CN111823678A - Pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111823678A CN111823678A CN202010693506.0A CN202010693506A CN111823678A CN 111823678 A CN111823678 A CN 111823678A CN 202010693506 A CN202010693506 A CN 202010693506A CN 111823678 A CN111823678 A CN 111823678A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
- B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2410/00—Agriculture-related articles
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2403/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2429/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2429/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2429/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/04—Ingredients characterised by their shape and organic or inorganic ingredients
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
- C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/544—Silicon-containing compounds containing nitrogen
Abstract
The invention provides a pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural production. The formula of the invention comprises the following components: 10-15 parts of a mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 14-20 parts of a carrier base material, 1-3 parts of pesticide abamectin, 0.5-1.8 parts of biomass charcoal, 1-3 parts of dodecyl betaine, 0.1-0.4 part of formaldehyde, 2-5 parts of glycerol, 0.2-0.5 part of an auxiliary agent and 110-130 parts of water, wherein the mixed polyvinyl alcohol material is a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol with a lower molecular weight and polyvinyl alcohol with a higher molecular weight; preparation of carrier base material: mixing sodium metaaluminate solution and sodium bicarbonate in a sealed container, adjusting the pH value, introducing carbon dioxide gas at 40-60 ℃, controlling the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas, vibrating the liquid while introducing the gas, aging, separating, washing and drying to obtain the carrier base material. The invention can release the pesticide layer by layer through the degradation of the film per se in different degrees, thereby achieving the effect of slow release.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production, in particular to a pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Agriculture belongs to the first industry and is a basic product for supporting national economic construction and development. In agricultural production, various types of pesticides are used in order to guarantee and promote the growth of plants and crops. Because a user can not effectively control the prevention and control of diseases, pests and weeds in a proper period and repeatedly use the pesticide, soil hardening is caused, the pesticide resistance of germs and pests to the pesticide is enhanced, the atmosphere and water environment are polluted, the human health is harmed, and meanwhile, the cost investment is increased. Traditional chemical pesticides can effectively control weeds and pests, but potential runoff and eluviation of toxic compounds in soil can cause resource waste and environmental pollution, a large amount of pests are remained in crops, and human health is endangered, so that the application of the chemical pesticides is limited. Therefore, the use of techniques for reducing the toxicity of pesticides and improving the pesticides has been receiving increasing attention.
Controlled release systems for pesticides are gaining increasing favor from researchers due to their economic and ecological advantages. The pesticide controlled release system can effectively control the release of active ingredients, prolong the pesticide effect period, reduce the pesticide dosage and reduce the harm to a pesticide applicator. The application of the controlled release system can reduce the pollution of the pesticide to water and soil, reduce the residue of the pesticide in grains, melons, fruits and vegetables and reduce the harm of the pesticide to the environment. Therefore, the combination of the plant pesticide and the controlled release material not only can effectively improve the utilization rate of the pesticide, but also plays a positive role in agricultural production and ecological environment protection.
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a biodegradable polymer having many useful properties such as excellent chemical resistance, optical and physical properties, good film forming ability, water solubility and excellent biocompatibility. Starch (ST) is a renewable natural polymer material, is low in price, biodegradable and widely applicable. At present, the research of preparing the sustained-release membrane by combining PVA and ST is less in China.
The fundamental trends in modern world agricultural development are high commercialization, capitalization, scaling, specialization, regionalization, factorization, knowledgeability, socialization, and internationalization. The high-efficiency low-toxicity pesticide is not twistable to replace the high-toxicity pesticide. The research on how to stabilize the pesticide components, control the release speed of the effective components and prolong the plant protection period of the pesticide components, particularly the slow-release film, is a technical problem worthy of research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol and a preparation method thereof, which can release pesticides layer by layer through degradation of the film per se in different degrees and achieve a slow-release effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10-15 parts of mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 14-20 parts of carrier base material, 1-3 parts of pesticide abamectin, 0.5-1.8 parts of biomass charcoal, 1-3 parts of dodecyl betaine, 0.1-0.4 part of formaldehyde, 2-5 parts of glycerol, 0.2-0.5 part of auxiliary agent and 110-130 parts of water.
