CN111812303A - Soft rock disintegration tester and disintegration test method under multi-field coupling - Google Patents
Soft rock disintegration tester and disintegration test method under multi-field coupling Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004452 microanalysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soft rock disintegration tester and a disintegration test method under multi-field coupling, which comprise a supporting frame, a test system, a pressure system, a water adding-receiving system, a heating-refrigerating system and a camera analysis system; the test system is characterized in that the supporting frame is a supporting part, the test system, the pressure system and the heating-refrigerating system are arranged on the supporting frame, the water adding-receiving system is connected with the test system and provides water adding and water discharging, and the camera shooting analysis system is used for shooting and analyzing microscopic changes of a sample in the disintegration test process. The invention can simulate the occurrence environment of reduced soft rock disintegration, can carry out macro-micro test of soft rock disintegration under the coupling of multiple environments such as stress-temperature-water chemistry and the like, and conveniently carry out micro analysis on the soft rock disintegration process, thereby improving the accuracy of parameters such as soft rock disintegration resistance index and the like; the method has the advantages of low application cost, simple operation, convenient and fast application, intelligent simulation of soft rock environment and the like, and has higher popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tester, in particular to a soft rock disintegration tester and a disintegration test method under multi-field coupling.
Background
Soft rock disintegration tester takes the theory of the subjects of rock mechanics, hydromechanics, hydraulics, soil mechanics, hydraulic transmission principle, etc. as the guide, aiming at the problem of soft rock disintegration when meeting water under the actual occurrence condition, the soft rock disintegration tester under multi-field coupling is developed, and the test method is provided. A large number of geotechnical engineering research fields all relate to soft rock engineering, especially strip mine soft rock intermediate layer side slope, deep mining and excavation tunnel etc. soft rock easily takes place to soften and disintegrates after meeting water, causes the degradation of rock mechanics parameter. At present, the instrument SCL-1 type rock disintegration tester commonly used in soft rock disintegration tests, and researchers also develop a conventional disintegration tester (CN 206281745U), a mudstone dry-wet cycle disintegration tester (CN 109001037A, CN 106989967B) under a stress condition and the like. Although the devices promote the development of the soft rock disintegration test, the indoor disintegration test is difficult to simulate and research the soft rock disintegration process under the real occurrence condition, and the disintegration tester provides the complexity of the simulated environment, particularly the soft rock disintegration tester under the multi-field coupling condition, which directly influences whether the simulated soft rock disintegration test is closer to the actual condition. In the past, although a great deal of research and exploration are carried out on the disintegration characteristics of the soft rock, the method mainly stays in the understanding and description of the disintegration change rule obtained by considering the disintegration test of the soft rock sample under the action of periodic dry-wet alternation and freeze-thaw cycles, and the reasonable consideration and the test real simulation of the combined action environment of the periodic dry-wet alternation, the freeze-thaw cycles, the initial stress and the like of the soft rock are lacked, so that the obtained disintegration characteristics of the soft rock are inaccurate for the stability analysis and evaluation of engineering geology. In the past, the research on the microscopic mechanism of soft rock disintegration is usually to disintegrate the soft rock in water and then to perform CT scanning, X-ray diffraction and SEM scanning analysis on the disintegration residues, so that the fine research on the soft rock disintegration process is difficult, and a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are easily consumed. Therefore, the occurrence environment of soft rock disintegration is reduced as much as possible, and the soft rock disintegration process is conveniently and microcosmically analyzed, so that the development of a soft rock disintegration tester under the coupling of multiple environments such as stress, freeze-thaw cycle, dry-wet cycle and the like is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a soft rock disintegration tester and a disintegration test method under multi-field coupling, which can reduce the occurrence environment of soft rock disintegration and conveniently carry out micro analysis on the soft rock disintegration process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a soft rock disintegration tester under multi-field coupling comprises a supporting frame, a testing system, a