CN111812418A - Tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing system and method - Google Patents
Tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111812418A CN111812418A CN202010694701.5A CN202010694701A CN111812418A CN 111812418 A CN111812418 A CN 111812418A CN 202010694701 A CN202010694701 A CN 202010694701A CN 111812418 A CN111812418 A CN 111812418A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/10—Radiation diagrams of antennas
- G01R29/105—Radiation diagrams of antennas using anechoic chambers; Chambers or open field sites used therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/04—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant in circuits having distributed constants, e.g. having very long conductors or involving high frequencies
- G01R27/06—Measuring reflection coefficients; Measuring standing-wave ratio
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
- G01R29/0871—Complete apparatus or systems; circuits, e.g. receivers or amplifiers
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted antenna testing, and particularly discloses a tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing system and a tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing method. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the actual performance of the tire pressure monitoring antenna can be accurately measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted antenna testing, in particular to a tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing system and method.
Background
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) is a measurement technology that is seriously concerned with driving safety, and is developed in 5 years, mainly including micro-electromechanical technology and radio frequency technology. The tyre pressure monitoring system is mainly used for monitoring the air pressure and temperature of the tyre and generating early warning information and comprises a signal transmitting end and a signal receiving end. The signal transmitting end is installed in the tire of the automobile or arranged outside the tire through the inflating valve.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN107635798A discloses a smart tire pressure monitoring system that includes a portable monitor that receives sensor information from one or more tire-mounted sensors, each sensor associated with one tire and each tire associated with one vehicle, and monitors tire status. Multiple vehicles may be monitored from the same portable monitor, and tires may be dynamically associated or disassociated with a particular vehicle. The status may be displayed to the user in a manner that provides a graphical association between the tire status and the vehicle with which the tire is associated, including displaying the location of the tire on the vehicle. If a threshold condition, such as low tire pressure, is detected, the system may asynchronously alert the user.
However, the signal receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna in the tire pressure monitoring system is usually an onboard antenna integrated on the vehicle body controller or is connected with a tire pressure receiver integrated on the vehicle body controller or the tire pressure monitoring controller through a feeder line, and a barrier exists between the transmitting end and the receiving end; the antenna performance, particularly after loading, can greatly affect the functional stability of the tire pressure monitoring system. Therefore, in automobile development, it is particularly important to accurately measure the loading performance of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing system and method, which can accurately measure the actual performance of an antenna.
In order to solve the technical problem, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
a tire pressure monitoring antenna performance test system comprises a tire pressure monitoring antenna, a full-electric wave darkroom and a vehicle to be tested, wherein the vehicle to be tested is positioned in the full-electric wave darkroom; the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is arranged on a test tire of a vehicle to be tested; the system also comprises all or part of tire pressure monitoring antenna impedance and standing-wave ratio testing equipment, tire pressure monitoring antenna gain and directional diagram testing equipment and tire pressure monitoring antenna communication link testing equipment;
the tire pressure monitoring antenna gain and directional diagram testing equipment comprises a rotary table, a standard gain horn, a laser positioning device, a first receiver, a probe fixing frame, a holding pole and analysis equipment; the rotary table is positioned in the full-electric wave darkroom and used for bearing a vehicle to be tested, and the rotary table can rotate horizontally and can lift in the vertical direction;
the laser positioning device is used for emitting laser positioning crosses;
the holding pole is fixed on the rotary table and can be extended or shortened in the vertical direction; the standard gain horn is fixed on the holding pole;
the standard gain loudspeaker is electrically connected with the first receiver and is used for receiving signals of a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna;
the probe is arranged on the probe fixing frame; the first receiver is also used for receiving the output signal of the probe; the analysis equipment is used for calculating the gain of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna and far-field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data based on the signals received by the first receiver.
The basic scheme principle and the beneficial effects are as follows:
in the scheme, the tire pressure monitoring antenna impedance and standing-wave ratio test, the tire pressure monitoring antenna gain and directional diagram test and the tire pressure monitoring antenna communication link test can be carried out through the tire pressure monitoring antenna impedance and standing-wave ratio test device, the tire pressure monitoring antenna gain and directional diagram test and the tire pressure monitoring antenna communication link test. The three different tests reflect the loading performance of the tire pressure monitoring antenna from three different angles,
among the tire pressure monitoring antenna gain and directional diagram test equipment, the turntable can rotate horizontally and can lift in the vertical direction, so that the probe and the tire pressure monitoring antenna can be in different relative positions, the condition that the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna in a tire pressure monitoring system is integrated at different positions of a vehicle body can be effectively simulated, and the actual scene is closer.
