CN111828568B - Gear shifting device and vehicle - Google Patents

Gear shifting device and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111828568B
CN111828568B CN201910310530.9A CN201910310530A CN111828568B CN 111828568 B CN111828568 B CN 111828568B CN 201910310530 A CN201910310530 A CN 201910310530A CN 111828568 B CN111828568 B CN 111828568B
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China
Prior art keywords
shifting
gear
disk
disc
component
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CN201910310530.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111828568A (en
Inventor
靳少辉
王崇龙
张川燕
孟静
邢明星
沈亚苹
李泞原
陈妍妍
张曼
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Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
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Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/70—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • F16H37/0813—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft
    • F16H37/082—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft and additional planetary reduction gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/3023—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H2003/447—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion without permanent connection between the set of orbital gears and the output
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H2063/3089—Spring assisted shift, e.g. springs for accumulating energy of shift movement and release it when clutch teeth are aligned
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/0021—Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0034—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising two forward speeds

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a gear shifting device and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of automobiles. The device comprises a ring gear, a planet carrier, a planetary gear, a first shift component, a second shift component and a first elastic element. One side of ring gear is provided with first disc, and the planet carrier includes the first end of second fixed part is provided with the second disc, and the first end of first part of shifting is provided with the third disc, and the first end of second part of shifting and the second end swing joint of first part of shifting, and the second end of second part of shifting is provided with hydraulic component, and first elastic element is located between the shaft shoulder of first part of shifting and the terminal surface of the first end of second part of shifting. The whole gear shifting process does not need parts such as an oil pump and an air compressor which run independently to be matched for use, so that the space occupied by the whole gear shifting process is small, the gear shifting operation can be realized without multi-stage conversion in the whole gear shifting process, and the device has good responsiveness.

Description

Gear shifting device and vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a gear shifting device and a vehicle.
Background
The power assembly of the new energy automobile mainly comprises a motor and a speed reducer, wherein the speed reducer mainly adopts a non-gear form, a single-gear form and a two-gear form, and a gear shifting device is added behind the speed reducer because the speed reducer in the two-gear form needs to meet the driving conditions of different working conditions.
At present, the gear shifting device mainly comprises an electric control electrohydraulic type, an electric pneumatic type and an electric control electric type. The electric control electrohydraulic type gear shifting device and the electric pneumatic type gear shifting device are controlled by the electric control unit to complete gear shifting work of the speed reducer through the electromagnetic valve, and the electric control electrodynamic type gear shifting work is completed by driving the worm gear through the control motor.
However, the electromagnetic valve included in the electric control electrohydraulic type gear shifting device must be matched with components such as an oil pump and a clutch for use, the electromagnetic valve included in the electro-pneumatic type gear shifting device must be matched with an air compressor and an air pipe for use, wherein the oil pump and the air compressor need to run independently, so that a large space is occupied, and although the space occupied by the electric control electrohydraulic type gear shifting device is small, gear shifting can be achieved only through multi-stage conversion, so that the gear shifting period is too long, and the responsiveness of the device is affected. In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a gear shifting device that does not affect the responsiveness of the device without occupying a large space.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a gear shifting device to solve the problems of large occupied space and poor device responsiveness of the gear shifting device in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a shifting device comprising a ring gear, a planet carrier, a planetary gear, a first shifting component, a second shifting component and a first resilient element;
a first disc is arranged on one side of the gear ring, and an input shaft is arranged on the other side of the gear ring;
the planet carrier comprises a first fixing part and a second fixing part, a second disc is arranged at the first end of the second fixing part, and the second end of the second fixing part is connected with the inner wall of the first fixing part, wherein the second end of the second fixing part is the end of the second fixing part, which is far away from the second disc;
the planetary gear is connected to the first fixed part and meshed with the gear ring;
the first end of the first shifting component is provided with a third disk, the third disk is connected with the second disk when the first shifting component is in the first position, and the third disk is connected with the first disk when the first shifting component is in the second position, wherein the first end of the first shifting component is one end close to the second disk;
the first end of the second shifting component is movably connected with the second end of the first shifting component, the second end of the second shifting component is provided with a hydraulic element, and the hydraulic element drives the first shifting component to switch between the first position and the second position, wherein the first end of the second shifting component is one end close to the first disk;
the first resilient element is located between the change in outer diameter of the first shift member and an end surface of the first end of the second shift member, the first resilient element being in a compressed state when the first shift member is in the first position.
