CN111835007B - Charging device and charging control method - Google Patents

Charging device and charging control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111835007B
CN111835007B CN201911360833.8A CN201911360833A CN111835007B CN 111835007 B CN111835007 B CN 111835007B CN 201911360833 A CN201911360833 A CN 201911360833A CN 111835007 B CN111835007 B CN 111835007B
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current
charging
power
transformer
compensation
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CN111835007A (en
Inventor
言超
吴洪洋
孙丽萍
陆益文
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Delta Electronics Shanghai Co Ltd
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Delta Electronics Shanghai Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1892—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks the arrangements being an integral part of the load, e.g. a motor, or of its control circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a charging device and a charging control method, wherein the device comprises: the device comprises a transformer, a charger, an energy regulator and a controller; the primary winding of the transformer is connected with a power distribution network, and the power distribution network provides first input power for the charging device; the secondary winding of the transformer is respectively connected with the alternating current side of the charger and the alternating current side of the energy regulator; the power required by the alternating current side of the charger is second input power; the controller is connected with the energy regulator and compensates the power difference between the second input power and the first input power by controlling the alternating current side current of the energy regulator. The charging device can simultaneously ensure the network access quality, reduce the load of a public power grid and ensure the stable and efficient operation of high-power charging equipment on the basis of reducing the hardware cost and the space cost as much as possible.

Description

Charging device and charging control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, in particular to a charging device and a charging control method.
Background
With the environmental issues highlighted, a policy for supporting the development of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is specified and established in various countries around the world, and the matched electric vehicle charging system is continuously improved. In both a direct current charging system and an alternating current charging system, the input side of the charging system is connected to a power grid, and in consideration of the quality of the power grid, the input side of the charging system needs to ensure a high power factor and a low harmonic content. For the application of high-power quick charging, a direct current charging system is often adopted.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging system in the prior art. As shown in fig. 1, the charging system includes a transformer, a plurality of Power modules, and a Power Distribution Unit (PDU), where a Power Factor Correction (PFC) link is provided at a front stage of each Power module. An independent power factor correction link is added in each power module, so that the charging system can have better power factors and smaller harmonic waves when working under different loads, but the cost, the volume and the weight are increased, and meanwhile, the whole charging efficiency is influenced by the power factor correction link. Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power module in the charging system shown in fig. 1, which has a PFC link, is complex in circuit control, needs a full-control device, and is high in cost.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another charging system in the prior art. As shown in fig. 3, the charging system includes a transformer, a charging module, and an active filter. And the active filter is connected with the charging module in parallel and is used for carrying out harmonic compensation on the network access current of the system. Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a charging module in the charging system shown in fig. 3, as shown in fig. 4, the charging module is not provided with a PFC link. The active filter is added to improve the power factor and reduce harmonic waves, so that the charging system is suitable for a plurality of parallel high-power systems, the cost and the volume of a single charging module can be effectively reduced, and the power density of the charging system is improved. However, for a small-power charging system with a small number of parallel-connected active filter modules, the size and cost of the whole charging system are increased by the additional active filter modules.
There is also a conventional solution in which an energy storage unit is added in a charging system, but in the solution, the energy storage unit only provides active power to share load with a power grid, and does not perform power factor correction and harmonic compensation functions on the entire charging system. And the charging system is a distributed structure, and each charging circuit must be added with a detection circuit at one input side, so that the hardware cost is increased.
In order to solve the limitation of the existing scheme, the scheme provides a charging and storage integrated solution, and on the basis of reducing hardware cost and space cost as much as possible, a charging system is enabled to output high power, the network access quality is guaranteed, the load of a public power grid is reduced, and stable and efficient operation of high-power charging equipment is guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a charging device and a charging control method, which realize high-power output of a charging system on the basis of reducing hardware cost and space cost as much as possible, ensure network access quality, reduce load of a public power grid and ensure stable and efficient operation of high-power charging equipment.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a charging device comprising: a transformer, a charger and an energy regulator; the primary winding of the transformer is connected with a power distribution network, and the power distribution network provides first input power for the charging device; the secondary winding of the transformer is respectively connected with the alternating current side of the charger and the alternating current side of the energy regulator; the power required by the alternating current side of the charger is second input power; the alternating current side current of the energy regulator is controlled to compensate the power difference between the second input power and the first input power.
Optionally, the power difference comprises a harmonic component and a reactive component.
Optionally, the charging device further comprises a controller, the controller comprising: the sampling unit is used for respectively collecting the alternating current side current of the energy regulator and the primary side input current of the transformer so as to calculate the total charging current; the command generation unit extracts harmonic current and reactive current in the total charging current, the harmonic current is taken back as a harmonic compensation command, the reactive current is taken back as a reactive compensation command, and the harmonic compensation command and the reactive compensation command are superposed to generate a compensation command; and the current control unit controls the alternating current side current of the energy regulator according to the compensation command so as to enable the alternating current side current to track the compensation command, so that harmonic component compensation and reactive component compensation are realized.
Optionally, the dc side of the energy conditioner is connected to an energy storage element, and the power difference comprises a real component, a harmonic component, and a reactive component.