Further, the mixed polyvinyl alcohol material: according to the mass ratio of 5-8: 1-3: 0.01 mixing polyvinyl alcohol with the molecular weight of 1000-2000, polyvinyl alcohol with the molecular weight of 5000-8000 and a modifier.
Further, the modifier: according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 0.01 taking silane coupling agent KH-550 and nano titanium dioxide.
Further, the auxiliary agent: according to the mass ratio of 4-8: 1, mixing starch and dextrin to obtain the auxiliary agent.
Further, preparation of the carrier base: according to the mass ratio of 20-30: and 3, mixing 20-30% by mass of sodium metaaluminate solution and sodium bicarbonate in a sealed container, adjusting the pH, introducing carbon dioxide gas at 40-60 ℃, controlling the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas, vibrating the liquid while introducing the gas, aging, separating, washing and drying to obtain the carrier base material.
Further, the aging temperature in the aging step is 40-60 ℃, and the aging time is 60-90 min.
Further, in the separation washing step, the washing temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the washing times are 5-10; the pH value of the final washing wastewater is 6.8-7.3; the temperature in the drying step is 85-100 ℃, and the drying time is 4-8 h.
A preparation method of a pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 14-20 parts of carrier base material, 1-3 parts of pesticide avermectin, 0.5-1.8 parts of biomass charcoal, 1-3 parts of dodecyl betaine, 0.1-0.4 part of formaldehyde, 2-5 parts of glycerol, 0.2-0.5 part of auxiliary agent and 110-130 parts of water;
(2) heating water to 35-45 ℃ for heat preservation, adding a mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, a carrier base material and water for mixing and stirring, heating to 70-85 ℃, sealing and stirring, accelerating stirring, cooling, adding dodecyl betaine, stirring at room temperature to obtain a mixed solution, adding pesticide avermectin, biomass charcoal, formaldehyde and an auxiliary agent, stirring at normal temperature until the mixed solution is dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, carrying out heat preservation and stirring at 50-65 ℃, adding glycerol for mixing and stirring, carrying out vacuum degassing, uniformly spreading a drainage fluid, drying to obtain a membrane A, and then carrying out hot-pressing lamination on the membrane A and a membrane B with the same size to obtain the pesticide slow-release membrane based on polyvinyl alcohol.
In use, the surface A faces upwards on the lower surface B.
Further, the pressure of the vacuum degassing is 0.05-0.08 MPa; controlling the temperature and drying at 28-35 ℃; the thickness of the dried film is 0.16-0.45 mm
Further, the film B is prepared substantially the same as the film A except that the mixed polyvinyl alcohol material is used without adding a modifier.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention uses polyvinyl alcohol material, uses polyvinyl alcohol with lower molecular weight and polyvinyl alcohol with higher molecular weight to mix, forms interlaced polyvinyl alcohol main body, forms film stably, uses modifier to activate polyvinyl alcohol, and mixes nanometer titanium dioxide to provide photodegradation, uses carrier base material to make pseudo-boehmite from sodium metaaluminate solution and sodium bicarbonate, and adds sodium bicarbonate as stabilizer to combine with more carbon dioxide to form porous diameter adsorption main body, and can cooperate with active carbon to better bear pesticide, the invention uses film A which adds modifier to modify main material and film B which is not modified to hot-press and joint to form pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol, A face is downward, B face is upward, sunlight irradiates, nanometer titanium dioxide contained in A face provides photocatalysis effect to accelerate decomposition of pesticide in film, nanometer titanium dioxide itself can also provide assistance, the insecticidal and bacteriostatic effects of the pesticide are synergistically enhanced, the pesticide is released in a gradient manner firstly and then is released in a full gradient manner, and the slow release effect is enhanced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10-15 parts of mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 14-20 parts of carrier base material, 1-3 parts of pesticide abamectin, 0.5-1.8 parts of biomass charcoal, 1-3 parts of dodecyl betaine, 0.1-0.4 part of formaldehyde, 2-5 parts of glycerol, 0.2-0.5 part of auxiliary agent and 110-130 parts of water.
