CN111820339A - Shrimp feed preparation process and shrimp feed prepared by same - Google Patents
Shrimp feed preparation process and shrimp feed prepared by same Download PDFInfo
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- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
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- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 229940095079 dicalcium phosphate anhydrous Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shrimp feed preparation process and a shrimp feed prepared by the same, and relates to the technical field of shrimp feeds; a shrimp feed preparation process comprises the following steps: s1 mixing: weighing shrimp feed raw materials, uniformly mixing, and crushing to prepare a mixture; s2 puffing: introducing water vapor into the mixture for tempering for 3-8min at the tempering temperature of 145-160 ℃ to prepare a tempered material; puffing the seasoning material by using an extrusion puffing machine and cutting to prepare puffed particles; s3 density control: transferring the expanded particles into a density controller, pressurizing with air to reduce the volume of the expanded particles, and pressurizing the expanded particles until the density is not less than 1.02g/ml to obtain a heavy material; s4 drying: drying the heavy material at the temperature of 120-140 ℃ for 35-50min to prepare the shrimp feed. The shrimp feed preparation process has the advantage of being convenient for improving the utilization rate of shrimp feed. The shrimp feed prepared by the shrimp feed preparation process has the advantage of facilitating the predation of shrimp animals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shrimp feed, in particular to a shrimp feed preparation process and a shrimp feed prepared by the shrimp feed preparation process.
Background
The freshwater shrimps, river shrimps, grass shrimps, prawns, crayfish and other shrimp animals contain rich protein, calcium and other nutrient substances, have very high dietotherapy nutrition effects, and with the improvement of the living standard of people, the breeding industry of shrimp aquatic products such as crayfish and the like is rapidly developed. In order to improve the efficiency of feeding shrimp animals, shrimp feed is generally used for feeding shrimp animals. The feed raw material puffing treatment can reduce bacteria and improve the safety of the feed, and the feed raw material puffing treatment is also convenient for the absorption and digestion of shrimp feed of shrimp animals, so the existing shrimp feed preparation process generally prepares the shrimp feed raw materials into the puffing feed.
CN104664148A discloses a shrimp puffed feed formula and a preparation method, the formula of the technical scheme is as follows: 0.03-0.06% of vitamin, 1-2% of mineral, 0.02-0.05% of immune polysaccharide, 5-10% of soybean meal, 10-15% of peanut meal, 5-8% of beer yeast, 15-25% of imported shrimp meal, 5-10% of shrimp meal, 20-30% of high gluten flour, 3-5% of meat meal, 2-4% of shrimp oil and 0.1-0.3% of trace elements; the preparation method disclosed by the technical scheme comprises the following steps: pulverizing, mixing, puffing, granulating, oven drying, and cooling. According to the technical scheme, the shrimp is convenient to absorb and digest the feed by puffing the feed.
However, the feeding of the shrimp animals is generally performed in the feeding pond, the shrimp animals generally prey along the wall of the feeding pond, the shrimp feed is reduced in density after being puffed and easily floats in water, the puffed shrimp feed is easily scattered to various positions of the feeding pond along with the pond water, the shrimp animals are inconvenient to prey intensively along the wall of the feeding pond, and the utilization rate of the shrimp feed is reduced to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the first object of the invention is to provide a shrimp feed preparation process, which has the advantage of facilitating the improvement of the utilization rate of shrimp feed.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a shrimp feed which has the advantage of facilitating the predation of shrimp animals.
In order to achieve the first object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a shrimp feed preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1 mixing: weighing shrimp feed raw materials, uniformly mixing, and crushing to prepare a mixture; the shrimp feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of corn flour, 7-13 parts of wheat flour, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 4-8 parts of peanut meal, 1-3 parts of squid liver paste, 1-2.5 parts of citric acid, 0.5-2.5 parts of acetate starch and 1.5-3.5 parts of konjac flour;
s2 puffing: introducing water vapor into the mixture for tempering for 3-8min at the tempering temperature of 145-160 ℃ to prepare a tempered material; puffing the seasoning material by using an extrusion puffing machine and cutting to prepare puffed particles;
s3 density control: transferring the expanded particles into a density controller, pressurizing with air to reduce the volume of the expanded particles, and pressurizing the expanded particles until the density is not less than 1.02g/ml to obtain a heavy material;
s4 drying: drying the heavy material at the temperature of 120-140 ℃ for 35-50min to prepare the shrimp feed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the shrimp feed is generally used after being puffed, the density of the puffed shrimp feed is reduced, the shrimp feed is easy to float in water, and the puffed shrimp feed particles have certain brittleness, are easy to break through compression treatment, cause overhigh pulverization rate, are inconvenient for feeding animals to take and reduce the utilization rate of the shrimp feed; according to the shrimp feed, the konjac flour is added into shrimp feed raw materials, so that the adjustment of the viscosity of the seasoning material is facilitated, the addition of the starch acetate is helpful for improving the water retention of the puffed particles and improving the flexibility of the puffed particles, the addition of the citric acid is helpful for adjusting the gelatinization degree of the starch raw materials in the steam seasoning process, the formation of elastic colloid is facilitated, and the improvement of the flexibility of the puffed particles is facilitated; this application has increased the density of shrimp feed pellet on keeping the basis of low pulverization rate, puts in the shrimp feed along the rearing pond inner wall during the use, and the shrimp feed pellet is difficult for drifting about along with pond water, and the shrimp animal of being convenient for preys on, helps improving shrimp feed utilization ratio.