Optionally, the charging device further comprises a controller, the controller comprising: the sampling unit is used for respectively acquiring alternating current of the energy regulator and primary side input current of the transformer so as to calculate total charging current; the energy management unit is used for acquiring the capacity of the power distribution network, the charging power of the charger and the charge state of the energy storage element, obtaining an active power adjusting instruction according to the capacity, the charging power and the charge state of the power distribution network, and calculating to obtain an active current instruction; the command generation unit is used for extracting harmonic current and reactive current in the total charging current, inverting the harmonic current to be used as a harmonic compensation command, inverting the reactive current to be used as a reactive compensation command, and superposing the harmonic compensation command, the reactive compensation command and the active current command to generate a compensation command; and the current control unit controls the alternating current side current of the energy regulator according to the compensation command so as to enable the alternating current side current to track the compensation command, so that active component compensation, harmonic component compensation and reactive component compensation are realized.
Optionally, if the capacity of the power distribution network is less than the charging power and the state of charge is greater than the lower limit value, the energy storage element discharges.
Optionally, if the capacity of the power distribution network is greater than the charging power and the state of charge is less than the upper limit value, the energy storage element is charged.
Optionally, the controller is a main controller of the charging device, or the controller is disposed inside the energy conditioner and is a local controller of the energy conditioner.
Optionally, the transformer is a phase shifting transformer; the charger comprises N charging units, and the phase-shifting transformer is provided with 2N +1 groups of secondary windings; wherein, a group of secondary windings of the phase-shifting transformer are connected with the alternating current side of the energy regulator; for each charging unit, the ac side of the charging unit is connected to two sets of secondary windings of the phase-shifting transformer.
Optionally, the transformer is a multi-winding transformer; the charger comprises N charging units, and the multi-winding transformer is provided with N +1 groups of secondary windings; wherein, a group of secondary windings of the multi-winding transformer are connected with the AC side of the energy regulator; for each charging unit, the ac side of the charging unit is connected to a set of secondary windings of a multi-winding transformer.
Optionally, two sets of secondary windings connected to the same charging unit are connected in different winding manners.
Optionally, the transformer comprises a set of secondary windings, the secondary windings are respectively connected with the ac side of the charger and the ac side of the energy regulator, and the converter in the charger is an isolated converter.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a charging control method, based on a charging device, the charging device including: the system comprises a transformer, a charger and an energy regulator, wherein a primary winding of the transformer is connected with a power distribution network; the secondary winding of the transformer is respectively connected with the alternating current side of the charger and the alternating current side of the energy regulator; the method comprises the following steps: the power distribution network provides first input power for the charging device; the power required by the alternating current side of the charger is second input power; the AC side current of the energy regulator is controlled to compensate for the power difference between the second input power and the first input power.
Optionally, the power difference comprises a harmonic component and a reactive component.
Optionally, the charging device further comprises a controller, the controller performing the steps of: respectively collecting alternating current of an energy regulator and primary side input current of a transformer to calculate total charging current; extracting harmonic current and reactive current in the total charging current, taking the harmonic current as a harmonic compensation instruction, taking the reactive current as a reactive compensation instruction, and overlapping the harmonic compensation instruction and the reactive compensation instruction to generate a compensation instruction; and controlling the alternating current side current of the energy regulator according to the compensation command to track the compensation command so as to compensate the power difference between the second input power and the first input power.
Optionally, the charging device further includes an energy storage element, and the dc side of the energy regulator is connected to the energy storage element; the power differential contains a real component, a harmonic component, and a reactive component.
Optionally, the charging device further comprises a controller, the controller performing the steps of: respectively collecting alternating current of an energy regulator and primary side input current of a transformer to calculate total charging current; acquiring the capacity of a power distribution network, the charging power of a charger and the charge state of an energy storage element, acquiring an active power regulation instruction according to the capacity, the charging power and the charge state of the power distribution network, and calculating to acquire an active current instruction; extracting harmonic current and reactive current in total charging current, taking the harmonic current as a harmonic compensation instruction, taking the reactive current as a reactive compensation instruction, and overlapping the harmonic compensation instruction, the reactive compensation instruction and the active current instruction to generate a compensation instruction; and controlling the alternating-current side current of the energy regulator according to the compensation command so as to enable the alternating-current side current to track the compensation command to compensate the power difference between the second input power and the first input power.
Optionally, if the capacity of the power distribution network is less than the charging power and the state of charge is greater than the lower limit value, the energy storage element discharges.
Optionally, if the capacity of the power distribution network is greater than the charging power and the state of charge is less than the upper limit value, the energy storage element is charged.
Optionally, the controller is a main controller of the charging device, or the controller is disposed inside the energy conditioner and is a local controller of the energy conditioner.
The invention provides a charging device and a charging control method, wherein in the charging device, an energy regulator is connected with a secondary winding of a transformer, and the alternating current side current of the energy regulator is controlled by a controller to compensate for the power difference between the second input power and the first input power.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging system in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power cell in the charging system of fig. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another prior art charging system;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a charging module in the charging system shown in fig. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a charging device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a charging device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a control schematic diagram of a controller in the charging device according to the embodiment of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a charging device according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a control schematic diagram of a controller in the charging device according to the embodiment shown in fig. 8;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a charging device according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a charging device according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a charging device according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a charging device according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a method flow diagram illustrating a charge control method in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a method flowchart illustrating a charge control method in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a method flowchart illustrating a charge control method according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a charging device and a charging control method, which realize that a charging system outputs high power on the basis of reducing hardware cost and space cost as much as possible, ensure the network access quality, reduce the load of a public power grid and ensure the stable and efficient operation of high-power charging equipment. The invention provides a charging and storage integrated scheme, an energy storage unit is added in a charging device to expand the capacity of a power grid, and the energy storage unit can perform power factor correction and harmonic compensation on the whole charging device. The charging device comprises a transformer, a charger and an energy storage unit. And a secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the alternating current side of the charger, the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the alternating current side of the energy storage unit, and a primary winding of the transformer is connected with the power distribution network. The direct current side of the charger is connected with the charging equipment. The energy storage unit can only comprise an energy regulator, compensates harmonic components and reactive components in the charging current, and performs power factor correction and harmonic compensation on the charging device. The energy storage unit can comprise an energy regulator and an energy storage element, compensates active components, harmonic components and reactive components in the charging current, expands the power grid, and simultaneously performs power factor correction and harmonic compensation on the charging device. Wherein the energy regulator can be an inverter with various structures.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the charging device 100 provided in this embodiment includes: a transformer 110, a charger 120, an energy conditioner 130, and a controller 140. In this embodiment, the transformer includes a set of primary windings and a set of secondary windings, and the converter in the charger is an isolated converter.