Mixing polyvinyl alcohol materials, namely mixing the polyvinyl alcohol with lower molecular weight and the polyvinyl alcohol with higher molecular weight, wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol materials to the polyvinyl alcohol with higher molecular weight is 5-8: 1-3: 0.01 is the combination of polyvinyl alcohol with the molecular weight of 1000-2000, polyvinyl alcohol with the molecular weight of 5000-8000 and a modifier.
Auxiliary agent: according to the mass ratio of 4-8: 1, mixing starch and dextrin to obtain the auxiliary agent.
Modifying agent: according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 0.01 taking silane coupling agent KH-550 and nano titanium dioxide.
Preparation of carrier base material: according to the mass ratio of 20-30: and 3, mixing 20-30% by mass of sodium metaaluminate solution and sodium bicarbonate in a sealed container, adjusting the pH to 9.2-10.3, introducing carbon dioxide gas at 40-60 ℃ at 3-8L/min, controlling the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas to be more than 0.1MPa, shaking the liquid while introducing the gas, aging, separating, washing and drying after introducing the gas for 3-6 min to obtain the carrier base material.
In the aging step, the aging temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the aging time is 60-90 min;
in the separation washing step, the washing temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the washing times are 5-10; the pH value of the final washing wastewater is 6.8-7.3.
In the drying step, the drying temperature is 85-100 ℃, and the drying time is 4-8 h.
A preparation method of a pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 14-20 parts of carrier base material, 1-3 parts of pesticide avermectin, 0.5-1.8 parts of biomass charcoal, 1-3 parts of dodecyl betaine, 0.1-0.4 part of formaldehyde, 2-5 parts of glycerol, 0.2-0.5 part of auxiliary agent and 110-130 parts of water;
(2) heating water to 35-45 ℃ for heat preservation, adding a mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, a carrier base material and water, mixing and stirring for 30-50 min until swelling, heating to 70-85 ℃, sealing, stirring for 20-35 min at the speed of 200-250 r/min, stirring for 30-55 min at the speed of 400-600 r/min, naturally cooling to room temperature, adding dodecyl betaine, stirring for 30-45 min at the room temperature at the speed of 300r/min to obtain a mixed solution, adding pesticide abamectin, biomass carbon, formaldehyde and an auxiliary agent, stirring at normal temperature to dissolve to obtain a mixed solution, mixing and stirring for 40-60 min at the temperature of 50-65 ℃, adding glycerol, mixing and stirring for 20-40 min, degassing in vacuum at 0.05-0.08 MPa, slowly placing the degassed material on a polytetrafluoroethylene plastic horizontal drying table for drainage and uniform expansion, controlling the temperature to 28-35 ℃ for drying, and obtaining a film A with the film thickness of 0.14-0.20 mm after control and drying, and hot-pressing and laminating the film B with the same size to obtain the pesticide slow-release film based on the polyvinyl alcohol.
Specifically, the preparation method of the film B is basically the same as that of the film A, except that no modifier is added in the mixed polyvinyl alcohol material.
In use, the surface A faces upwards on the lower surface B.
Example 1
A pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10 parts of mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 14 parts of carrier base material, 1 part of pesticide avermectin, 0.5 part of biomass charcoal, 1 part of dodecyl betaine, 0.1 part of formaldehyde, 2 parts of glycerol, 0.2 part of auxiliary agent and 110 parts of water.
Mixing polyvinyl alcohol materials, namely mixing the polyvinyl alcohol with lower molecular weight and the polyvinyl alcohol with higher molecular weight, wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol materials to the polyvinyl alcohol with higher molecular weight is 5: 1: 0.01 is a combination of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 1000, polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 5000, and modifier.
Auxiliary agent: according to the mass ratio of 4: 1, mixing starch and dextrin to obtain the auxiliary agent.
Modifying agent: according to the mass ratio of 3: 0.01 taking silane coupling agent KH-550 and nano titanium dioxide.
