CN111825233B

CN111825233B - Centrifugal water purification and supply device

Info

Publication number: CN111825233B
Application number: CN202010855214.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋小三; 王刚; 未碧贵; 戴亮
Original assignee: Lanzhou Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Lanzhou Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2020-08-24
Filing date: 2020-08-24
Publication date: 2020-12-25
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-24
Also published as: CN111825233A

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a centrifugal water purification and supply device, which is characterized in that water in a conical cylinder-shaped separation chamber is subjected to rotary separation, a floating ball at the center can float up and down along with a vortex to adsorb light oil, a baffle changes the direction of particulate matters, the particulate matters fall into a settling chamber to be collected, and finally heavy oil in water is adsorbed by a spiral water receiving tank with an active carbon porous plate, so that the particulate matters, the heavy oil and the light oil are simultaneously separated.

Description

Centrifugal water purification and supply device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a centrifugal water purification and supply device.

Background

At present, centrifugal equipment is adopted in various types, but equipment capable of separating and purifying heavy oil, light oil and particulate matters simultaneously does not exist, and generally, a plurality of different pieces of equipment are matched for use in the process treatment, so that the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a centrifugal water purifying and supplying device, which solves the problem that the prior art cannot simultaneously separate and purify heavy oil, light oil, and particulate matter.

A centrifugal water purification and supply device comprises a conical separation chamber, wherein the small-diameter end of the separation chamber is positioned at the bottom and forms an open structure from bottom to top, a cylindrical structure which is communicated with the inside of the separation chamber and is vertically arranged is arranged at the bottom of the separation chamber, an impeller and a rotating shaft driven by a motor are vertically arranged in the cylindrical structure, the impeller is horizontally arranged, and a water inlet pipe is arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical structure; the top of the separation chamber is provided with a circular cover plate, the center of the cover plate is provided with a floating ball capable of floating up and down, the floating ball is connected to the outside of the cover plate through a hollow pipe barrel, the center of the cover plate is provided with a guide device, so that the pipe barrel can float up and down along the guide device, the bottom of the floating ball and the side wall connected with the bottom adopt films made of oleophilic and hydrophobic materials, an oil suction pipe is arranged inside the floating ball, the oil suction pipe touches the bottom of the floating ball, and the oil suction pipe extends to the outside of the cover plate along the pipe barrel; the edge of the cover plate is slightly larger than the top edge of the separation chamber and is also slightly higher than the top edge of the separation chamber, the edge of the cover plate is provided with a baffle plate which is inclined downwards so as to block water flow, the water flow flows upwards to collide the baffle plate and then overflows outwards along the baffle plate and the top edge of the separation chamber, and the edge of the cover plate at the outer side of the baffle plate extends outwards along the horizontal direction to form a horizontal annular plate; the annular settling chamber is arranged around the circumference of the top of the separation chamber and located below the horizontal annular plate, an annular partition plate which is vertically arranged is arranged inside the settling chamber, a gap is reserved between the top of the annular partition plate and the horizontal annular plate to allow water to pass through, a gap is reserved between the bottom of the annular partition plate and the bottom of the settling chamber, the lower edge of the baffle is located between the annular partition plate and the inner side wall of the settling chamber, a water filtering net is arranged between the annular partition plate and the inner wall of the settling chamber, which is close to one side of the separation chamber, a water filtering film is arranged between the annular partition plate and the inner wall of the other side of the settling chamber, and the aperture of the water filtering film is smaller; the edge of the outer side wall of the settling chamber is lower than the top edge of the separation chamber, an annular flow guide chamber communicated with the settling chamber is arranged outside the settling chamber, and two or three water leakage holes are formed in the bottom of the flow guide chamber; a water receiving groove which is spirally and circularly arranged around the separation cavity is arranged below each water leakage hole, the water receiving grooves are connected to the water outlet pipe together, and an activated carbon porous plate is paved on the bottom plate of each water receiving groove.

The sedimentation chamber below the water filtering net and the water filtering film is provided with a detachable U-shaped bottom plate.

A slide rheostat is arranged in the guide device, a slide contact sheet connected with the slide rheostat is arranged on the outer wall of the pipe barrel, the slide rheostat is connected with a controller of the motor, when the pipe barrel falls down, the rotating speed of the motor is reduced, and when the pipe barrel moves upwards, the rotating speed of the motor is increased; the controller controls the rotating speed of the motor according to the access current of the slide rheostat; or the slide rheostat is directly connected with the control circuit of the motor, and the current of the control circuit of the motor is changed through the slide rheostat.

