CN111812870A - Display panel and display device - Google Patents
Display panel and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111812870A CN111812870A CN202010638684.3A CN202010638684A CN111812870A CN 111812870 A CN111812870 A CN 111812870A CN 202010638684 A CN202010638684 A CN 202010638684A CN 111812870 A CN111812870 A CN 111812870A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133514—Colour filters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/1368—Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a display panel and a display device, the display panel comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the color film substrate and the array substrate, the display panel is provided with a first visual angle display area and a second visual angle display area, the first visual angle display area comprises first visual angle display pixels, the second visual angle display area comprises second visual angle display pixels, the color film substrate is provided with a common electrode, the array substrate is provided with a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode which are matched with the common electrode, the first pixel electrode corresponds to the first visual angle display pixels, the second pixel electrode corresponds to the second visual angle display pixels, the liquid crystal layer comprises a first liquid crystal layer corresponding to the first visual angle display area and a second liquid crystal layer corresponding to the second visual angle display area, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer close to one side of the color film substrate is vertical to the alignment direction of the array substrate close to one side of the array substrate, the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer close to one side of the color film substrate is parallel to the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer close to one side of the array substrate.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display technologies, and in particular, to a display panel and a display device.
Background
With the development of display technology, people can make life more convenient with the help of displays, and Flat Panel Displays (FPDs) are becoming the mainstream of the present, and among them, Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) are most popular for their light and thin characteristics. However, in order to allow the user to view different display images when viewing the display from different angles, for example, in the vehicle-mounted display system, when the driver is driving, the driver should be prevented from viewing the display contents irrelevant to driving, and the co-driver can normally view the display contents to prevent the driving safety from being affected, so that a multi-view liquid crystal display is developed.
Generally, the multi-view liquid crystal display can be achieved by grating (barrier) shading, lenticular (prism) refraction, or prism (prism) refraction. The grating shading mode is that the grating is arranged outside the upper polarizing plate, and the transmission direction of the backlight source is controlled by the layer of grating. The cylindrical mirror refraction mode or prism refraction mode is that a cylindrical mirror or a prism is configured in the backlight module, and the cylindrical mirror or the prism is used for controlling the transmission direction of the backlight source. However, the above method of realizing light splitting by using the film layer structure has the disadvantages of difficult manufacturing, high cost, difficult control of light splitting effect and low feasibility.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a display panel and a display device, so as to solve the problems of difficulty in manufacturing a multi-view liquid crystal display and high cost in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a display panel, which comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the color film substrate and the array substrate, wherein the display panel comprises a first visual angle display area for displaying a normal visual angle picture and a second visual angle display area for displaying an oblique visual angle picture, the first visual angle display area comprises a plurality of first visual angle display pixels, the second visual angle display area comprises a plurality of second visual angle display pixels, a common electrode is arranged on the color film substrate, the array substrate is provided with a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode which are matched with the common electrode, the first pixel electrode corresponds to the first visual angle display pixels, the second pixel electrode corresponds to the second visual angle display pixels, the liquid crystal layer comprises a first liquid crystal layer corresponding to the first visual angle display area and a second liquid crystal layer corresponding to the second visual angle display area, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer close to one side of the color film substrate is vertical to the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer close to one side of the array substrate, and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer close to one side of the color film substrate is parallel to the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer close to one side of the array substrate.
Furthermore, the array substrate is defined by a plurality of scanning lines, a plurality of first data lines and a plurality of second data lines in an insulated and crossed manner on one side facing the liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of pixel units, the pixel units correspond to the first visual angle display pixels and the pixel units correspond to the second visual angle display pixels one by one, a thin film transistor is arranged in each pixel unit, the first pixel electrode is electrically connected with the scanning lines and the first data lines which are adjacent to the thin film transistors through the thin film transistors, and the second pixel electrode is electrically connected with the scanning lines and the second data lines which are adjacent to the thin film transistors through the thin film transistors.
Furthermore, the first viewing angle display area is long strip and corresponds to three rows of the pixel units, the second viewing angle display area is long strip and corresponds to one row of the pixel units, and the first viewing angle display area and the second viewing angle display area are alternately distributed.
