CN111828987A - Switchable urea-concentrated solution spraying system and method for garbage incinerator - Google Patents
Switchable urea-concentrated solution spraying system and method for garbage incinerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111828987A CN111828987A CN202010656742.5A CN202010656742A CN111828987A CN 111828987 A CN111828987 A CN 111828987A CN 202010656742 A CN202010656742 A CN 202010656742A CN 111828987 A CN111828987 A CN 111828987A
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 192
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 65
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000149 chemical water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 flue gas nitrogen oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium vanadium Chemical compound [Ti].[V] GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a switchable urea-concentrated solution spraying system for a garbage incinerator, which comprises an upper urea spray gun layer, a middle urea spray gun layer and a lower urea spray gun layer which are distributed from top to bottom, wherein the urea spray gun layers are arranged at intervals in a first flue of the garbage incinerator along the flow direction of flue gas, and each urea spray gun layer comprises a plurality of urea atomizing spray guns; a first concentrated solution spray gun is arranged on the upper air layer area of a secondary air spraying point of the garbage incinerator between the middle urea spray gun layer and the lower urea spray gun layer, and a second concentrated solution spray gun is arranged on the side wall of the lower urea spray gun layer, which is located at the secondary air spraying intersection of the garbage incinerator and close to the lower side. The invention can spray the membrane-post concentrated solution of the garbage percolate into the first flue through the concentrated solution spray gun, and the first concentrated solution spray gun and the second concentrated solution spray gun are switched to use according to the temperature of the incinerator. By adopting the device and the method, the denitration efficiency of the waste incineration flue gas is improved, and the operation cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of waste incineration, and particularly relates to a switchable urea-concentrated solution spraying system and method for a waste incinerator.
Background
Nitrogen oxides are one of the main gaseous pollutants in the waste incineration process, and are derived from the thermal decomposition and oxidation of nitrogen-containing compounds in the waste and the high-temperature oxidation of nitrogen in the air. Nitrogen oxides can form toxic photochemical smog when being afraid of entering the atmosphere, and also damage the ozone layer and participate in acid rain formation. Therefore, nitrogen oxides generated in the waste incineration process must be controlled and can be discharged after meeting relevant discharge standards. At present, the emission of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas of most waste incineration power plants in China executes the European Union 2000 emission standard. In order to meet the requirement of the European Union 2000 emission standard, in a waste incineration power plant, the flue gas denitration process combining denitration in an SNCR furnace and denitration by SCR is adopted for controlling nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. The denitration in the SNCR furnace is to spray ammonia water or urea solution into a first flue of the waste incineration boiler, reduce nitrogen oxides in flue gas by utilizing the reducibility of ammonia or urea, and the nitrogen oxides are subjected to reduction reaction to generate harmless nitrogen and then discharged, so that the aim of denitration is fulfilled. Because the use safety of urea is higher than that of ammonia water, urea is used as an SNCR denitration reducing agent in a waste incineration power plant in many cases. Because the SNCR denitration efficiency in the industry can only reach 30% -50%, in order to meet the current increasingly strict flue gas emission standard, the SCR denitration technology is also needed to further remove nitrogen oxides in flue gas. The SCR process is arranged behind a bag-type dust collector, an expensive vanadium-titanium rare metal catalyst is needed to be used in an SCR reactor, the reaction temperature is generally 200-230 ℃, however, the temperature of the flue gas passing through the bag-type dust collector is only about 150 ℃, the flue gas needs to be heated to 200-230 ℃ before entering the SCR reactor, and the SCR denitration reaction can be carried out. Therefore, the SCR process is very expensive to operate, and the SCR process of many waste incineration power plants is only a standby supplementary measure. If proper measures can be taken to reduce the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas or improve the denitration efficiency in the SNCR furnace in the waste incineration process, the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas can be ensured to meet the requirement of emission standard without a subsequent SCR denitration process, and the operation cost of flue gas denitration can be greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a switchable urea-concentrated solution spraying system and a switchable urea-concentrated solution spraying method for a garbage incinerator, so that the denitration efficiency of garbage incineration flue gas is improved, and the operation cost of flue gas denitration is reduced.