The water inlet pipe is provided with a primary filter screen and is also provided with a water inlet pump or a water inlet valve for controlling water inlet.

The baffle adopts the arc structure.

The bottom surface of the floating ball is a conical surface.

The centrifugal water purifying and supplying device can simultaneously separate and purify heavy oil, light oil and particulate matters; specifically, under the drive of the impeller, water to be separated and purified is rotationally driven and spirally rises along the inner wall of the separation chamber, so that particulate matters in the water are filtered out outwards under the centrifugal action, the particulate matters fall down after colliding with the baffle plate and enter the interior of the settling chamber, and water flows out along a gap between the annular partition plate and the horizontal annular plate; because the water filtering net and the water filtering film are arranged in the settling chamber, the settling chamber is not a semi-closed chamber but an open chamber, when the particles are settled on the water filtering net, fine particles in the fine particles can continuously fall along meshes of the water filtering net and are collected at the bottom of the settling chamber, and a part of small water flow can upwards flow out along the water filtering film, but the fine particles in the process cannot be taken away by the small water flow due to the action of gravity, and cannot be taken away by the small water flow due to the filtering action of the water filtering film, so that the particles and water are separated;

the light oil (with the specific gravity smaller than that of water) is concentrated at the center of the separation chamber under the action of centrifugation and forms a vortex, the floating ball is used for adsorbing the light oil of the vortex under the action of an oleophylic and hydrophobic film, particularly, the floating ball can automatically adsorb the light oil to enter the floating ball along with the height of the vortex under the action of buoyancy, and the light oil is sucked out by an external oil suction pump through an oil suction pipe, so that the separation of the light oil and the water is realized;

when water enters the water receiving tank from the diversion chamber, the activated carbon porous plate arranged at the bottom of the spiral water receiving tank can adsorb heavy oil in the water; because the water receiving tank sets up to two or three (generally also can set up more than four, but the structure is too complicated like this, can reduce the length of water receiving tank moreover, so two or three water receiving tanks are the optimal choice), can close one of them hole that leaks when the empty board of active carbon many needs to be changed, wait to change and open after accomplishing again to can purify in succession and need not shut down.

Drawings

The invention may be better understood from the following description of specific embodiments thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like or similar reference characters refer to the same or similar parts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a centrifugal water purifying and feeding device provided by an embodiment of the invention.

In the figure:

10. a separation chamber; 11. a column-tube structure; 12. an impeller; 13. a rotating shaft;

20. a cover plate; 21. a floating ball; 22. a tube barrel; 23. a guide device; 24. a film; 25. an oil suction pipe; 26. a baffle plate; 27. a horizontal ring plate;

30. a settling chamber; 31. an annular partition plate; 32. a water filtering net; 33. a water filtration membrane;

40. a flow guide chamber; 41. a water leakage hole; 42. a water receiving tank; 43. an activated carbon perforated plate;

51. a water inlet pipe; 52. and (5) discharging a water pipe.

Detailed Description

Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention. The present invention is in no way limited to any specific configuration and algorithm set forth below, but rather covers any modification, replacement or improvement of elements, components or algorithms without departing from the spirit of the invention. In the following description, well-known structures and techniques are not shown in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.

Example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art.

Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, and so forth. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a centrifugal water purifying and supplying device, which comprises a conical separation chamber 10, wherein the small diameter end of the separation chamber 10 is located at the bottom, and an open structure is formed from bottom to top, a cylindrical structure 11 is arranged at the bottom of the separation chamber 10, the cylindrical structure 11 is communicated with the inside of the separation chamber and is vertically arranged, an impeller 12 and a rotating shaft 13 driven by a motor (not shown in the figure) are vertically arranged in the cylindrical structure 11, the impeller 12 is horizontally arranged, and a water inlet pipe 51 is arranged at the side surface of the cylindrical structure 11; the cylindrical structure 11 provides a space for arranging the rotating shaft 13, and provides a passage for water entering from the water inlet pipe, so that water enters the separation chamber 10 along the cylindrical structure and is driven by the impeller to rotate, light oil in the water is located in the center, heavy oil and particles are located at the edge, the motor is located below the cylindrical structure, and the rotating shaft 13 can be directly driven or driven by the speed change mechanism. The bottom sets up the structural design of pivot, impeller and water inlet, can avoid the deposit to pile up in the bottom of separation chamber, can be when intaking with the deposit towards upper portion to need not clear up the separation chamber, can reach continuous operation's purpose.

