CN111825603B - Ruthenium polypyridine complex and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Ruthenium polypyridine complex and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111825603B
CN111825603B CN201910313344.0A CN201910313344A CN111825603B CN 111825603 B CN111825603 B CN 111825603B CN 201910313344 A CN201910313344 A CN 201910313344A CN 111825603 B CN111825603 B CN 111825603B
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王雪松
田纳
周前雄
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Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/24Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/26Radicals substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals
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    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F15/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F15/0006Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
    • C07F15/0046Ruthenium compounds
    • C07F15/0053Ruthenium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/004Photosensitive materials
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a ruthenium polypyridine complex, the structure of which is shown in a formula 1, and the ruthenium polypyridine complex is used as a photoacid generator, so that the problems that the existing photoacid generator needs to generate acid through ultraviolet irradiation, the acid generation reaction time is long, the required raw material dosage is large, and the efficiency is low can be solved. The invention also discloses a preparation method and application of the ruthenium polypyridyl complex.

Description

Ruthenium polypyridine complex and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photoacid generators. More particularly, relates to a ruthenium polypyridine complex, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Photoacid generators (Photoacid generator, PAGs) are a class of molecules capable of generating acids under certain wavelengths of light. The photoacid generator is widely applied in the field of Photoresist (Photorisist), the principle of the Photoresist is that after the Photoresist is irradiated by the light source, the solubility is changed, and the photoacid generator can improve the photosensitivity of a Photoresist system and the imaging quality in an integrated circuit and a semiconductor accessory. There are a great number of documents and patents related to the photoacid generator, for example, the publication of the Chinese patent application with publication number of CN108496113A and the publication of the Chinese patent application with publication number of CN107129448A, the photoacid generator is disclosed, the most widely used photoacid generators are sulfonium salts and sulfonate, however, the photoacid generator is limited in application by acid generation through ultraviolet illumination, and the reaction system is organic solvents of chloroform, acetonitrile and the like, so that the reaction time is long, the reaction time is required to be tens of hours, and the raw material amount required for the reaction is large.
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a novel photoacid generator.
Disclosure of Invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a ruthenium polypyridine complex, which is used as a photoacid generator, and can solve the problems of long acid production reaction time, large required raw material dosage and low efficiency of the existing photoacid generator that acid is produced by ultraviolet irradiation.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing ruthenium polypyridyl complex.
The third object of the present invention is to provide a photoacid generator which can solve the problems of the existing photoacid generator that the acid is generated by ultraviolet irradiation, the acid generation reaction time is long, the required raw material metering is large, and the efficiency is low.
A fourth object of the present invention is to provide the use of the ruthenium polypyridyl complex provided in the first object above in the preparation of halogen acid.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a ruthenium polypyridine complex having the structure set forth in formula I below:
Figure BDA0002032256670000021
wherein,,
R 1 、R 2 、R 3 each independently selected from H or-CH 2 X and at least one is-CH 2 X, said X being selected from halogen;
the A-represents a charge-balancing monovalent anion.
Optionally, the halogen is selected from one of Cl and Br.