pressure system, a water adding-receiving system, a heating-refrigerating system and a camera shooting analysis system; the supporting frame comprises an upper steel plate, a lower steel plate and a plurality of stand columns, wherein the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate are respectively fixed on the upper parts and the lower parts of the stand columns through nuts; the testing system comprises a pressurizing plate, an upper permeable stone, a lower permeable stone, a transparent annular cavity and a base, wherein the base is arranged on the upper surface of the lower steel plate, the bottom of the transparent annular cavity is embedded into the base, and the two permeable stones and the pressurizing plate are arranged in the transparent annular cavity from bottom to top; the pressure system comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder, a hydraulic electric pump, a hydraulic oil tank and a motor, wherein a hydraulic oil cylinder seat is fixed on the lower surface of the upper steel plate, the hydraulic oil cylinder is communicated with the hydraulic electric pump through an oil pipe, the hydraulic electric pump is connected with the motor, the hydraulic electric pump pumps oil and returns oil to hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank through the motor, and a dial indicator is arranged on the hydraulic electric pump; the water adding-receiving system comprises a water adding tank and a water receiving tank, the water adding tank is communicated with the upper part of the transparent ring cavity through a water adding pipe, the water receiving tank is communicated with a water receiving port in the base through a water receiving pipe, and a water adding tank water stopping clamp and a water receiving tank water stopping clamp are respectively arranged on the water adding pipe and the water receiving pipe; the heating-refrigerating system comprises an exhaust pipe, an exhaust fan, a refrigerating-heating device, a refrigerating-heating pipe and a disintegration environment test box, wherein the disintegration environment test box is covered outside the transparent ring cavity, the refrigerating-heating pipe is arranged inside the side wall of the disintegration environment test box, the refrigerating-heating pipe is connected with the refrigerating-heating device, the exhaust pipe is arranged on the side wall of the disintegration environment test box, and the exhaust fan is connected with the exhaust pipe; the top wall of the disintegration environment test box is provided with a hole for a hydraulic oil cylinder to pass through; the camera shooting analysis system comprises a protective cover, a high-speed camera and a computer, wherein the lens of the high-speed camera penetrates through the disintegration environment test box, and the high-speed camera is connected with the computer.
Furthermore, a plurality of water permeable holes are arranged on the pressurizing plate.
Furthermore, the interface of the water adding pipe and the transparent ring cavity is positioned 2cm below the upper end face of the transparent ring cavity, so that the water is prevented from splashing out of the transparent ring cavity at an excessively high speed.
Furthermore, the base is internally provided with an arc-shaped bowl-shaped structure, and a water receiving opening is formed in the center of the base.
Further, the heating-cooling pipe is arranged inside the side wall of the disintegration environment test box in a spiral winding manner.
Furthermore, a protective cover is sleeved on the lens of the high-speed camera.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can simulate the occurrence environment of the reduced soft rock disintegration, can carry out the macro-micro test of the soft rock disintegration under the coupling of multiple environments such as stress-temperature-water chemistry and the like, and conveniently carry out the micro analysis on the soft rock disintegration process, thereby improving the accuracy of parameters such as the disintegration resistance index of the soft rock and the like; the method has the advantages of low application cost, simple operation, convenient and fast application, intelligent simulation of soft rock environment and the like, and has higher popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure and section A-A of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the compression plate;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a disintegration environment test chamber B-B;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the base;
in the figure: 1. a nut; 2. a steel plate; 3. a column; 4. a hydraulic cylinder; 5. a pressurizing plate; 6. a permeable stone; 7. a sample; 8. a transparent annular cavity; 9. a base; 10. adding a water tank; 11. adding a water tank water stop clamp; 12. a water feeding pipe; 13. a water stopping clamp of the water receiving tank; 14. a water receiving pipe; 15. a water receiving tank; 16. a protective cover; 17. a high-speed camera; 18. an exhaust pipe; 19. an exhaust fan; 20. refrigerating-heating; 21. refrigeration-heating pipe; 22. a disintegration environment test chamber; 23. an oil pipe; 24. a dial indicator; 25. a hydraulic electric pump; 26. a hydraulic oil tank; 27. an electric motor; 28. a power source; 29. a computer; 30. and (6) water permeable holes.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: the system comprises a supporting frame, a test system, a pressure system, a water adding-receiving system, a heating-refrigerating system and a camera shooting analysis system;