Preferably, the shrimp feed raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of corn flour, 8.5-11.5 parts of wheat flour, 6.5-8.5 parts of soybean meal, 5-7 parts of peanut meal, 1.5-2.5 parts of squid liver paste, 1.5-2 parts of citric acid, 1-2 parts of acetate starch and 2-3 parts of konjac flour.
By adopting the technical scheme, the better raw material proportion is used, the viscosity and the flexibility of the puffed particles are improved, the pulverization rate is reduced, and the shrimp feed utilization rate is improved.
Preferably, the particle size of the mixture is not more than 120 μm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the mixture with the proper particle size is used, the brittleness of the expanded particles is favorably adjusted, the pulverization rate is favorably reduced, and the feed utilization rate is improved.
Preferably, the moisture content of the conditioning material is 30-34.5%.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the moisture content of control accent material helps adjusting fodder granule's pliability and fragility, helps reducing the pulverization rate, improves shrimp feed utilization ratio.
Preferably, the density of the heavy material is 1.05-1.1 g/ml.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the density of control heavy burden makes the density of shrimp fodder in suitable scope, puts in shrimp fodder along raising pond inner wall when using, and the shrimp fodder is difficult to be drifted away along with the pond water, and the concentrated predation of the shrimp animal of being convenient for is favorable to improving the utilization ratio of shrimp fodder.
Preferably, the shrimp feed raw material also comprises 1-2 parts by weight of soybean dietary fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the soybean dietary fiber is added into the shrimp feed, which is beneficial to adjusting the water retention and flexibility of the shrimp feed particles, so that the puffed particles are not easy to break, the pulverization rate is reduced, and the shrimp feed utilization rate is improved.
Preferably, the shrimp feed raw material also comprises 0.8-1.5 parts by weight of calcium hydrophosphate.
By adopting the technical scheme, a certain amount of calcium hydrophosphate is added into the shrimp feed, which is beneficial to supplementing nutrient substances such as calcium, phosphorus and the like and improving the nutritional value of shrimp aquatic products.
In order to achieve the second object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a shrimp feed is prepared from the preparation process of the shrimp feed.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, use the shrimp feed preparation technology that this application disclosed to prepare shrimp feed, improve the security of shrimp feed after puffing the processing with shrimp feed raw materials, the shrimp feed animal digestion is raised to the shrimp of being convenient for, increase shrimp feed particle density when keeping low pulverization rate, put in shrimp feed along raising pond inner wall when using, the shrimp feed is difficult to be along with pond water drifts away, the concentrated predation of the shrimp feed animal of being convenient for, is favorable to improving shrimp feed utilization ratio.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the prawn feed raw materials are subjected to puffing treatment, so that the safety of the prawn feed is improved, and the prawn feed is convenient for digestion of prawn breeding animals; the konjac flour is added into the shrimp feed raw material to adjust the viscosity of the conditioning material, the addition of the starch acetate is beneficial to improving the water retention property of the puffed particles and improving the flexibility of the puffed particles, the addition of the citric acid is beneficial to adjusting the gelatinization degree of the starch raw material in the steam conditioning process, the formation of elastic colloid is facilitated, and the improvement of the flexibility of the feed particles is facilitated; the shrimp feed has the advantages that the density of shrimp feed particles is increased while the low pulverization rate is kept, and when the shrimp feed is used, the shrimp feed is put along the inner wall of the feeding pond, so that the shrimp feed is not easy to float along with pond water, concentrated predation of shrimp feeding animals is facilitated, and the shrimp feed utilization rate is improved;
2. according to the method, the pulverization rate is reduced and the shrimp feed utilization rate is improved by adding the soybean dietary fiber, controlling the particle size of the mixture, controlling the water content of the modified material and the like;
3. this application makes the density of shrimp fodder in suitable scope through the density of control heavy burden, puts in shrimp fodder along raising the pond inner wall when using, and the shrimp fodder is difficult to fly away along with the pond water, and the concentrated predation of the shrimp animal of being convenient for is favorable to improving the utilization ratio of shrimp fodder.