Alternatively, the monovalent anion is selected from PF 6 - 、Cl - 、NO 3 - 、ClO 4 - 、BF 4 - One of them.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of ruthenium polypyridine complex,
when R is 1 、R 2 、R 3 Only one of them is-CH 2 In the X process, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
RuCl is to be processed 3 ·xH 2 Dissolving O and lithium chloride in DMF, adding 2,2' -bipyridine ligand, wherein RuCl 3 ·xH 2 The molar ratio of O to 2,2' -bipyridine ligand is 1:2, in N 2 Refluxing in atmosphere, spin-drying the solvent, separating and purifying to obtain an intermediate 1, dissolving the intermediate 1 in DMF, adding 4,4 '-dihalomethyl-2, 2' -bipyridine ligand, wherein the molar ratio of the intermediate 1 to the 4,4 '-dihalomethyl-2, 2' -bipyridine ligand is 1:1, refluxing, separating and purifying to obtain the ruthenium polypyridine complex; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
when R is 1 、R 2 、R 3 Two of them are-CH 2 In the X process, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
RuCl is to be processed 3 ·xH 2 O and lithium chloride are dissolved in DMF, 4 '-dihalomethyl-2, 2' -bipyridine ligand is added, wherein RuCl 3 ·xH 2 The molar ratio of O to 4,4 '-dihalomethyl-2, 2' -bipyridine ligand is 1:2, in N 2 Reflux is carried out under atmosphere, the solvent is dried by spinning,obtaining an intermediate 2 through separation and purification, dissolving the intermediate 2 in DMF, adding a 2,2 '-bipyridine ligand, wherein the molar ratio of the intermediate 2 to the 2,2' -bipyridine ligand is 1:1, refluxing, and separating and purifying to obtain the ruthenium polypyridine complex;
when R is 1 、R 2 、R 3 Are all-CH 2 In the X process, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
RuCl is to be processed 3 ·xH 2 O and lithium chloride are dissolved in DMF, 4 '-dihalomethyl-2, 2' -bipyridine ligand is added, wherein RuCl 3 ·xH 2 The molar ratio of O to 4,4 '-dihalomethyl-2, 2' -bipyridine ligand is 1:3, in N 2 Refluxing under atmosphere, spin-drying the solvent, and separating and purifying to obtain the ruthenium polypyridyl complex.
In order to achieve the third object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a photoacid generator comprising the ruthenium polypyridine complex provided in the first object above.
In order to achieve the fourth object, the present invention also provides the use of the photoacid generator as described in the third object above in the preparation of a halogen acid.
Alternatively, the photoacid generator is used for the preparation of hydrohalic acid by illumination.
Optionally, the light used for illumination is visible light or ultraviolet light.
Optionally, the method of application comprises the steps of:
dissolving the ruthenium polypyridine complex in a water phase or a protonic solvent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a solution A;
and (3) carrying out illumination on the solution A to prepare the halogen acid.
Preferably, the illumination time is 1s-10min.
Alternatively, the concentration of solution A is 1. Mu.M-1 mM.
Optionally, the protic solvent is selected from one or more of water, methanol, ethanol and ethylene glycol.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to one object of the invention, the ruthenium polypyridyl complex provided by the invention can generate acid by using visible light or ultraviolet light irradiation due to the specific structure, and has the advantages of short acid generation reaction time, small required raw material metering and high efficiency. According to another object of the present invention, the photoacid generator provided by the present invention can generate halogen acid by visible light, and the whole acid generation process has short reaction time, high efficiency, acid generation efficiency up to more than 40%, and small required raw material dosage. According to still another object of the present invention, the present invention provides an application that also has the effects of the photoacid generator, which is not described herein.
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The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum of the ruthenium polypyridyl complex prepared in example 1.
FIG. 2 shows a mass spectrum of the ruthenium polypyridyl complex prepared in example 1.
FIG. 3 shows the pH of the ruthenium polypyridyl complex (10. Mu.M) prepared in example 1 in an aqueous solution as a function of the time of irradiation.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Like parts in the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and that this invention is not limited to the details given herein.
Example 1
Ruthenium polypyridine complexes of the formula,
Figure BDA0002032256670000041
/>
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
RuCl 3 ·xH 2 o (50 mg,0.19 mmol) and 4,4 '-dichloro-2, 2' -bipyridine (bcm-bpy) (152 mg,0.6 mmol) inN in DMF solvent 2 Reflux overnight under atmosphere and spin-dry the solvent. Purifying compound 3 by silica gel column with eluting solvent CH 3 CN/H 2 O/KNO 3 (10:4:1), the product was dissolved in water and treated with NH 4 PF 6 And precipitating out. Reference is made to figures 1 and 2. 1 H NMR(400MHz,CD 3 CN)δ8.49(s,6H),7.61(d,J=5.8Hz,6H),7.37(d,J=5.9Hz,6H),4.73(s,12H).HR ESI-MS:m/z=429.9834for(M-2PF 6 - ) 2+
Dissolving the prepared ruthenium polypyridine complex into water to obtain visible light with a concentration of 10 μm and an illumination wavelength of 520nm, and illuminating with an illumination intensity of 10mW/cm 2 The illumination time is 50s, and the photoacid efficiency is 50%. As shown in fig. 3, the pH of the solution decreased with increasing time.
