CN111833889B - Multi-track sound mixing method for pedestrian warning sound of electric vehicle - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
- G10L25/48—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 specially adapted for particular use
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- B60Q5/00—Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q5/00—Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices
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- B60Q5/008—Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices automatically actuated for signaling silent vehicles, e.g. for warning that a hybrid or electric vehicle is approaching
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- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multitrack audio mixing method for pedestrian warning audio of an electric vehicle, which carries out audio mixing operation on sub-audio samples respectively arranged on a plurality of audio tracks, and comprises the following steps: and generating a sound mixing signal according to the proportioning coefficient of each designated track and the designated vehicle state matching coupling coefficient, wherein the sound mixing signal simultaneously comprises the functions of all sub-sound sample signals, and the sub-sound samples meet all requirements in GB/T37153-2018. The multi-track sound mixing method provided by the invention realizes pedestrian warning sound of the electric vehicle in the modes of single-track sound design, vehicle state matching and multi-track sound mixing teaching, meets the regulation requirement, can well fuse and highlight the sound of brand genes, and can well keep matching with the vehicle state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of warning sound signal processing, in particular to a multi-track sound mixing method for an electric vehicle pedestrian warning sound.
Background
In the aspect of the research of the warning sound of the pedestrians outside the automobile, the requirement of the low-speed driving prompt sound of the electric automobile is the most basic requirement.
In 2007, NFB began to speak about united states meeting to establish related regulations to solve the potential safety hazard caused by low-speed running of electric vehicles. The american society of automotive engineering established the committee for pedestrian warning sounds, the method for evaluating the system for warning sounds of drafted pedestrians.
In 2012, auwereer Herman of Belgium LMS company considers the definition and the spectrum composition of pedestrian warning sound of electric vehicles to be the two aspects of the most critical, and the minimum noise interference to the surrounding environment is ensured while the sufficient warning effect is generated for pedestrians, and meanwhile, a pedestrian warning sound fitting method based on a sound quality balancing model is provided.
In 2013, nicolas Misdariis et al of the french institute of musical and acoustics considered that there were unresolved difficulties in hearing perception, man-car communication, psychoacoustics, and sound interaction design, and designed test experiments for the response time required for pedestrians to perceive warning sounds in the sound scene.
In 2018, adrian rosslesch systematically introduced an electric car pedestrian alert sound system. Elizabeth a. Clending illustrates the impact of noise pollution, security, brand positioning, and aesthetic concepts on future electrodynamic sound design processes and development directions. Markus bobden et al considers it important that the pedestrian alert sound of an electric vehicle has a brand recognition, indicating that regulatory compliance and sound brand feature design are of concern in the development of pedestrian alert sounds.
In 2014 to 2018, the national automobile standardization technical committee organizes the main host factories and spare part suppliers in China several times in succession to carry out the drafting and revising work of related standards, and the national recommended standard of electric automobile low-speed prompt tone is formed at present.
The Jilin university automobile engineering institute carries out the research work of pedestrian warning sound synthesis algorithm and evaluation method, hu Dayuan provides a simplified engine sound synthesis algorithm, and establishes a certain engine sound sample library and an external warning sound sample library. Zhao Jian et al set up subjective evaluation objective quantification model of the warning sound quality of electric car based on the optimized BP neural network. Wang Dengfeng et al propose a method for testing the sound quality of pedestrian warning and a device and method for testing the warning distance.
The pedestrian warning sound system is currently the standard of a pure electric vehicle and a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, the sound quality of the pedestrian warning sound is an important development index of the electric vehicle, the pedestrian warning sound with pleasant hearing can be added to the vehicle, and likewise, the unpleasant pedestrian warning sound can cause the consumer to feel objectionable, but the design of the pedestrian warning sound is greatly limited due to the restriction of national regulations, and the design of the pedestrian warning sound is intended to meet the requirements of regulations and has great difficulty in the sound of displaying brand genes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-track sound mixing method for pedestrian warning sounds of an electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps:
the invention provides a multi-track sound mixing method for pedestrian warning sound of an electric vehicle, which carries out sound mixing operation on sub-sound samples respectively arranged on a plurality of sound tracks, and comprises the following steps: and generating a sound mixing signal according to the proportioning coefficient of each designated sound track and the designated vehicle state matching coupling coefficient, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein L is the number of tracks, y i (n) sub-sound sample signal for the i-th track, < >>For vehicle state vector, ++>Matching coupling coefficients, y, for specified vehicle conditions i * (n) is a sound signal of the sub-sound sample of the ith track after the matching coupling of the vehicle state;
y(n)＝α 1 ×y 1 * (n)+α 2 ×y 2 * (n)+…+α L ×y L * (n), wherein y (n) is the generated mix signal, α 1 ,α 2 ,…,α L For the proportioning factor of each designated track, y 1 * (n),y 2 * (n),…,y L * (n) is the sound signal of the sub-sound sample of each track after the matching coupling of the vehicle state.
