CN111829912A - Four-ball friction tester wear mark measuring method - Google Patents
Four-ball friction tester wear mark measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111829912A CN111829912A CN201910321417.0A CN201910321417A CN111829912A CN 111829912 A CN111829912 A CN 111829912A CN 201910321417 A CN201910321417 A CN 201910321417A CN 111829912 A CN111829912 A CN 111829912A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a four-ball friction tester wear scar measuring method, which comprises the steps of deducing a wear scar size b value formula according to a triangular relation, detecting trace indentation deformation a generated when a steel ball is pressed by using a displacement sensor or a deformation detection tool, substituting data calibrated by a software background comparison device into the b value formula, automatically judging the wear scar size b, and inquiring a standard Pb table according to the b value to obtain a corresponding oil film strength Pb value; according to the four-ball friction tester wear mark measuring method, based on the principle that the theoretical diameter of the circular contact area generated by elastic deformation is basically consistent with the static load, the sensor is indirectly used for measuring, the oil film strength value is quickly locked, the complicated step of taking off an oil box to measure the wear mark is avoided, the time is greatly saved, the automation level of the detection technology is improved, the measurement precision and the working efficiency are improved, the labor and the material waste are saved, and the domestic and international competitiveness of products is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction and wear detection, in particular to a four-ball friction tester wear mark measuring method.
Background
The four-ball method is an accepted effective method for evaluating the oil film strength (Pb value) of lubricating oil, but in an experiment, an oil box needs to be taken off and placed on a microscope base to be observed each time, whether the measurement reaches a critical point or not is measured, each kind of lubricating oil basically needs to be repeatedly measured and observed, the process is complicated, a large amount of time and energy are consumed, and artificial observation errors exist in each measurement. Therefore, the four-ball friction tester wear mark measuring method provided by the invention indirectly adopts the sensor for measurement, avoids the complicated step of taking off the oil box to measure the wear mark, improves the measurement precision and the reliability, can quickly lock the oil film strength value (Pb value), greatly saves the time and improves the automation level of the detection technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a four-ball friction tester wear scar measuring method which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a four-ball friction tester wear mark measuring method comprises the following steps:
step S1, performing a four-ball friction test, fixing three standard steel balls below a test head as a bearing part, applying load to the upper standard steel ball through a transmission device, and operating at a set temperature, a set rotating speed and a set load;
step S2, detecting trace deformation of an indentation generated when the steel ball is pressed by using a displacement sensor or a deformation detection tool, namely the center displacement a of the upper rotating ball;
step S3, because the deformation quantity and the abrasion spot size are in linear corresponding relation, according to the principle that the static abrasion spots formed under different pressures basically coincide with the abrasion spot diameter trend described by the Hertz curve, the size of the abrasion spot is automatically judged by comparing the calibrated data of the device, namely the value a, through a software background, and the calculation method is as follows:
after the four-ball friction test is finished, the four balls are cut into sections along the center of the upper rotating ball, the center of the contact point and the center of any lower ball;
connecting the center of the upper rotating ball, the center of the contact point and the edge of the grinding spot to form a triangle, and obtaining a formula according to the relation of the triangle:
the center of the upper rotary ball and any center of the lower ball after the section are connected are taken as the hypotenuses of a right triangle, the plane where the three centers are located is the horizontal plane, the height line between the center of the upper rotary ball and the center of the lower ball is connected with the horizontal line between the center of the upper rotary ball and the center of the lower ball to form the right triangle, and the formula is obtained according to the relation of the triangle:
7.3322+(10.37-a)2＝c2②
and (4) combining the formula (I) to derive a formula:
substituting the value a measured in the step S2 into a formula III to calculate the value b of the wear scar diameter;
and step S4, inquiring a standard Pb table according to the b value to obtain a corresponding oil film strength Pb value.
Preferably, in step S3, c is a center distance between the center of the upper ball and the center of any lower ball after the friction test.
Preferably, in the step S3, in deriving the b-value formula, the height distance between the center of the upper spin ball and any one of the center of the lower spin ball, and the horizontal distance between the center of the upper spin ball and any one of the center of the lower spin ball are measured in advance.
Preferably, the height distance between the center of the upper rotating ball and the center of any lower ball, and the horizontal distance between the center of the upper rotating ball and the center of any lower ball are calculated according to the center positions of the following three steel balls and the upper rotating ball.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the principle that the theoretical diameter of the circular contact area generated by elastic deformation basically coincides with the static load, the method for measuring the abrasion spots of the four-ball friction testing machine indirectly adopts the sensor for measurement, quickly locks the oil film strength value (Pb value), avoids the complicated step of taking off an oil box for measuring the abrasion spots, greatly saves time, improves the automation level of the detection technology, improves the measurement precision and the work efficiency, saves labor and energy and the waste of materials, and further improves the domestic and international competitiveness of products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a four-ball friction working diagram of a four-ball friction testing machine wear scar measuring method according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a cross section of a four-ball rotating ball center, a contact point center and any lower ball center of the four-ball friction tester according to the four-ball friction tester wear scar measuring method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a four-ball friction tester wear mark measuring method according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of abrasion-load curve of the four-ball friction tester wear-out measurement method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a four-ball friction tester wear scar measuring method comprises the following method steps:
step S1, performing a four-ball friction test, fixing three standard steel balls below a test head as a bearing part, applying load to the upper standard steel ball through a transmission device, and operating at a set temperature, a set rotating speed and a set load;
s2, detecting trace deformation of an indentation generated when the steel ball is pressed by using a displacement sensor or a deformation detection tool with the model number being LWF-100-V1, namely the ball center displacement a of the upper rotating ball;
step S3, because the deformation amount and the wear scar size are in a linear corresponding relationship, according to the principle that the static wear scar formed under different pressures is basically consistent with the wear scar diameter trend described by the hertzian curve, as shown in fig. 4, the wear scar size is automatically judged by using but not limited to HTMS V series measurement and control software background comparison equipment calibrated data, namely, the value a, and the calculation method is as follows:
after the four-ball friction test is finished, the four balls are cut into sections along the center of the upper rotating ball, the center of the contact point and the center of any lower ball;
connecting the center of the upper rotating sphere, the center of the contact point and the edge of the grinding spot to form a triangle, and obtaining a formula according to the relation of the triangle as shown in FIG. 2:
the center of the upper rotary sphere and any center of the lower sphere after the section are connected are taken as the hypotenuses of a right triangle, the plane where the three centers are located is the horizontal plane, and the height line between the center of the upper rotary sphere and the center of the lower sphere is connected with the horizontal line between the center of the upper rotary sphere and the center of the lower sphere to form a right triangle, as shown in fig. 2, the formula is obtained according to the relation of the triangle:
7.3322+(10.37-a)2＝c2②
and (4) combining the formula (I) to derive a formula:
substituting the value a measured in the step S2 into a formula III to calculate the value b of the wear scar diameter;
and step S4, inquiring a standard Pb table according to the b value to obtain a corresponding oil film strength Pb value.