the supporting frame is a main supporting part and comprises an upper steel plate 2, a lower steel plate 2 and a plurality of stand columns 3, the upper steel plate 2 and the lower steel plate 2 are respectively fixed on the upper part and the lower part of each stand column 3 through nuts 1, and the stand columns 3 are positioned at the edge positions of the steel plates 2;
the test system comprises a pressurizing plate 5, an upper permeable stone 6, a lower permeable stone 6, a transparent annular cavity 8 and a base 9, wherein the base 9 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower steel plate 2, the bottom of the transparent annular cavity 8 is embedded into the base 9, the two permeable stones 6 and the pressurizing plate 5 are arranged in the transparent annular cavity 8 from bottom to top, and a sample 7 is placed between the two permeable stones 6 during testing; as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of water permeable holes 30 are arranged on the pressurizing plate 5 to facilitate the water in the water feeding pipe 12 to flow into the transparent annular cavity 8;
the pressure system comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder 4, a hydraulic electric pump 25, a hydraulic oil tank 26 and a motor 27, wherein a cylinder seat of the hydraulic oil cylinder 4 is fixed on the lower surface of the upper steel plate 2, the hydraulic oil cylinder 4 is communicated with the hydraulic electric pump 25 through an oil pipe 23, the hydraulic electric pump 25 is connected with the motor 27, the hydraulic electric pump 25 pumps and returns hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 26 through the motor 27, a dial indicator 24 is arranged on the hydraulic electric pump 25, and the axis of a piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder 4 is superposed with the central line of the pressure plate 5;
the water adding-receiving system comprises a water adding tank 10 and a water receiving tank 15, wherein the water adding tank 10 is communicated with the upper part of the transparent ring cavity 8 through a water adding pipe 12, and specifically, the interface of the water adding pipe 12 and the transparent ring cavity 8 is positioned 2cm below the upper end surface of the transparent ring cavity 8, so that the water adding speed is prevented from splashing out of the transparent ring cavity 8 too fast; the water receiving tank 15 is communicated with a water receiving opening in the base 9 through a water receiving pipe 14, and a water adding tank water stopping clamp 11 and a water receiving tank water stopping clamp 13 are respectively arranged on the water adding pipe 12 and the water receiving pipe 14; the water tank water stop clamp 11 is used for controlling the water adding amount of the water tank 10 to the transparent annular cavity 8, and the water tank water stop clamp 13 is used for controlling the water outflow amount in the transparent annular cavity 8; as shown in fig. 5, in order to realize that the water after the disintegration of the sample 7 in the transparent ring cavity 8 is quickly collected into the base 9 for discharge, the base 9 is internally provided with an arc-shaped bowl-shaped structure and a water receiving port is arranged at the center.
The heating-refrigerating system comprises an exhaust pipe 18, an exhaust fan 19, a refrigerating-heating device 20, a refrigerating-heating pipe 21 and a disintegration environment test box 22, the disintegration environment test box 22 is covered outside the transparent ring cavity 8, the refrigerating-heating pipe 21 is arranged inside the side wall of the disintegration environment test box 22, as shown in fig. 4, the refrigerating-heating pipe 21 is spirally coiled inside the side wall of the disintegration environment test box 22, the structural arrangement is favorable for uniformly heating a sample 7 in a dry-wet cycle disintegration test and a freeze-thaw cycle disintegration test, and two ends of the heating-refrigerating pipe 21 are communicated with the heating-refrigerating device 20 to form a loop, so that the temperature inside the disintegration environment test box 22 can be effectively kept constant; the refrigeration-heating pipe 21 forms a loop in the side wall of the disintegration environment test box 22 and is connected with the refrigeration-heating device 20, the side wall of the disintegration environment test box 22 is provided with an exhaust pipe 18, and the exhaust fan 19 is connected with the exhaust pipe 18; the top wall of the disintegration environment test box 22 is provided with a hole for the hydraulic oil cylinder 4 to pass through, and a piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder 4 can pass through the hole and then apply pressure to the pressure plate 5;
the camera shooting analysis system comprises a protective cover 16, a high-speed camera 17 and a computer 29, wherein the lens of the high-speed camera 17 penetrates through the disintegration environment test box 22, and the high-speed camera 17 is connected with the computer 29.