To sum up, this scheme can realize the purpose of the actual performance of accurate measurement tire pressure monitoring antenna.
Further, distance, probe interval and the revolving stage horizontal rotation between receiving terminal and the probe of tire pressure monitoring antenna should satisfy step-by-step:
Δθ.DAUT/2<λ/2………………………(1)
ΔΦ.DAUT/2<λ/2……………………………(2)
DAUT<Min(Darch-4λ，λ/Δθ，0.65Darch)……………(3)
in the formula: delta theta is the included angle between adjacent probes containing oversampling; dAUTThe maximum aperture of the antenna to be measured; darchThe inner diameter of the ring surface of the probe array; delta phi is the horizontal rotation step of the rotary table; λ is the test frequency wavelength.
The distance between the antenna and the probe is smaller than the distance between the antenna and the radiation near zone, and the requirement that the probe is sampled in the range of the antenna radiation near zone is met. The probe distance and the horizontal rotating stepping of the rotary table both meet the requirement that the probe sampling can cover all data of the near-field spherical field, so that the probe distance and the rotary table rotating stepping need to be limited.
Further, the probe fixing frame is an arc-shaped frame or a rocker arm; when the arc-shaped frame is adopted, the arc-shaped frame surrounds the vehicle to be detected in the vertical direction, the number of the probes is multiple, and the probes are distributed along the circumferential direction of the arc-shaped frame;
when the rocker arm is adopted, one end of the rocker arm is positioned right above the vehicle to be tested; the number of the probes is one, the probes are installed on the rocker arm, and the probes can move along the length direction of the rocker arm.
The probe is convenient to collect signals from different positions of the vehicle to be detected.
Further, the tire pressure monitoring antenna impedance and standing-wave ratio testing equipment comprises a vector network analyzer located outside the full-electric-wave darkroom, and the vector network analyzer is in wired connection with a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna; the vector network analyzer is used for sequentially measuring the standing-wave ratio of each frequency point in the working frequency range of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
By measuring the standing-wave ratio, the matching degree of a transmitting end and a receiving end in the tire pressure monitoring antenna can be effectively reflected.
Further, the tire pressure monitoring antenna communication link testing equipment comprises a tire pressure transmitter arranged on the tires of the vehicle to be tested, a second receiver connected with the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and a communication link controller;
the communication link controller is used for controlling the tire pressure transmitter to transmit data packets;
the second receiver is used for acquiring the data packet through the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna and transmitting the data packet to the communication link controller; the communication link controller also calculates the error rate, the loss code rate and the frame loss rate based on the data packet received and obtained by the second receiver.
The tire pressure monitoring system is only used for receiving signals from the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and is a special system which receives and transmits signals in a vehicle but changes relative position constantly, so that the communication link test between the transmitting end and the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is particularly important. By calculating the error rate, the loss code rate and the frame loss rate, the stability and the reliability of the tire pressure monitoring antenna in a real scene can be simulated.
Further, a tire pressure monitoring antenna performance test method comprises the steps of carrying out all or part of impedance and standing-wave ratio test, gain and directional diagram test and communication link test on the tire pressure monitoring antenna in a full electric wave darkroom;
the communication link test comprises the following steps:
step e1, mounting the test tire with the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on the vehicle to be tested;
step e2, setting the vehicle to be tested as neutral gear, and rotating the test tire to the bottommost position of the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on the vertical tangent plane of the contact point between the test tire and the ground;
step e3, controlling the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna to continuously transmit data packets, and continuously receiving n data packets by the second receiver through the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna; n is a positive integer;
step e4, rotating the test tire, sequentially enabling the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna to be located at the forward position of the horizontal diameter plane of the test tire, the backward position of the horizontal diameter plane and the topmost position on the vertical tangent plane of the contact point of the test tire and the ground, and repeating the step e 3;
step e5, sequentially replacing the tested tire with other tires of the tested vehicle, and repeating the steps e2 to e 4;
and e6, calculating the error rate, the packet loss rate and the frame loss rate based on all the data packets received by the second receiver.
In the scheme, the tire pressure monitoring antenna impedance and standing-wave ratio test, the tire pressure monitoring antenna gain and directional diagram test and the tire pressure monitoring antenna communication link test can be carried out through the tire pressure monitoring antenna impedance and standing-wave ratio test device, the tire pressure monitoring antenna gain and directional diagram test and the tire pressure monitoring antenna communication link test. The three different tests reflect the loading performance of the tire pressure monitoring antenna from three different angles.