In the charging apparatus 100, the secondary winding of the transformer 110 is connected to the ac terminal of the charger 120, the secondary winding of the transformer 110 is connected to the ac side of the energy conditioner 130, the primary winding of the transformer 130 is used for connecting to the distribution network, the dc side of the charger 120 is used for connecting to the charging equipment, and the output terminal of the controller 140 is connected to the energy conditioner 150.
In the charging apparatus 100, the distribution network provides the charging apparatus 100 with the first input power, the power required by the ac side of the charger 120 is the second input power, and the controller generates the compensation command to control the ac side current of the energy regulator, wherein the ac side current of the energy regulator is used for realizing the compensation of the power difference between the second input power required by the ac side of the charger 120 and the first input power output by the distribution network.
Further, the first input power and the second input power in this embodiment are apparent powers.
In the charging device provided in this embodiment, the current at the ac side of the energy regulator is controlled to compensate for the power difference between the second input power required by the ac side of the charger and the first input power output by the power distribution network.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a charging device 200, and the charging device 200 includes: a transformer 210, a charger 220, an energy conditioner 230, and a controller 240.
In the above-described charging device 200, the controller 240 includes a sampling unit 241, an instruction generating unit 242, and a current control unit 243. The first collecting end of the sampling unit 241 is located on the ac side of the energy regulator, and is used for collecting the ac side current of the energy regulator 230, the second collecting end of the sampling unit 242 is located on the primary side of the transformer, and the second collecting end collects the primary side input current of the transformer, and the primary side input current of the transformer subtracts the ac side current of the energy regulator to obtain the total charging current.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the ac side current of the energy regulator used for calculation refers to converting the actual sampled current to the primary side of the transformer, because converting the sampled ac side current of the energy regulator to the primary side is a known technology, and is not described herein again, and the ac side current of the energy regulator used for calculation is the current converted to the primary side by default.
The input end of the instruction generating unit 242 is connected to the output of the sampling unit 241, the input end of the current control unit 243 is connected to the output end of the instruction generating unit 242, and the instruction generating unit is configured to extract a harmonic current and a reactive current in the total charging current, invert the harmonic current as a harmonic compensation instruction, invert the reactive current as a reactive compensation instruction, and superimpose the harmonic compensation instruction and the reactive compensation instruction to generate a compensation instruction. The current control unit receives the compensation command and controls the alternating current side current of the energy regulator according to the compensation command, so that the current control unit tracks the compensation command to realize power difference compensation between the second input power and the first input power, wherein the power difference compensation comprises harmonic component compensation and reactive component compensation.
Fig. 7 is a control schematic diagram of a controller in the charging device according to the embodiment shown in fig. 6. As shown in FIG. 7, the primary side input current Ig of the transformer is used as one input of the adder, and the AC side current I of the energy regulator PCS As the other input of the adder, which outputs the charging total current ILoad. The harmonic component Iharmonic is obtained by the charging total current ILoad through a harmonic extraction link, and the reactive component Iractive is obtained by the charging total current ILoad through a reactive component extraction link. And the harmonic component Iharmonic is inverted to be used as a harmonic compensation command, and the reactive current Iractive is inverted to be used as a reactive compensation command.
And taking the harmonic compensation command as one path of input of the adder, taking the reactive compensation command as the other path of input of the adder, and outputting the compensation command by the adder.
And after the current instruction IRef is obtained, the alternating current side current of the energy regulator is controlled by using a current loop control link, so that the alternating current side current of the energy regulator tracks the compensation instruction, and the harmonic component compensation and the reactive component compensation are realized.
In the charging device provided in this embodiment, the sampling unit collects the ac side current of the energy regulator, and the primary side input current of the transformer calculates the total charging current, and extracts the harmonic component and the reactive component in the total charging current to obtain the reactive compensation instruction and the harmonic compensation instruction, so as to generate the compensation instruction, thereby implementing the compensation of the harmonic component and the compensation of the reactive component.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the charging device 300 according to the present embodiment includes: transformer 310, charger 320, energy conditioner 330, controller 340, and energy storage element 350.
In the charging apparatus 300, one set of secondary windings of the transformer 310 is connected to the ac terminal of the charger 320, the other set of secondary windings of the transformer 310 is connected to the ac side of the energy regulator 330, the primary winding of the transformer 310 is used for connecting to the distribution network, the dc side of the charger 320 is used for connecting to the charging device, the output terminal of the controller 340 is connected to the energy regulator 330, and the dc side of the energy regulator is connected to the energy storage element.