A circular cover plate 20 is arranged at the top of the separation chamber 10, a floating ball 21 capable of floating up and down is arranged at the center of the cover plate, the floating ball 21 is connected to the outside of the cover plate 20 through a hollow pipe 22, a guide device 23 is arranged at the center of the cover plate 20, the pipe 22 can float up and down along the guide device, the bottom of the floating ball 21 and the side wall connected with the bottom adopt a film 24 made of oleophilic and hydrophobic materials, an oil suction pipe 25 is arranged inside the floating ball 21, the oil suction pipe 25 touches the bottom of the floating ball 21, and the oil suction pipe 25 extends to the outside of the cover plate 20 along the pipe 22; the edge of the cover plate 20 is slightly larger than the top edge of the separation chamber 10 and is also slightly higher than the top edge of the separation chamber 10, the edge of the cover plate 20 is provided with a baffle 26 which is inclined downwards so as to block water flow, after the water flow flows upwards and collides with the baffle, the water flow overflows outwards along the baffle 26 and the top edge of the separation chamber 10, and the edge of the cover plate 20 outside the baffle 26 extends outwards along the horizontal direction to form a horizontal annular plate 27; the cover plate 20 can prevent water flow from overflowing upwards, the floating ball 21 is used for adsorbing light oil of a middle vortex and sucking the light oil out through the oil suction pipe, the pipe barrel 22 on the upper portion of the floating ball provides a guide channel for the oil suction pipe and also provides a guide function for the floating ball to float up and down, the floating ball and the pipe barrel are made of light materials, so that the light oil in the floating ball is prevented from being excessive, the light oil is sucked away along with the light oil entering the floating ball, and the light oil is prevented from being accumulated; the floater can ensure that the buoyancy action automatically floats along with the liquid level height of the vortex, and the oil absorption action can be finished no matter the liquid level height. The guide device 23 provides a space with a certain length up and down, a guide channel can be arranged to facilitate the up-and-down sliding of the pipe barrel, a cut-off structure can be arranged on the pipe barrel to ensure that the pipe barrel does not continuously slide down after sliding down to a certain position, so that the contact with an impeller at the bottom is avoided, and a large nut or a clamping block can be arranged at the top of the pipe barrel; the function of the horizontal ring plate 27 extending outwards is to prevent water from overflowing upwards; the bottom of the floating ball 21 and the side wall connected with the bottom are both provided with films, so that after the floating ball is sunk into water, the side wall can still filter light oil into the floating ball under the effects of oleophylic property and hydrophobicity; in order to facilitate the installation and the disassembly of the floating ball, the floating ball can be designed into two parts which are butted up and down, and the film and the foam plastic are positioned at the lower part; the oil suction pipe is a flexible pipe, the length of the oil suction pipe is relatively long, even when the floating ball is at the lowest working position, the oil suction pipe can touch the bottom of the floating ball, but in order to avoid the condition that the oil suction pipe is too heavy and too long, the oil suction pipe can still touch the bottom of the floating ball when the floating ball is at the lowest working position.

An annular settling chamber 30 is arranged around the top circumference of the separation chamber 10, the settling chamber 30 is positioned below the horizontal annular plate 27, an annular partition plate 31 which is vertically arranged is arranged inside the settling chamber 30, a gap is reserved between the top of the annular partition plate 31 and the horizontal annular plate 27 to allow water to pass through, a gap is reserved between the bottom of the annular partition plate 31 and the bottom of the settling chamber 30, the lower edge of the baffle 26 is positioned between the annular partition plate 31 and the inner side wall of the settling chamber 30, a water filtering net 32 is arranged between the annular partition plate 31 and the inner wall of the settling chamber 30 close to one side of the separation chamber 10, a water filtering film 33 is arranged between the annular partition plate and the inner wall of the other side of the settling chamber, and the pore diameter of the water filtering film 33 is smaller; the edge of the outer side wall of the settling chamber 30 is lower than the top edge of the separation chamber 10, an annular guide chamber 40 communicated with the settling chamber is arranged outside the settling chamber 30, and two or three water leakage holes 41 are arranged at the bottom of the guide chamber 40; the baffle makes the particulate matter change direction rather than after colliding, thereby fall into the drip chamber of annular baffle inboard under the effect of gravity, the water strainer, the space of water strainer membrane and annular baffle lower part, make the drip chamber no longer be a bottom confined space, but formed that a bottom also has rivers to pass through, play the filter chamber of precipitation, practice test shows, there is rivers process, can make the particulate matter whereabouts faster, and the existence of filter screen can make tiny particulate matter fall into the drip chamber bottom after through, but make rivers still can pass through along the space of tiny particulate matter top, thereby reduced the frequency of cleaing away tiny particulate matter, and if need clear away, can be at the bottom opening of drip chamber, so also can guarantee to clear away the particulate matter without shut down. Generally, large particles in water can be filtered before entering the separation chamber, so that the large particles on the upper part of the water filter net are rarely accumulated in the actual use process; although the water filtering membrane reduces the water flow speed, the water filtering membrane can prevent the particles from being carried out due to the fact that the lower part of the annular partition plate does not need too high flow speed (the main water flow passes through the gap above the annular partition plate), and small particles are not accumulated at the water filtering membrane due to the fact that the water flow flows upwards.