The position of the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on the wheel is continuously changed due to the fact that the wheel continuously rotates in the running process of the vehicle, the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is sequentially located at the forward position of the horizontal diameter plane of the tested tire, the backward position of the horizontal diameter plane of the tested tire and the topmost position on the vertical tangent plane of the contact point between the tested tire and the ground through rotation of the tested tire, and then the stability and the reliability of the tire pressure monitoring antenna under a real scene can be simulated through the calculated error rate, the calculated packet loss rate and the calculated frame loss rate. The working state of the tire pressure monitoring antenna in a real scene can be simulated through testing, data support is provided for research and development, and the research and development period can be shortened. In addition, the reasonable installation position of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna can be found conveniently through comparison of the test data.
Further, the impedance and standing wave ratio test comprises the following steps:
a1, calibrating the vector network analyzer;
a2, connecting the vector network analyzer with a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna;
a3, sequentially measuring the standing-wave ratio of each frequency point in the working frequency range of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna through a vector network analyzer, and taking the worst standing-wave ratio as the voltage standing-wave ratio of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
By measuring the standing-wave ratio, the matching degree of a transmitting end and a receiving end in the tire pressure monitoring antenna can be effectively reflected.
Further, the gain and direction pattern test comprises a gain calibration step and a direction pattern test step;
the gain calibration step comprises:
b1, mounting the standard gain horn on the holding pole, and adjusting the position of the standard gain horn by taking the laser positioning cross emitted by the laser positioning device as a reference to ensure that the phase center is positioned at the physical center of the rocker arm;
step b2, opening antenna test software, creating a calibration test item, setting a calibration frequency point, and starting a calibration test;
step b3, after the calibration test is finished, calculating gain calibration level through antenna test software, and storing the gain calibration level in a storage device to be used as a reference for calculating the gain of the tire pressure monitoring antenna;
the directional diagram test comprises a single directional diagram test and a whole vehicle directional diagram test;
wherein the monomer directional diagram testing step comprises the following steps:
step c1, when the measurement is started, a cross reference line is marked at the center of the mouth surface of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna;
step c2, mounting the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on the holding pole, adjusting the pitching angle and the position of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna to ensure that the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is vertically mounted, and ensuring that the cross reference line of the receiving port surface of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is superposed with the laser positioning cross of the laser positioning device;
step c3, connecting the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna with a second receiver;
step c4, opening antenna test software, creating test items, and configuring a receiving end test frequency point and a test port of the tire pressure monitoring antenna;
step c5, sampling the two directions of theta and phi by the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna according to the sampling density of points under the preset condition through an annular array formed by multiple probes and matching with a rotary table, finally obtaining test data of spherical surface near field electromagnetic field distribution with the sampling density meeting the requirements of the preset condition, and storing the test data;
step c6, changing a test port, a downward inclination angle or a test frequency point of a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and repeating the step c 5;
step c7, obtaining a far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna by the test data stored in the step c5 through a near-far field conversion algorithm, comparing the converted far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data with the gain calibration level of the corresponding frequency point obtained in the gain calibration step, and calculating the gain calibrated far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data; and finding out the theta and phi angles of the position where the maximum level is located in the far-field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram, cutting according to the equal theta angle to obtain a receiving end horizontal plane directional diagram curve of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and cutting according to the equal phi angle to obtain a receiving end vertical plane directional diagram curve of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
In the test, the rotary table can rotate horizontally and can lift in the vertical direction, so that the probe and the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna can be in different relative positions, the condition that the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna in the tire pressure monitoring system is integrated at different positions of a vehicle body can be effectively simulated, and the actual scene is closer to.
Further, in the single directional diagram testing step c5, the preset conditions are that the measurement distance between the antenna to be tested and the receiving probe, the probe distance and the horizontal rotation step of the turntable should satisfy:
Δθ.DAUT/2<λ/2…………(1)
ΔΦ.DAUT/2<λ/2………………(2)
DAUT<Min(Darch-4λ，λ/Δθ，0.65Darch)………………(3)
in the formula: delta theta is the included angle between adjacent probes containing oversampling; dAUTThe maximum aperture of the antenna to be measured; darchThe inner diameter of the ring surface of the probe array; delta phi is the horizontal rotation step of the rotary table; λ is the test frequency wavelength.
The distance between the antenna and the probe is smaller than the distance between the antenna and the radiation near zone, and the requirement that the probe is sampled in the range of the antenna radiation near zone is met. The probe distance and the horizontal rotating stepping of the rotary table both meet the requirement that the probe sampling can cover all data of the near-field spherical field, so that the probe distance and the rotary table rotating stepping need to be limited.