In the charging apparatus 100, the distribution network provides the charging apparatus 300 with the first input power, the power required by the ac side of the charger 320 is the second input power, and the controller generates the compensation command to control the ac side current of the energy regulator, which is used to compensate the power difference between the second input power required by the ac side of the charger 320 and the first input power output by the distribution network.
Further, the first input power and the second input power in this embodiment are apparent powers.
In the above charging apparatus, the controller includes a sampling unit 341, an energy management unit 342, an instruction generation unit 343, and a current control unit 344. The first collecting end of the sampling unit 341 is located at the ac side of the energy regulator, the first collecting end is used for collecting the ac side current of the energy regulator 330, the second collecting end of the sampling unit 242 is located at the primary side of the transformer, the second collecting end collects the primary side input current of the transformer, and the primary side input current of the transformer subtracts the ac side current of the energy regulator 330 to obtain the total charging current.
It should be noted that when the charger only includes a single charging unit to supply power to a charging device, the second collecting terminal of the controller collects the secondary side output current of the transformer. The secondary side output current of the transformer is reduced by the alternating side current of the energy regulator (without being converted to the primary side) to obtain the total charging current.
The energy management unit 342 is configured to obtain the capacity of the power distribution network, the charging power of the charger, and the state of charge of the energy storage element, obtain an active power adjustment instruction according to the capacity, the charging power, and the state of charge of the power distribution network, and calculate to obtain an active current instruction by using the active power adjustment instruction.
The general application environment determines that the capacity of the power distribution network is fixed and can be directly input into the energy management unit. The energy management unit communicates with the charger or each charging unit in the charger to obtain the charging power of the charger, specifically, the charging unit communicates with a corresponding load or charging equipment (such as an electric vehicle, a charging pile and the like) to obtain the charging requirements of each load, all the charging requirements are added to obtain the charging power, and the charging power is uploaded to the controller. The charging state of the energy storage element is obtained by collecting an electrical signal (such as an output voltage of the energy storage element) at an output end of the energy storage element or communicating with a Battery Management System (BMS) of the energy storage element. Of course, the charging power and the state of charge of the energy storage element can also be obtained by directly sampling the electrical signal, which is not limited herein.
A first input end of the instruction generating unit 343 is connected to an output end of the sampling unit 341, a second input end of the instruction generating unit 343 is connected to an output end of the energy management unit 342, and the instruction generating unit 343 is configured to extract a harmonic current and a reactive current in a total charging current, and to negate the harmonic current as a harmonic compensation instruction, negate the reactive current as a reactive compensation instruction, and to superimpose the harmonic compensation instruction, the reactive compensation instruction, and an active current instruction output by the energy management unit to generate a compensation instruction.
The input end of the current control unit 344 is connected to the output end of the instruction generation unit, and the ac side current of the energy regulator is controlled according to the compensation instruction, so that the ac side current of the energy regulator tracks the compensation instruction, and active component compensation, harmonic component compensation, and reactive component compensation are implemented.
Fig. 9 is a control schematic diagram of a controller of the charging device according to the embodiment shown in fig. 8. As shown in fig. 9, the controller includes a harmonic extraction processing link, a reactive component extraction link, a current loop control link, and a power scheduling layer.
Input current I on the primary side of a transformer g As an input of the adder, the AC side current I of the energy regulator PCS Is taken as the other input of the adder, which outputs the total charging current ILoad. The harmonic component Iharmonic is obtained by the charging total current ILoad through a harmonic extraction link, and the reactive component Iractive is obtained by the charging total current ILoad through a reactive component extraction link. And the harmonic component Iharmmonic is inverted to be used as a harmonic compensation command, and the reactive current Ireactive is inverted to be used as a reactive compensation command.
The charging requirements Ir1, ir2, 8230, irn of a plurality of charging devices are obtained, the charging requirement of each charging device is used as one input of an adder, and the adder outputs the total charging requirement, namely the charging power of the charger. The charging power of the charger, the capacity of the power distribution network and the charge state of the energy storage element are all used as input quantities of the power scheduling layer, the power scheduling layer generates an active power adjusting instruction according to the three input quantities, and the active power adjusting instruction is used for calculating to obtain an active current instruction.
The active current instruction is used as one path of input of the adder, the harmonic compensation instruction is used as one path of input of the adder, the reactive compensation instruction is used as the other path of input of the adder, and the adder outputs the compensation instruction.
And after the compensation command is obtained, controlling the alternating current side current of the energy regulator by using a current loop link, and enabling the alternating current side current of the energy regulator to track the compensation command so as to realize active component compensation, harmonic component compensation and reactive component compensation.
As a specific embodiment, the power scheduling layer obtains the active current instruction according to the charging power of the charger, the capacity of the power distribution network, and the state of charge of the energy storage element in the following manner.
And judging whether the capacity of the power distribution network is smaller than the charging power, and when the capacity of the power distribution network is smaller than the charging power and the charge state of the energy storage element is larger than a lower limit value, taking the difference value between the charging capacity and the capacity of the power distribution network as an active power regulation instruction, and discharging the energy storage element. And when the capacity of the power distribution network is greater than the charging power and the charge state of the energy storage element is less than the upper limit value, the energy storage element is charged. Comparing the difference value between the capacity and the charging capacity of the power distribution network with the capacity of the energy storage unit, and when the difference value between the capacity and the charging capacity of the power distribution network is smaller than the capacity of the energy storage unit, taking the difference value between the capacity and the charging capacity of the power distribution network as an active power regulation instruction; and when the difference value between the capacity of the power distribution network and the charging capacity is larger than the capacity of the energy storage unit, the capacity of the energy storage unit is used as an active power adjusting instruction. Typically the energy storage unit capacity is determined by the capacity of the energy conditioner. The lower limit value and the upper limit value are set according to user requirements. The active power regulation command is divided by the voltage to obtain an active current command.