Further, the third disk comprises a first connecting disk and a second connecting disk;
the first coupling disk and the second disk are coupled when the first shift member is in the first position and the second coupling disk and the first disk are coupled when the first shift member is in the second position.
Further, the first connecting disk and the second connecting disk are spaced apart by a first distance.
Further, the number of the first elastic elements is at least one.
Further, the distance between every two adjacent first elastic elements in the plurality of first elastic elements is equal.
Further, the hydraulic element comprises a marble and a second elastic element;
the second gear shifting component is provided with a cavity, pressure liquid is filled in the cavity, a slide way is formed in the radial direction of the second gear shifting component, the second elastic element is located in the slide way, one end of the second elastic element is connected with the marble, and the other end of the second elastic element is fixed on the side wall of the slide way.
Further, the number of the slideways is greater than or equal to a first value;
the quantity of the second elastic elements is equal to that of the slide ways, and the quantity of the marbles is equal to that of the slide ways.
Further, the distance between every two adjacent slideways in the plurality of slideways is equal.
Further, the input shaft is connected with the motor shaft, and the second gear shifting component is connected with the differential gear.
Compared with the prior art, the gear shifting device has the following advantages:
the gear shifting device of the invention comprises a gear ring, a planet carrier, a planetary gear, a first gear shifting component, a second gear shifting component and a first elastic element; one side of ring gear is provided with first disc, and the planet carrier includes the first end of second fixed part is provided with the second disc, and the first end of first part of shifting is provided with the third disc, and the first end of second part of shifting and the second end swing joint of first part of shifting, and the second end of second part of shifting is provided with hydraulic component, and first elastic element is located between the shaft shoulder of first part of shifting and the terminal surface of the first end of second part of shifting. Wherein, the planet carrier, planetary gear and second disc all are located the inside cavity of first disc, make to connect compactly between each part, and this gearshift switches over the operation of shifting that can realize gearshift between primary importance and second place through the flexible control hydraulic component drive first gear shifting part of first elastic element, whole process does not need parts cooperation of independent operations such as oil pump and air compressor machine to use, the space that makes whole device occupy is less, in addition, whole gear shifting process does not need to realize the operation of shifting through multistage conversion, the gear shift cycle is shorter, device responsiveness is better.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle to solve the problems of large space occupation and poor responsiveness of the shifting device in the prior art.
A vehicle comprising a gear change device according to any one of the above embodiments.