Further, the proportioning coefficient of each designated audio track and the designated vehicle state matching coupling coefficient are obtained through the following steps:
s1, initializing proportioning coefficients of all audio tracks and vehicle state matching coupling coefficients;
s2, matching coupling coefficients according to the proportioning coefficients of the audio tracks and the vehicle state to generate a sound mixing signal;
s3, analyzing the mixed sound signal to obtain one or more sound quality parameter values of the mixed sound signal;
s4, judging whether the sound quality parameter value of the mixed sound signal meets a preset threshold range, if so, taking the matching coefficient of each current sound track and the vehicle state matching coupling coefficient as the matching coefficient of each appointed sound track and the appointed vehicle state matching coupling coefficient, otherwise, executing S5-S6;
s5, correcting the matching coefficient and/or the vehicle state matching coupling coefficient of each current audio track to obtain the updated matching coefficient and/or the vehicle state matching coupling coefficient of each audio track;
s6, matching the coupling coefficient according to the updated proportioning coefficient and/or the vehicle state of each audio track, and repeatedly executing S2-S4.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,wherein (1)>The vehicle speed signal is represented by v, the gear signal is represented by g, and the torque signal is represented by T; s3, before analyzing the mixed sound signal, fusing the mixed sound signal with an acoustic environment under the running working condition of the vehicle, and fusingAnd analyzing the synthesized mixed sound signals.
Further, the number of the sound tracks is at least three, a basic voice steamed stuffed bun sound sample is arranged on the first sound track, a sub sound sample showing brand features is arranged on the second sound track, and a sub sound sample representing working conditions is arranged on the third sound track.
Further, the base speech steamed stuffed bun sound sample meets all requirements in GB/T37153-2018.
Further, the audio design modes of the sub-sound sample comprise a formula fitting method, a time scale changing method and a slicing method.
Further, the sound quality parameter values include a sound limit, an octave, and a frequency shift; the preset threshold range is according to GB/T37153-2018.
Further, the conditions in the sub-sound samples that characterize the conditions include at least jerk, and jerk.
Further, the mixing signal and the sound environment are fused according to the sound characteristic under the running condition of the vehicle and the electroacoustic transfer function of the vehicle playback system.
Further, the mix signal contains the function of all sub-sound sample signals at the same time.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The pedestrian warning sound can contain more sound information on the premise of meeting relevant legal standards, such as information for highlighting the brand of the vehicle and information of special working conditions, so that pedestrians can smell sounds to distinguish vehicles and listen to sounds to know the states of the vehicles to make timely avoidance;
(2) Pedestrian warning sounds after being fused with the environment are audible and pleasant;
(3) And the plosive with abundant representation power is matched with the acceleration state of the automobile, so that the driving pleasure of the automobile is improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a multi-track audio mixing process diagram of pedestrian warning audio of an electric vehicle provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for obtaining a specified matching coefficient of each audio track and a specified vehicle state matching coupling coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For better understanding of the present invention, the objects, technical solutions and advantages thereof will be more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the implementation manner not shown or described in the drawings is a manner known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Additionally, although examples of parameters including particular values may be provided herein, it should be appreciated that the parameters need not be exactly equal to the corresponding values, but may be approximated to the corresponding values within acceptable error margins or design constraints. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, apparatus, article, or device that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements that are expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or device.