In the charging device provided by the embodiment, the energy regulator and the controller expand the capacity of the power grid, so that the charging device is particularly suitable for urban charging stations with high capacity expansion cost and difficult construction of distribution lines, such as bus stations and the like, and can share active power for the public power grid when the charging load is too large, and delay the upgrading of the power distribution network. Meanwhile, the energy regulator and the controller can perform power factor correction and harmonic compensation on the whole charging device so as to improve the power factor and reduce harmonic components. The charging device can output high power, meanwhile, the network access quality is guaranteed, the load of a public power grid is reduced, and the stable and efficient operation of high-power charging equipment is guaranteed. In addition, the device only needs to monitor the electric signals of the power grid side, the energy regulator, the charger and the energy storage element, so that the increase of a large-scale hardware sampling circuit can be avoided, and the device is simplified.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10, the charging device 400 provided in the present embodiment includes: a transformer 410, a charger 420, an energy conditioner 430, and a controller 440. The charger 420 includes a plurality of charging units. The controller comprises a sampling unit, an energy management unit, an instruction generation unit and a current control unit.
In the charging device, the secondary winding of the transformer 420 is connected to the ac side of the energy conditioner 430, and the secondary winding of the transformer 420 is connected to the ac side of the charger 430. Wherein the ac inputs of the plurality of charging units are all connected to the secondary winding of the transformer 410.
In the charging device, the first collecting end of the collecting unit is located at the ac side of the energy regulator to collect the current signal at the ac side of the energy regulator, and the second collecting end of the collecting unit is located at the primary winding side of the transformer to collect the total current signal at the primary winding of the transformer.
The general application environment determines that the capacity of the power distribution network is fixed and can be directly input into the energy management unit. The energy management unit communicates with the charger or each charging unit in the charger to obtain the charging power of the charger, specifically, the charging unit communicates with a corresponding load or charging equipment (such as an electric vehicle, a charging pile and the like) to obtain the charging requirements of each load, all the charging requirements are added to obtain the charging power, and the charging power is uploaded to the controller. And acquiring an electric signal (such as the output voltage of the energy storage element) at the output end of the energy storage element or communicating with a battery management system of the energy storage element to acquire the charge state of the energy storage element. Of course, the charging power and the charge state of the energy storage element may also be obtained by directly sampling the electrical signal, which is not limited herein.
The operation of the energy management unit, the command generation unit and the current control unit is similar to that of the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and is not repeated herein.
In the charging device provided by this embodiment, since the energy regulator is directly connected in parallel with the charging unit, the capacity of the transformer does not need to be increased while the capacity of the power grid is expanded. However, the transformer is in a duplex winding form, only the electric isolation between the power grid and the load is realized, and the isolation between the vehicles is realized through the charging module.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a charging device according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 11, the charging device 500 provided in the present embodiment includes: a multi-winding transformer 510, a charger 520, an energy conditioner 530, and a controller 540. The charger 520 includes N charging units.
In the charging device 500, the multi-winding transformer 510 has N +1 sets of secondary windings, one set of secondary windings of the multi-winding transformer 510 is connected to the ac side of the energy conditioner 520, and the N sets of secondary windings of the multi-winding transformer 510 are connected to the ac sides of the N charging units in a one-to-one correspondence.
In the charging device 500, the first collecting terminal of the collecting unit is located at the ac side of the energy regulator to collect the current signal at the ac side of the energy regulator, and the second collecting terminal of the controller is located at the primary winding side of the transformer to collect the current signal at the ac side of the transformer.
The general application environment determines that the capacity of the power distribution network is fixed and can be directly input into the energy management unit. The energy management unit communicates with the charger or each charging unit in the charger to obtain the charging power of the charger, specifically, the charging unit communicates with a corresponding load or charging equipment (such as an electric vehicle, a charging pile and the like) to obtain the charging requirements of each load, all the charging requirements are added to obtain the charging power, and the charging power is uploaded to the controller. And acquiring an electric signal (such as the output voltage of the energy storage element) at the output end of the energy storage element or communicating with a battery management system of the energy storage element to acquire the charge state of the energy storage element. Of course, the charging power and the state of charge of the energy storage element can also be obtained by directly sampling the electrical signal, which is not limited herein.
The operation of the energy management unit, the command generation unit and the current control unit is similar to that of the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and is not repeated herein.
In the charging device provided in this embodiment, a capacity expansion function and a harmonic compensation function are provided, and each charging unit is connected to a different transformer winding to achieve isolation therebetween, so that the charging module may adopt a non-isolated topology, thereby improving power density and charging efficiency.
At present, a phase-shifting transformer is adopted to realize multi-pulse rectification to improve the power factor of a system and reduce the harmonic content, and if a charging device adopts the phase-shifting 12-pulse rectification scheme, a phase difference of 30 degrees exists between two secondary windings of the transformer. Although the secondary winding current of the transformer still has larger harmonic content, the current of the two secondary windings is converted into the primary side higher harmonic to be mutually offset, the power factor of the power grid side is improved, the harmonic content is reduced, the current THD of the power grid side can be restrained to 6-7%, compared with an uncontrolled rectification scheme, the structure is obviously improved, and the network access requirement of partial areas can not be met. On the basis, the number of secondary windings is continuously increased, for example, on the basis of star connection and triangular connection, an edge-extended triangular winding is added, so that the phases of four windings are different by 15 degrees, at the moment, a system forms 24-pulse rectification, and the harmonic content of the system, which is converted to the primary side power grid side of the transformer, is further offset and reduced. Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a charging device according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 12, the charging device 600 provided in the present embodiment includes: a multi-winding transformer 610, a charger 620, an energy conditioner 630, and a controller 640. The charger 620 includes N charging units.