Furthermore, the first viewing angle display area is strip-shaped and corresponds to a row of the pixel units, the second viewing angle display area is strip-shaped and corresponds to a row of the pixel units, and the first viewing angle display area and the second viewing angle display area are alternately distributed.
Further, a colored resist layer is arranged in a region of the color film substrate corresponding to the first viewing angle display pixels, and a region of the color film substrate corresponding to the second viewing angle display pixels is in a transparent state, or colored resist layers are arranged in regions of the color film substrate corresponding to the first viewing angle display pixels and the second viewing angle display pixels.
Furthermore, the array substrate is also provided with a third pixel electrode matched with the second pixel electrode, the third pixel electrode corresponds to the second visual angle display pixel, the third pixel electrode is electrically connected with the scanning line and the first data line which are adjacent to the thin film transistor through the thin film transistor, and the second pixel electrode and the third pixel electrode are positioned on different layers and are insulated and isolated.
Furthermore, the second pixel electrode is located below the third pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode is a block electrode, and the third pixel electrode is a comb-shaped electrode with a slit.
Furthermore, the common electrode is a planar electrode entirely covering the color filter substrate, and the first pixel electrode is a block electrode.
Furthermore, an upper polarizer is arranged on the color film substrate, a lower polarizer is arranged on the array substrate, a transmission axis of the upper polarizer is parallel to the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer near one side of the color film substrate, and a transmission axis of the lower polarizer is parallel to the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer near one side of the array substrate.
The invention also provides a display device comprising the display panel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the display panel comprises a first visual angle display area for displaying a normal visual angle picture and a second visual angle display area for displaying an oblique visual angle picture, wherein the first visual angle display area comprises a plurality of first visual angle display pixels, the second visual angle display area comprises a plurality of second visual angle display pixels, the display panel comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the color film substrate and the array substrate, the color film substrate is provided with a common electrode, the array substrate is provided with a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode which are matched with the common electrode, the first pixel electrode corresponds to the first visual angle display pixels, the second pixel electrode corresponds to the second visual angle display pixels, the liquid crystal layer comprises a first liquid crystal layer corresponding to the first visual angle display area and a second liquid crystal layer corresponding to the second visual angle display area, the direction of the first liquid crystal layer close to one side of the array substrate is vertical to the alignment direction of the array substrate close to one side of the array substrate, the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer close to one side of the color film substrate is parallel to the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer close to one side of the array substrate. The first visual angle display area adopts a TN display mode, a narrow visual angle of the TN display mode is used for displaying a front visual angle picture, liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer are driven to incline through the second pixel electrode in the second visual angle display area, and the second visual angle display area is used for displaying an oblique visual angle picture, so that the display panel can display different pictures at different visual angles simultaneously.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view illustrating a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a display panel displaying at different viewing angles according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic plan structure diagram of a color film substrate according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic plan view illustrating an array substrate according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display panel in the initial state along the direction A-A in FIG. 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 3 illustrating a display panel in a dual viewing angle display state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 3 when the display panel is in an oblique-view display state according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view simulation diagram illustrating a dual-view display state of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a transmittance simulation of a display panel in a display area with a first viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a transmittance simulation of a display panel in a display area with a second viewing angle according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display panel along the direction A-A in FIG. 3 in a dual-view display mode according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 3 illustrating a display panel in a front view state according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic plan view of an array substrate according to a second embodiment of the invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic plan structure view of a color filter substrate according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic plan view of an array substrate according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B in FIG. 14 illustrating a display panel in a dual viewing angle display state according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display panel in the oblique-view display state along the direction B-B in fig. 14 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the display panel and the display device according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments is as follows:
[ example one ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a display panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a display panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a color filter substrate according to a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of an array substrate according to a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the display panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention in an initial state along a-a direction in fig. 3, fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the display panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a dual-view display state along a-a direction in fig. 3, fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the display panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention in an oblique-view display state along a-a direction in fig. 3, fig. 8 is a schematic view simulation diagram of the display panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a dual-view display state, fig. 9 is a schematic view simulation diagram of a, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a transmittance simulation of a display panel in a display area with a second viewing angle according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, a display panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a first viewing angle display area I1 for displaying a front viewing angle picture H1 and a second viewing angle display area I2 for displaying an oblique viewing angle picture H2, wherein the first viewing angle display area I1 includes a plurality of first viewing angle display pixels P1, and the second viewing angle display area I2 includes a plurality of second viewing angle display pixels P2.