The vehicle and the gear shifting device have the same advantages compared with the prior art, and the detailed description is omitted.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a full cross-sectional view of a shifter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the position of the first shift element during a downshift of the shifting apparatus in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the position of the first shift element in the direct range of the shifting apparatus in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a full cross-sectional view of the first shift member in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a full cross-sectional view of a hydraulic component according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a shifting apparatus and a connecting member thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1-ring gear, 2-planet carrier, 3-planetary gear, 4-first shifting part, 5-second shifting part, 6-first elastic element, 7-first disc, 8-second disc, 9-third disc, 10-hydraulic element, 11-input shaft, 12-motor shaft, 13-differential gear, 201-first fixed part, 202-second fixed part, 901-first connecting disc, 902-second connecting disc, 1001-second elastic element, 1002-marble, 1003-cavity, 1004-slideway.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gear shifting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The shifting device comprises a ring gear 1, a planet carrier 2, a planetary gear 3, a first shifting component 4, a second shifting component 5 and a first elastic element 6; a first disc 7 is arranged on one side of the gear ring 1, and an input shaft 11 is arranged on the other side of the gear ring 1; the planet carrier 2 comprises a first fixing part 201 and a second fixing part 202, a second disc 8 is arranged at a first end of the second fixing part 202, and a second end of the second fixing part 202 is connected with the inner wall of the first fixing part 201, wherein the second end of the second fixing part 202 is the end of the second fixing part 202 far away from the second disc 8; the planetary gear 3 is connected to the first fixed part 201, and the planetary gear 3 is engaged with the ring gear 1; the first end of the first shifting member 4 is provided with a third disc 9, the third disc 9 is connected with the second disc 8 when the first shifting member 4 is in the first position, the third disc 9 is connected with the first disc 7 when the first shifting member 4 is in the second position, wherein the first end of the first shifting member 4 is the end close to the second disc 8; a first end of the second shifting component 5 is movably connected with a second end of the first shifting component 4, a hydraulic element 10 is arranged at the second end of the second shifting component 5, and the hydraulic element 10 drives the first shifting component 4 to switch between a first position and a second position, wherein the first end of the second shifting component 5 is an end close to the first disk 7; the first resilient element 6 is located between a shoulder of the first shift member 4 and an end surface of the first end of the second shift member 5, the first resilient element 6 being in a compressed state when the first shift member 4 is in the first position.
The gear ring 1 is a flywheel gear ring, the gear ring 1 is meshed with the planetary gear 3, and the power transmitted by the input shaft 11 can be transmitted to the planetary gear 3 through the gear ring 1. Parameters such as the modulus, the number of teeth, and the reference circle diameter of the ring gear 1 are determined according to parameters of the planetary gear 3 matched with the ring gear 1, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. The material of the ring gear 1 may be one of 45 steel or 40Cr, so that the ring gear 1 has certain strength and wear resistance. The first disk 7 is located on one side of the ring gear 1, and the ring gear 1 may be directly connected to the first disk 7, and the ring gear 1 may be welded directly to the inner wall of the first disk 7, for example.
The first disk 7 is a solid of revolution having a cavity therein, and the cavity therein can provide sufficient space for mounting other components, thereby providing conditions for compact connection of the respective components. Secondly, one end of the first disk 7 is connected with the input shaft 11, and the middle part of the other end is provided with a through hole, so that the first disk 7 can be conveniently connected with other parts. The disc surface of the end of the first disc 7, where the through hole is formed, may include a plurality of grooves, the number, shape, location and size of which are determined by the protrusions on the part that fits the first disc 7.
The planetary gears 3 meshing with the ring gear 1 are fixed to a carrier 2, and the carrier 2 is one of a double-arm type carrier. The planet carrier 2 includes a first fixed portion 201 and a second fixed portion 202, wherein the first fixed portion 201 may be a solid of revolution with an opening at one end, and the second fixed portion 202 may be a cube or a cylinder. The first end of the second fixing portion 202 may be directly connected to one disc surface of the second disc 8, and the second end of the second fixing portion 202 may be directly connected to the inner wall of the first fixing portion 201, so that the planet carrier 2, the planet gear 3, and the second disc 8 may be located in the cavity inside the first disc 7, and the connection between the components is more compact. It should be noted that the second disc 8 may comprise a plurality of grooves on the other disc surface, and the number, shape, position and size of the grooves are determined according to the protrusions on the part matched with the second disc 8.
The first end of the first shift element 4 passes through the through hole in the middle of one end of the first circular disc 7, the first end of the first shift element 4 can be directly welded with the third circular disc 9, so that the third circular disc 9 becomes a part of the first shift element 4, and the second end of the first shift element 4 can be a stepped shaft.