In step S3, c is the center distance between the center of the upper ball and the center of any lower ball after the friction test.
In step S3, in deriving the b-value formula, the height distance between the center of the upper spin ball and any one of the lower ball centers, and the horizontal distance between the center of the upper spin ball and any one of the lower ball centers are measured in advance.
The height distance between the center of the upper rotating ball and the center of any lower ball and the horizontal distance between the center of the upper rotating ball and the center of any lower ball are calculated according to the center positions of the following three steel balls and the upper rotating ball.
Table 1 shows the main technical parameters in example 1 and example 2:
| serial number | Name of item | Technical index |
| 1 | Nominal diameter (mm) of standard steel ball for special purpose | Φ12.700 |
| 2 | Height distance (mm) between upper and lower ball centers in initial state | 10.370 |
| 3 | Horizontal distance (mm) of upper and lower ball centers in initial state | 7.332 |
The four-ball friction tester wear mark measuring method includes fitting Hertz curve based on the wear mark of four-ball static pressure, matching the wear mark with the Hertz curve before the oil film strength reaches the critical point, generating different micro deformation under certain pressure while bearing the four balls, forming one indentation round mark in the contact point, monitoring the micro deformation of the whole bearing system, and comparing and calibrating to obtain the basic size of the wear mark so as to measure the size of the wear mark.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. The four-ball friction tester wear mark measuring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, performing a four-ball friction test, fixing three standard steel balls below a test head as a bearing part, applying load to the upper standard steel ball through a transmission device, and operating at a set temperature, a set rotating speed and a set load;
step S2, detecting trace deformation of an indentation generated when the steel ball is pressed by using a displacement sensor or a deformation detection tool, namely the center displacement a of the upper rotating ball;
step S3, because the deformation quantity and the abrasion spot size are in linear corresponding relation, according to the principle that the static abrasion spots formed under different pressures basically coincide with the abrasion spot diameter trend described by the Hertz curve, the size of the abrasion spot is automatically judged by comparing the calibrated data of the device, namely the value a, through a software background, and the calculation method is as follows:
after the four-ball friction test is finished, the four balls are cut into sections along the center of the upper rotating ball, the center of the contact point and the center of any lower ball;
connecting the center of the upper rotating ball, the center of the contact point and the edge of the grinding spot to form a triangle, and obtaining a formula according to the relation of the triangle:
the center of the upper rotary ball and any center of the lower ball after the section are connected are taken as the hypotenuses of a right triangle, the plane where the three centers are located is the horizontal plane, the height line between the center of the upper rotary ball and the center of the lower ball is connected with the horizontal line between the center of the upper rotary ball and the center of the lower ball to form the right triangle, and the formula is obtained according to the relation of the triangle:
7.3322+(10.37-a)2＝c2②
and (4) combining the formula (I) to derive a formula:
substituting the value a measured in the step S2 into a formula III to calculate the value b of the wear scar diameter;
and step S4, inquiring a standard Pb table according to the b value to obtain a corresponding oil film strength Pb value.
2. The method for measuring the abrasion mark of a four-ball friction tester according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, c is the center distance between the center of the upper ball and the center of any lower ball after the friction test.
3. The four-ball friction tester wear scar measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S3, in deriving the b-value formula, the height distance between the center of the upper rotary ball and any one of the centers of the lower balls and the horizontal distance between the center of the upper rotary ball and any one of the centers of the lower balls are measured in advance.
4. The method for measuring the grinding spot of the four-ball friction tester according to claim 3, wherein the height distance between the centers of the upper and lower balls and the horizontal distance between the centers of the upper and lower balls are calculated according to the center positions of the three steel balls and the upper ball.
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| CN201910321417.0A CN111829912A (en) | 2019-04-22 | 2019-04-22 | Four-ball friction tester wear mark measuring method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112541894A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-23 | 无锡雷德环保设备有限公司 | Product deformation detection method |
| CN114018804A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-08 | 青岛索孚润化工科技有限公司 | Device and method for rapidly testing friction coefficient of drilling fluid and application |
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2019
- 2019-04-22 CN CN201910321417.0A patent/CN111829912A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112541894A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-23 | 无锡雷德环保设备有限公司 | Product deformation detection method |
| CN112541894B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2023-12-08 | 无锡雷德环保设备有限公司 | Product deformation detection method |
| CN114018804A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-08 | 青岛索孚润化工科技有限公司 | Device and method for rapidly testing friction coefficient of drilling fluid and application |
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