CN111817684B - Magnetic core type 3dB electric bridge - Google Patents
Magnetic core type 3dB electric bridge Download PDFInfo
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- CN111817684B CN111817684B CN202010682591.0A CN202010682591A CN111817684B CN 111817684 B CN111817684 B CN 111817684B CN 202010682591 A CN202010682591 A CN 202010682591A CN 111817684 B CN111817684 B CN 111817684B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
- H03H7/01—Frequency selective two-port networks
- H03H7/0115—Frequency selective two-port networks comprising only inductors and capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The invention provides a magnetic core type 3dB electric bridge, which comprises magnetic core inductances T1-T7 and a plurality of capacitors, wherein each magnetic core inductance comprises a magnetic ring and tightly glued double-stranded enameled wires wound on the magnetic ring. The inductance coil realized by the enameled wire replaces the inductance of the distributed parameters in the traditional 3dB bridge, the capacitor replaces the traditional distributed capacitance, the size of the 3dB bridge is reduced, the structure is simplified, the magnetic core inductance and the capacitor are selected, the magnetic core 3dB bridge of 1 MHz-30 MHz is realized, the isolation degree of the bridge is high, the insertion loss is small, the power capacity is large, and the intermodulation index is excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3dB electrical bridges, in particular to a magnetic core type 3dB electrical bridge.
Background
The directional coupler is a basic and universal microwave/millimeter wave signal separation device, and has a single-directional and a double-directional division. The method is widely used in various fields of microwave technology, and is generally used for signal isolation, separation and mixing, such as power monitoring, source output power amplitude stabilization, signal source isolation and transmission, and the like. The 3dB bridge is a special directional coupler with the coupling degree of 3dB, the coupling arm and the through arm have the same output power, the phase difference of the output signals is 90 degrees, and the input end and the isolation end have enough isolation.
There are many types of 3dB bridges, and in the microwave band, strip line or microstrip line directional couplers, etc., i.e., distributed parameter directional couplers, are generally used. The lengths of the 3dB bridges are all one quarter wavelength, and in a short wave communication system, the 3dB bridges have large size, do not meet the miniaturization requirement and have a complex structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a magnetic core type 3dB bridge to solve the problems of large size and complex structure of the traditional 3dB bridge with distributed parameters.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the magnetic core type 3dB bridge comprises magnetic core inductances T1-T7 and a plurality of capacitors, wherein each magnetic core inductance comprises a magnetic ring and tightly glued double-stranded enameled wires wound on the magnetic ring, the magnetic core inductances T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 are sequentially distributed along a straight line, the magnetic ring central axes of the magnetic core inductances T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 are mutually parallel, the magnetic core inductance T4 and the magnetic core inductance T5 are positioned between the magnetic core inductance T3 and the magnetic core inductance T6 and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the straight line, and the magnetic ring central axes of the magnetic core inductances T4 and T5 are parallel to the straight line;
one end of a first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is an isolation end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded, one end of a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is an input end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, and the other end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded;
one end of a first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7 is a coupling end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 and a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded, one end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7 is a straight-through end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, and the other end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 and the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded;
the common end of any two enamelled wires connected in the magnetic core inductances T1-T7 is grounded through a capacitor, and the middle of a first enamelled wire on each magnetic core inductance in the magnetic core inductances T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 is connected with the middle of a second enamelled wire on the magnetic core inductance through a capacitor.
Optionally, magnetic ring types of the magnetic core inductances T1-T7 are T30-17, T30-3, T44-6, R10K-H10 x 6*5, R10K-H10 x 6*5, T50-2 and T30-6 respectively.
Optionally, the magnetic core type 3dB bridge further comprises a sound absorbing plate, the sound absorbing plate comprises a first layer and a second layer, one side, far away from the second layer, of the first layer is tightly attached to the capacitor, a plurality of through holes penetrating through the first layer are uniformly distributed in the first layer, the through holes are parallel to each other, a cavity is formed in the second layer, and the cavity is communicated with all the through holes.
Alternatively, the resonant frequency of the acoustic panel is equal to the fundamental frequency of the capacitor.
Optionally, the resonant frequency of the acoustic panel is:
wherein f is the resonance frequency of the acoustic panel, c is the sound velocity, p is the ratio of the sum of the areas of all the through holes to the area of the acoustic panel, h is the thickness of the acoustic panel, d is the diameter of the through holes, and l is the thickness of the second layer.