In one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a multi-track mixing method for pedestrian warning sounds of an electric vehicle, referring to fig. 1, performing a mixing operation on sub-sound samples respectively provided on a plurality of tracks, including: and generating a sound mixing signal according to the proportioning coefficient of each designated sound track and the designated vehicle state matching coupling coefficient, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein L is the number of tracks, y i (n) is the sub-sound sample signal of the i-th track,matching coupling coefficients, y, for specified vehicle conditions i * (n) is a sound signal of the sub-sound sample of the ith track after the matching coupling of the vehicle state;
wherein,as the vehicle state vector, v is a vehicle speed signal, g is a gear signal, and T is a torque signal, it should be noted that the vehicle state vector includes, but is not limited to, the above three signals;
and (3) superposing and outputting the sound signals on each sound track according to a proper proportion, wherein the formula is as follows:
y(n)＝α 1 ×y 1 * (n)+α 2 ×y 2 * (n)+…+α L ×y L * (n)，
wherein y (n) is the generated mix signal, α 1 ,α 2 ,…,α L For the proportioning factor of each designated track, y 1 * (n),y 2 * (n),…,y L * (n) is a sound signal of sub-sound samples of each audio track after the sub-sound samples of each audio track are coupled by the vehicle state matching, and the mixed sound signal simultaneously comprises the functions of all sub-sound sample signals.
Taking the case when l=3 as an example, that is, the number of the audio tracks is three, it should be noted that in this embodiment, the number of the audio tracks includes but is not limited to three, and may also be two audio tracks, where a base voice steamed stuffed bun sound sample is set on the first audio track, where the base voice steamed stuffed bun sound sample meets all requirements in GB/T37153-2018, and in national standard GB/T37153-2018, there are a sound level limit requirement, a frequency range requirement, and a frequency movement requirement for pedestrian warning sounds, and when designing the sub sound sample, the frequency range requirement needs to be met, the sound level limit requirement can be met in cooperation with a vehicle playback system, and the frequency movement requirement can be met in cooperation with a vehicle speed change; the second sound track is provided with a sub-sound sample for highlighting brand features, the sound sample has brand recognition degree, can smell and recognize automobiles, is pleasant, can bring pleasant moods to people, and can get rid of the constraint of regulations when the sub-sound sample is designed, and brand feature sounds with unique forms and high recognition degree are designed, so that people can smell and recognize automobiles, and the brand influence is improved through the sounds; in the embodiment of the invention, the working conditions in the sub-sound sample for representing the working conditions comprise rapid acceleration, rapid braking and rapid turning, the sound sample works under a special working condition, for example, the sound sample emits sound with abundant power under the rapid acceleration working condition, and when the sound sample is rapidly accelerated (the accelerator pedal is more than 80 percent), a blasting sound for representing the abundant power is designed to be matched with the sound sample, so that the driving fun of the automobile is improved; the audio design of the sub-sound samples includes, but is not limited to, formula fitting methods, time-scale varying methods, and slicing methods.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the proportioning coefficient of each designated audio track and the designated vehicle state matching coupling coefficient are obtained by the following steps:
s1, initializing proportioning coefficients of all audio tracks and vehicle state matching coupling coefficients;
s2, matching coupling coefficients according to the proportioning coefficients of the audio tracks and the vehicle state to generate a sound mixing signal;
s3, analyzing the mixed sound signal to obtain one or more sound quality parameter values of the mixed sound signal;
s4, judging whether the sound quality parameter value of the audio mixing signal meets a preset threshold range, if so, taking the current matching coefficient and the vehicle state matching coupling coefficient of each audio track as the specified matching coefficient and the specified vehicle state matching coupling coefficient of each audio track, taking the matching coefficient and the specified vehicle state matching coupling coefficient as the optimal delivery parameters, otherwise, executing S5-S6;
s5, correcting the matching coefficient and/or the vehicle state matching coupling coefficient of each current audio track to obtain the updated matching coefficient and/or the vehicle state matching coupling coefficient of each audio track;
s6, matching the coupling coefficient according to the updated proportioning coefficient and/or the vehicle state of each audio track, and repeatedly executing S2-S4.
Before analyzing the mixed sound signal in the step S3, the method further comprises the steps of fusing the mixed sound signal with an acoustic environment according to the sound characteristic under the running working condition of the vehicle and the electroacoustic transfer function of the vehicle playback system, analyzing the fused mixed sound signal, and subjectively evaluating and adjusting the fused mixed sound signal to meet personal listening preference.
Wherein, in the step S3, the sound quality parameter value comprises a sound limit value, an octave and a frequency shift; the preset threshold range in step S4 is determined according to GB/T37153-2018.