In the charging device 600, the multi-winding transformer has 2N +1 sets of secondary windings; one set of secondary windings of the multi-winding transformer is connected with the alternating current side of the energy regulator, the other 2N sets of secondary windings of the multi-winding transformer 620 are connected with the alternating current side of the charger 620, every two sets of secondary windings of the multi-winding transformer are connected with the alternating current side of one charging unit, two phases of the three phases of the alternating current side of the charging unit are connected with the two sets of secondary windings, and the two sets of secondary windings connected with the alternating current side of the same charging unit are connected in different winding connection modes. As shown in fig. 12, there is a 30-degree phase difference between the two inputs to achieve single-module 12-pulse rectification, and the transformer windings are connected in a delta and star manner, respectively.
In practice, the method is not limited to this connection method, and pulse wave rectification of 24, 36 and the like can be realized by phase shifting other angles, so that the module power factor is further improved. If the extended-edge triangular winding is added on the basis of star connection and triangular connection, the phases of the four windings are different by 15 degrees, at the moment, the system forms 24-pulse rectification, and the harmonic content of the system, which is converted to the primary side power grid side of the transformer, is further counteracted and reduced.
In the charging device 600, the first collecting terminal of the collecting unit is located at the ac side of the energy regulator to collect the current signal at the ac side of the energy regulator, and the second collecting terminal of the controller is located at the primary winding side of the transformer to collect the current signal at the ac side of the transformer.
The general application environment determines that the capacity of the power distribution network is fixed and can be directly input into the energy management unit. The energy management unit communicates with the charger or each charging unit in the charger to obtain charging power of the charger, specifically, the charging unit communicates with a corresponding load or charging equipment (such as an electric vehicle, a charging pile and the like) to obtain charging requirements of each load, all the charging requirements are added to obtain charging power, and the charging power is uploaded to the controller. And acquiring an electric signal (such as the output voltage of the energy storage element) at the output end of the energy storage element or communicating with a battery management system of the energy storage element to acquire the charge state of the energy storage element. Of course, the charging power and the state of charge of the energy storage element can also be obtained by directly sampling the electrical signal, which is not limited herein.
The operation of the energy management unit, the instruction generation unit and the current control unit is similar to that of the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and is not described herein again.
In the charging device provided in this embodiment, on the basis of the multi-winding transformer, a phase shift technology is adopted to implement multi-pulse rectification, which can replace an active PFC circuit, thereby improving the power density and charging efficiency of the charging unit. However, the capacity of the transformer needs to be increased when the device expands the capacity of the power grid.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 13, the controller 730 of the charging device 700 of the present embodiment is located inside the energy conditioner 740, and the controller is a local controller of the energy conditioner 740. In contrast, in the charging device shown in fig. 6, the controller 240 is the main controller of the charging device. The controller 730 in this embodiment has the same function as the controller 240 in the embodiment shown in fig. 6, and for the related description, reference is made to the above embodiment, which is not repeated herein.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 14, compared to the charging device shown in fig. 8, the controller 830 of the charging device 800 of the present embodiment is located inside the energy regulator 840, that is, the controller is a local controller of the energy regulator 840. In contrast, in the charging apparatus shown in fig. 8, the controller 340 is the main controller of the charging apparatus. The controller 830 in this embodiment has the same function as the controller 340 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and for related description, reference is made to the above embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
The transformer, the charger and the energy regulator are integrated in a cabinet body, the primary side current of the transformer and the alternating side current of the energy regulator are collected, and the alternating input current of the charger is obtained through calculation. The charger comprises a plurality of charging units, and a detection device is not required to be arranged on each charging unit, so that the hardware cost is saved.
In the charging device, the energy regulator is added to monitor the load of the power grid and the energy storage element, regulate the power flow and expand the capacity of the power grid to meet the possible high-power charging requirement; and meanwhile, the load current waveform of the whole charging device is monitored, and the network access quality of the system is improved through reactive power and harmonic compensation. The charging device can greatly improve the power density of the charging equipment, and has extremely high charging efficiency and better system networking quality.
Fig. 15 is a method flowchart illustrating a charge control method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The charging control method provided in the present embodiment is based on the charging devices shown in fig. 5 and 6. As shown in fig. 15, the method provided by this embodiment includes:
s901, the power distribution network provides first input power for the charging device, and the power required by the alternating current side of the charger is second input power.
More specifically, the first input power and the second input power in the present embodiment refer to apparent power.
The controller can acquire an electric signal of a primary winding of the transformer to obtain first input power provided by the power distribution network for the charging device, and can also obtain the first input power provided by the power distribution network for the charging device in other manners.
And S902, controlling the alternating current side current of the energy regulator.
More specifically, the controller generates a compensation command, and controls the energy regulator to output an alternating-current side current according to the compensation command so as to compensate for a power difference between the second input power and the first input power.
Further, in the present embodiment, the controller is a main controller in the charging device, but the controller may also be a local controller in the energy conditioner.