Compared with the prior art, the magnetic core type 3dB bridge has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The inductance coil realized by the enameled wire for the magnetic core type 3dB bridge replaces inductance of distributed parameters in the traditional 3dB bridge, the capacitor replaces traditional distributed capacitance, the size of the 3dB bridge is reduced, the structure is simplified, after the magnetic core inductance and the capacitor are selected, the magnetic core type 3dB bridge of 1 MHz-30 MHz is realized, the isolation degree of the bridge is high, the insertion loss is small, the power capacity is large, and excellent intermodulation indexes are realized;
(2) According to the invention, the sound absorbing plate is properly designed through a specific formula, so that the resonance frequency of the sound absorbing plate is as close as possible to the fundamental frequency of the capacitor, and the sound wave generated by the capacitor resonates with the cavity in the sound absorbing plate, thereby effectively absorbing the noise generated by the capacitor.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic core 3dB electrical bridge of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a magnetic core 3dB electrical bridge of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing intermodulation suppression test results of a 3dB magnetic core bridge of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the sound absorbing panel of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10-an acoustic panel; 101-a first layer; 102-a second layer; 103-via.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the technical aspects of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic core type 3dB bridge of the present embodiment includes magnetic core inductances T1 to T7 and a plurality of capacitors, each of the magnetic core inductances includes a magnetic ring and tightly glued double-stranded enameled wires wound on the magnetic ring, the magnetic core inductances T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 are sequentially distributed along a straight line, central axes of the magnetic rings of the magnetic core inductances T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 are parallel to each other, the magnetic core inductance T4 and the magnetic core inductance T5 are located between the magnetic core inductance T3 and the magnetic core inductance T6 and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the straight line, and central axes of the magnetic rings of the magnetic core inductances T4, T5 are parallel to the straight line.
One end of a first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is an isolation end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded, one end of a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is an input end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, and the other end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded.
One end of a first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductance T7 is a coupling end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductance T7, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductance T6 and a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductance T4 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded, one end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductance T7 is a straight-through end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, and the other end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductance T7, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductance T6 and the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductance T5 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded.
The common end of any two enamelled wires connected in the magnetic core inductances T1-T7 is grounded through a capacitor, and the middle of a first enamelled wire on each magnetic core inductance in the magnetic core inductances T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 is connected with the middle of a second enamelled wire on the magnetic core inductance through a capacitor. Specifically, the middle of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is connected with the middle of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 through a capacitor C1, the common end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2 is grounded through a capacitor C2, the common end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 and the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2 is grounded through a capacitor C3, the middle of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2 is connected with the middle of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2 through a capacitor C4, the common end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 is grounded through a capacitor C5, the common end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2 and the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 is grounded through a capacitor C6, the middle of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 is connected with the middle of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 through a capacitor C7, the common end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 is grounded through a capacitor C8, the common end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 is grounded through a capacitor C9, the common end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 is grounded through a capacitor C10, the common end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 and the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 is grounded through a capacitor C11, the middle of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 is connected with the middle of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 through a capacitor C12, the common end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7 is grounded through a capacitor C13, the common end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 and the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7 is grounded through a capacitor C14, the middle of the first enamelled wire on the magnetic core inductance T7 is connected with the middle of the second enamelled wire on the magnetic core inductance T7 through a capacitor C15. Thus the present embodiment uses fifteen capacitors in total.
In the embodiment, magnetic rings of the magnetic core inductances T1-T7 are ferrite high-frequency magnetic rings, and the types of the magnetic rings are T30-17, T30-3, T44-6, R10K-H10 x 6*5, R10K-H10 x 6*5, T50-2 and T30-6 respectively. The parameters of the capacitors C1 to C15 were 77.3pF, 19.7pF, 19.6pF, 10nF, 9.88pF, 27pF, 363.5pF, 10pF, 66.1pF, 9.8pF, 10.3pF, 2nF, 75.5pF, 44.5pF, 173.6pF, respectively. It can be seen that the inductance coil implemented by the enameled wire replaces the inductance of the distributed parameters in the traditional 3dB bridge, the capacitor replaces the traditional distributed capacitance, the size of the 3dB bridge is reduced, the structure is simplified, after the magnetic core inductance and the capacitor are selected, the magnetic core type 3dB bridge of 1 MHz-30 MHz is implemented, the isolation degree of the bridge is high, the insertion loss is small, the power capacity is large, as shown in fig. 3, the intermodulation suppression degree of the bridge is 65.4dBc, and the intermodulation index is excellent.
