CN111837328B - Linear piezoelectric motor with longer stroke - Google Patents

Linear piezoelectric motor with longer stroke Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111837328B
CN111837328B CN201980017878.7A CN201980017878A CN111837328B CN 111837328 B CN111837328 B CN 111837328B CN 201980017878 A CN201980017878 A CN 201980017878A CN 111837328 B CN111837328 B CN 111837328B
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China
Prior art keywords
passive element
resonator
free ends
arms
piezoelectric motor
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CN201980017878.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111837328A (en
Inventor
P·拉戈热特
P·迈尔
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ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
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ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/02Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
    • H02N2/04Constructional details
    • H02N2/043Mechanical transmission means, e.g. for stroke amplification
    • H02N2/046Mechanical transmission means, e.g. for stroke amplification for conversion into rotary motion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/0005Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing non-specific motion; Details common to machines covered by H02N2/02 - H02N2/16
    • H02N2/001Driving devices, e.g. vibrators
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00Gearwork
    • G04B13/02Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04CELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/08Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a mechanical oscillator other than a pendulum or balance, e.g. by a tuning fork, e.g. electrostatically
    • G04C3/12Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a mechanical oscillator other than a pendulum or balance, e.g. by a tuning fork, e.g. electrostatically driven by piezoelectric means; driven by magneto-strictive means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/02Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
    • H02N2/026Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors by pressing one or more vibrators against the driven body

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a linear piezoelectric motor, comprising: -a passive element (20) having an elongated shape, and-a piezoelectric actuator comprising a resonator (30), the resonator (30) comprising a pair of arms (31, 32) with one end interconnected at a connection zone (33), and with the other ends (310, 320) being referred to as free ends, the passive element (20) being designed to be linearly displaced by friction of the free ends (310, 320) with the passive element (20), wherein the passive element (20) and the resonator (30) are inclined with respect to each other by a non-zero angle (α) of less than 90 degrees; or each arm (31 ', 32') comprises a main branch (311 ', 321') connected to the free end (310 ', 320') by a connector region (312 ', 322'), the connector region (312 ', 322') being arranged such that the free end (310 ', 320') is at a different level than the main branch (311 ', 321').