The display panel includes a color filter substrate 10, an array substrate 20 disposed opposite to the color filter substrate 10, and a liquid crystal layer 30 located between the color filter substrate 10 and the array substrate 20. The color filter substrate 10 is provided with a common electrode 13, the array substrate 20 is provided with a first pixel electrode 21 and a second pixel electrode 22 matched with the common electrode 13, the first pixel electrode 21 corresponds to a first viewing angle display pixel P1, the second pixel electrode 22 corresponds to a second viewing angle display pixel P2, and the liquid crystal layer 30 includes a first liquid crystal layer 31 corresponding to the first viewing angle display area I1 and a second liquid crystal layer 32 corresponding to the second viewing angle display area I2. The alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 31 on the side close to the color filter substrate 10 is perpendicular to the alignment direction on the side close to the array substrate 20, that is, the first viewing angle display area I1 is a TN display mode, liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 31 are distributed on the color filter substrate 10 and the array substrate 20 in a twisted 90 ° manner, for example, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 31 on the side close to the color filter substrate 10 is 0 °, and the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 31 on the side close to the array substrate 20 is 270 °. The alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 32 on the side close to the color filter substrate 10 is parallel to the alignment direction on the side close to the array substrate 20, preferably antiparallel. The first liquid crystal layer 31 and the second liquid crystal layer 32 have the same alignment direction on the side close to the array substrate 20, and of course, the first liquid crystal layer 31 and the second liquid crystal layer 32 may have the same alignment direction on the side close to the color filter substrate 10.
Further, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 are positive liquid crystal molecules, and the positive liquid crystal molecules have the advantage of fast response. As shown in fig. 5, in an initial state (i.e., a state where no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 are in a lying posture substantially parallel to the color filter substrate 10 and the array substrate 20, i.e., the long axis direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules is substantially parallel to the surfaces of the color filter substrate 10 and the array substrate 20. A small initial pretilt angle may be provided between the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 32 and the color filter substrate 10 and the array substrate 20, and the range of the initial pretilt angle may be less than or equal to 10 degrees, that is: 0 DEG ≦ theta ≦ 10 deg.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the array substrate 20 is defined by a plurality of scan lines 1, a plurality of first data lines 2, and a plurality of second data lines 3 crossing each other in an insulating manner on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 30 to form a plurality of pixel units SP, the pixel units SP correspond to the first viewing angle display pixels P1 and the pixel units SP correspond to the second viewing angle display pixels P2 one by one, each pixel unit SP is provided with a thin film transistor 4, the first pixel electrode 21 is electrically connected to the scan lines 1 and the first data lines 2 adjacent to the thin film transistors 4 through the thin film transistors 4, and the second pixel electrode 22 is electrically connected to the scan lines 1 and the second data lines 3 adjacent to the thin film transistors 4 through the thin film transistors 4. The first data line 2 is used for inputting a frame driving signal to the first pixel electrode 21 to control the first viewing angle display area I1 to display a forward viewing angle frame H1, and the second data line 3 is used for inputting a frame driving signal to the second pixel electrode 22 to control the second viewing angle display area I2 to display an oblique viewing angle frame H2. The thin film transistor 4 includes a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode and a source electrode, the gate electrode and the scan line 1 are located in the same layer and electrically connected, the gate electrode and the active layer are isolated by an insulating layer, the source electrode and the data line are electrically connected, and the drain electrode and the pixel electrode are electrically connected through a contact hole.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the first viewing angle display area I1 is elongated and corresponds to three rows of pixel units SP, the second viewing angle display area I2 is elongated and corresponds to one row of pixel units SP, and the first viewing angle display area I1 and the second viewing angle display area I2 are alternately distributed, i.e., the extending directions of the first viewing angle display area I1 and the second viewing angle display area I2 are parallel to the data lines. Accordingly, three first data lines 2 and one second data line 3 are repeatedly arranged on the array substrate 20 in a cycle. Of course, in other embodiments, the extending directions of the first viewing angle display area I1 and the second viewing angle display area I2 may also be parallel to the scan line 1.