Further, the test step of the directional diagram of the whole vehicle comprises the following steps:
step d1, mounting the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on the vehicle,
d2, placing the vehicle on the rotary table;
step d3, lifting the vehicle by 1m through the rotary table;
d4, taking the horizontal plane of the receiving end installation position of the tire pressure monitoring antenna as a reference, respectively sampling the tire pressure monitoring antenna in two directions of theta and phi according to the sampling density of points under a preset condition by using an annular array formed by multiple probes and matching with a rotary table at the heights of 0.5m below the reference plane and 1m below the reference plane, and finally obtaining and storing test data of the spherical near-field electromagnetic field distribution, wherein the sampling density meets the requirements of the preset condition;
d5, changing a test port, a downward inclination angle or a test frequency point of a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and repeating the step d 4;
step d6, obtaining a far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna by the test data stored in the step d4 through a near-far field conversion algorithm, comparing the converted far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data with the gain calibration level of the corresponding frequency point obtained in the gain calibration step, and calculating the far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data after gain calibration; and finding out the theta and phi angles of the position where the maximum level is located in the far-field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram, cutting according to the equal theta angle to obtain a receiving end horizontal plane directional diagram curve of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and cutting according to the equal phi angle to obtain a receiving end vertical plane directional diagram curve of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
The vehicle is lifted by 1m through the turntable, the horizontal plane of the mounting position of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is used as a reference, and sampling is carried out at the reference surface, 0.5m below the reference surface and 1m below the reference surface, so that a real scene can be effectively simulated, and more accurate sampling is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing system using an arc-shaped frame;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing system employing a rocker arm according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
the reference numbers in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a full anechoic chamber 1, a vehicle 2 to be tested, a rotary table 3, an arc-shaped frame 4, a rocker arm 5 and a probe 6.
Example one
A tire pressure monitoring antenna performance test system comprises a tire pressure monitoring antenna, a full anechoic chamber 1 and a vehicle 2 to be tested, wherein the vehicle 2 to be tested is located in the full anechoic chamber 1. The tire pressure monitoring antenna comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end. The transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is installed on a test tire of the vehicle 2 to be tested.
The system further comprises all or part of tire pressure monitoring antenna impedance and standing-wave ratio testing equipment, tire pressure monitoring antenna gain and directional diagram testing equipment and tire pressure monitoring antenna communication link testing equipment, and the system comprises all the components in the embodiment.
The tire pressure monitoring antenna impedance and standing-wave ratio testing equipment comprises a vector network analyzer which is positioned outside the full anechoic chamber 1 and is connected with a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna through a coaxial cable. The vector network analyzer is used for sequentially measuring the standing-wave ratio of each frequency point in the working frequency range of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
The tire pressure monitoring antenna gain and directional diagram testing equipment comprises a rotary table 3, a laser positioning device, a first receiver, a probe 6, a probe fixing frame, a standard gain horn, a holding pole and analysis equipment; the probe fixing frame is an arc frame 4 or a rocker arm 5.
The rotary table 3 is positioned in the full anechoic chamber 1 and is used for bearing the vehicle 2 to be tested, and the rotary table 3 can rotate horizontally and can lift in the vertical direction. In the embodiment, the diameter of the rotary table 3 is not less than the vehicle wheel base plus 1 meter, the bearing capacity of the rotary table 3 is not less than 5 tons, and the rotating and positioning accuracy of the rotary table 3 is better than 0.1 degree. During testing, the turntable 3 is used for lifting the test vehicle by 1 m.
As shown in fig. 1, when the arc-shaped frame 4 is adopted, the arc-shaped frame 4 surrounds the vehicle 2 to be measured in the vertical direction, the number of the probes 6 is multiple, and the probes 6 are dispersedly arranged along the circumferential direction of the arc-shaped frame 4. In this embodiment, the single probe 6 is installed on the arc-shaped frame 4 in a cross shape.
As shown in fig. 2, when the rocker arm 5 is adopted, one end of the rocker arm 5 is positioned right above the vehicle 2 to be tested; the number of the probes 6 is one, the probes 6 are installed on the rocker arm 5, and the probes 6 can move along the length direction of the rocker arm 5.
The laser positioning device is used for emitting laser positioning crosses.
The first receiver is used for receiving output signals of a plurality of probes 6 in a time-sharing or simultaneous manner.