It should be noted that the third disc 9 disposed at the first end of the first gear shifting component 4 includes a first end surface and a second end surface, the first end surface includes a plurality of protrusions, the plurality of protrusions correspond to the plurality of grooves on the disc surface of the second disc 8 one to one, fig. 2 is a schematic position diagram of the first gear shifting component 4 when the gear shifting device is in a gear reduction state, as shown in fig. 2, when the first gear shifting component 4 is in the first position, the third disc 9 is connected with the second disc 8, that is, the plurality of protrusions on the disc surface of the third disc 9 are all located in the plurality of grooves of the second disc 8. The first position is a position where the first end of the first shifting element 4 is located when the powertrain of the vehicle is in an initial state, and the initial state of the powertrain of the vehicle usually means a state where the vehicle is in a starting state or a low-speed running state. Similarly, the second end face also includes a plurality of protrusions, which correspond one-to-one to the plurality of grooves on the disc face of the first disc 7. Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the position of the first shifting element 4 in the direct gear of the gear shifting device, as shown in fig. 3, when the first shifting element 4 is in the second position, the third disc 9 is connected to the first disc 7, i.e. the protrusions on the face of the third disc 9 are located in the grooves of the first disc 7. Wherein the second position is the position where the first end of the first shift element 4 is located when the vehicle speed of the vehicle increases to a predetermined value. It should be noted that the stroke required for shifting the first shifting element 4 is determined by the thickness of the third disk 9, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
The first end of the second shifting member 5 is movably connected to the second end of the first shifting member 4. for example, the first end of the second shifting member 5 may be a hollow shaft, and the inner diameter of the first end of the second shifting member 5 is larger than the outer diameter of the second end of the first shifting member 4. The first end of the second shifting element 5 can be movably connected to the second end of the first shifting element 4 by splines so that the power transmitted to the first shifting element 4 can be directly transmitted to the second shifting element 5. The second end of the second shift element 5 is provided with a hydraulic element 10, which hydraulic element 10 drives the first shift element 4 between a first position and a second position, wherein the first end of the second shift element 5 is the end close to the first disc 7.
The device further includes a first elastic element 6, and the first elastic element 6 may be one of compression springs, and the specific spring coefficient is determined according to actual requirements, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. The first resilient element 6 is located between the change in the outer diameter of the first shift member 4 and the end surface of the first end of the second shift member 5, and when the first shift member 4 is in the first position, the first resilient element 6 is in a compressed state, such that when the first spring is in a compressed state, the pressure exerted on the first end of the first shift member 4 is equal to the pressure exerted on the second end of the first shift member 4, thereby allowing the first shift member 4 to be in a relatively balanced position.
Compared with the prior art, the gear shifting device has the following advantages:
the shifting device of the invention comprises a ring gear 1, a planet carrier 2, a planetary gear 3, a first shifting component 4, a second shifting component 5 and a first elastic element 6; one side of the ring gear 1 is provided with a first disk 7, a first end of a second fixing portion 202 included by the planet carrier 2 is provided with a second disk 8, a first end of the first gear shifting component 4 is provided with a third disk 9, a first end of the second gear shifting component 5 is movably connected with a second end of the first gear shifting component 4, a second end of the second gear shifting component 5 is provided with a hydraulic element 10, and the first elastic element 6 is located between a shaft shoulder of the first gear shifting component 4 and an end face of the first end of the second gear shifting component 5. Wherein, planet carrier 2, planetary gear 3 and second disc 8 all are located the inside cavity of first disc 7, make to connect compactly between each part, and this gearshift switches over the operation of shifting that can realize gearshift between primary importance and second place through the flexible control hydraulic component 10 drive first gear shifting part 4 of first elastic element 6, whole process does not need parts such as oil pump and air compressor machine to cooperate and uses, the space that makes whole device occupy is less, in addition, whole gear shifting process need not can realize the operation of shifting through multistage conversion, the gear shift cycle is shorter, the device responsiveness is better.