The technical content of the invention is as follows:
a switchable urea-concentrated solution injection system for a garbage incinerator comprises an upper urea spray gun layer, a middle urea spray gun layer and a lower urea spray gun layer which are distributed from top to bottom, wherein the urea spray gun layers are arranged in a first flue of the garbage incinerator at intervals along the flowing direction of flue gas, and each urea spray gun layer comprises a plurality of urea atomizing spray guns;
the device comprises a middle-layer urea spray gun layer, a lower-layer urea spray gun layer, a first concentrated solution spray gun, a second concentrated solution spray gun and a second concentrated solution spray gun, wherein the first concentrated solution spray gun is arranged in an upper air layer area of a secondary air spraying point of the garbage incinerator between the middle-layer urea spray gun layer and the lower-layer urea spray gun layer, the second concentrated solution spray gun is arranged at a side wall, close to the lower side, of a secondary air spraying intersection of the garbage incinerator, the concentrated solution spray gun can spray a film-back concentrated solution of garbage leachate into a first flue, and the first concentrated.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first concentrated solution spray gun is arranged in the middle between the middle urea spray gun layer and the lower urea spray gun layer.
In one embodiment of the invention, the upper urea spray gun layer and the middle urea spray gun layer are arranged at the middle upper part of the first flue, the lower urea spray gun layer is arranged at the middle lower part of the first flue, and the distance between the middle urea spray gun layer and the lower urea spray gun layer is more than twice of the distance between the upper urea spray gun layer and the middle urea spray gun layer.
Further, the ratio of the distance between the middle urea spray gun layer and the lower urea spray gun layer to the distance between the upper urea spray gun layer and the middle urea spray gun layer is 5: 2.
in one embodiment of the invention, the number of spray guns of the upper urea spray gun layer is smaller than that of the spray guns of the other spray gun layers. Furthermore, the number of spray guns of the middle urea spray gun layer and the lower urea spray gun layer is equal; the number of the spray guns of the upper urea spray gun layer is 2/3 of the number of the middle urea spray gun layer.
In one embodiment of the invention, the spray guns of the spray gun layers which are arranged adjacently above and below are staggered.
In one embodiment of the invention, each spray gun is provided with an independent electric valve to realize the opening and closing of each spray gun.
The invention also provides a urea-concentrated solution switching and spraying method in the waste incinerator, which utilizes the switchable urea-concentrated solution spraying system to start a second concentrated solution spray gun when the temperature of the waste incinerator hearth reaches or is higher than 1100 ℃, and at the moment, the first concentrated solution spray gun is closed; and when the temperature of the garbage incineration hearth is lower than 1100 ℃, starting the first concentrated solution spray gun, and closing the second concentrated solution spray gun.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that: 1) the relative positions of the urea injection point playing a role in SNCR denitration and the concentrated solution injection point playing a role in assisting in flue gas denitration can be switched, so that operating personnel of a waste incineration plant can more flexibly adjust the operating conditions of a urea spray gun and a concentrated solution spray gun according to the operating conditions of an incineration system, the denitration efficiency of waste incineration flue gas is improved, the consumption of urea for flue gas denitration can be saved, and the requirement that nitrogen oxides in the flue gas meet the emission standard can be ensured without a subsequent SCR denitration process; 2) only three urea spray gun layers are adopted and reasonably distributed to improve the denitration efficiency; by increasing the distance between the urea spray gun layers close to the flowing upstream of the flue gas, the mixing residence time of the urea and the flue gas at the sections of the urea spray guns of the middle layer and the lower layer is prolonged, the SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitration efficiency of the flue gas is improved, and the consumption of the urea for flue gas denitration can be saved; by reducing the number of the spray guns on the upper urea spray gun layer, the urea spraying distribution proportion of the upper urea spray gun is reduced under the condition that the urea amount sprayed into the incinerator is certain, so that ammonia escape is reduced, and a small part of escape ammonia generated by pyrolysis of urea sprayed by the upper urea spray gun is prevented from corroding a subsequent second flue under the drive of flue gas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the attached drawings illustrate that 1 is an upper urea spray gun layer, 2 is a middle urea spray gun layer, 3 is a lower urea spray gun layer, 4 is a first concentrated solution spray gun, 5 is a second concentrated solution spray gun, 6 is a first flue, and 7 is an incineration furnace chamber.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, a switchable urea-concentrated solution injection system for a waste incinerator comprises an upper urea spray gun layer 1, a middle urea spray gun layer 2 and a lower urea spray gun layer 3 which are distributed from top to bottom, wherein the urea spray gun layers are arranged at intervals in a first flue 6 of a waste incineration boiler along the flow direction of flue gas, and each urea spray gun layer comprises a plurality of urea atomization spray guns;
wherein, be located the garbage incinerator overgrate air and spout the upper wind layer region of point and be provided with first concentrate spray gun 4 between middle level urea spray gun layer 2 and lower floor urea spray gun layer 3, lower floor urea spray gun layer 3 is provided with second concentrate spray gun 5 by burning 5 side positions of furnace in the side wall department that the garbage incinerator overgrate air spouts the junction, can spout the concentrated solution behind the membrane of landfill leachate in to first flue 6 through the concentrated solution spray gun, first concentrate spray gun 4 and the changeable use of second concentrate spray gun 5.