Description

Linear piezoelectric motor with longer stroke
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of linear piezoelectric motors.
Background
The linear piezoelectric motor generally includes a passive element (PASSIVE ELEMENT) and an actuator that allows the passive element to be moved linearly by utilizing the piezoelectric effect. Referring to fig. 1, such a linear piezoelectric motor 10 is particularly known: wherein the passive element is an elongated element 20, for example a rod with a rectangular cross-section, and the piezoelectric actuator comprises a resonator 30 formed by a pair of arms 31, 32 connected to each other at a connection zone 33, substantially in the shape of a tuning fork or U. The actuator further comprises two piezoelectric elements (not shown), each attached to one of the arms 31, 32 and serving as means for exciting these arms to apply vibrations thereto. Furthermore, the passive element 20 extends in a substantially parallel manner between the arms 31, 32 of the resonator 30, the axial guidance of which is ensured by the guide means 50 located at a distance from the resonator. The passive element 20 is also in partial contact with the free ends 310, 320 of the arms 31, 32 of the resonator 30, so that the passive element 20 is moved axially by friction of the free ends 310, 320 of the arms 31, 32 over the contact area. Thus, the passive element 20 moves between the free ends 310, 320.
In applications where it is important to reduce the volume of the piezoelectric motor, in particular in the horology field, the arms 31, 32 of the resonator 30 must have a short length, which limits the maximum linear travel of the passive element 20. The axial translation of the passive element 20 in the direction of the connection zone 33 is limited by the presence of said connection zone 33 acting as a stop, and the axial movement of the passive element 20 in the other direction is limited by the length of the arms 31, 32. Such limited travel may be problematic in some circumstances, particularly if the passive element 20 is engaged with the wheel 60, such as by a restraint system (TRAMMEL SYSTEM) 70, because the rotation of the wheel 60 is thus limited. For example, if the stroke of the passive element 20 is limited to about 1 millimeter, the diameter of the wheel 60 must be at most about 0.3 millimeter in order for the wheel 60 to be able to perform a complete rotation during the stroke. This size is too small to be technically feasible.
In order for the pinion to be technically feasible, a linear travel of at least 3 mm of the passive element is necessary: in the case of this stroke, the diameter of the pinion must be about 1 mm to perform one complete revolution.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to increase the maximum linear travel of the passive element.
To this end, according to a first aspect, the invention relates to a linear piezoelectric motor comprising:
a passive element having an elongated shape,
A piezoelectric actuator comprising a resonator comprising a pair of arms, one of the arms being connected at a connection zone and the other two ends being called free ends,
The passive element and resonator are tilted with respect to each other by a non-zero angle of less than 90 degrees, the passive element being capable of being moved linearly between the free ends by friction of the free ends with the passive element.
By tilting the passive element relative to the resonator, it is avoided that the axial movement of the passive element is blocked by the connection between the arms. Naturally, the tilt angle must be large enough to avoid blocking the passive element by the crossing areas of the arms of the resonator.
In a preferred embodiment, the angle of inclination is between 5 degrees and 25 degrees.
A smaller tilt angle is preferred because the larger the angle, the smaller the total volume and the greater the performance loss at the interface between the passive element and the resonator.
According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a linear piezoelectric motor comprising:
a passive element having an elongated shape,
A piezoelectric actuator comprising a resonator comprising a pair of arms, one of which is connected at a connection zone and the other two ends are called free ends, said passive element being capable of being moved linearly between said free ends by friction of said free ends with said passive element,
Each arm comprises a main branch connected to the free end by a connector region arranged such that the free end is at a different level than the level of the main branch.
Thus, the resonator is mainly on two levels: at the first level is the main branch, at the second level is the free end, and the connector area is used to connect the two levels. The passive element is thus raised with respect to the main branch, thereby reducing or even eliminating (according to the inclination imparted to the passive element) the risk of the passive element being blocked on the connection region of the arm.
In one embodiment, the passive element extends substantially parallel to the main branch.
This embodiment is advantageous with respect to the first aspect of the invention in that: since there is no tilt between the free end and the passive element, the performance loss at the interface between the passive element and the resonator is low.
The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising a piezoelectric motor as described in detail above.
In one non-limiting embodiment, the timepiece includes a pinion that meshes with the teeth of the passive element, the pinion being constrained to rotate with the hands of the timepiece.
Drawings
Other features and advantages will become apparent from the description given below, with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are given by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, and in which:
Fig. 1 has been described, which schematically shows a linear piezoelectric motor according to the prior art,