Preparation of carrier base material: according to the mass ratio of 20: 3 mixing 30% by mass of sodium metaaluminate solution and sodium bicarbonate in a sealed container, adjusting the pH to 9.6, introducing carbon dioxide gas at 40 ℃ at 3L/min, controlling the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas to be more than 0.1MPa, shaking the liquid while introducing the gas, aging, separating, washing and drying after introducing the gas for 3min to obtain the carrier base material.
In the aging step, the aging temperature is 40 ℃, and the aging time is 60 min;
in the separation washing step, the washing temperature is 30 ℃, and the washing times are 5 times; the final wash wastewater had a pH of 6.8.
In the drying step, the drying temperature is 85 ℃, and the drying time is 4-8 h.
A preparation method of a pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps:
(1) the components are as follows according to parts by weight: 10 parts of mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 14 parts of carrier base material, 1 part of pesticide abamectin, 0.5 part of biomass charcoal, 1 part of dodecyl betaine, 0.1 part of formaldehyde, 2 parts of glycerol, 0.2 part of auxiliary agent and 110 parts of water;
(2) heating water to 35 deg.C, keeping the temperature, adding mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, carrier base material and water, mixing and stirring for 30min until swelling, heating to 70 deg.C, sealing, stirring at the speed of 200r/min for 20min, stirring at the speed of 400r/min for 30min, naturally cooling to room temperature, adding dodecyl betaine, stirring at the room temperature at the speed of 300r/min for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, adding pesticide avermectin, biomass carbon, formaldehyde and an auxiliary agent, stirring at normal temperature until the mixed solution is dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, keeping the temperature at 50 ℃ and stirring for 40min, adding glycerol, mixing and stirring for 20min, vacuum degassing at 0.05MPa, slowly placing the degassed material on a polytetrafluoroethylene plastic horizontal drying table for uniform drainage and development, controlling the temperature to be 28 ℃ for drying, controlling the drying to obtain a film A with the film thickness of 0.15mm, and hot-pressing and attaching with a film B with the same size to obtain the pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol.
Specifically, the preparation method of the film B is basically the same as that of the film A, except that no modifier is added in the mixed polyvinyl alcohol material.
In use, the surface A faces upwards on the lower surface B.
Example 2
A pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15 parts of mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 20 parts of carrier base material, 3 parts of pesticide avermectin, 1.8 parts of biomass charcoal, 3 parts of dodecyl betaine, 0.4 part of formaldehyde, 5 parts of glycerol, 0.5 part of auxiliary agent and 130 parts of water.
Mixing polyvinyl alcohol materials, namely mixing polyvinyl alcohol with lower molecular weight and polyvinyl alcohol with higher molecular weight, wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol materials to the polyvinyl alcohol materials is 8: 3: 0.01 is a combination of polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 2000, polyvinyl alcohol with molecular weight of 8000 and modifier.
Auxiliary agent: according to the mass ratio of 8: 1, mixing starch and dextrin to obtain the auxiliary agent.
Modifying agent: according to the mass ratio of 7: 0.01 taking silane coupling agent KH-550 and nano titanium dioxide.
Preparation of carrier base material: according to the mass ratio of 30: 3 mixing 30% by mass of sodium metaaluminate solution and sodium bicarbonate in a sealed container, adjusting the pH to 10.3, introducing carbon dioxide gas at 60 ℃ at a pressure of more than 0.1MPa at 8L/min, shaking the liquid while introducing the gas, aging, separating, washing and drying the liquid after introducing the gas for 6min to obtain the carrier base material.
In the aging step, the aging temperature is 60 ℃, and the aging time is 90 min;
in the separation washing step, the washing temperature is 50 ℃, and the washing times are 10 times; the final wash wastewater had a pH of 7.3.
In the drying step, the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 8 h.
