CN111829984B - Fabry-Perot high humidity sensor and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Fabry-Perot high humidity sensor and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111829984B CN111829984B CN202010649295.0A CN202010649295A CN111829984B CN 111829984 B CN111829984 B CN 111829984B CN 202010649295 A CN202010649295 A CN 202010649295A CN 111829984 B CN111829984 B CN 111829984B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
- G01N2021/458—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods using interferential sensor, e.g. sensor fibre, possibly on optical waveguide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/08—Optical fibres; light guides
Abstract
The invention provides a Fabry-Perot high-humidity sensor and a measuring method thereof, and relates to the technical field of optical fiber biosensing. According to the invention, by utilizing the super-shrinkage characteristic of the spider haulage wire after absorbing water, a Fabry-Perot cavity with variable cavity length is built, so that interference spectra of reflected light of the end surface of the optical fiber probe and reflected light of the movable reflecting surface have different free spectral length ranges under different humidity. The super-shrinkage characteristic of the spider dragline silk is used for humidity measurement, so that the humidity sensor has the characteristics of good natural degradability, biocompatibility and high sensitivity and response speed under a high humidity condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a Fabry-Perot high-humidity sensor and a measuring method thereof, belonging to the technical field of optical fiber biosensing.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, humidity monitoring is widely applied to the fields of instruments, automation systems, agriculture, meteorology, geographic information and the like, and people pay more and more attention to the monitoring of environmental humidity. Among various humidity detection technologies, the optical fiber humidity sensing technology has been rapidly developed due to its characteristics of electromagnetic interference resistance, corrosion resistance, excellent light guiding performance, high sensitivity, and the like. Nowadays, under the call of green economy and green science and technology, the influence of products on human health and environment is increasingly emphasized in the field of sensors, namely, requirements on biocompatibility and environmental friendliness of the sensors are made. The optical fiber biosensor designed by combining the biological material and the optical fiber sensing technology is a device for sensing the biological materials such as natural cells, tissues and the like in the nature, so the optical fiber biosensor has good biocompatibility and degradability and is beneficial to environmental protection.
Spider silks, a biological protein produced from spider silk glands, are not only naturally degradable and have good biocompatibility, but also high strength, good elasticity, and excellent optical and mechanical properties. One spider produces seven distinct spidroins, of which the spider dragline, also known as "spider's vital fibers", attracts researchers' interest. Spider dragline silk is a very special bioprotein high-molecular polymer, which has a property of super-shrinking due to humidity. When the relative Humidity is greater than 70% RH, the drawing wire contracts axially and can reach up to 50% of its length (Journal of Experimental Biology,2009,212 (13 1981-1989). 2019, novais et al, using agarose gel as the moisture sensitive medium, can achieve moisture detection from 20 RH to 98.5%, but the total amount of spectral drift is only 2.5nm throughout the moisture detection interval, 60 RH to 98.5 RH, the high-Humidity interval moisture sensitivity is only 44.2pm/% RH (humidness sensor based on Optical fiber coated with high sensitivity of the drawing wire, optical Sensors, 2019.) however, spider drawing wires can react extremely sensitively to high-Humidity regions greater than 70 RH, the length shrinkage amount is up to nearly 50% (Nature, 2002,416 (6876-37), the sensitivity of the drawing wire can therefore be used as a sensing range of high-Humidity.