The standard gain loudspeaker is electrically connected with the first receiver and is used for receiving signals of a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna; the installation position of the standard gain loudspeaker is the same as the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna. Gain calculation can be carried out by setting the standard gain loudspeaker, and the gain of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is obtained by specifically comparing the signal strength received by the standard gain loudspeaker and the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
The holding pole is fixed on the rotary table 3 and can be extended or shortened in the vertical direction; the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is fixed on the pole. Through adjusting the length of the holding rod, the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna can be located at the central point of the arc-shaped frame 4 or the rocker arm 5.
The analysis equipment is used for calculating the gain of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna and far-field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data based on the signals received by the first receiver. In this embodiment, the probe 6 is a standard gain broadband antenna.
The distance between the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna and the probe 6, the distance between the probes 6 and the horizontal rotation step of the turntable 3 should meet the following requirements:
Δθ.DAUT/2<λ/2……………………………(1)
ΔΦ.DAUT/2<λ/2………………………(2)
DAUT<Min(Darch-4λ，λ/Δθ，0.65Darch)……(3)
in the formula: Δ θ is the angle (radian) between adjacent probes 6 that contains oversampling; DAUT is the maximum caliber (m) of the antenna to be measured; darch is the inner diameter (in m) of the ring surface of the 6 arrays of the probes; Δ Φ is the horizontal rotation step (radian) of the turn table 3; λ is the test frequency wavelength (in m).
The tire pressure monitoring antenna communication link testing equipment comprises a tire pressure transmitter, a second receiver and a communication link controller, wherein the tire pressure transmitter is installed on a tire of a vehicle to be tested, the second receiver is connected with a transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and the communication link controller is connected with the second receiver. The low-noise amplifier is connected in series at the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
The communication link controller is used for controlling the tire pressure transmitter to transmit data packets;
the second receiver is used for acquiring the data packet through the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna and transmitting the data packet to the communication link controller; the communication link controller also calculates the error rate, the loss code rate and the frame loss rate based on the data packet received and obtained by the second receiver. In this embodiment, the communication link controller uses a low frequency trigger. The calculation of the bit error rate, the bit loss rate and the frame loss rate is performed by comparing the transmitted and received data packets, and the accuracy of the specific comparison data is generally presented in percentage, which is the prior art and is not described herein again.
Example two
Based on the tire pressure monitoring antenna performance test system of the first embodiment, the tire pressure monitoring antenna performance test method further provided by the present embodiment includes performing all or part of impedance and standing-wave ratio tests, gain and directional pattern tests, and communication link tests on the tire pressure monitoring antenna in the full-electric wave darkroom. All three were tested in this example.
The impedance and standing wave ratio test comprises the following steps:
step a1, calibrating a vector network analyzer;
step a2, connecting the vector network analyzer with the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna through a coaxial cable;
step a3, sequentially measuring the standing-wave ratio of each frequency point in the working frequency range of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna through a vector network analyzer, and taking the worst measured standing-wave ratio as the voltage standing-wave ratio of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
The gain and pattern test comprises a gain calibration step and a pattern test step.
The gain calibration step comprises:
and b1, mounting the standard gain horn on the holding pole, and adjusting the position of the standard gain horn by taking the laser positioning cross emitted by the laser positioning device as a reference to ensure that the phase center of the standard gain horn is positioned at the physical center of the rocker arm. Calibration needs to use a standard gain horn measured by an authority, an ultra wide band horn antenna is generally selected, and SH400 is specifically selected in this embodiment.
Step b2, opening the antenna test software, creating a calibration test item, setting a calibration frequency point, and starting a calibration test. The antenna test software developed by different antenna test suppliers is different, and can be selected according to actual conditions.
Step b3, after the calibration test is finished, calculating gain calibration level through antenna test software, and storing the gain calibration level in a storage device to be used as a reference for calculating the gain of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna; in this embodiment, the storage device is a hard disk of a computer.
The directional diagram test comprises a single directional diagram test and a whole vehicle directional diagram test.