Further, fig. 4 is a full sectional view of the first shifting unit 4 according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the third disk 9 disposed at the first end of the first shifting unit 4 may include a first connecting disk 901 and a second connecting disk 902. A plurality of protrusions corresponding to the plurality of grooves on the disc surface of the second disc 8 one to one may be disposed on the circular surface of the first connecting disc 901 opposite to the second disc 8, and a plurality of protrusions corresponding to the plurality of grooves on the disc surface of the first disc 7 one to one may be disposed on the circular surface of the second connecting disc 902 opposite to the first disc 7. When the first shift element 4 is in the first position, the first and second coupling discs 901, 8 are coupled, i.e. the protrusions on the disc surface of the first coupling disc 901 are located in the grooves of the second disc 8, and when the first shift element 4 is in the second position, the second coupling disc 902 is coupled with the first disc 7, i.e. the protrusions on the disc surface of the second coupling disc 902 are located in the grooves of the first disc 7. Furthermore, the stroke required for shifting the components by the first shifting element 4 can be determined by the distance between the first connecting disk 901 and the second connecting disk 902. Thus, two shifting operations of the shifting apparatus are achieved by the connection of the first and second coupling disks 901 and 8 and the connection of the second coupling disk 902 and the first disk 7.
Further, the first connection disk 901 and the second connection disk 902 are spaced apart by a first distance. The size of the first distance may be determined by the minimum stroke required for shifting the first shifting element 4, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention. Due to the first distance between the first connecting disc 901 and the second connecting disc 902, the stroke of the first shifting element 4 required during shifting is correspondingly reduced, the power required by the first shifting element 4 during shifting is also correspondingly reduced, and therefore a certain energy-saving effect is achieved, and due to the reduction of the stroke of the first shifting element 4 during shifting, the shifting period of the device is also correspondingly reduced, and therefore the responsiveness of the system is enhanced.
Further, fig. 5 is a full sectional view of the hydraulic component according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the hydraulic component 10 includes a ball 1002 and a second elastic component 1001. The second gear shifting component 5 is provided with a cavity 1003, the cavity 1003 is filled with pressure liquid, a slide 1004 is formed in the radial direction of the second gear shifting component 5, the second elastic element 1001 is located in the slide 1004, one end of the second elastic element 1001 is connected with the marble 1002, and the other end of the second elastic element 1001 is fixed on the side wall of the slide 1004. In particular, the second elastic element 1001 may be fixed to the side wall of the slideway by means of an annular fixing. For example, the side wall of the slideway 1004 may be welded with the side wall of the ring-shaped fixing member, and an end face of one end of the ring-shaped fixing member is welded with an end face of the other end of the second elastic element 1001, so that the second elastic element 1001 may be fixed in the slideway 1004. The annular fixing member is a circular ring, and the outer diameter of the circular ring is determined according to the inner diameter of the slide 1004. In the embodiment of the present invention, when the first shift component 4 is in the first position, the second elastic element 1001 is in the natural length, and when the first shift component 4 is in the second position, due to the increase of the vehicle speed, the centrifugal force of the ball 1002 increases, so that the ball 1002 moves along the slide way 1004 toward the edge of the slide way 1004, and the second elastic element elongates, causing the pressure fluid in the cavity 1003 of the second shift component 5 to flow into the slide way 1004, causing the unbalance of the force applied to the two ends of the first shift component 4, and further causing the first shift component 4 to move under the elastic force of the first elastic element 6.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, two ends of the second elastic element may be respectively connected with a marble, and the two ends of the second elastic element may be directly welded with the marbles. Thus, the second elastic element does not need to be fixed inside the slideway, the mounting difficulty of the second elastic element is reduced, and the disassembly of the second elastic element, the marble and the slideway 1004 is facilitated. In the embodiment of the present invention, when the first shift component 4 is in the first position, the ball far from the cavity moves to the first end of the slide way, the first end of the slide way is the end of the slide way far from the cavity, the elastic force and the hydraulic pressure of the second elastic element are balanced, when the first shift component 4 is in the second position, due to the increase of the vehicle speed, the ball near the cavity moves to the first end of the slide way 1004 along the slide way 1004 under the action of the centrifugal force, so that the second elastic element is further compressed, the pressure liquid in the cavity 1003 of the second shift component 5 flows into the slide way 1004, the stress imbalance at the two ends of the first shift component 4 is caused, and the first shift component 4 moves under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic element 6.