A water receiving tank 42 which is spirally and circularly arranged around the periphery of the separation chamber is arranged below each water leakage hole 41, the water receiving tanks 42 are connected to the water outlet pipe 52 together, and an activated carbon porous plate 43 is laid on the bottom plate of each water receiving tank; the active carbon porous plate can adsorb heavy oil, can be detachably connected, and can be replaced by a new active carbon porous plate when the heavy oil adsorbed on the active carbon porous plate is excessive; the horizontal ring plate 27 is locked with the outer side edge of the diversion chamber 40, the periphery of the horizontal ring plate can be connected with the edge of the diversion chamber in a sealing way, and the horizontal ring plate and the diversion chamber can be fixed through an external lock catch.

As for the film of the oleophilic and hydrophobic material, since many material documents have been disclosed and studied in this respect until the application date, and since many patents have been issued since 2018, oleophilic and hydrophobic films have been used, the film of the present invention can be made of oleophilic and hydrophobic films realized in the prior art, for example, high molecular plastics and resins, and the high molecular materials have oleophilic C10-C20 hydrocarbon groups inside, or oleophilic oil groups such as polyoxypropylene group, long chain perfluoroalkyl group, polysiloxane group, and the like.

The bottom surface of floater is the conical surface, and this is also different with prior art's floater structure, and prior art's floater is the spheroid structure, adopts the bottom surface for the conical surface in this scheme, makes its vortex comprehensive contact with the formation of oil slick layer (because density problem, oil slick layer is the plane) just to can reach the effect of faster oil absorption, and adopt the structure of conical surface, can make the bottom that the oil absorption pipe can touch the conical surface, can discharge oil in real time.

The floating ball structure can be adapted to the liquid level inside the separation chamber 10 in real time, and the oleophylic and hydrophobic film on the floating ball can be utilized to adsorb the floating, so that the problem of separating the floating from the water in the prior art is solved. In the prior art, an oil suction pipe for floating is directly discharged, and water is simultaneously discharged, so that oil-water separation is further carried out in the later period; the light oil is adsorbed by other adsorbing materials, but the light oil cannot work continuously, and the adsorbing material adsorbing the light oil faces the problem of how to separate the light oil from the light oil. Therefore, the combination of the floating ball, the film and the oil suction pipe is adopted in the scheme, and the light oil separation is perfectly solved.

The sedimentation chamber below the water filtering net and the water filtering film is provided with a detachable U-shaped bottom plate, and the water filtering net and the water filtering film can be replaced and treated by opening the bottom plate.

A slide rheostat is arranged in the guide device, a slide contact sheet connected with the slide rheostat is arranged on the outer wall of the pipe barrel, the slide rheostat is connected with a controller of the motor, when the pipe barrel falls down, the rotating speed of the motor is reduced, and when the pipe barrel moves upwards, the rotating speed of the motor is increased; the controller controls the rotating speed of the motor according to the access current of the slide rheostat; or the slide rheostat is directly connected with the control circuit of the motor, and the current of the control circuit of the motor is changed through the slide rheostat. The higher the rotational speed of impeller is, the bigger the centrifugal force of separation chamber is to make the swirl liquid level at center just also lower, and the impeller rotational speed is lower, and the centrifugal force of separation chamber is less, and thus the swirl liquid level at center just also is higher, in order to facilitate guaranteeing the centrifugal force of separation chamber, through the rotational speed of slide rheostat according to the position automatic control motor of floater, design benefit can make and need not artifically control motor rotational speed, also can need not be with the help of other sensor or controlling means.

The water inlet pipe is provided with a primary filter screen which can filter large particles in water flow; simultaneously, the inlet tube still should set up the intake pump or the inlet valve of a control intake to the flow and the velocity of flow of controlling into water, thereby ensure that the separation cavity is inside to carry out abundant separation purification to water, the effect of design like this can set up different feeding velocities to different quality of water.