By utilizing the obvious contraction of the length of the spider traction wire under high humidity, a Fabry-Perot interference cavity with variable cavity length can be constructed, so that the environmental humidity can be represented by the change of the free spectral range of the output interference spectrum caused by the change of the length of the interference cavity. The super-shrinkage characteristics of spider dragline silk allow the humidity sensor based thereon to have extremely high sensitivity in a high humidity range of greater than 70% rh, as compared to common humidity sensors. The traditional humidity sensor based on the fabry-perot interference principle usually monitors the amount of red shift or blue shift variation of the output spectrum caused by humidity. In 2018, peng J et al were able to achieve humidity measurements in the range 30% rh to 90% rh using a fabry-perot cavity interference structure, the total shift of the interference lines was about 10nm (Applied Optics,2018,57 (12.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optical fiber biological humidity sensor and a measuring method thereof, wherein the optical fiber biological humidity sensor is low in cost, extremely high in sensitivity, free of pollution to the environment, biocompatible and based on the super-shrinkage characteristic of a spider dragline wire.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following steps: the device comprises an incident light source 1, an incident light waveguide 2, an optical fiber circulator 3, an optical fiber probe 4, an optical fiber fixing piece 4-1, a spider traction wire 5, a movable reflecting surface 6, a sliding rail 6-1, a micro spring 7, a spring fixing piece 8, an emergent light waveguide 9 and a light detector 10, wherein the incident light source 1 is connected with the port (1) of the optical fiber circulator 3 through the incident light waveguide 2, the optical fiber probe 4 is led out from the port (2) of the optical fiber circulator 3 and is fixed on the sliding rail 6-1 through the optical fiber fixing piece 4-1, the spider traction wire 5 is arranged between the optical fiber fixing piece 4-1 and one side of the movable reflecting surface 6, and the other side of the movable reflecting surface 6 is connected with the spring fixing piece 8 fixed on the sliding rail 6-1 through the micro spring 7; the optical detector 10 is connected with the port (3) of the optical fiber circulator through an emergent optical waveguide 9.
The invention also comprises the following structural features:
1. the end face of the optical fiber probe 4 and the movable reflecting surface 6 form a Fabry-Perot interference cavity, part of emergent light is reflected on the end face of the optical fiber probe 4, the other part of emergent light is emitted by the optical fiber probe 4 and then reflected on the movable reflecting surface 5 and then reflected back to the optical fiber probe 4, two beams of reflected light are interfered, and the optical detector 10 monitors and obtains an interference spectrum.
2. The spider traction wire 5 has the super-shrinkage characteristic, starts to shrink when the humidity is higher than 70%, overcomes the pulling force of the micro spring 7, and pulls the movable reflection surface 6 to move close to the optical fiber probe 4; when the humidity is reduced, the super shrinkage of the spider traction wire 5 is weakened, the tension is reduced, the tension of the micro spring 7 cannot be overcome, and the movable reflecting surface 6 moves away from the optical fiber probe 4 under the action of the tension of the micro spring 7; and the spider dragline wire can shrink 50% of the axial length of the spider dragline wire at most under the high humidity condition, so that the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity is driven to change remarkably.
3. The method comprises the following steps that a Fabry-Perot high-humidity sensor is placed in a humidity testing environment, the length of a Fabry-Perot cavity is driven by the super-shrinkage of a spider traction wire to change along with humidity, and the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity is in a negative correlation relation with the free spectral range of a double-beam interference spectrum measured by a spectrometer; and measuring the change of the humidity of the environment by detecting the change of the free spectral range of the interference spectrum.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the Fabry-Perot interference structure with the variable cavity length is constructed by utilizing the natural super-shrinkage characteristic of the spider haulage wire, and the output interference spectrum can generate large range change of free spectrum when the humidity exceeds a super-shrinkage threshold value, so that a sensing effect is achieved; 2. the invention does not use any artificially synthesized material for humidity detection, the natural spider dragline silk is not only beneficial to degradation and has no pollution to the environment, but also has the advantage of low cost compared with the traditional humidity sensitive material, and can be taken from the spider at any time; 3. the product made by combining the spider dragline wire with the optical fiber device can be compatible with other optical devices and electric devices, can be connected and applied to various transmission systems, and is beneficial to being compatible with the existing fiber circuit integration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall structure diagram of a Fabry-Perot high humidity sensor based on the super-shrinkage characteristic of spider silk;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the Fabry-Perot high humidity sensor based on the super-contraction characteristic of spider silk according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a fabry-perot high humidity sensor based on the super-shrinkage characteristic of spider silk comprises an incident light source 1, an incident light waveguide 2, an optical fiber circulator 3, an optical fiber probe 4, an optical fiber fixing member 4-1, a spider traction silk 5, a movable reflecting surface 6, a sliding rail 6-1, a micro spring 7, a spring fixing member 8, an emergent light waveguide 9 and a light detector 10; the optical fiber probe is characterized in that an incident light source 1 is connected with a port (1) of an optical fiber circulator 3 through an incident optical waveguide 2, an optical fiber probe 4 is led out from the port (2) of the optical fiber circulator 3 and is fixed on a slide rail 6-1 through an optical fiber fixing piece 4-1, the optical fiber fixing piece 4-1 is connected with one side of a movable reflecting surface 6 through two ends of a spider traction wire 5, and the other side of the movable reflecting surface 6 is connected with a spring fixing piece 8 fixed on the slide rail 6-1 through a micro spring 7. The reflecting end face of the optical fiber probe is parallel to the movable reflecting face and is positioned on the same straight line to form a Fabry-Perot cavity.