Example 2
Ruthenium polypyridine complexes of the formula,
Figure BDA0002032256670000042
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
RuCl 3 ·xH 2 o (100 mg,0.38 mmol) and LiCl (106 mg), bpy (113 mg,0.8mmol) N in DMF solvent 2 Reflux overnight under atmosphere and spin-dry the solvent. Acetone was added to the obtained product, which was left overnight at 4℃in a refrigerator, and the solid (intermediate, ru (bpy)) was obtained by filtration 2 Cl 2 ),100mg Ru(bpy) 2 Cl 2 (0.19 mmol) and bcm-bpy (50.6 mg, 0.2)mmol) N in DMF solvent 2 Reflux overnight under atmosphere and spin-dry the solvent. Purifying compound 1 by silica gel column, eluting with CH 3 CN/H 2 O/KNO 3 (10:4:1), the product was dissolved in water and treated with NH 4 PF 6 And (5) sinking out.
Dissolving the prepared ruthenium polypyridine complex into water to obtain visible light with a concentration of 10 μm and an illumination wavelength of 520nm, and illuminating with an illumination intensity of 10mW/cm 2 The light time was 50s and the acid production was similar to example 1.
Example 3
Ruthenium polypyridine complexes of the formula,
Figure BDA0002032256670000051
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
RuCl 3 ·xH 2 o (100 mg,0.38 mmol) and LiCl (106 mg), bcm-bpy (204 mg,0.8 mmol) N in DMF solvent 2 Reflux overnight under atmosphere and spin-dry the solvent. Acetone was added to the obtained product, which was left overnight at 4℃in a refrigerator, and the solid (intermediate, ru (bcm-bpy)) was obtained by filtration 2 Cl 2 ),100mg Ru(bcm-bpy) 2 Cl 2 (0.15 mmol) and bpy (22.7 mg, 0.16)mmol) N in DMF solvent 2 Reflux overnight under atmosphere and spin-dry the solvent. Purifying compound 3 by silica gel column with eluting solvent CH 3 CN/H 2 O/KNO 3 (10:4:1), the product was dissolved in water and treated with NH 4 PF 6 And (5) sinking out.
Dissolving the prepared ruthenium polypyridine complex into water to obtain visible light with a concentration of 10 μm and an illumination wavelength of 520nm, and illuminating with an illumination intensity of 10mW/cm 2 The light time was 50s and the acid production was similar to example 1.
It should be understood that the foregoing examples of the present invention are provided merely for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and that various other changes and modifications may be made therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. Use of a photoacid generator in the preparation of a hydrohalic acid, characterized in that the photoacid generator comprises a ruthenium polypyridine complex;
the ruthenium polypyridyl complex has a structure as shown in the following formula I:
Figure FDA0004054889620000011
wherein,,
R 1 、R 2 、R 3 each independently selected from H or-CH 2 X and at least one is-CH 2 X, said X being selected from halogen;
the A is - Representing a monovalent anion that balances the charge.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the halogen is selected from one of Cl, br.
3. The use according to claim 1, wherein the monovalent anion is selected from the group consisting of PF 6 - 、Cl - 、NO 3 - 、ClO 4 - 、BF 4 - One of them.
