated holes (10) are used for adjusting the distance between the third moving shaft (34) and the second moving shaft (32).

6. The double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second movable knife (33) and the third movable knife (35) are both serrated knives.

7. The double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine according to claim 5, further comprising a raking part (11), wherein the raking part (11) comprises a raking tooth group (111) and a raking tooth shaft (112), the raking tooth group (111) is provided with a plurality of teeth, a plurality of through holes (12) for installing the raking tooth group (111) are formed in the raking tooth shaft (112) along the axial direction of the raking tooth shaft (112), the plurality of through holes (12) can adjust the distance between the plurality of raking tooth groups (111), and the raking tooth shaft (112) is parallel to the second movable shaft (32) and two ends of the raking tooth shaft are connected with the frame body (1).

8. The double-shaft corn straw crushing and returning machine as claimed in claim 7, wherein two rectangular grooves (13) are oppositely arranged on the frame body (1), and two ends of the tooth-raking shaft (112) respectively penetrate through the two rectangular grooves (13) to be connected with the frame body (1).

9. The double-shaft corn stalk crushing and returning machine as claimed in claim 8, wherein the tooth raking group (111) comprises a fixing part (1111) and a plurality of tooth rakes (1112), the tooth rakes (1112) are arranged at intervals, one end of each tooth rakes is fixedly connected with the fixing part (1111), the other end of each tooth rakes forms a trough shape, and the fixing part (1111) is fixedly connected with the through hole (12) on the tooth raking shaft (112) through a pin shaft or a bolt.

10. The double-shaft corn stalk crushing and returning machine as claimed in claim 9, wherein the raking teeth (1112) are arc-shaped structures.