The Fabry-Perot interference cavity is composed of an end face of the optical fiber probe 4 and a movable reflecting face 6, one part of emergent light is reflected on the end face of the optical fiber probe 4, the other part of light is reflected on the movable reflecting face 5 after being emitted by the optical fiber probe 4 and then reflected back to the optical fiber probe 4, two beams of reflected light are interfered, and the optical detector 10 monitors and obtains an interference spectrum.
The spider traction wire 5 has a super-contraction characteristic, starts to contract when the humidity is higher than 70%, and overcomes the pulling force of the micro spring 7 to pull the movable reflection surface 6 to move close to the optical fiber probe 4; when the humidity is reduced, the super shrinkage of the spider traction wire 5 is weakened, the tension is reduced, the tension of the micro spring 7 cannot be overcome, and the movable reflecting surface 6 moves away from the optical fiber probe 4 under the action of the tension of the micro spring 7; and the spider dragline wire can shrink 50% of the axial length of the spider dragline wire at most under the high humidity condition, so that the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity is driven to change remarkably.
The test method comprises the following steps:
the Fabry-Perot cavity interference structure sensor is placed in a humidity testing environment, the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity is driven by the super-shrinkage of a spider traction wire to change along with the humidity, and the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity is in a negative correlation relation with the free spectral range of a double-beam interference spectrum measured by a spectrometer; by detecting the change of the size of the free spectral range of the interference spectrum, the change of the humidity of the environment can be detected.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
incident light 11 is incident to the optical fiber circulator through the incident light waveguide and is emitted by the optical fiber probe, because the end surface of the optical fiber probe and the movable reflecting surface form a Fabry-Perot cavity structure, reflected light 12 of the end surface of the optical fiber probe and reflected light 13 of the movable reflecting surface interfere with each other, and interference light 14 is transmitted to the optical detector through the emergent light waveguide of the optical fiber circulator; the optical fiber probe is connected with the movable reflecting surface through the spider traction wire, when the humidity rises to the extent that the traction wire is over-shrunk, the tension generated by the spider wire overcomes the tension of the miniature spring to enable the movable reflecting surface to be close to the optical fiber probe, the length of a Fabry-Perot cavity is reduced, the free spectral range of an interference spectrum is enlarged, and the peak distance of the interference spectrum is specifically shown to be enlarged; when the humidity is reduced, the pulling force generated by the spider silk is reduced to the extent that the pulling force of the miniature spring cannot be overcome, the reflecting surface is moved away from the optical fiber probe, the interference cavity length is increased, the free spectral range of the interference spectrum is reduced, and the peak distance of the interference spectrum is specifically shown to be reduced.
The spider dragline wire 5 has the super-shrinkage characteristic, starts to shrink when the humidity is higher than 70%, and can shrink by 50% of the axial length at most to drive the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity to change remarkably; the generated pulling force can overcome the pulling force of the miniature spring 7 to pull the movable reflecting surface 6 to move close to the optical fiber probe 4, the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity is shortened, and the free spectrum range of the interference spectrum is enlarged; when the humidity is reduced, the super shrinkage of the spider traction wire 5 is weakened, the pulling force is reduced, and the pulling force of the micro spring 7 cannot be overcome, so that the movable reflecting surface 6 moves away from the optical fiber probe 4 under the action of the pulling force of the micro spring 7, the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity is increased, the free spectral range of the interference spectrum is reduced, and the humidity detection can be realized through the optical detector 10.