The invention can complete two tests, namely a dry-wet cycle soft rock disintegration macro-micro test under constant pressure and a freeze-thaw cycle soft rock disintegration macro-micro test under constant pressure.
When the dry-wet cycle soft rock disintegration macro-microscopic test under constant pressure is carried out, the mass of the sample 7 is weighed firstly and recorded asM 0Sequentially placing a lower permeable stone 6, a sample 7, an upper permeable stone 6 and a pressurizing plate 5 into the transparent annular cavity 8; determining overburden stress of the soft rock sample 7 taken is recordedF 0The power supply 28 is switched on, the hydraulic electric pump 25 is started, the motor 27 supplies the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 26 to the interior of the hydraulic oil cylinder 4 through the oil pipe 23 for oil supply, the piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder 4 extends out, the pressure plate 5 is pressed, and then pressure is applied to the test sample 7, and the indication value of the dial indicator 24 reaches a set valueF 0When the hydraulic oil is unloaded, the motor 27 is stopped to realize pressure locking, a conversion button of the motor 27 is pressed, and hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil cylinder 4 is pumped back into the oil tank 26 through the oil pipe 23 by using the negative pressure principle to finish unloading; record the initial reading of the dial gauge 24L 0Starting the hydraulic electric pump 25, locking the pressure after the dial indicator 24 reaches the set pressure, and recording the reading change delta of the dial indicator 24LAdding water (or chemical solution) into the water adding tank 10, opening the water stopping valve 11 of the water adding tank, enabling the water (or chemical solution) to flow into the transparent ring cavity 8 through the water adding pipe 12, simultaneously opening the high-speed camera 17 and the computer 29, closing the water stopping valve 11 of the water adding tank when the water (or chemical solution) is quickly submerged into the pressurizing plate 5, enabling the water (or chemical solution) and the sample 7 to be subjected to physical and chemical reactions such as disintegration, and transmitting the change image of the sample 7 in the disintegration process to the computer 29 for analysis by the high-speed camera 17. After the water (or the chemical solution) reacts with the sample 7 for 10 minutes, the water receiving tank water stop clamp 13 is opened, after the water (or the chemical solution) runs dry, the water receiving tank water stop clamp 13 is closed, then the refrigeration-heating device 20 and the exhaust fan 19 are opened, the temperature is adjusted to 110 ℃, the sample 7 is dried for 24 hours, and then the sample 7 is taken out for weighing and screening. The above repeated test is cyclically carried out after the sample 7 with the grain size larger than 5mm is put into the transparent ring cavity 8 againnThe weight of the secondary sample 7 dried and weighed is recorded asM n The disintegration resistance index of sample 7 was calculated:
。
when a freeze-thaw cycle soft rock disintegration macro-microscopic test is carried out under constant pressure, the mass of the sample 7 is weighed and recordedM 0Sequentially placing a lower permeable stone 6, a sample 7, an upper permeable stone 6 and a pressurizing plate 5 into the transparent annular cavity 8; determining overburden stress of the soft rock sample 7 taken is recordedF 0The power supply 28 is switched on, the hydraulic electric pump 25 is started, the motor 27 supplies the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 26 to the interior of the hydraulic oil cylinder 4 through the oil pipe 23 for oil supply, the piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder 4 extends out, the pressure plate 5 is pressed, and then pressure is applied to the test sample 7, and the indication value of the dial indicator 24 reaches a set valueF 0When the hydraulic oil is unloaded, the motor 27 is stopped to realize pressure locking, a conversion button of the motor 27 is pressed, and hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil cylinder 4 is pumped back into the oil tank 26 through the oil pipe 23 by using the negative pressure principle to finish unloading; record the initial reading of the dial gauge 24L 0Starting the hydraulic electric pump 25, locking the pressure after the dial indicator 24 reaches the set pressure, and recording the reading change delta of the dial indicator 24LWhen water (or chemical solution) is added into the water adding tank 10, the water adding tank stop valve 11 is opened, the water (or chemical solution) flows into the transparent ring cavity 8 through