Garbage leachate is generated by garbage fermentation in a garbage storage pit of a garbage incineration power plant. A plurality of waste incineration power plants are matched with a waste leachate treatment station, and the waste leachate is treated by adopting the more mainstream pretreatment + anaerobism + MBR + NF/RO process in the industry. The NF/RO process unit is a membrane separation process, and can generate about 20-30% of membrane post-concentration liquid. The concentrated solution contains a large amount of organic matters and salt which are difficult to biochemically degrade and can not biochemically degrade, and the biodegradability is very poor; especially RO concentrates, contain high concentrations of monovalent salts in addition to high concentrations of organic contaminants. Therefore, the treatment difficulty of the membrane concentrated solution (hereinafter referred to as concentrated solution) of the landfill leachate is high. The method for properly spraying the concentrated solution after the decrement of the high-pressure membrane to the waste incineration hearth for high-temperature oxidation treatment and digestion has the advantages of simple process, small one-time investment, low operation and maintenance cost and thorough harmless treatment effect on the concentrated solution. More importantly, the concentrated solution is sprayed back to the waste incineration furnace chamber by adopting a proper back spraying method, so that the concentrated solution of the waste incineration power plant can be completely consumed, the zero emission of the concentrated solution is realized, and more importantly, the concentrated solution is sprayed back to the waste incineration furnace chamber, so that the SNCR denitration efficiency can be improved, and the emission concentration of nitrogen oxides at the outlet of the waste heat boiler can be reduced. According to the invention, two concentrated solution injection points are arranged, and the operation is switched according to the temperature of the hearth, so that the optimal adjusting effect is achieved.
This embodiment also provides a switchable urea-concentrate injection system, as shown in fig. 1, for a waste incinerator. The switchable urea-concentrated solution spraying method comprises the following specific steps: when the temperature of the waste incineration hearth reaches or is higher than 1100 ℃, starting a second concentrated solution spray gun, and closing the first concentrated solution spray gun at the moment; and when the temperature of the garbage incineration hearth is lower than 1100 ℃, starting the first concentrated solution spray gun, and closing the second concentrated solution spray gun. The principle of the invention is as follows: when the temperature of the hearth is higher than 1100 ℃, along with the rise of the temperature of the hearth, the thermal type fuel type nitrogen oxide is increased, the generation of the thermal type nitrogen oxide is accelerated, the concentration of the nitrogen oxide in the flue gas at the outlet of the waste incineration waste heat boiler is increased, and the consumption of the flue gas denitration urea is increased. The SNCR flue gas denitration optimum reaction temperature using urea as a reducing agent in the incinerator is 900-1000 ℃, the concentrated solution is properly sprayed, so that the high-temperature flue gas in the hearth can be uniformly cooled, the flue gas temperature can be uniformly regulated to be below 1100 ℃, the flow field distribution and the temperature field distribution of thermal fuel type nitrogen oxides can be promoted to be inhibited, the source generation amount of the flue gas nitrogen oxides in the waste incineration process is reduced, and the flue gas denitration efficiency is improved; in addition, because the concentrated solution contains high-concentration organic matters which have reducibility, the concentrated solution is sprayed back to a high-temperature flame area of the waste incineration furnace, the organic matters can exert reducibility to reduce nitrogen oxides in part of flue gas under the high-temperature condition, and the consumption of urea for flue gas denitration of a waste incineration power plant is saved.
In conclusion, the operation condition of the waste incineration system can be optimized by properly spraying the concentrated solution into the waste incineration hearth, the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in waste incineration flue gas is reduced from the source, the flue gas denitration efficiency in the SNCR furnace is improved, the concentration of the nitrogen oxides at the outlet of the waste incineration waste heat boiler is finally reduced, the requirement that the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas meet the emission standard can be ensured without a subsequent SCR denitration process, and the operation cost of flue gas denitration can be greatly reduced.