Fig. 16 is a method flowchart illustrating a charge control method according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The charging control method provided by the present embodiment is based on the charging device shown in fig. 5 and 6 described above. As shown in fig. 16, the charging control method provided in this embodiment includes:
s1101, the power distribution network provides first input power for the charging device, and power required by the alternating current side of the charger is second input power.
Further, the first input power and the second input power in the present embodiment are apparent power.
And S1102, respectively collecting the alternating current side current of the energy regulator and the primary side input current of the transformer, and calculating the total charging current.
More specifically, the ac side current of the energy conditioner is subtracted from the primary side input current of the transformer to obtain a total charging current by collecting the ac side current of the energy conditioner and the primary side input current of the transformer.
And S1103, extracting harmonic current and reactive current in the total charging current, taking the harmonic current as a harmonic compensation command, taking the reactive current as a reactive compensation command, and generating a compensation command by overlapping the harmonic compensation command and the reactive compensation command.
More specifically, the harmonic current and the reactive current are obtained by a harmonic current extraction method and a reactive current extraction method in the related art. And taking the harmonic current as a harmonic compensation instruction, taking the reactive current as a reactive compensation instruction, and overlapping the harmonic compensation instruction and the reactive compensation instruction to generate a compensation instruction.
And S1104, controlling the alternating current side current of the energy regulator according to the compensation command so as to enable the alternating current side current to track the compensation command.
More specifically, the alternating current side current of the energy regulator is controlled by a current loop link according to the compensation command, so that the alternating current side current of the energy regulator tracks the compensation command to compensate the power difference between the second input power and the first input power, wherein the power difference comprises: harmonic components and reactive components.
Fig. 17 is a method flowchart illustrating a charge control method according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The charging control method provided by the present embodiment is based on the charging device shown in fig. 8 and 10 described above. As shown in fig. 17, the charging control method provided in this embodiment includes:
s1201, the power distribution network provides first input power for the charging device, and power needed by the alternating current side of the charger is second input power.
And S1202, respectively collecting the alternating current of the energy regulator and the primary side input current of the transformer, and calculating the total charging current.
S1203, acquiring the capacity of the power distribution network, the charging power of the charger and the charge state of the energy storage element, obtaining an active power adjusting instruction according to the capacity, the charging power and the charge state of the power distribution network, and calculating to obtain an active current instruction.
More specifically, the general application environment determines that the capacity of the distribution network is fixed and can be directly input to the energy management unit. The energy management unit communicates with the charger or each charging unit in the charger to obtain charging power of the charger, specifically, the charging unit communicates with corresponding loads or charging equipment (such as an electric vehicle, a charging pile and the like) to obtain charging requirements of each load, all the charging requirements are added to obtain charging power, and the charging power is uploaded to the controller. And acquiring an electric signal (such as the output voltage of the energy storage element) at the output end of the energy storage element or communicating with a battery management system of the energy storage element to acquire the charge state of the energy storage element. Of course, the charging power and the state of charge of the energy storage element can also be obtained by directly sampling the electrical signal, which is not limited herein.
And judging whether the capacity of the power distribution network is smaller than the charging power, and when the capacity of the power distribution network is smaller than the charging power and the charge state of the energy storage element is larger than a lower limit value, taking the difference value between the charging capacity and the capacity of the power distribution network as an active power regulation instruction, and discharging the energy storage element. And when the capacity of the power distribution network is greater than the charging power and the charge state of the energy storage element is less than the upper limit value, the energy storage element is charged. Comparing the difference value between the capacity and the charging capacity of the power distribution network with the capacity of the energy storage unit, and when the difference value between the capacity and the charging capacity of the power distribution network is smaller than the capacity of the energy storage unit, taking the difference value between the capacity and the charging capacity of the power distribution network as an active power regulation instruction; and when the difference value between the capacity of the power distribution network and the charging capacity is larger than the capacity of the energy storage unit, the capacity of the energy storage unit is used as an active power adjusting instruction. The capacity of the energy storage unit is generally determined by the capacity of the energy regulator.
S1204, extracting harmonic current and reactive current in the total charging current, taking the harmonic current as a harmonic compensation command, taking the reactive current as a reactive compensation command, and overlapping the harmonic compensation command, the reactive compensation command and the active current command to generate a compensation command.
And S1205, controlling the alternating current side current of the energy regulator according to the compensation command so as to enable the alternating current side current to track the compensation command.