The monomer directional diagram testing step comprises the following steps:
step c1, when the measurement is started, a cross reference line is marked at the center of the mouth surface of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna;
step c2, mounting the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on the holding pole, adjusting the pitching angle and the position of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna to ensure that the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is vertically mounted, and ensuring that the cross reference line of the receiving port surface of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is superposed with the laser positioning cross of the laser positioning device;
step c3, connecting the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna with a second receiver;
step c4, opening antenna test software, creating test items, and configuring a receiving end test frequency point and a test port of the tire pressure monitoring antenna;
step c5, sampling the two directions of theta and phi by the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna according to the sampling density of points under the preset condition through an annular array formed by multiple probes and matching with a rotary table, finally obtaining test data of spherical surface near field electromagnetic field distribution with the sampling density meeting the requirements of the preset condition, and storing the test data;
in this embodiment, the preset conditions include that the measurement distance between the antenna to be measured and the receiving probe, the probe distance, and the horizontal rotation step of the turntable should satisfy:
Δθ.DAUT/2<λ/2………………(1)
ΔΦ.DAUT/2<λ/2………………(2)
DAUT<Min(Darch-4λ，λ/Δθ，0.65Darch)…………(3)
in the formula: Δ θ is the angle (radians) between adjacent probes that contain oversampling; dAUTThe maximum caliber (in m) of the antenna to be measured; darchThe inner diameter (in m) of the ring surface of the probe array; delta phi is the horizontal rotation step (radian) of the turntable; λ is the test frequency wavelength (in m).
Step c6, changing a test port, a downward inclination angle or a test frequency point of a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and repeating the step c 5;
step c7, obtaining a far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna by the test data stored in the step c5 through a near-far field conversion algorithm, comparing the converted far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data with the gain calibration level of the corresponding frequency point obtained in the gain calibration step, and calculating the gain calibrated far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data; and finding out the theta and phi angles of the position where the maximum level is located in the far-field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram, cutting according to the equal theta angle to obtain a receiving end horizontal plane directional diagram curve of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and cutting according to the equal phi angle to obtain a receiving end vertical plane directional diagram curve of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
The test method of the directional diagram of the whole vehicle comprises the following steps:
step d1, mounting the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on the vehicle,
d2, placing the vehicle on the rotary table;
and d3, lifting the vehicle by 1m through the rotary table,
d4, taking the horizontal plane of the mounting position of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna as a reference, respectively sampling the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna in two directions of theta and phi according to the sampling density of points under a preset condition by using an annular array formed by multiple probes and matching with a rotary table at the heights of 0.5m below the reference plane and 1m below the reference plane, and finally obtaining and storing test data of the spherical near-field electromagnetic field distribution, wherein the sampling density meets the requirements of the preset condition; the preset conditions are the same as those in the monomer directional diagram testing step, and are not described herein again.
D5, changing a test port, a downward inclination angle or a test frequency point of a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and repeating the step d 4;
step d6, obtaining a far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna by the test data stored in the step d4 through a near-far field conversion algorithm, comparing the converted far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data with the gain calibration level of the corresponding frequency point obtained in the gain calibration step, and calculating the far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data after gain calibration; and finding out the theta and phi angles of the position where the maximum level is located in the far-field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram, cutting according to the equal theta angle to obtain a receiving end horizontal plane directional diagram curve of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and cutting according to the equal phi angle to obtain a receiving end vertical plane directional diagram curve of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
The communication link test comprises the following steps:
step e1, mounting the test tire with the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on a vehicle to be tested, in this embodiment, a left front wheel;
step e2, setting the vehicle to be tested as neutral gear, and rotating the test tire to the bottommost position of the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on the vertical tangent plane of the contact point between the test tire and the ground;
step e3, controlling the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna to continuously send data packets, and continuously receiving n data packets by the second receiver through the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna; n is a positive integer; in this embodiment, n is 100.
Step e4, rotating the test tire, sequentially enabling the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna to be located at the forward position of the horizontal diameter plane of the test tire, the backward position of the horizontal diameter plane and the topmost position on the vertical tangent plane of the contact point of the test tire and the ground, and repeating the step e 3;
step e5, sequentially replacing the tested tire with other tires of the tested vehicle, and repeating the steps e2 to e 4; in the embodiment, the test tires are sequentially replaced on the right front wheel, the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel of the tested vehicle; in other embodiments, if the vehicle under test has more than 4 tires, the test sequence for the other tires can be defined by itself.
And e6, calculating the error rate, the packet loss rate and the frame loss rate based on all the data packets received by the second receiver.