Detailed Description
Examples
The raw materials related to the invention are all commercially available, and the types and sources of part of the raw materials are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Specification, type and origin of the raw materials
In the following examples, soybean meal, corn meal, wheat flour, soybean meal and peanut meal were all produced from Sichuan.
Example 1: a shrimp feed preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1 mixing: weighing 12kg of soybean meal, adding 10kg of corn flour, 10kg of wheat flour, 7kg of soybean meal, 6kg of peanut meal, 2kg of squid liver paste, 1.8kg of citric acid, 1.5kg of acetate starch, 2.5kg of konjac flour, 1.5kg of soybean dietary fiber and 1.2kg of calcium hydrophosphate, uniformly mixing, crushing by a crusher, sieving by a sieve with the aperture of 120 mu m, and continuously crushing particles with the particle size of more than 120 mu m until the particle size is not more than 120 mu m to obtain a mixture.
S2 puffing: transferring the mixture into a conditioner at 150 ℃, introducing steam into the conditioner for conditioning for 5min, and adjusting the introduction amount of the steam to ensure that the water content of the mixture is 32% to prepare a conditioned material; puffing the seasoning material by using a double-screw extrusion puffing machine and cutting to prepare puffed particles;
s3 density control: transferring the puffed particles into a density controller (RMD-400, manufactured by Jiaxing Runyang machinery Co., Ltd.), pressurizing with 0.28MPa of air to reduce the volume of the puffed particles, and controlling the pressurizing time to press the puffed particles until the density is 1.08g/ml to obtain heavy materials;
s4 drying: drying the heavy material at 130 deg.C for 40min to obtain shrimp feed product.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that example 2 does not have added soy dietary fiber and otherwise remains the same as example 1.
Example 3
Example 3 differs from example 1 in that example 3 does not add dibasic calcium phosphate and otherwise remains the same as example 1.
Example 4
Example 4 is different from example 1 in that in example 4, the water content of the conditioned material was controlled to 28% by controlling the steam supply amount, and the rest was the same as example 1.
Examples 5 to 12
Examples 5 to 12 differ from example 1 in the amounts of the starting materials added and the process parameters of examples 5 to 12. The particle sizes of the mixed materials in the examples 5-12 are consistent with those in the example 1, the addition amount of each raw material in the examples 5-12 is shown in Table 2, and the process parameters in the examples 5-12 are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 2 addition of the starting materials of examples 5 to 12
TABLE 3 parameters in the procedure of examples 5-12
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is different from example 1 in that comparative example 1 does not add konjac flour, citric acid and acetate starch, and otherwise remains the same as example 1.
Performance detection
Powdering rate: taking 500g of shrimp feed products, sieving the shrimp feed products by using a sieve with the aperture of 100 mu m, collecting fine powder passing through the sieve, weighing the fine powder, and dividing the weight of the fine powder by 500 to obtain the pulverization rate of the shrimp feed products. The results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 shrimp feed product pulverization rate contrast table
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that no konjac flour, citric acid and acetic ester starch are added in the comparative example 1, the prepared shrimp feed product has high pulverization rate, is not beneficial to the ingestion of shrimp breeding animals, has low utilization rate of the shrimp feed, and is not beneficial to the market popularization of the product.
Comparing example 1 and comparative example 1's experimental result, it can be seen that, in shrimp feed preparation process, add konjaku flour, citric acid and acetate starch simultaneously, reuse air pressurization makes the bulking granule density increase, improved shrimp feed pellet's density when keeping low pulverization rate, put in shrimp feed along raising pond inner wall when using, shrimp feed is difficult to be along with pond water drift, be convenient for shrimp class raise animal's concentrated predation, be favorable to improving shrimp feed utilization ratio, improved breed efficiency to a certain extent.