Examples of the invention are given below with specific numerical values:
(1) In order to cover the free spectral range change interval of the long interference spectrum as far as possible and simultaneously accord with the common communication light source wave band, a broad spectrum light source of 1525 nm-1610 nm is selected;
(2) Selecting an optical fiber circulator with the center wavelength of 1550nm according to the signal light, and using the common single-mode optical fiber for 1550nm communication as an optical fiber probe, an incident optical waveguide and an emergent optical waveguide;
(3) Taking a glass slide rail, taking a ceramic core of an optical fiber connector as an optical fiber fixing piece, and horizontally fixing the optical fiber fixing piece on one side of the slide rail by using ultraviolet curing glue;
(4) Taking a section of single-mode optical fiber, processing a flat optical fiber end face by using an optical fiber cutter, inserting the processed single-mode optical fiber into an optical fiber fixing piece, and fixing the optical fiber and the fixing piece together by using ultraviolet curing glue;
(5) Taking a fixed block made of PDMS as a spring fixing piece, taking a micro spring, and rotatably puncturing one end of the micro spring into the spring fixing piece, wherein the rotatably puncturing depth is about 1cm, and the non-puncturing length left outside is about 8mm; then, fixing the spring fixing piece at the other end of the slide rail by using ultraviolet curing glue;
(6) Coating a small piece of glass with a reflecting film on the surface of the small piece of glass to enhance the light reflectivity, and fixing the surface of the small piece of glass, which is not coated with the film, with the miniature spring by using ultraviolet curing adhesive or hot melt adhesive;
(7) Extracting a certain length of spider haulage wires from a silking device of the new Nephila by using tweezers, connecting one end of each haulage wire with an optical fiber fixing piece by using ultraviolet curing glue, and fixing the other end of each haulage wire with a movable reflecting surface by using the ultraviolet curing glue;
(8) An incident optical waveguide is welded with the port optical fiber (1) of the optical fiber circulator by using an optical fiber welding machine, a single-mode optical fiber used as an optical fiber probe is welded with the port optical fiber (2) of the optical fiber circulator, and an emergent optical waveguide is welded with the port optical fiber (3) of the optical fiber circulator;
(9) Connecting an incident light source with an incident light waveguide, and connecting an emergent light waveguide with an optical detector; when the optical fiber probe works, the light source outputs light to the optical fiber probe to generate a beam of reflected light on the end face of the probe, the probe output light generates a second beam of reflected light after reaching the reflecting surface, the two beams of reflected light have optical path difference related to the distance between the two reflecting surfaces, and a double-beam interference spectrum can be seen on the optical detector; causing the spider silks to undergo hyper-shrinkage when the relative humidity exceeds 70% RH, the distance between the two reflecting surfaces being reduced with increasing humidity so that the free spectral range of the interference spectrum is increased; when the humidity is reduced, the tension of the spider silk is not enough to offset the tension of the miniature spring, and the length of the interference cavity is increased under the tension of the miniature spring, so that the free spectral range of the interference spectrum is reduced, and the humidity sensing in a high humidity range is realized.
In summary, the invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber biosensing, in particular to a Fabry-Perot high humidity sensor based on the super-shrinkage characteristic of a spider haulage wire and a measuring method thereof. The optical fiber sensor comprises an incident light source, an incident optical waveguide, an optical fiber circulator, an optical fiber fixing piece, an optical fiber probe, a spider traction wire, a movable reflecting surface, a sliding rail, a micro spring, a spring fixing piece, an emergent optical waveguide and an optical detector; the optical fiber probe is led out from an output port of the optical fiber circulator and is fixed on the slide rail through an optical fiber fixing piece, the optical fiber fixing piece is connected with one side of the movable reflecting surface through two ends of a spider traction wire respectively, and the other side of the movable reflecting surface is connected with a spring fixing piece fixed on the slide rail through a miniature spring. The invention provides a Fabry-Perot humidity sensor based on spider silk super-shrinkage characteristics and a measuring method thereof. The super-shrinkage characteristic of the spider dragline silk is used for humidity measurement, so that the humidity sensor has the characteristics of good natural degradability, biocompatibility and high sensitivity and response speed under a high humidity condition.