In this embodiment, the color filter substrate 10 is provided with the color resist layer 12 in a region corresponding to the first viewing angle display pixel P1, and the color filter substrate 10 is in a transparent state in a region corresponding to the second viewing angle display pixel P2. The color resist layer 12 includes color resist materials of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) to form sub-pixels of the three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), respectively. The color film substrate 10 is further provided with black matrixes 11 corresponding to the scanning lines 1, the first data lines 2 and the second data lines 3, the black matrixes 11 are transversely and longitudinally staggered to form a net shape, and the color resistance layers 12 are spaced through the black matrixes 11. The region of the color filter substrate 10 corresponding to the second viewing angle display pixel P2 may be filled with a transparent insulating layer. The first viewing angle display area I1 displays a color image of the normal viewing angle image H1, and the second viewing angle display area I2 displays a black-and-white image of the oblique viewing angle image H2.
Further, the common electrode 13 is a planar electrode covering the entire surface of the color filter substrate 10, and both the first pixel electrode 21 and the second pixel electrode 22 are block electrodes.
In other embodiments, the common electrode 13 may also be a block electrode, and a plurality of block electrodes respectively cover the first viewing angle display pixel P1 and the second viewing angle display pixel P2, and the plurality of block electrodes are connected together or independent of each other.
In this embodiment, the color filter substrate 10 is provided with an upper polarizer 41, the array substrate 20 is provided with a lower polarizer 42, a transmission axis of the upper polarizer 41 is parallel to an alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 31 near the color filter substrate 10, and a transmission axis of the lower polarizer 42 is parallel to an alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 31 near the array substrate 20.
The color film substrate 10 and the array substrate 20 may be made of transparent materials such as glass, acrylic acid, polycarbonate, and the like. The material of the common electrode 13, the first pixel electrode 21, and the second pixel electrode 22 may be a transparent electrode such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO).
As shown in fig. 8, a curve M1 is a simulation curve of the first viewing angle display area I1, a curve M2 is a simulation curve of the second viewing angle display area I2, an abscissa is a viewing angle, and an ordinate is luminance, it can be seen from the figure that the viewing angle range of the first viewing angle display area I1 is between-10 ° and 20 °, and the optimal viewing angle is 10 °; the viewing angle range of the second viewing angle display area I2 is between-80 degrees and-30 degrees and between 30 degrees and 80 degrees, and the optimal viewing angle is +/-60 degrees. The optimal visual angle of the first visual angle display area I1 is over against the copilot and the optimal visual angle of the second visual angle display area I2 is over against the driver by adjusting the proper installation position of the display panel, so that the driver can watch black and white maps, the copilot can normally watch color pictures, the driver is prevented from watching display contents irrelevant to driving, and the driving safety is prevented from being influenced. Of course, the display panel can also be used in a shopping mall, one picture is displayed on the left side and the right side, the other picture is displayed in a front view mode, two different pictures can be displayed through one display panel, and the occupied space of the display panel is saved.
As shown in fig. 9, a state of the transmittance of the first viewing angle display area I1 with respect to voltage at a viewing angle of 0 ° (front view) and a viewing angle of 65 ° (oblique view) was simulated, with the abscissa representing the voltage difference between the first pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 13 and the ordinate representing the light transmittance. At 0-2V, the penetration rates of the 0-degree visual angle and the 65-degree visual angle are both high, namely, the pictures displayed in the first visual angle display area I1 can be seen from the front visual angle and the squint visual angle. When the pressure difference is greater than 2.2-3.5V, the penetration rate at the 0-degree viewing angle is larger, and the penetration rate at the 65-degree viewing angle is smaller, namely, the front viewing angle can see the picture displayed in the first viewing angle display area I1, and the oblique viewing angle cannot see the picture displayed in the first viewing angle display area I1. When the pressure difference is greater than 4V, the transmittances of the 0 ° viewing angle and the 65 ° viewing angle are both small, that is, the picture displayed in the first viewing angle display area I1 cannot be seen from both the front viewing angle and the squint viewing angle, and the first viewing angle display area I1 is in a black state. Therefore, the driving voltage of the first pixel electrode 21 is preferably 2.2 to 5.5V.