The above are merely examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the field related to this embodiment, and the common general knowledge of the known specific structures and characteristics in the schemes is not described herein too much, and those skilled in the art can know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field before the application date or the priority date, can know all the prior art in this field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before this date, and those skilled in the art can combine their own ability to perfect and implement the scheme, and some typical known structures or known methods should not become barriers to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art in light of the teaching provided in the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A tire pressure monitoring antenna performance test system comprises a tire pressure monitoring antenna, a full-electric wave darkroom and a vehicle to be tested, wherein the vehicle to be tested is positioned in the full-electric wave darkroom; the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is arranged on a test tire of a vehicle to be tested; the system is characterized by also comprising all or part of tire pressure monitoring antenna impedance and standing-wave ratio testing equipment, tire pressure monitoring antenna gain and directional diagram testing equipment and tire pressure monitoring antenna communication link testing equipment;
the tire pressure monitoring antenna gain and directional diagram testing equipment comprises a rotary table, a standard gain horn, a laser positioning device, a first receiver, a probe fixing frame, a holding pole and analysis equipment; the rotary table is positioned in the full-electric wave darkroom and used for bearing a vehicle to be tested, and the rotary table can rotate horizontally and can lift in the vertical direction;
the laser positioning device is used for emitting laser positioning crosses;
the holding pole is fixed on the rotary table and can be extended or shortened in the vertical direction; the standard gain horn is fixed on the holding pole;
the standard gain loudspeaker is electrically connected with the first receiver and is used for receiving signals of a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna;
the probe is arranged on the probe fixing frame; the first receiver is also used for receiving the output signal of the probe; the analysis equipment is used for calculating the gain of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna and far-field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data based on the signals received by the first receiver.
2. The tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing system of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna and the probe, the distance between the probes and the horizontal rotation step of the rotary table meet the following requirements:
Δθ.DAUT/2<λ/2………………………(1)
ΔΦ.DAUT/2<λ/2………………………(2)
DAUT<Min(Darch-4λ，λ/Δθ，0.65Darch)………(3)
in the formula: delta theta is the included angle between adjacent probes containing oversampling; dAUTThe maximum aperture of the antenna to be measured; darchThe inner diameter of the ring surface of the probe array; delta phi is the horizontal rotation step of the rotary table; λ is the test frequency wavelength.
3. The tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing system of claim 2, wherein: the probe fixing frame is an arc-shaped frame or a rocker arm; when the arc-shaped frame is adopted, the arc-shaped frame surrounds the vehicle to be detected in the vertical direction, the number of the probes is multiple, and the probes are distributed along the circumferential direction of the arc-shaped frame;
when the rocker arm is adopted, one end of the rocker arm is positioned right above the vehicle to be tested; the number of the probes is one, the probes are installed on the rocker arm, and the probes can move along the length direction of the rocker arm.
4. The tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing system of claim 1, wherein: the tire pressure monitoring antenna impedance and standing-wave ratio testing equipment comprises a vector network analyzer located outside a full-electric-wave darkroom, and the vector network analyzer is in wired connection with a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna; the vector network analyzer is used for sequentially measuring the standing-wave ratio of each frequency point in the working frequency range of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
5. The tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing system of claim 1, wherein: the tire pressure monitoring antenna communication link testing equipment comprises a tire pressure transmitter, a second receiver and a communication link controller, wherein the tire pressure transmitter is arranged on the tires of a vehicle to be tested, the second receiver is connected with the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and the communication link controller is connected with the second receiver;
the communication link controller is used for controlling the tire pressure transmitter to transmit data packets;
the second receiver is used for acquiring the data packet through the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna and transmitting the data packet to the communication link controller; the communication link controller also calculates the error rate, the loss code rate and the frame loss rate based on the data packet received and obtained by the second receiver.
6. A tire pressure monitoring antenna performance test method is characterized by comprising the steps of carrying out all or part of impedance and standing-wave ratio test, gain and directional diagram test and communication link test on a tire pressure monitoring antenna in a full electric wave darkroom;
the communication link test comprises the following steps:
step e1, mounting the test tire with the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on the vehicle to be tested;
step e2, setting the vehicle to be tested as neutral gear, and rotating the test tire to the bottommost position of the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on the vertical tangent plane of the contact point between the test tire and the ground;
step e3, controlling the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna to continuously transmit data packets, and continuously receiving n data packets by the second receiver through the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna; n is a positive integer;
step e4, rotating the test tire, sequentially enabling the transmitting end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna to be located at the forward position of the horizontal diameter plane of the test tire, the backward position of the horizontal diameter plane and the topmost position on the vertical tangent plane of the contact point of the test tire and the ground, and repeating the step e 3;
step e5, sequentially replacing the tested tire with other tires of the tested vehicle, and repeating the steps e2 to e 4;
and e6, calculating the error rate, the packet loss rate and the frame loss rate based on all the data packets received by the second receiver.