The baffle is of arcuate configuration but could be of planar or conical configuration as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

the light oil is smaller than the water in specific gravity, and is concentrated at the center of the separation chamber under the centrifugal action to form a vortex, the floating ball is used for adsorbing the light oil of the vortex under the action of the oleophilic and hydrophobic film, particularly, the floating ball can automatically adsorb the light oil to enter the floating ball along with the height of the vortex under the action of buoyancy, and the light oil is sucked out by an external oil suction pump through an oil suction pipe, so that the separation of the light oil and the water is realized;

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive. Different features which are present in different embodiments may be combined to advantage. Other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art upon studying the specification and the claims. In the claims, the term "comprising" does not exclude other means or steps; the indefinite article "a" does not exclude a plurality; the terms "first" and "second" are used to denote a name and not to denote any particular order.

Claims

1. A centrifugal water purification and supply device is characterized by comprising a conical separation chamber (10), wherein the small-diameter end of the separation chamber (10) is positioned at the bottom and forms an open structure from bottom to top, a cylindrical structure (11) which is communicated with the inside of the separation chamber and is vertically arranged is arranged at the bottom of the separation chamber (10), an impeller (12) and a rotating shaft (13) driven by a motor are vertically arranged in the cylindrical structure (11), the impeller (12) is horizontally arranged, and a water inlet pipe (51) is arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical structure (11); a circular cover plate (20) is arranged at the top of the separation chamber (10), a floating ball (21) capable of floating up and down is arranged in the center of the cover plate, the floating ball (21) is connected to the outside of the cover plate (20) through a hollow pipe barrel (22), a guide device (23) is arranged in the center of the cover plate (20), the pipe barrel (22) can float up and down along the guide device (23), the bottom of the floating ball (21) and the side wall connected with the bottom are made of a thin film (24) made of oleophilic and hydrophobic materials, an oil suction pipe (25) is arranged inside the floating ball (21), the oil suction pipe (25) touches the bottom of the floating ball (21), and the oil suction pipe (25) extends to the outside of the cover plate (20) along the pipe barrel (22); the edge of the cover plate (20) is slightly larger than the top edge of the separation chamber (10) and is also slightly higher than the top edge of the separation chamber (10), the edge of the cover plate (20) is provided with a baffle (26) which is inclined downwards so as to block water flow, after the water flow flows upwards and collides with the baffle, the water flow overflows outwards along the baffle (26) and the top edge of the separation chamber (10), and the edge of the cover plate (20) on the outer side of the baffle (26) extends outwards along the horizontal direction to form a horizontal annular plate (27); the annular settling chamber (30) is arranged around the circumference of the top of the separation chamber (10), the settling chamber (30) is positioned below the horizontal ring plate (27), the annular partition plate (31) which is vertically arranged is arranged in the settling chamber (30), a gap is reserved between the top of the annular partition plate (31) and the horizontal ring plate (27) to allow water to pass through, a gap is reserved between the bottom of the annular partition plate (31) and the bottom of the settling chamber (30), the lower edge of the baffle plate (26) is positioned between the annular partition plate (31) and the inner side wall of the settling chamber (30), a water filtering net (32) is arranged between the annular partition plate (31) and the inner wall of the settling chamber (30) close to one side of the separation chamber (10), a water filtering film (33) is arranged between the annular partition plate and the inner wall of the other side of the settling chamber, and the pore diameter of the water filtering film (33) is smaller than; the edge of the outer side wall of the settling chamber (30) is lower than the top edge of the separation chamber (10), an annular guide chamber (40) communicated with the settling chamber is arranged outside the settling chamber (30), and two or three water leakage holes (41) are formed in the bottom of the guide chamber (40); a water receiving tank (42) which is spirally and circularly arranged around the periphery of the separation chamber is arranged below each water leakage hole (41), the water receiving tanks (42) are connected to a water outlet pipe (52) together, and an activated carbon porous plate (43) is laid on the bottom plate of each water receiving tank; the horizontal ring plate (27) is locked and connected with the outer side edge of the diversion chamber (40).

2. A centrifugal pure water feed device according to claim 1,

3. A centrifugal pure water feed device according to claim 1,

4. A centrifugal pure water feed device according to claim 1,

5. A centrifugal pure water feed device according to claim 1,

the baffle adopts the arc structure.

6. A centrifugal pure water feed device according to claim 1,

the bottom surface of the floating ball is a conical surface.