Figure 2 schematically shows a linear piezoelectric motor according to a first embodiment of the invention,
Figure 3 schematically shows a linear piezoelectric motor according to a second embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 4 schematically shows a piezoelectric actuator of the piezoelectric motor of fig. 3.
Detailed Description
Fig. 2 shows a device 100 for rotating a wheel 60, comprising a piezoelectric motor according to a first embodiment of the invention, and fig. 3 shows a device 101 for rotating the wheel 60, the device 101 comprising a piezoelectric motor according to a second embodiment of the invention. In both cases, the piezoelectric motor includes a passive element 20 having an elongated shape and a piezoelectric actuator that allows the passive element 20 to translate (that is, move linearly/axially) by utilizing the piezoelectric effect. It should be noted that the passive element 20 is shown in fig. 2 and 3 as being cylindrical, but it may well have another profile (e.g. rectangular). The rotation means 100, 101 further comprise means 50 for axially guiding the passive element 20, allowing to maintain the orientation of the passive element 20 during translation of the passive element 20. The guide 50 is arranged at a distance from the piezoelectric actuator. These guides 50 are rails, for example. Further, the rotating means 100, 101 comprise a tooth 70 provided at one end of the passive element 20 and meshing with the tooth of the wheel 60. When the passive element 20 translates in the first direction of motion T1, rotation of the wheel 60 in the first direction of rotation R1 may be achieved by the teeth 70. When the passive element 20 translates in a second direction of movement T2 opposite to the first direction of movement T1, rotation of the wheel 60 in a second direction of rotation R2 opposite to the first direction of rotation R1 can be achieved by the teeth 70.
In a first embodiment shown in fig. 2, the piezoelectric actuator comprises a piezoelectric excitation device (not shown) and a resonator 30, the resonator 30 comprising two arms 31, 32 capable of oscillating. The excitation means advantageously comprise two parts, each attached to a different arm. However, other embodiments of the excitation means are also possible, which may for example consist of a single component arranged at the junction between the arms. During the application of the adapted voltage to the excitation means, the excitation means is deformed and mechanical stresses are transferred to the arms 31, 32, whereby the arms 31, 32 start to oscillate. By appropriate design and mounting of the excitation means on the arm, a multidimensional oscillation with a desired shape can be achieved.
The arms 31, 32 are connected at a connection region 33 and extend from said connection region 33 substantially parallel to each other. Accordingly, the resonator 30 has substantially the shape of a tuning fork, that is, a U-shape. However, this shape is not limiting. The ends of the arms that are not connected at the connection zone 33 are referred to as free ends 310, 320. The amplitude of oscillation of the arms 31, 32 is greatest at these ends 310, 320. The passive element 20 passes between the free ends 310, 320 of the arms 31, 32. Thus, the multidimensional oscillation of the free ends 310, 320 of the arms 31, 32 allows to apply an axial translation to the passive element 20, through the friction of said ends 310, 320 against the passive element 20. Thus, the passive element 20 can be moved linearly between the free ends 310, 320.
However, the passive elements do not extend parallel to the arms 31, 32. The axis of the passive element 20 extends at a non-zero tilt angle alpha of less than 90 degrees with respect to a plane including the axes of the arms 31, 32. The larger the angle, the larger the volume of the piezoelectric motor and the greater the performance loss at the resonator/passive element interface. Therefore, it is important to limit the inclination angle α. However, the inclination angle α must be sufficiently large, that is to say the resonator 30 must be sufficiently inclined with respect to the passive element 20, so that the travel of the passive element 20 is not hindered by the connection region 33.
In a second embodiment shown in fig. 3, the piezoelectric actuator includes a resonator 30' having a shape different from that of the resonator 30 of the first embodiment. The resonator 30' comprises two arms 31', 32'. The arms 31', 32' are connected at a connection zone 33 '. Each arm 31', 32' comprises a main branch 311', 321', a free end 310', 320', and a connector area 312', 322' allowing to connect the main branch 311', 321' with the free end 310', 320'.
The main branches 311', 321' extend from said connection zone 33' substantially parallel to each other. The connection zone 33 'and the two main branches 311', 321 'are on the same level, that is to say the axis of the connection zone 33' and the axis of the two main branches 311', 321' are contained in the same plane.
Instead, the free ends 310', 320' extend at a different level and the plane containing the axis of the free ends 310', 320' is parallel to the plane of the main branches 311', 321' mentioned in the previous paragraph. In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the connector regions 312', 322' each include a portion that extends orthogonal to the main branches 311', 321' such that the free ends 310', 320' are at a different level than the main branches 311', 321'. However, the connector regions 312', 322' may in fact have other shapes, it is important that the resonator comprises two levels.