Comparing the experimental results of example 1 and example 2, the shrimp feed prepared in example 2 without adding soybean dietary fiber has increased powdering ratio, which is not good for product market promotion. Comparing the experimental results of example 1 and example 3, example 3 does not add calcium starch phosphate and the prepared shrimp feed product has a slightly increased powdering ratio. Compared with the experimental results of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 4, the moisture content of the modified material is lower in the embodiment 4, the pulverization rate of the prepared shrimp feed product is increased, the feeding efficiency of the shrimp feed is not improved, and the product market popularization is not facilitated.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the addition amounts of the raw materials in the embodiments 5 to 12 are different, the technological parameters are different, the prepared shrimp feed has low pulverization rate and high density of shrimp feed particles, and when the shrimp feed is used, the shrimp feed is put along the inner wall of the feeding pond and is not easy to scatter along with pond water, so that concentrated predation of shrimp feeding animals is facilitated, the shrimp feed utilization rate is improved, and the breeding efficiency is improved to a certain extent.
The double-screw extrusion puffing machine comprises a puffing device, a strip extruding device and a cutter device. The effect of popped device is popped with the quenching and tempering material, and the effect of crowded strip device is to extrude the quenching and tempering material into the strip, the thickness of the steerable strip of the aperture size of extrusion device mould, and cutters's effect is to surely make the fodder strip into the tiny particle, and cutters contains rotatory cutter, the steerable size of cutting the granule of speed of control crowded strip extrusion rate and cutter rotation. The volume of the conditioning material expands by 1.5 to 1.7 times before and after expansion.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A shrimp feed preparation process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 mixing: weighing shrimp feed raw materials, uniformly mixing, and crushing to prepare a mixture; the shrimp feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of corn flour, 7-13 parts of wheat flour, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 4-8 parts of peanut meal, 1-3 parts of squid liver paste, 1-2.5 parts of citric acid, 0.5-2.5 parts of acetate starch and 1.5-3.5 parts of konjac flour;
s2 puffing: introducing water vapor into the mixture for tempering for 3-8min at the tempering temperature of 145-160 ℃ to prepare a tempered material; puffing the seasoning material by using an extrusion puffing machine and cutting to prepare puffed particles;
s3 density control: transferring the expanded particles into a density controller, pressurizing with air to reduce the volume of the expanded particles, and pressurizing the expanded particles until the density is not less than 1.02g/ml to obtain a heavy material;
s4 drying: drying the heavy material at the temperature of 120-140 ℃ for 35-50min to prepare the shrimp feed.
2. The shrimp feed preparation process according to claim 1, wherein the shrimp feed raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of corn flour, 8.5-11.5 parts of wheat flour, 6.5-8.5 parts of soybean meal, 5-7 parts of peanut meal, 1.5-2.5 parts of squid liver paste, 1.5-2 parts of citric acid, 1-2 parts of acetate starch and 2-3 parts of konjac flour.
3. A shrimp feed preparation process according to claim 2, characterized in that: the grain size of the mixture is not more than 120 mu m.
4. A shrimp feed preparation process according to claim 2, characterized in that: the water content of the conditioning material is 30-34.5%.
5. A shrimp feed preparation process according to claim 2, characterized in that: the density of the heavy material is 1.05-1.1 g/ml.
6. A shrimp feed preparation process according to claim 2, characterized in that: the shrimp feed raw material also comprises 1-2 parts by weight of soybean dietary fiber.
7. A shrimp feed preparation process according to claim 2, characterized in that: the raw material of the shrimp feed also comprises 0.8 to 1.5 weight parts of calcium hydrophosphate.
8. A shrimp feed, characterized in that: prepared by a process for preparing a shrimp feed according to any one of claims 1-7.
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| CN202010721363.XA CN111820339A (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Shrimp feed preparation process and shrimp feed prepared by same |
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| CN202010721363.XA CN111820339A (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Shrimp feed preparation process and shrimp feed prepared by same |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112314808A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-05 | 安徽天邦饲料科技有限公司 | Shelled shrimp pellet feed for promoting shell softening and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104664148A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-06-03 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | Formula of expanded feed for shrimps and preparation method |
| CN106605793A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2017-05-03 | 庄祥荣 | Shrimp feed |
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2020
- 2020-07-24 CN CN202010721363.XA patent/CN111820339A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104664148A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-06-03 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | Formula of expanded feed for shrimps and preparation method |
| CN106605793A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2017-05-03 | 庄祥荣 | Shrimp feed |
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| J.KEARNS;叶明荣;: "对虾膨化饲料" * |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112314808A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-05 | 安徽天邦饲料科技有限公司 | Shelled shrimp pellet feed for promoting shell softening and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201027 |