A preparation method of a pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 20 parts of carrier base material, 3 parts of pesticide avermectin, 1.8 parts of biomass charcoal, 3 parts of dodecyl betaine, 0.4 part of formaldehyde, 5 parts of glycerol, 0.5 part of auxiliary agent and 130 parts of water;
(2) heating water to 45 deg.C, keeping the temperature, adding mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, carrier base material and water, mixing and stirring for 50min until swelling, heating to 85 deg.C, sealing, stirring at the speed of 250r/min for 35min, stirring at the speed of 600r/min for 55min, naturally cooling to room temperature, adding dodecyl betaine, stirring at the room temperature at the speed of 300r/min for 45min to obtain a mixed solution, adding pesticide avermectin, biomass carbon, formaldehyde and an auxiliary agent, stirring at normal temperature until the mixed solution is dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, keeping the temperature at 65 ℃ and stirring for 60min, adding glycerol, mixing and stirring for 40min, vacuum degassing at 0.08MPa, slowly placing the degassed material on a polytetrafluoroethylene plastic horizontal drying table for uniform drainage and development, controlling the temperature to be 35 ℃ for drying, controlling the drying to obtain a film A with the film thickness of 0.15mm, and hot-pressing and attaching with a film B with the same size to obtain the pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol.
Specifically, the preparation method of the film B is basically the same as that of the film A, except that no modifier is added in the mixed polyvinyl alcohol material.
In use, the surface A faces upwards on the lower surface B.
Example 3
A pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following components in parts by weight:
12 parts of mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 17 parts of carrier base material, 2 parts of pesticide abamectin, 0.9 part of biomass charcoal, 2 parts of dodecyl betaine, 0.3 part of formaldehyde, 4 parts of glycerol, 0.3 part of auxiliary agent and 120 parts of water.
Mixing polyvinyl alcohol materials, namely mixing the polyvinyl alcohol with lower molecular weight and the polyvinyl alcohol with higher molecular weight, wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol materials to the polyvinyl alcohol with higher molecular weight is 6: 2: 0.01 is the combination of polyvinyl alcohol with the molecular weight of 1000-2000, polyvinyl alcohol with the molecular weight of 5000-8000 and a modifier.
Auxiliary agent: according to the mass ratio of 6: 1, mixing starch and dextrin to obtain the auxiliary agent.
Modifying agent: according to the mass ratio of 4: 0.01 taking silane coupling agent KH-550 and nano titanium dioxide.
Preparation of carrier base material: according to the mass ratio of 25: and 3, mixing 25 mass percent of sodium metaaluminate solution and sodium bicarbonate in a sealed container, adjusting the pH to 9.8, introducing carbon dioxide gas at 50 ℃ at 5L/min, controlling the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas to be more than 0.1MPa, shaking the liquid while introducing the gas, aging, separating, washing and drying the liquid after introducing the gas for 4min to obtain the carrier base material.
In the aging step, the aging temperature is 50 ℃, and the aging time is 70 min;
in the separation washing step, the washing temperature is 40 ℃, and the washing times are 7; the final wash wastewater had a pH of 7.0.
In the drying step, the drying temperature is 92 ℃ and the drying time is 6 h.
A preparation method of a pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the following components in parts by weight: 12 parts of mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 17 parts of carrier base material, 2 parts of pesticide abamectin, 0.9 part of biomass charcoal, 2 parts of dodecyl betaine, 0.3 part of formaldehyde, 4 parts of glycerol, 0.3 part of auxiliary agent and 120 parts of water;
(2) heating water to 38 deg.C, keeping the temperature, adding mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, carrier base material and water, mixing and stirring for 40min to swell, heating to 80 deg.C, sealing, stirring at the speed of 220r/min for 25min, stirring at the speed of 500r/min for 45min, naturally cooling to room temperature, adding dodecyl betaine, stirring at the room temperature at the speed of 300r/min for 40min to obtain a mixed solution, adding pesticide avermectin, biomass carbon, formaldehyde and an auxiliary agent, stirring at normal temperature until the pesticide avermectin, the biomass carbon, the formaldehyde and the auxiliary agent are dissolved to obtain the mixed solution, keeping the temperature at 55 ℃ and stirring for 50min, adding glycerol, mixing and stirring for 30min, vacuum degassing at 0.07MPa, slowly placing the degassed material on a polytetrafluoroethylene plastic horizontal drying table for drainage and uniform development, controlling to dry to obtain a film A with the film thickness of 0.15mm, and then carrying out hot-pressing lamination with a part of film B with the same size to obtain the pesticide slow-release film based on.