Secondly, the pressure fluid involved in this embodiment of the invention may be one of pressure oil, the ball 1002 may be a cylinder, and the diameter of the ball 1002 is determined according to the diameter of the slide 1004. Secondly, the roughness of the surface of the marble 1002 and the roughness of the surface of the slide 1004 are less than or equal to 6.3, the specific roughness is determined according to the processing technology, and the embodiment of the invention does not limit the specific roughness. Because the roughness of the surface of the marble 1002 and the roughness of the surface of the slide 1004 are less than or equal to 6.3, the outer wall of the marble 1002 can be ensured to be matched with the side wall of the slide 1004, hydraulic oil is prevented from flowing out of the slide, and the marble 1002 can slide in the slide 1004. It should be noted that the second elastic element 1001 may be a compression spring, and the specific spring coefficient is determined according to actual requirements, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. It should be added that the number of the slide 1004 may be one or more, and the specific position is determined according to the actual working requirement.
Further, the number of the runners 1004 may be greater than or equal to a first value, the first value may be greater than or equal to 2, and likewise, the number of the second elastic elements 1001 is equal to the number of the runners 1004, and the number of the marbles 1002 is equal to the number of the runners 1004. Thus, the arrangement of the slide ways 1004 can increase the storage amount of the pressure liquid in the slide ways 1004, and further when the vehicle speed is increased, more pressure liquid can flow into the slide ways 1004, so that the change of the hydraulic pressure inside the second gear shifting component 5 is more obvious, and the pressure reduction amount applied to the first gear shifting component 4 by the pressure liquid in the second gear shifting component 5 is more, so that the change of the pressure difference between two ends of the first gear shifting component 4 is more obvious, and further the elastic force of the first elastic element 6 borne by the first gear shifting component 4 is far greater than the pressure of the pressure liquid in the second gear shifting component 5 on the first gear shifting component 4, thereby facilitating the rapid movement of the first gear shifting component 4 and further reducing the gear shifting period. It should be noted that a plurality of ramps 1004 may be distributed along the circumference of the second shift element 5.
Further, the distance between each two adjacent runners 1004 of the plurality of runners 1004 distributed along the circumference of the second shift member 5 is equal. Thus, the plurality of slide ways 1004 can be uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the second gear shifting component 5, the pressure liquid can be uniformly distributed in the plurality of slide ways 1004, the second elastic elements 1001 in each slide way are ensured to be stressed evenly, the fatigue damage of the individual second elastic elements 1001 caused by uneven stress is avoided, and the service life of the hydraulic elements is prolonged.
Further, the number of the first elastic elements 6 is at least one. When the number of the first elastic elements 6 is 1, the first elastic elements 6 can be sleeved on the first shifting unit 4, so that the first elastic elements 6 provide elastic force integrally, and the force application of the first elastic elements 6 is more uniform. When the number of the first elastic elements 6 is greater than 1, the plurality of first elastic elements 6 are all located between the shoulder of the first gear shifting component 4 and the end face of the first end of the second gear shifting component 5, so that the plurality of first elastic elements 6 can provide elastic force together, and the phenomenon that the pressure applied to a single first elastic element 6 is too large, and the structure of the first elastic element 6 is damaged, and the normal operation of the whole gear shifting device is affected is avoided.
Further, the distance between every two adjacent first elastic elements 6 in the plurality of first elastic elements 6 is equal. In this way, the distribution of the elastic forces of the plurality of first elastic elements 6 received by the second end of the first shifting unit 4 can be more uniform, and further, the resultant force of the elastic forces of the plurality of first elastic elements 6 received by the second end of the first shifting unit 4 can be located on the axis of the first shifting unit 4, which is more beneficial to the balance state of the forces received by the two ends of the first shifting unit 4.