As shown in fig. 10, the state of the transmittance of the second viewing angle display area I2 with respect to voltage at the viewing angle of 0 ° (front view) and the viewing angle of 65 ° (oblique view) was simulated, the abscissa is the voltage difference between the second pixel electrode 22 and the common electrode 13, and the ordinate is the light transmittance. No matter how large the voltage difference is, the transmittance at the viewing angle of 0 ° is small, that is, the picture displayed in the second viewing angle display area I2 cannot be seen at the front viewing angle, and at 0-2V, the transmittance at the viewing angle of 65 ° is small, that is, the second viewing angle display area I2 is in a black state, and at more than 2.2V, the transmittance at the viewing angle of 65 ° is large, that is, the second viewing angle display area I2 is in a white state, so the driving voltage of the second pixel electrode 22 is preferably 2.2-4.5V.
As shown in fig. 6, during the bidirectional viewing angle display, a dc common voltage is applied to the common electrode 13, and a driving voltage corresponding to the positive viewing angle picture H1, for example, a gray scale voltage of 0 to 255, is applied to the first pixel electrode 21, so that the first viewing angle display area I1 displays a normal picture. The second pixel electrode 22 applies a driving voltage corresponding to the oblique view picture H2, such as a gray scale voltage of 0-255, so that the second view display area I2 displays a normal picture, and the oblique view picture H2 includes a left view picture and a right view picture.
As shown in fig. 7, in the oblique viewing angle display, a dc common voltage is applied to the common electrode 13, and a maximum driving voltage (e.g., 5.5V) is applied to the first pixel electrode 21, so that the first viewing angle display area I1 is in a black state. The second pixel electrode 22 applies a driving voltage corresponding to the oblique view picture H2, such as a gray scale voltage of 0-255, so that the second view display area I2 displays a normal picture. Of course, only the front view angle image H1 may be displayed, the dc common voltage may be applied to the common electrode 13, and the driving voltage corresponding to the front view angle image H1, for example, the gray scale voltage of 0 to 255, may be applied to the first pixel electrode 21, so that the first view angle display area I1 displays a normal image. And no voltage is applied to the second pixel electrode 22, so that the second viewing angle display area I2 is in a black state. That is, the front view screen H1 and the squint view screen H2 are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other.
[ example two ]
Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the display panel along the direction a-a in fig. 3 in a dual-view display state according to the second embodiment of the present invention, fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the display panel along the direction a-a in fig. 3 in a front-view display state according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 13 is a schematic plan structure view of the array substrate according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 11 to 13, the display panel according to the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the display panel according to the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 10), except that in this embodiment, the array substrate 20 is further provided with a third pixel electrode 23 matching with the second pixel electrode 22, the third pixel electrode 23 corresponds to the second viewing angle display pixel P2, the third pixel electrode 23 is electrically connected to the scan line 1 and the first data line 2 adjacent to the thin film transistor 4 through the thin film transistor 4, and the second pixel electrode 22 and the third pixel electrode 23 are located at different layers and insulated from each other.
Further, the second pixel electrode 22 is located below the third pixel electrode 23, the second pixel electrode 22 is a block electrode, and the third pixel electrode 23 is a comb-shaped electrode having a slit.
As shown in fig. 11, in the bidirectional viewing angle display, a dc common voltage is applied to the common electrode 13, and a driving voltage corresponding to the positive viewing angle picture H1, for example, a gray scale voltage of 0 to 255, is applied to the first pixel electrode 21, so that the first viewing angle display area I1 displays a normal picture. The second pixel electrode 22 and the third pixel electrode 23 apply the same voltage, i.e. apply a driving voltage corresponding to the squint angle picture H2, such as a gray scale voltage of 0-255, so that the second viewing angle display area I2 displays a normal picture, and the squint angle picture H2 includes a left viewing angle picture and a right viewing angle picture.