When the central temperature of the garbage incineration hearth is lower than 1100 ℃, the first concentrated solution spray gun is started, and the second concentrated solution spray gun is closed. If the second concentrated solution spray gun is started, the temperature of the urea spray gun at the middle and lower layers can be reduced by spraying the concentrated solution, and the temperature can be reduced to the lower limit of the optimal temperature field to be unfavorable for the denitration reaction; the concentrated solution is sprayed by the first concentrated solution spray gun, so that the influence on the central temperature of the waste incineration hearth is small, and the temperature of the urea spray gun layer from the middle layer to the lower layer is in a temperature field range which is favorable for denitration reaction and can inhibit the generation of thermal fuel type nitrogen oxides. Therefore, the device and the method of the invention realize that the relative positions of the urea injection point playing the SNCR denitration role and the concentrated solution injection point playing the auxiliary role in flue gas denitration can be switched, thereby being convenient for operating personnel of a waste incineration plant to more flexibly adjust the operation working conditions of the urea spray gun and the concentrated solution spray gun according to the operation condition of an incineration system, improving the denitration efficiency of waste incineration flue gas and saving the consumption of urea for flue gas denitration.
In one embodiment, the first concentrate lance is disposed intermediate the middle and lower urea lance layers.
In one embodiment, the upper urea spray gun layer and the middle urea spray gun layer are arranged at the middle upper part of the first flue, the lower urea spray gun layer is arranged at the middle lower part of the first flue, and the distance between the middle urea spray gun layer and the lower urea spray gun layer is more than twice of the distance between the upper urea spray gun layer and the middle urea spray gun layer. Further, the ratio of the distance between the middle urea spray gun layer and the lower urea spray gun layer to the distance between the upper urea spray gun layer and the middle urea spray gun layer is 5: 2. the invention adopts three urea spray gun layers which are reasonably distributed to improve the denitration efficiency. The principle is as follows: the installation elevation of the middle urea spray gun layer 2 is properly raised, the proportion of the distance between the lower urea spray gun layer and the middle urea spray gun layer and the distance between the middle urea spray gun layer and the upper urea spray gun layer is increased, the optimum SNCR denitration reaction temperature field adopting urea as a reducing agent is 900-1000 ℃, the injection section temperatures of the middle urea spray gun layer and the lower urea spray gun layer are in the temperature field, and the temperature field is more favorable for denitration reaction. The urea-flue gas denitration device prolongs the mixing residence time of urea and flue gas at the section of the lower urea spray gun layer and the middle urea spray gun layer, improves the SNCR denitration efficiency of the flue gas, and can save the consumption of the urea for flue gas denitration.
In one embodiment, the upper urea spray gun layer has a smaller number of spray guns than the other spray gun layers. Furthermore, the number of spray guns of the middle urea spray gun layer and the lower urea spray gun layer is equal; the number of spray guns of the upper urea spray gun layer is 2/3 of the number of the middle urea spray gun layer. The urea layered injection system is arranged in a first flue of the waste incineration boiler, the flow direction of flue gas is from bottom to top, and the temperature of the flue gas is gradually reduced from bottom to top. For middle level and lower floor, the injection section department temperature on upper urea spray gun layer is the lowest, is close SNCR denitration reaction optimum reaction temperature field lower limit, and SNCR denitration efficiency is cut down to some extent, and the ammonia that urea decomposes the production can flow into the second flue under the drive of flue gas stream, therefore the mixing of upper urea spray gun injection section department and flue gas urea and flue gas of traditional urea layering injection system stops for a short time and easily takes place ammonia escape, the meeting ammonia that escapes corrodes follow-up second flue under the drive of flue gas. Through the spray gun quantity that reduces upper urea spray gun layer, set up like this and to make and spout the certain circumstances of urea volume in the incinerator under, reduce the urea of upper urea spray gun and spout the distribution proportion, and then reduced ammonia escape, avoided the follow-up second flue of small part escape ammonia corruption under the flue gas drive of the urea pyrolysis production that upper urea spray gun sprays.
In one embodiment, the lances of adjacent lance tiers are staggered. For example, the arrangement position of each spray gun of the middle urea spray gun layer is positioned on the perpendicular bisector of the adjacent spray gun of the lower urea spray gun layer, so that the spray guns can cover the whole range of the flue gas as much as possible, and dead angles are avoided.