Further, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a gear shifting device and a connecting member thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, an input shaft 11 in any of the above embodiments of the present invention may be connected with a motor shaft 12, and a second gear shifting member 5 in any of the above embodiments of the present invention may be connected with a differential gear 13. Like this, the power of motor shaft 12 can directly be passed to input shaft 11, makes the power transmission process of whole device more perfect, and simultaneously, this gearshift switches over the operation of shifting that can realize gearshift between primary importance and second place through the flexible control hydraulic component 10 drive first gear shifting part 4 of first elastic element 6, and whole need not oil pump and uses with parts cooperation such as air compressor machine, makes whole simple structure, and the reliability of device is higher.
The invention also provides a vehicle comprising the gear shifting device in any one of the embodiments.
The working principle in the embodiment of the present invention is described next:
the gear shift device is used in a two-gear reduction unit, which comprises a reduction gear and a direct gear.
When the gear shifting device is used for executing a gear reduction, when a power assembly of the vehicle is in an initial state, the first elastic element 6 is in a compressed state, the first gear shifting component 4 is in a first position, the third disc 9 and the second disc 8 are connected, power is transmitted from the motor shaft 12 to the input shaft 11 and then transmitted to the planetary gears 3 and the planet carrier 2 through the gear ring 1, and power is transmitted from the planet carrier 2 to the first gear shifting component 4, the second gear shifting component 5 and the differential gear 13 and finally transmitted to wheels because the third disc 9 and the second disc 8 are in a connected state. When power is input from the large gear ring 1 and the planet wheel is output, the power is transmitted to the wheel through the speed reducing mechanisms such as the planet gear 3 and the like, so that the requirement of starting or low-speed running of the automobile is met.
When the vehicle speed of the vehicle is increased to a predetermined value when the gear shifting device executes a direct gear, due to the increase of the vehicle speed, the centrifugal force of the ball 1002 is increased, the ball 1002 moves toward the edge of the slide 1004 along the slide 1004, and the first elastic element 6 is extended, so that the pressure liquid in the cavity 1003 of the second gear shifting member 5 flows into the slide 1004, the pressure in the second gear shifting member 5 is reduced, the force applied to the first gear shifting member 4 by the second gear shifting member 5 is reduced, the elastic force applied to the first elastic element 6 by the first gear shifting member 4 is caused to be larger than the pressure liquid in the second gear shifting member 5 on the first gear shifting member 4, and the first gear shifting member 4 is further moved by the elastic force of the first elastic element 6, and finally the third disc 9 is separated from the second disc 8, the third disc 9 is connected with the first disc 7, that is, the first gear shifting member 4 is located at the second position, at this time, power is transmitted from the motor shaft 12 to the input shaft 11, the ring gear 1, the first disk 7, the third disk 9, the first shifting member 4, the second shifting member 5, the differential gear 13, and finally to the wheels to realize shifting. Because power is directly transmitted to wheels from the large gear ring 1 without passing through a speed reducing mechanism such as a planetary gear 3, the requirement of high-speed running of the automobile can be met.