As shown in fig. 12, in displaying the positive viewing angle image H1, a dc common voltage is applied to the common electrode 13, and a driving voltage corresponding to the positive viewing angle image H1, for example, a gray scale voltage of 0 to 255, is applied to the first pixel electrode 21, so that the first viewing angle display area I1 displays a normal image. When the front view angle picture H1 near the second view angle display pixel P2 displays white, no voltage is applied to the second pixel electrode 22, a driving voltage corresponding to the front view angle picture H1, for example, a grayscale voltage of 255 is applied to the third pixel electrode 23, at this time, the second pixel electrode 22 acts as a common voltage for the third pixel electrode 23 and forms a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode, a horizontal electric field is formed between the second pixel electrode 22 and the third pixel electrode 23, and the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 32 are deflected in the horizontal direction, so that the second view angle display pixel P2 displays white, thereby improving the contrast displayed by the front view angle picture H1.
In contrast to the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, by disposing the third pixel electrode 23 on the second pixel electrode 22, when only the front view image H1 is displayed, the second viewing angle display pixel P2 in the second viewing angle display area I2 can also participate in the white display of the front view image H1, so as to improve the brightness and contrast of the front view image H1.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ third example ]
Fig. 14 is a schematic plan structure view of a color filter substrate according to a third embodiment of the present invention, fig. 15 is a schematic plan structure view of an array substrate according to the third embodiment of the present invention, fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a display panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention, in a dual-viewing-angle display state, along a direction B-B in fig. 14, and fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the display panel according to the third embodiment of the present invention, in an oblique-viewing-angle display state, along the direction B-B in fig. 14. As shown in fig. 14 to 17, a display panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the display panel according to the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 10), except that in the present embodiment, the first viewing angle display area I1 is long and corresponds to one row of pixel units SP, the second viewing angle display area I2 is long and corresponds to one row of pixel units SP, and the first viewing angle display area I1 and the second viewing angle display area I2 are alternately distributed. That is, one first data line 2 and one second data line 3 are periodically and repeatedly arranged on the array substrate 20. Therefore, the front-view picture H1 displayed in the first view angle display area I1 and the squint-angle picture H2 displayed in the second view angle display area I2 are more uniform, and the difference between the resolutions of the front-view picture H1 and the squint-angle picture H2 is smaller. Of course, in other embodiments, the first viewing angle display area I1 may correspond to three rows of pixel units SP (one row of red first viewing angle display pixels P1, one row of green first viewing angle display pixels P1 and one row of blue first viewing angle display pixels P1), the second viewing angle display area I2 may correspond to three rows of pixel units SP (one row of red second viewing angle display pixels P2, one row of green second viewing angle display pixels P2 and one row of blue second viewing angle display pixels P2), and the first viewing angle display area I1 and the second viewing angle display area I2 are alternately distributed.
Further, the color filter substrate 10 is provided with a color resist layer 12 in the regions corresponding to the first viewing angle display pixel P1 and the second viewing angle display pixel P2. The color filter comprises color resistance materials of three colors of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) to respectively form sub-pixels of the three colors of red (R), green (G) and blue (B). As shown in fig. 14, a row of red first viewing angle display pixels P1, a row of green first viewing angle display pixels P1 and a row of blue first viewing angle display pixels P1 in the first viewing angle display area I1 are arranged in a periodic manner. In the second viewing angle display region I2, a row of red second viewing angle display pixels P2, a row of green second viewing angle display pixels P2, and a row of blue second viewing angle display pixels P2 are arranged in a periodic repeating manner. Therefore, the second viewing angle display area I2 can also display color images to improve the color of the oblique viewing angle image H2.
Compared with the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, the first viewing angle display area I1 and the second viewing angle display area I2 are both corresponding to a column of pixel units SP and are alternately distributed, so that the difference between the resolutions of the positive viewing angle picture H1 and the oblique viewing angle picture H2 is reduced; in addition, the color filter substrate 10 is also provided with a color resist layer 12 in a region corresponding to the second viewing angle display pixel P2, so as to improve the color of the oblique viewing angle picture H2.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
The invention also provides a display device comprising the display panel.