4. The use according to claim 1, wherein,
when R is 1 、R 2 、R 3 Only one of them is-CH 2 In the X process, the preparation method of the ruthenium polypyridyl complex comprises the following steps:
RuCl is to be processed 3 ·xH 2 Dissolving O and lithium chloride in DMF, adding 2,2' -bipyridine ligand, wherein RuCl 3 ·xH 2 The molar ratio of O to 2,2' -bipyridine ligand is 1:2, in N 2 Refluxing in atmosphere, spin-drying the solvent, separating and purifying to obtain an intermediate 1, dissolving the intermediate 1 in DMF, adding 4,4 '-dihalomethyl-2, 2' -bipyridine ligand, wherein the molar ratio of the intermediate 1 to the 4,4 '-dihalomethyl-2, 2' -bipyridine ligand is 1:1, refluxing, separating and purifying to obtain the ruthenium polypyridine complex; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
when R is 1 、R 2 、R 3 Two of them are-CH 2 The preparation method of the ruthenium polypyridyl complex comprises the following steps ofThe method comprises the following steps:
RuCl is to be processed 3 ·xH 2 O and lithium chloride are dissolved in DMF, 4 '-dihalomethyl-2, 2' -bipyridine ligand is added, wherein RuCl 3 ·xH 2 The molar ratio of O to 4,4 '-dihalomethyl-2, 2' -bipyridine ligand is 1:2, in N 2 Refluxing under atmosphere, spin-drying the solvent, separating and purifying to obtain an intermediate 2, dissolving the intermediate 2 in DMF, adding a 2,2 '-bipyridine ligand, wherein the molar ratio of the intermediate 2 to the 2,2' -bipyridine ligand is 1:1, refluxing, separating and purifying to obtain the ruthenium polypyridine complex;
when R is 1 、R 2 、R 3 Are all-CH 2 In the X process, the preparation method of the ruthenium polypyridyl complex comprises the following steps:
RuCl is to be processed 3 ·xH 2 O and lithium chloride are dissolved in DMF, 4 '-dihalomethyl-2, 2' -bipyridine ligand is added, wherein RuCl 3 ·xH 2 The molar ratio of O to 4,4 '-dihalomethyl-2, 2' -bipyridine ligand is 1:3, in N 2 Refluxing under atmosphere, spin-drying the solvent, and separating and purifying to obtain the ruthenium polypyridyl complex.
5. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that the photoacid generator is used for the preparation of hydrohalic acid by illumination.
6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the light used for illumination is visible or ultraviolet light.
7. The use according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that the method of the use comprises the steps of:
dissolving the ruthenium polypyridine complex in a water phase or a protonic solvent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a solution A;
and (3) carrying out illumination on the solution A to prepare the halogen acid.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the illumination time is 1s-10min.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103709202A (en) * 2013-12-26 2014-04-09 广东药学院 Ruthenium (II) complex, preparation method thereof, and application of complex as cell fluorescent dye
CN107129448A (en) * 2016-02-29 2017-09-05 罗门哈斯电子材料有限责任公司 Light acid produces monomer, includes the photo-corrosion-resisting agent composition of the polymer from its derivative polymer
CN107602619A (en) * 2017-08-28 2018-01-19 常州大学 A kind of Ru-polypyridine complex sensitising agent and preparation method thereof
CN108496113A (en) * 2016-04-27 2018-09-04 三亚普罗股份有限公司 Photoacid generator and photoetching resin combination

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103709202A (en) * 2013-12-26 2014-04-09 广东药学院 Ruthenium (II) complex, preparation method thereof, and application of complex as cell fluorescent dye
CN107129448A (en) * 2016-02-29 2017-09-05 罗门哈斯电子材料有限责任公司 Light acid produces monomer, includes the photo-corrosion-resisting agent composition of the polymer from its derivative polymer
CN108496113A (en) * 2016-04-27 2018-09-04 三亚普罗股份有限公司 Photoacid generator and photoetching resin combination
CN107602619A (en) * 2017-08-28 2018-01-19 常州大学 A kind of Ru-polypyridine complex sensitising agent and preparation method thereof

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Formation of Thin Polymeric Films by Electropolymerization. Reduction of Metal Complexes Containing Bromomethyl-Substituted Derivatives of 2,2’-Bipyridine;Sharon Gould等;《Inorganic Chemistry》;19911231;第30卷(第14期);第2944页表1 *
Mitochondria targeted and NADH triggered photodynamic activity of chloromethyl modified Ru(II) complexes under hypoxic conditions;Na Tian等;《Chemical Communications》;20190212;第55卷(第18期);第2676页方案1,supporting information第3页 *
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Ruthenium Tris(bipyridine)-Centered Linear and Star-Shaped Polystyrenes: Making Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Metal Complex Initiators Compatible;Xufeng Wu等;《Macromolecules》;20010327;第34卷(第9期);第2818页 *
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