Claims (2)
1. A Fabry-Perot high humidity sensor, characterized by: the optical fiber sensor comprises an incident light source (1), an incident light waveguide (2), an optical fiber circulator (3), an optical fiber probe (4), an optical fiber fixing piece (4-1), a spider traction wire (5), a movable reflecting surface (6), a sliding rail (6-1), a micro spring (7), a spring fixing piece (8), an emergent light waveguide (9) and an optical detector (10), wherein the incident light source (1) is connected with the port (1) of the optical fiber circulator (3) through the incident light waveguide (2), the optical fiber probe (4) is led out from the port (2) of the optical fiber circulator (3) and is fixed on the sliding rail (6-1) through the optical fiber fixing piece (4-1), the spider traction wire (5) is arranged between the optical fiber fixing piece (4-1) and one side of the movable reflecting surface (6), and the other side of the movable reflecting surface (6) is connected with the spring fixing piece (8) fixed on the sliding rail (6-1) through the micro spring (7); the optical detector (10) is connected with the port (3) of the optical fiber circulator through an emergent optical waveguide (9); the end face of the optical fiber probe (4) and the movable reflecting surface (6) form a Fabry-Perot interference cavity, one part of emergent light is reflected on the end face of the optical fiber probe (4), the other part of emergent light is emitted by the optical fiber probe (4), then reflected on the movable reflecting surface (6) and reflected back to the optical fiber probe (4), two beams of reflected light are interfered, and the optical detector (10) monitors and obtains an interference spectrum; the spider drawing wire (5) has a super-shrinkage characteristic, starts to shrink when the humidity is higher than 70%, and overcomes the pulling force of the micro spring (7) to pull the movable reflecting surface (6) to move close to the optical fiber probe (4); when the humidity is reduced, the super shrinkage of the spider traction wire (5) is weakened, the tension is reduced, the tension of the micro spring (7) cannot be overcome, and the movable reflection surface (6) moves away from the optical fiber probe (4) under the action of the tension of the micro spring (7); and the spider drags the silk and can produce the shrink of its own 50% axial length at most under the high humidity condition, drives fabry perot chamber's length to take place the obvious change.
2. The method of measuring a fabry-perot high humidity sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps that a Fabry-Perot high-humidity sensor is placed in a humidity testing environment, the length of a Fabry-Perot cavity is driven by the super-shrinkage of a spider traction wire to change along with humidity, and the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity is in a negative correlation relation with the free spectral range of a double-beam interference spectrum measured by a spectrometer; and measuring the change of the humidity of the environment by detecting the change of the free spectral range of the interference spectrum.
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| CA2074289C (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1999-09-14 | Claude Belleville | Fabry-perot optical sensing device for measuring a physical parameter |
| US20110297904A1 (en) * | 2008-05-02 | 2011-12-08 | The University Of Akron | Humidity responsive materials and systems and methods using humidity responsive materials |
| CN101776595B (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2012-02-08 | 武汉理工大学 | Manufacture method of optical fiber humidity sensor based on Fabry-Perot interference |
| KR101317420B1 (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2013-10-10 | 한국과학기술원 | High Molecular Weight Recombinant Silk or Silk-like Proteins and Micro or Nano-spider Silk or Silk-like Fibres Manufactured by Using the Same |
| CN104949698B (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2017-08-15 | 苏州光蓝信息技术有限公司 | A kind of radial pipe network monitoring method |
| WO2019120472A1 (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-27 | Universität Stuttgart | Interferometer with a schwarzschild objective, in particular for spectral interferometry |
| CN109142277B (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2021-05-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Optical fiber humidity sensor combined with spider egg-wrapped silk and manufacturing method |
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