7. The tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing method of claim 6, wherein: the impedance and standing wave ratio test comprises the following steps:
a1, calibrating the vector network analyzer;
a2, connecting the vector network analyzer with a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna;
a3, sequentially measuring the standing-wave ratio of each frequency point in the working frequency range of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna through a vector network analyzer, and taking the worst standing-wave ratio as the voltage standing-wave ratio of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
8. The tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing method of claim 7, wherein: the gain and direction diagram test comprises a gain calibration step and a direction diagram test step;
the gain calibration step comprises:
b1, mounting the standard gain horn on the holding pole, and adjusting the position of the standard gain horn by taking the laser positioning cross emitted by the laser positioning device as a reference to ensure that the phase center is positioned at the physical center of the rocker arm;
step b2, opening antenna test software, creating a calibration test item, setting a calibration frequency point, and starting a calibration test;
step b3, after the calibration test is finished, calculating gain calibration level through antenna test software, and storing the gain calibration level in a storage device to be used as a reference for calculating the gain of the tire pressure monitoring antenna;
the directional diagram test comprises a single directional diagram test and a whole vehicle directional diagram test;
wherein the monomer directional diagram testing step comprises the following steps:
step c1, when the measurement is started, a cross reference line is marked at the center of the mouth surface of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna;
step c2, mounting the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on the holding pole, adjusting the pitching angle and the position of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna to ensure that the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is vertically mounted, and ensuring that the cross reference line of the receiving port surface of the tire pressure monitoring antenna is superposed with the laser positioning cross of the laser positioning device;
step c3, connecting the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna with a second receiver;
step c4, opening antenna test software, creating test items, and configuring a receiving end test frequency point and a test port of the tire pressure monitoring antenna;
step c5, sampling the two directions of theta and phi by the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna according to the sampling density of points under the preset condition through an annular array formed by multiple probes and matching with a rotary table, finally obtaining test data of spherical surface near field electromagnetic field distribution with the sampling density meeting the requirements of the preset condition, and storing the test data;
step c6, changing a test port, a downward inclination angle or a test frequency point of a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and repeating the step c 5;
step c7, obtaining a far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna by the test data stored in the step c5 through a near-far field conversion algorithm, comparing the converted far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data with the gain calibration level of the corresponding frequency point obtained in the gain calibration step, and calculating the gain calibrated far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data; and finding out the theta and phi angles of the position where the maximum level is located in the far-field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram, cutting according to the equal theta angle to obtain a receiving end horizontal plane directional diagram curve of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and cutting according to the equal phi angle to obtain a receiving end vertical plane directional diagram curve of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
9. The tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing method of claim 8, wherein: in the single directional diagram testing step c5, the preset conditions are that the measurement distance between the antenna to be tested and the receiving probe, the probe distance and the horizontal rotation step of the turntable should meet:
Δθ.DAUT/2<λ/2…………………………(1)
ΔΦ.DAUT/2<λ/2…………………………(2)
DAUT<Min(Darch-4λ，λ/Δθ，0.65Darch)……(3)
in the formula: delta theta is the included angle between adjacent probes containing oversampling; dAUTThe maximum aperture of the antenna to be measured; darchThe inner diameter of the ring surface of the probe array; delta phi is the horizontal rotation step of the rotary table; λ is the test frequency wavelength.
10. The tire pressure monitoring antenna performance testing method of claim 9, wherein: the test method of the directional diagram of the whole vehicle comprises the following steps:
step d1, mounting the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna on the vehicle,
d2, placing the vehicle on the rotary table;
step d3, lifting the vehicle by 1m through the rotary table;
d4, taking the horizontal plane of the receiving end installation position of the tire pressure monitoring antenna as a reference, respectively sampling the tire pressure monitoring antenna in two directions of theta and phi according to the sampling density of points under a preset condition by using an annular array formed by multiple probes and matching with a rotary table at the heights of 0.5m below the reference plane and 1m below the reference plane, and finally obtaining and storing test data of the spherical near-field electromagnetic field distribution, wherein the sampling density meets the requirements of the preset condition;
d5, changing a test port, a downward inclination angle or a test frequency point of a receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and repeating the step d 4;
step d6, obtaining a far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram of the receiving end of the tire pressure monitoring antenna by the test data stored in the step d4 through a near-far field conversion algorithm, comparing the converted far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data with the gain calibration level of the corresponding frequency point obtained in the gain calibration step, and calculating the far field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram data after gain calibration; and finding out the theta and phi angles of the position where the maximum level is located in the far-field three-dimensional spherical directional diagram, cutting according to the equal theta angle to obtain a receiving end horizontal plane directional diagram curve of the tire pressure monitoring antenna, and cutting according to the equal phi angle to obtain a receiving end vertical plane directional diagram curve of the tire pressure monitoring antenna.
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