In this document, the terms of upper, lower, left, right, front, rear and the like are used to define the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, and are only used for the sake of clarity and convenience in technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims. It is also to be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting in number or order.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A display panel comprises a color film substrate (10), an array substrate (20) arranged opposite to the color film substrate (10) and a liquid crystal layer (30) positioned between the color film substrate (10) and the array substrate (20), and is characterized in that the display panel comprises a first visual angle display area (I1) used for displaying a front visual angle picture (H1) and a second visual angle display area (I2) used for displaying an oblique visual angle picture (H2), the first visual angle display area (I1) comprises a plurality of first visual angle display pixels (P1), the second visual angle display area (I2) comprises a plurality of second visual angle display pixels (P2), a common electrode (13) is arranged on the color film substrate (10), the array substrate (20) is provided with a first pixel electrode (21) and a second pixel electrode (22) matched with the common electrode (13), and the first pixel electrode (21) and the first visual angle display pixels (P1) correspond to each other, the second pixel electrode (22) corresponds to the second viewing angle display pixel (P2), the liquid crystal layer (30) includes a first liquid crystal layer (31) corresponding to the first viewing angle display area (I1) and a second liquid crystal layer (32) corresponding to the second viewing angle display area (I2), an alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer (31) near the color filter substrate (10) is perpendicular to an alignment direction of the array substrate (20), and an alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer (32) near the color filter substrate (10) is parallel to the alignment direction of the array substrate (20).
2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the array substrate (20) defines a plurality of pixel units (SP) on a side facing the liquid crystal layer (30) by a plurality of scan lines (1) and a plurality of first data lines (2) and a plurality of second data lines (3) crossing each other in an insulating manner, the pixel units (SP) and the first viewing angle display pixels (P1) and the pixel units (SP) and the second viewing angle display pixels (P2) are in one-to-one correspondence, each pixel unit (SP) is internally provided with a thin film transistor (4), the first pixel electrode (21) is electrically connected with the scanning line (1) and the first data line (2) which are adjacent to the thin film transistor (4) through the thin film transistor (4), the second pixel electrode (22) is electrically connected with the scanning line (1) and the second data line (3) which are adjacent to the thin film transistor (4) through the thin film transistor (4).
3. The display panel of claim 2, wherein the first viewing angle display region (I1) is elongated and corresponds to three rows of the pixel units (SP), the second viewing angle display region (I2) is elongated and corresponds to one row of the pixel units (SP), and the first viewing angle display region (I1) and the second viewing angle display region (I2) are alternately disposed.
4. The display panel of claim 2, wherein the first viewing angle display regions (I1) are elongated and correspond to a row of the pixel units (SP), the second viewing angle display regions (I2) are elongated and correspond to a row of the pixel units (SP), and the first viewing angle display regions (I1) and the second viewing angle display regions (I2) are alternately arranged.
5. The display panel according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a color resist layer (12) is disposed in a region of the color filter substrate (10) corresponding to the first viewing angle display pixel (P1), and a region of the color filter substrate (10) corresponding to the second viewing angle display pixel (P2) is in a transparent state, or the color filter substrate (10) is disposed in regions corresponding to the first viewing angle display pixel (P1) and the second viewing angle display pixel (P2) and both having the color resist layer (12).
6. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the array substrate (20) further has a third pixel electrode (23) coupled to the second pixel electrode (22), the third pixel electrode (23) corresponds to the second viewing angle display pixel (P2), the third pixel electrode (23) is electrically connected to the scan line (1) and the first data line (2) adjacent to the thin film transistor (4) through the thin film transistor (4), and the second pixel electrode (22) and the third pixel electrode (23) are located at different layers and isolated from each other.
7. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein the second pixel electrode (22) is located below the third pixel electrode (23), the second pixel electrode (22) is a block electrode, and the third pixel electrode (23) is a comb-shaped electrode with slits.
8. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the common electrode (13) is a planar electrode entirely covering the color filter substrate (10), and the first pixel electrode (21) is a block electrode.
9. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein an upper polarizer (41) is disposed on the color filter substrate (10), a lower polarizer (42) is disposed on the array substrate (20), a transmission axis of the upper polarizer (41) is parallel to an alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer (31) on a side close to the color filter substrate (10), and a transmission axis of the lower polarizer (42) is parallel to an alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer (31) on a side close to the array substrate (20).
10. A display device characterized by comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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