For the free ends 310', 320', one extends in the direction of the other and faces each other, and the passive element 20 passes between said free ends 310', 320' parallel to the main branches 311', 321'. The piezoelectric actuator comprises piezoelectric excitation means, not shown. The excitation means advantageously consist of two parts, each attached to one of the free ends 310', 320'. During application of the adapting voltage to the excitation device, the excitation device is deformed and mechanical stresses are transferred to the free ends 310', 320' so that the free ends start to oscillate. By appropriate design and mounting of the excitation means on the arm, a multidimensional oscillation with a desired shape can be achieved. The multidimensional oscillation of the free ends 310', 320' of the arms 31', 32' allows to exert an axial translation on the passive element 20 by friction of said ends 310', 320' against the passive element 20. Thus, the passive element 20 can be moved linearly between the free ends 310', 320'.
Such a resonator with two levels can avoid that the travel of the passive element 20 is hindered by the connection region 33. It should be noted that in the second embodiment, the passive element 20 does not have to extend parallel to the main branches 311', 321', it may be slightly inclined with respect to a plane containing the axes of the main branches 311', 321'. However, the performance at the resonator/passive element interface will therefore be low. Furthermore, if the inclination is too large, the passive element 20 may be blocked in the connection region 33'.
It should be noted that one advantage of the second embodiment over the first embodiment is that the performance loss at the resonator/passive element interface is small, since the free end is not tilted with respect to the passive element. However, the resonator of the first embodiment is simpler to manufacture than the resonator of the second embodiment.
The rotation device 100, 101 according to one of the embodiments of the invention can be absolutely integrated into a timepiece of the wristwatch type, in particular a timepiece comprising a pointer 40 coaxial with the wheel 60 and constrained to rotate with the wheel 60. However, the rotating device according to one of the embodiments of the present invention may be used not for driving the hands but for driving a disk (e.g., a date disk or a moon disk), a wheel, or a ring to rotate.
It will be appreciated that the invention also relates to a method for actuating a pointer (or disk, wheel, ring, etc.) of a timepiece as described in the preceding paragraph, comprising the steps of:
Translating the passive element of the piezoelectric motor in a first direction, causing a complete rotation of the pinion and thus of the pointer,
Translating the passive element in a second direction opposite to the first direction at a speed sufficiently fast that the movement of the passive element is not detected by the eye.
It will be appreciated that various modifications and/or improvements and/or combinations obvious to those skilled in the art may be provided for the various embodiments of the invention disclosed above without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A linear piezoelectric motor, comprising:
a passive element (20) having an elongated shape,
A piezoelectric actuator comprising a resonator (30), the resonator (30) comprising a pair of arms (31, 32) with one end connected at a connection zone (33) and the other two ends (310, 320), called free ends, the passive element (20) being capable of being moved linearly between the free ends (310, 320) by friction of the free ends (310, 320) with the passive element (20),
The resonator (30) is tilted as a whole by a non-zero angle (alpha) of less than 90 degrees with respect to the passive element (20) so that the axial translation of the passive element (20) is not limited by the connection region (33),
Wherein the angle of inclination is between 5 degrees and 25 degrees.
2. A linear piezoelectric motor, comprising:
a passive element (20) having an elongated shape,
A piezoelectric actuator comprising a resonator (30 '), said resonator (30 ') comprising a pair of arms (31 ', 32 ') connected at one end thereof at a connection zone (33 '), the other two ends (310 ', 320 ') being called free ends, said passive element (20) being capable of being moved linearly between said free ends (310 ', 320 ') by friction of said free ends (310 ', 320 ') with said passive element (20),
Each arm (31 ', 32') comprising a main branch (311 '; 321') connected to a free end (310 ', 320') by a connector region (312 ', 322'), the connector regions (312 ', 322') being arranged such that the free ends (310 ', 320') are at a different level than the main branches (311 ', 321'),
Wherein the passive element (20) extends substantially parallel to the main branches (311 ', 321').
3. Timepiece comprising a piezoelectric motor (10) according to one of the preceding claims.
4. Timepiece according to the preceding claim, wherein the timepiece comprises a pinion meshing with a tooth of the passive element, the pinion being constrained to rotate with a pointer of the timepiece.
CN201980017878.7A 2018-03-09 2019-02-14 Linear piezoelectric motor with longer stroke Active CN111837328B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18160982.7 2018-03-09
EP18160982.7A EP3537595A1 (en) 2018-03-09 2018-03-09 Long-stroke linear piezoelectric motor
PCT/EP2019/053706 WO2019170385A1 (en) 2018-03-09 2019-02-14 Linear piezoelectric motor with longer stroke

Publications (2)

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CN111837328A CN111837328A (en) 2020-10-27
CN111837328B true CN111837328B (en) 2024-05-03

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US (1) US11581826B2 (en)
EP (2) EP3537595A1 (en)
JP (1) JP7397796B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102559146B1 (en)
CN (1) CN111837328B (en)
WO (1) WO2019170385A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP7397796B2 (en) 2023-12-13
US11581826B2 (en) 2023-02-14
WO2019170385A1 (en) 2019-09-12
CN111837328A (en) 2020-10-27
EP3763030A1 (en) 2021-01-13
US20210058009A1 (en) 2021-02-25
EP3537595A1 (en) 2019-09-11
KR20200111260A (en) 2020-09-28
KR102559146B1 (en) 2023-07-24
JP2021513829A (en) 2021-05-27

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