In one embodiment, each spray gun has an independent electric valve to realize the opening and closing of each spray gun. Can realize that each spray gun layer urea flow distribution proportion is adjustable, the waste incineration plant operation personnel of being convenient for can more adjust urea spray gun operation condition according to burning the system operation condition in a flexible way to improve the SNCR denitration efficiency of waste incineration flue gas, and can save the consumption of urea for the flue gas denitration.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A switchable urea-concentrate injection system for a waste incinerator, comprising: the urea spraying gun comprises an upper urea spraying gun layer, a middle urea spraying gun layer and a lower urea spraying gun layer which are distributed from top to bottom, the urea spraying gun layers are arranged at intervals in a first flue of the garbage incinerator along the flowing direction of flue gas, and each urea spraying gun layer comprises a plurality of urea atomizing spraying guns;
the device comprises a middle-layer urea spray gun layer, a lower-layer urea spray gun layer, a first concentrated solution spray gun, a second concentrated solution spray gun and a second concentrated solution spray gun, wherein the first concentrated solution spray gun is arranged in an upper air layer area of a secondary air spraying point of the garbage incinerator between the middle-layer urea spray gun layer and the lower-layer urea spray gun layer, the second concentrated solution spray gun is arranged at a side wall, close to the lower side, of a secondary air spraying intersection of the garbage incinerator, the concentrated solution spray gun can spray a film-back concentrated solution of garbage leachate into a first flue, and the first concentrated.
2. The switchable urea-concentrate injection system for a waste incinerator of claim 1, wherein: the first concentrated solution spray gun is arranged in the middle between the middle urea spray gun layer and the lower urea spray gun layer.
3. The switchable urea-concentrate injection system for a waste incinerator of claim 1, wherein: the upper urea spray gun layer and the middle urea spray gun layer are arranged on the middle upper portion of the first flue, the lower urea spray gun layer is arranged on the middle lower portion of the first flue, and the distance between the middle urea spray gun layer and the lower urea spray gun layer is larger than twice of the distance between the upper urea spray gun layer and the middle urea spray gun layer.
4. The switchable urea-concentrate injection system for a waste incinerator according to claim 3, characterised in that: the ratio of the distance between the middle-layer urea spray gun layer and the lower-layer urea spray gun layer to the distance between the upper-layer urea spray gun layer and the middle-layer urea spray gun layer is 5: 2.
5. the switchable urea-concentrate injection system for a waste incinerator of claim 1, wherein: the number of spray guns of the upper urea spray gun layer is smaller than that of the spray guns of other spray gun layers.
6. The switchable urea-concentrate injection system for a waste incinerator according to claim 5, characterised in that: the number of the spray guns of the middle urea spray gun layer and the lower urea spray gun layer is equal; the number of the spray guns of the upper urea spray gun layer is 2/3 of the number of the middle urea spray gun layer.
7. The switchable urea-concentrate injection system for a waste incinerator of claim 1, wherein: the spray guns of the spray gun layers which are adjacently arranged up and down are arranged in a staggered way.
8. The switchable urea-concentrate injection system for a waste incinerator of claim 1, wherein: each spray gun is provided with an independent electric valve to realize the opening and closing of each spray gun.
9. A method for switching and spraying urea-concentrated solution in a waste incinerator is characterized by comprising the following steps: using the switchable urea-concentrate injection system of any of claims 1-8, when the temperature of the waste incineration furnace reaches or exceeds 1100 ℃, the second concentrate injection gun is activated, and the first concentrate injection gun is turned off; and when the temperature of the garbage incineration hearth is lower than 1100 ℃, starting the first concentrated solution spray gun, and closing the second concentrated solution spray gun.
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08103627A (en) * | 1994-10-06 | 1996-04-23 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Noncatalytic denitrator and noncatalytic denitration method |
| FR2900062A1 (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-10-26 | Tredi Sa | Selectively reducing nitrogen oxides in incinerator flue gases, by injecting solid reducing agent, preferably urea, into several points in post-combustion zone |
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| CN110454802A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-15 | 成都市兴蓉再生能源有限公司 | The concentrate for reducing nitrous oxides concentration in furnace enters furnace and returns spray system and return spray method |
| CN212408683U (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2021-01-26 | 成都市兴蓉再生能源有限公司 | Switchable urea-concentrated solution spraying system for garbage incinerator |
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| JPH08103627A (en) * | 1994-10-06 | 1996-04-23 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Noncatalytic denitrator and noncatalytic denitration method |
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| CN105157044A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-16 | 华南理工大学 | Leachate back-spraying denitration device and method for garbage incinerator |
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