More specifically, the alternating current side current of the energy regulator is controlled by a current loop element according to the compensation command, so that the alternating current side current of the energy regulator tracks the compensation command to compensate the power difference between the second input power and the first input power, wherein the power difference comprises: a real component, a harmonic component, and a reactive component.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (20)

1. A charging device, comprising: a transformer, a charger, an energy regulator;
the primary winding of the transformer is connected with a power distribution network, and the power distribution network provides first input power for the charging device;
the secondary winding of the transformer is respectively connected with the alternating current side of the charger and the alternating current side of the energy regulator;
the power required by the alternating current side of the charger is second input power;
compensating for a power difference between the second input power and the first input power by controlling an alternating side current of the energy regulator;
the charging device further includes a controller, the controller including:
the sampling unit is provided with a first acquisition end positioned on the alternating current side of the energy regulator and used for acquiring the alternating current side current of the energy regulator, a second acquisition end positioned on the primary side of the transformer and used for acquiring the primary side input current of the transformer, and the primary side input current of the transformer subtracts the alternating current side current of the energy regulator to obtain the total charging current; and harmonic current and reactive current in the total charging current correspond to the power difference.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power difference comprises a harmonic component and a reactive component.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the controller further comprises:
the command generation unit is used for extracting harmonic current and reactive current in the total charging current, the harmonic current is inverted to be used as a harmonic compensation command, the reactive current is inverted to be used as a reactive compensation command, and the harmonic compensation command and the reactive compensation command are superposed to generate a compensation command;
and the current control unit controls the alternating current side current of the energy regulator according to the compensation command so as to enable the alternating current side current to track the compensation command, so that harmonic component compensation and reactive component compensation are realized.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dc side of the energy conditioner is connected to an energy storage element, and the power differential comprises a real component, a harmonic component, and a reactive component.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the controller further comprises:
the energy management unit is used for acquiring the capacity of the power distribution network, the charging power of the charger and the charge state of the energy storage element, obtaining an active power regulation instruction according to the capacity of the power distribution network, the charging power and the charge state, and calculating to obtain an active current instruction;
the command generation unit is used for extracting harmonic current and reactive current in the total charging current, inverting the harmonic current to be used as a harmonic compensation command, inverting the reactive current to be used as a reactive compensation command, and overlapping the harmonic compensation command, the reactive compensation command and the active current command to generate a compensation command;
and the current control unit controls the alternating current side current of the energy regulator according to the compensation command to enable the alternating current side current to track the compensation command so as to realize active component compensation, harmonic component compensation and reactive component compensation.
6. The apparatus of claim 5,
and if the capacity of the power distribution network is smaller than the charging power and the state of charge is larger than the lower limit value, the energy storage element discharges.
7. The apparatus of claim 5,
and if the capacity of the power distribution network is greater than the charging power and the state of charge is smaller than the upper limit value, the energy storage element is charged.
8. The apparatus of any of claims 3 or 5, wherein the controller is a master controller of a charging device, or the controller is disposed within the energy conditioner and is a local controller of the energy conditioner.
9. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the transformer is a phase shifting transformer;
the charger comprises N charging units, and the phase-shifting transformer is provided with 2N +1 groups of secondary windings;
the secondary side winding of the phase-shifting transformer is connected with the alternating current side of the energy regulator;
and aiming at each charging unit, the alternating current side of the charging unit is connected with the two groups of secondary windings of the phase-shifting transformer.
10. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the transformer is a multi-winding transformer;
the charger comprises N charging units, and the multi-winding transformer is provided with N +1 groups of secondary windings;
wherein a set of secondary windings of the multi-winding transformer are connected with the AC side of the energy conditioner;
for each charging unit, the alternating current side of the charging unit is connected with a group of secondary windings of the multi-winding transformer.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein two sets of secondary windings connected to the same charging unit are connected in different winding connection manners.
12. The apparatus of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the transformer comprises a set of secondary windings, the secondary windings are respectively connected to the AC side of the charger and the AC side of the energy conditioner, and the converter in the charger is an isolated converter.
13. A charging control method, based on a charging device, the charging device comprising: the system comprises a transformer, a charger and an energy regulator, wherein a primary winding of the transformer is connected with a power distribution network; the secondary winding of the transformer is respectively connected with the alternating current side of the charger and the alternating current side of the energy regulator; the method comprises the following steps:
the power distribution network provides first input power for the charging device;
the power required by the alternating current side of the charger is second input power;
controlling an AC side current of the energy conditioner to compensate for a power difference between the second input power and the first input power;
the charging device further comprises a controller that performs the steps of:
respectively collecting the alternating current of the energy regulator and the primary side input current of the transformer to obtain total charging current; the total charging current is obtained by subtracting the alternating current side current of the energy regulator from the primary side input current of the transformer; and harmonic current and reactive current in the total charging current correspond to the power difference.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the power difference comprises a harmonic component and a reactive component.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the controller further performs the steps of:
extracting harmonic current and reactive current in the total charging current, taking the harmonic current as a harmonic compensation instruction, taking the reactive current as a reactive compensation instruction, and overlapping the harmonic compensation instruction and the reactive compensation instruction to generate a compensation instruction;
and controlling the alternating current side current of the energy regulator according to the compensation command so as to track the compensation command to compensate the power difference between the second input power and the first input power.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein the charging device further comprises an energy storage element, the dc side of the energy conditioner being connected to the energy storage element; the power difference includes a real component, a harmonic component, and a reactive component.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the controller further performs the steps of:
acquiring the capacity of the power distribution network, the charging power of the charger and the charge state of the energy storage element, obtaining an active power adjusting instruction according to the capacity of the power distribution network, the charging power and the charge state, and calculating to obtain an active current instruction;
extracting harmonic current and reactive current in the total charging current, taking the harmonic current as a harmonic compensation instruction, taking the reactive current as a reactive compensation instruction, and overlapping the harmonic compensation instruction, the reactive compensation instruction and the active current instruction to generate a compensation instruction;
and controlling the alternating current side current of the energy regulator according to the compensation command so as to track the compensation command to compensate the power difference between the second input power and the first input power.
18. The method of claim 17,
and if the capacity of the power distribution network is smaller than the charging power and the state of charge is larger than the lower limit value, the energy storage element discharges.
19. The method of claim 17,
and if the capacity of the power distribution network is greater than the charging power and the state of charge is smaller than the upper limit value, the energy storage element is charged.
20. The method of any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the controller is a slave controller of a charging device, or wherein the controller is located within the energy conditioner and is a local controller of the energy conditioner.
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