Specifically, the preparation method of the film B is basically the same as that of the film A, except that no modifier is added in the mixed polyvinyl alcohol material.
In use, the surface A faces upwards on the lower surface B.
Soil leaching experiments are carried out on the finished pesticide film products obtained in the examples 1-3 to represent the cumulative release behavior of the pesticide in the slow release film, and the actual results are shown in the following table:
the above table shows that the pesticide film provided by the invention has good slow release performance and application effect.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
10-15 parts of mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 14-20 parts of carrier base material, 1-3 parts of pesticide abamectin, 0.5-1.8 parts of biomass charcoal, 1-3 parts of dodecyl betaine, 0.1-0.4 part of formaldehyde, 2-5 parts of glycerol, 0.2-0.5 part of auxiliary agent and 110-130 parts of water.
2. The polyvinyl alcohol-based pesticide sustained-release film according to claim 1, wherein the mixed polyvinyl alcohol material: according to the mass ratio of 5-8: 1-3: 0.01 mixing polyvinyl alcohol with the molecular weight of 1000-2000, polyvinyl alcohol with the molecular weight of 5000-8000 and a modifier.
3. The polyvinyl alcohol-based pesticide sustained-release film according to claim 2, wherein the modifier: according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 0.01 taking silane coupling agent KH-550 and nano titanium dioxide.
4. The polyvinyl alcohol-based pesticide sustained-release film according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent: according to the mass ratio of 4-8: 1, mixing starch and dextrin to obtain the auxiliary agent.
5. The polyvinyl alcohol-based pesticide sustained-release film according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the carrier base material comprises: according to the mass ratio of 20-30: and 3, mixing 20-30% by mass of sodium metaaluminate solution and sodium bicarbonate in a sealed container, adjusting the pH, introducing carbon dioxide gas at 40-60 ℃, controlling the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas, vibrating the liquid while introducing the gas, aging, separating, washing and drying to obtain the carrier base material.
6. The pesticide slow-release film based on polyvinyl alcohol according to claim 5, wherein the aging temperature in the aging step is 40-60 ℃, and the aging time is 60-90 min.
7. The polyvinyl alcohol-based pesticide slow-release film according to claim 5, wherein in the separation and washing step, the washing temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the washing times are 5-10; the pH value of the final washing wastewater is 6.8-7.3; the temperature in the drying step is 85-100 ℃, and the drying time is 4-8 h.
8. A preparation method of the polyvinyl alcohol-based pesticide sustained-release film according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) taking the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, 14-20 parts of carrier base material, 1-3 parts of pesticide avermectin, 0.5-1.8 parts of biomass charcoal, 1-3 parts of dodecyl betaine, 0.1-0.4 part of formaldehyde, 2-5 parts of glycerol, 0.2-0.5 part of auxiliary agent and 110-130 parts of water;
(2) heating water to 35-45 ℃ for heat preservation, adding a mixed polyvinyl alcohol material, a carrier base material and water for mixing and stirring, heating to 70-85 ℃, sealing and stirring, accelerating stirring, cooling, adding dodecyl betaine, stirring at room temperature to obtain a mixed solution, adding pesticide avermectin, biomass charcoal, formaldehyde and an auxiliary agent, stirring at normal temperature until the mixed solution is dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, carrying out heat preservation and stirring at 50-65 ℃, adding glycerol for mixing and stirring, carrying out vacuum degassing, uniformly spreading a drainage fluid, drying to obtain a membrane A, and carrying out hot-pressing lamination with a membrane B with the same size to obtain the pesticide slow-release membrane based on polyvinyl alcohol.
9. The method for preparing a polyvinyl alcohol-based pesticide sustained-release film according to claim 8, wherein the pressure of the vacuum degassing is 0.05 to 0.08 MPa; controlling the temperature and drying at 28-35 ℃; the thickness of the dried film is 0.16-0.45 mm.
10. The method for preparing a polyvinyl alcohol-based pesticide sustained-release film according to claim 8, wherein the film B is prepared substantially in accordance with the film A except that a modifier is not added to the mixed polyvinyl alcohol material.
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