In this embodiment, since a large number of capacitors are used, the capacitors are generally regarded as low noise devices, but radiate a relatively high level of noise when a large amount of harmonic current flows therethrough, and thus the preferential core type 3dB bridge of this embodiment further includes an acoustic panel 10 made of epoxy resin, the acoustic panel 10 including a first layer 101 and a second layer 102, the first layer 101 being closely attached to the capacitors on a side remote from the second layer 102, a plurality of through holes 103 penetrating the first layer 101 being uniformly distributed in the first layer 101, the plurality of through holes 103 being parallel to each other, and a cavity being provided in the second layer 102, the cavity being in communication with all of the through holes 103. Thus, after the sound wave radiated by the capacitor enters the through hole 103, the cavity in the second layer 102 is excited to vibrate, the air column in the through hole 103 reciprocates, and vibration friction is carried out on the inner wall surface of the through hole 103, so that the sound energy is lost due to viscous damping and heat conduction, and the purpose of sound absorption is achieved. Since the capacitor-loaded fundamental voltage is relatively large, there is a fundamental voltage referenceThe larger vibration amplitude of the frequency band is a main source of noise, and it is further preferable that the resonance frequency of the acoustic panel 10 is equal to the fundamental frequency of the capacitor, so that the resonance between the sound wave and the cavity in the second layer 102 can be generated, and the noise reduction effect of the acoustic panel 10 can be improved. The resonance frequency calculation formula of the acoustic panel 10 in this embodiment is:
where f is the resonant frequency of the acoustic panel 10, c is the speed of sound, p is the ratio of the sum of the areas of all the through holes 103 to the area of the acoustic panel 10, h is the thickness of the acoustic panel 10, d is the diameter of the through holes 103, and l is the thickness of the second layer 102. In this way, a suitable structural design can be made by the above formula to achieve a resonance frequency of the acoustic panel 10 as close as possible to the fundamental frequency of the capacitor.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The magnetic core type 3dB bridge is characterized by comprising magnetic core inductances T1-T7 and a plurality of capacitors, wherein each magnetic core inductance comprises a magnetic ring and tightly glued double-stranded enameled wires wound on the magnetic ring, the magnetic core inductances T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 are sequentially distributed along a straight line, the magnetic ring central axes of the magnetic core inductances T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 are mutually parallel, the magnetic core inductance T4 and the magnetic core inductance T5 are positioned between the magnetic core inductances T3 and T6 and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the straight line, and the magnetic ring central axes of the magnetic core inductances T4 and T5 are parallel to the straight line;
one end of a first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is an isolation end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded, one end of a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is an input end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, and the other end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded;
one end of a first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7 is a coupling end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 and a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded, one end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7 is a straight-through end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, and the other end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 and the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded;
the common end of any two enamelled wires connected in the magnetic core inductances T1-T7 is grounded through a capacitor, and the middle of a first enamelled wire on each magnetic core inductance in the magnetic core inductances T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 is connected with the middle of a second enamelled wire on the magnetic core inductance through a capacitor.
2. The magnetic core 3dB bridge of claim 1, wherein magnetic loop types of magnetic core inductances T1-T7 are T30-17, T30-3, T44-6, R10K-H10 x 6*5, R10K-H10 x 6*5, T50-2, T30-6, respectively.
3. The magnetic core type 3dB bridge as recited in claim 1, further comprising a sound absorbing plate (10), wherein the sound absorbing plate (10) comprises a first layer (101) and a second layer (102), the capacitor is closely attached to one side of the first layer (101) away from the second layer (102), a plurality of through holes (103) penetrating the first layer (101) are uniformly distributed in the first layer (101), the plurality of through holes (103) are parallel to each other, a cavity is formed in the second layer (102), and the cavity is communicated with all the through holes (103).
4. A magnetic core 3dB bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that the resonance frequency of the acoustic panel (10) is equal to the fundamental frequency of the capacitor.
5. A magnetic core 3dB bridge as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the acoustic panel (10) is co-locatedThe vibration frequency is as follows:
wherein f is the resonance frequency of the acoustic panel (10), c is the sound velocity, p is the ratio of the sum of the areas of all the through holes (103) to the area of the acoustic panel (10), h is the thickness of the acoustic panel (10), d is the diameter of the through holes (103), and l is the thickness of the second layer (102). />
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| CN202010682591.0A CN111817684B (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2020-07-15 | Magnetic core type 3dB electric bridge |
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