the water adding pipe 12, the high-speed camera 17 and the computer 29 are simultaneously opened, and when the water (or chemical solution) is quickly submerged into the pressurizing plate 5, the water adding tank stop valve 11 is closed. Then, the refrigerating-heating unit 20 is turned on to set the freezing temperature at-30 ℃, and after 4 hours, the melting temperature of the refrigerating-heating unit 20 is set at 15 ℃ and melted for 2 hours. The water receiving tank water stop clamp 13 is opened, after the water (or chemical solution) runs dry, the water receiving tank water stop clamp 13 is closed, then the refrigeration-heating device 20 and the exhaust fan 19 are opened, the temperature is adjusted to 110 ℃, the drying is carried out for 24 hours, and the sample 7 is taken out for weighing and screening after the drying. The above repeated test is cyclically carried out after the sample 7 with the grain size larger than 5mm is put into the transparent ring cavity 8 againnThe mass of the sub-sample 7 dried after freeze-thaw cycling was recorded as
The disintegration resistance index of sample 7 was calculated:
。
it will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any minor modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A soft rock disintegration tester under multi-field coupling is characterized by comprising a supporting frame, a testing system, a pressure system, a water adding-receiving system, a heating-refrigerating system and a camera shooting analysis system;
the supporting frame comprises an upper steel plate (2), a lower steel plate (2) and a plurality of stand columns (3), wherein the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate (2) are respectively fixed on the upper parts and the lower parts of the stand columns (3) through nuts (1);
the testing system comprises a pressurizing plate (5), an upper permeable stone (6), a lower permeable stone (6), a transparent annular cavity (8) and a base (9), wherein the base (9) is arranged on the upper surface of the lower steel plate (2), the bottom of the transparent annular cavity (8) is embedded into the base (9), and the two permeable stones (6) and the pressurizing plate (5) are arranged in the transparent annular cavity (8) from bottom to top;
the pressure system comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder (4), a hydraulic electric pump (25), a hydraulic oil tank (26) and a motor (27), a cylinder seat of the hydraulic oil cylinder (4) is fixed on the lower surface of the upper steel plate (2), the hydraulic oil cylinder (4) is communicated with the hydraulic electric pump (25) through an oil pipe (23), the hydraulic electric pump (25) is connected with the motor (27), the hydraulic electric pump (25) pumps oil and returns oil to hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank (26) through the motor (27), and a dial indicator (24) is installed on the hydraulic electric pump (25);
the water adding-receiving system comprises a water adding tank (10) and a water receiving tank (15), the water adding tank (10) is communicated with the upper part of the transparent ring cavity (8) through a water adding pipe (12), the water receiving tank (15) is communicated with a water receiving opening in the base (9) through a water receiving pipe (14), and a water adding tank water stopping clamp (11) and a water receiving tank water stopping clamp (13) are respectively arranged on the water adding pipe (12) and the water receiving pipe (14);
the heating-refrigerating system comprises an exhaust pipe (18), an exhaust fan (19), a refrigerating-heating device (20), a refrigerating-heating pipe (21) and a disintegration environment test box (22), wherein the disintegration environment test box (22) covers the outside of the transparent ring cavity (8), the refrigerating-heating pipe (21) is arranged inside the side wall of the disintegration environment test box (22), the refrigerating-heating pipe (21) is connected with the refrigerating-heating device (20), the exhaust pipe (18) is arranged on the side wall of the disintegration environment test box (22), and the exhaust fan (19) is connected with the exhaust pipe (18); the top wall of the disintegration environment test box (22) is provided with a hole for the hydraulic oil cylinder (4) to pass through;
the camera shooting analysis system comprises a protective cover (16), a high-speed camera (17) and a computer (29), wherein the lens of the high-speed camera (17) penetrates through the disintegration environment test box (22), and the high-speed camera (17) is connected with the computer (29).
2. The soft rock disintegration tester under multi-field coupling of claim 1, wherein: the pressurizing plate (5) is provided with a plurality of water permeable holes (30).