Compared with the prior art, the gear shifting device provided by the invention also has the following advantages:
because the first distance is formed between the first connecting disc 901 and the second connecting disc 902, the stroke required by the first gear shifting component 4 during gear shifting is correspondingly reduced, the power required by the first gear shifting component 4 during gear shifting is also correspondingly reduced, and a certain energy-saving effect is achieved; besides, the second shifting unit 5 is provided with a plurality of slide ways 1004 in the radial direction, the arrangement of the plurality of slide ways 1004 can increase the storage amount of the pressure liquid in the slide ways 1004, so that when the vehicle speed is increased, more pressure liquid can flow into the slide ways 1004, and further the change of the hydraulic pressure inside the second shifting unit 5 is more obvious, so that the reduction amount of the pressure applied by the pressure liquid in the second shifting unit 5 to the first shifting unit 4 is more, the change of the pressure difference between two ends of the first shifting unit 4 is more obvious, and the elastic force of the first elastic element 6 borne by the first shifting unit 4 is far greater than the pressure of the pressure liquid in the second shifting unit 5 to the first shifting unit 4, thereby facilitating the quick movement of the first shifting unit 4, further reducing the shifting cycle, and enhancing the responsiveness of the system.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (9)

1. A gear shift device characterized in that the device comprises a ring gear, a planet carrier, a planetary gear, a first shift component, a second shift component and a first elastic element;
a first disc is arranged on one side of the gear ring, and an input shaft is arranged on the other side of the gear ring;
the planet carrier comprises a first fixing part and a second fixing part, a second disc is arranged at the first end of the second fixing part, and the second end of the second fixing part is connected with the inner wall of the first fixing part, wherein the second end of the second fixing part is the end of the second fixing part, which is far away from the second disc;
the planetary gear is connected to the first fixed part and meshed with the gear ring;
the planet carrier is one of double-arm planet carriers; the planet gear meshed with the gear ring is fixed on the planet carrier;
the first end of the first shifting component is provided with a third disk, the third disk is connected with the second disk when the first shifting component is in the first position, and the third disk is connected with the first disk when the first shifting component is in the second position, wherein the first end of the first shifting component is one end close to the second disk;
the first end of the second shifting component is movably connected with the second end of the first shifting component, the second end of the second shifting component is provided with a hydraulic element, and the hydraulic element drives the first shifting component to switch between the first position and the second position, wherein the first end of the second shifting component is one end close to the first disk;
the first resilient element is located between the change in outer diameter of the first shift member and an end surface of the first end of the second shift member, the first resilient element being in a compressed state when the first shift member is in the first position;
the hydraulic element comprises a marble and a second elastic element;
the second gear shifting component is provided with a cavity, pressure liquid is filled in the cavity, a slide way is formed in the radial direction of the second gear shifting component, the second elastic element is located in the slide way, one end of the second elastic element is connected with the marble, and the other end of the second elastic element is fixed on the side wall of the slide way.
2. The shifting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the third disk comprises a first connecting disk and a second connecting disk;
the first coupling disk and the second disk are coupled when the first shift member is in the first position and the second coupling disk and the first disk are coupled when the first shift member is in the second position.
3. The shifting apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first coupling disk and the second coupling disk are spaced a first distance apart.
4. The shifting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first resilient element is at least one in number.
5. The shifting apparatus of claim 4, wherein a distance between each adjacent two of the plurality of first resilient elements is equal.
6. The shifting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the number of ramps is greater than or equal to a first value;
the quantity of the second elastic elements is equal to that of the slide ways, and the quantity of the marbles is equal to that of the slide ways.
7. The shifting apparatus of claim 6, wherein the distance between each two adjacent ones of the plurality of ramps is equal.
8. The shifting apparatus of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the input shaft is coupled to the motor shaft and the second shift member is coupled to the differential gear.
9. A vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle comprises a gear change device according to any one of claims 1-8.
CN201910310530.9A 2019-04-17 2019-04-17 Gear shifting device and vehicle Active CN111828568B (en)

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US4592251A (en) * 1983-03-25 1986-06-03 Canadian Fram Limited Two speed accessory drive
DE4230622A1 (en) * 1992-09-12 1994-03-17 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Power shift transmission, in particular two-speed planetary gear
CN101457821A (en) * 2007-12-16 2009-06-17 汤科儿 Two-row planetary gear set stepless transmission
CN204647181U (en) * 2015-03-06 2015-09-16 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 A kind of planetary gear type two shift transmission
CN104930140B (en) * 2015-06-30 2017-08-18 重庆大学 A kind of single planetary row two-shift automatic speed variator used for electric vehicle
CN105864372B (en) * 2016-06-24 2018-02-13 吉林博承传动***科技有限公司 A kind of planet row type two keeps off gearbox and its shift control method
CN108204429B (en) * 2016-12-16 2021-09-14 重庆红岭动力技术有限公司 Three-speed-ratio planetary gear speed change mechanism
CN107117071B (en) * 2017-04-25 2019-11-19 南京汽车集团有限公司 New-energy electric vehicle magnetic-powder-type two speed transmission and its process for gear
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