In one embodiment of the invention, sub-sound sample signals on a plurality of sound tracks generate a sound mixing signal by utilizing the proportion coefficient of each designated sound track and the designated vehicle state matching coupling coefficient, output the sound mixing signal meeting the GB/T37153-2018 condition after being fused by sound environment, and output the sound mixing signal meeting the condition to a loudspeaker for playing to form warning sound.
The multi-track sound mixing method provided by the invention realizes pedestrian warning sound of the electric vehicle in the modes of single-track sound design, vehicle state matching and multi-track sound mixing teaching, meets the regulation requirement, can well fuse and highlight the sound of brand genes, and can well keep matching with the vehicle state.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The multi-track sound mixing method for the pedestrian warning sound of the electric vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and matching coupling coefficients according to the proportioning coefficients of the designated audio tracks and the designated vehicle states, and generating a sound mixing signal according to the following formula:wherein L is the number of tracks, y i (n) sub-sound sample signal for the i-th track, < >>For vehicle state vector, ++>Matching coupling coefficients, y, for specified vehicle conditions i * (n) is a sound signal of the sub-sound sample of the ith track after the matching coupling of the vehicle state;
y(n)＝α 1 ×y 1 * (n)+α 2 ×y 2 * (n)+...+α L ×y L * (n), wherein y (n) is the generated mix signal, α 1 ,α 2 ,...,α L For the proportioning factor of each designated track, y 1 * (n),y 2 * (n),...,y L * (n) is the sound signal of the sub-sound sample of each track after the matching coupling of the vehicle state;
the proportioning coefficient of each designated audio track and the designated vehicle state matching coupling coefficient are obtained through the following steps: s1, initializing proportioning coefficients of all audio tracks and vehicle state matching coupling coefficients;
s2, matching coupling coefficients according to the proportioning coefficients of the audio tracks and the vehicle state to generate a sound mixing signal;
s3, analyzing the mixed sound signal to obtain one or more sound quality parameter values of the mixed sound signal;
s4, judging whether the sound quality parameter value of the mixed sound signal meets a preset threshold range, if so, taking the matching coefficient of each current sound track and the vehicle state matching coupling coefficient as the matching coefficient of each appointed sound track and the appointed vehicle state matching coupling coefficient, otherwise, executing S5-S6;
s5, correcting the matching coefficient and/or the vehicle state matching coupling coefficient of each current audio track to obtain the updated matching coefficient and/or the vehicle state matching coupling coefficient of each audio track;
s6, matching the coupling coefficient according to the updated proportioning coefficient and/or the vehicle state of each audio track, and repeatedly executing S2-S4.
2. The multi-track mixing method for pedestrian warning sounds of electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein,wherein (1)>The vehicle speed signal is represented by v, the gear signal is represented by g, and the torque signal is represented by T; and S3, before analyzing the mixed sound signal, fusing the mixed sound signal with an acoustic environment under a running working condition of the vehicle, and analyzing the fused mixed sound signal.
3. The multi-track sound mixing method for pedestrian warning sound of electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the number of the sound tracks is at least three, a basic voice steamed stuffed bun sound sample is arranged on a first sound track, a sub sound sample showing brand features is arranged on a second sound track, and a sub sound sample representing working condition is arranged on a third sound track.
4. A multi-track mixing method for pedestrian alert tones of an electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the basic voice steamed stuffed bun sound sample meets all requirements in GB/T37153-2018.
5. The multi-track mixing method of pedestrian warning sounds of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the audio design method of the sub-sound samples comprises a formula fitting method, a time scale varying method and a slicing method.
6. The multi-track mixing method of pedestrian alert tones of claim 1, wherein the sound quality parameter values include sound limits, octaves, and frequency shifts; the preset threshold range is according to GB/T37153-2018.
7. The method of multi-track mixing of pedestrian alert tones for electric vehicles of claim 3, wherein the conditions in the sub-sound samples representing the conditions include at least sudden acceleration, sudden braking, and sudden cornering.
8. The multi-track mixing method of pedestrian warning sounds of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the mixing signal and the acoustic environment are fused according to the acoustic characteristics of the vehicle under the driving condition and the electroacoustic transfer function of the vehicle playback system.
9. The multi-track mixing method for pedestrian warning sounds of electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the mixing signal contains the functions of all sub-sound sample signals at the same time.
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