3. The soft rock disintegration tester under multi-field coupling of claim 1, wherein: the interface of the water adding pipe (12) and the transparent ring cavity (8) is positioned 2cm below the upper end surface of the transparent ring cavity (8) to prevent water from splashing out of the transparent ring cavity (8) at an excessive speed.
4. The soft rock disintegration tester under multi-field coupling of claim 1, wherein: the base (9) is internally of an arc-shaped bowl-shaped structure, and a water receiving opening is formed in the center of the base.
5. The soft rock disintegration tester under multi-field coupling of claim 4, wherein: the heating-cooling pipe (21) is arranged inside the side wall of the disintegration environment test box (22) in a spiral winding manner.
6. The soft rock disintegration tester under multi-field coupling of claim 1, wherein: the lens of the high-speed camera (17) is sleeved with a protective cover (16).
7. A soft rock disintegration test method using any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that:
dry-wet cycle soft rock disintegration macro-micro test under constant pressure: the mass of the sample (7) is weighed first and recordedM 0Then placing the sample (7) between the two permeable stones (6); determining overburden stress of the soft rock sample (7) taken is recordedF 0The piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder (4) extends out to apply pressure on the sample (7) and reaches a set value according to the number of the dial indicator (24)F 0Locking the pressure; recording the initial reading of the dial gauge (24)L 0Starting the hydraulic electric pump (25), locking the pressure after the dial indicator (24) reaches the set pressure, and recording the reading change delta of the dial indicator (24)LAdding water into a water adding tank (10), opening a water stop valve (11) of the water adding tank, enabling the water to flow into the transparent annular cavity (8) through a water adding pipe (12), simultaneously opening a high-speed camera (17) and a computer (29), enabling the water and a sample (7) to be subjected to physical and chemical reactions such as disintegration and the like, and enabling the high-speed camera (17) to pick up and transmit the change of the sample (7) in the disintegration process to the computer (29) for analysis; waiting for water and sample (7)After the reaction, opening a water-receiving tank water-stopping clamp (13), closing the water-receiving tank water-stopping clamp (13) after water is drained, then opening a refrigeration-heating device (20) and an exhaust fan (19), adjusting the temperature to 110 ℃, drying for 24 hours, and taking out a sample (7) for weighing and screening after drying; the above repeated tests are cyclically carried out after the sample (7) with the grain diameter larger than 5mm is placed in the transparent ring cavity (8) againnThe weight of the secondary sample (7) dried and weighed is recorded asM n The disintegration resistance index of the sample (7) was calculated:
；
freeze-thaw cycling soft rock disintegration macro-micro test under constant pressure: the mass of the sample (7) is weighed first and recordedM 0Then placing the sample (7) between the two permeable stones (6); determining overburden stress of the soft rock sample (7) taken is recordedF 0The piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder (4) extends out to apply pressure on the sample (7) and reaches a set value according to the number of the dial indicator (24)F 0Locking the pressure; recording the initial reading of the dial gauge (24)L 0Starting the hydraulic electric pump (25), locking the pressure after the dial indicator (24) reaches the set pressure, and recording the reading change delta of the dial indicator (24)LAdding water into a water adding tank (10), opening a water stop valve (11) of the water adding tank, enabling the water to flow into the transparent annular cavity (8) through a water adding pipe (12), simultaneously opening a high-speed camera (17) and a computer (29), then opening a refrigerating-heating device (20) to set the freezing temperature to be-30 ℃, and after 4 hours, setting the melting temperature of the refrigerating-heating device (20) to be 15 ℃ and melting for 2 hours; opening a water-stopping clamp (13) of a water receiving tank, closing the water-stopping clamp (13) of the water receiving tank after water is drained, then opening a refrigeration-heating device (20) and an exhaust fan (19), adjusting the temperature to 110 ℃, drying for 24 hours, and taking out a sample (7) for weighing and screening after drying; the above repeated tests are cyclically carried out after the sample (7) with the grain diameter larger than 5mm is placed in the transparent ring cavity (8) againnDrying and weighing mass of secondary sample (7) after freeze-thaw cycleIs marked as
The disintegration resistance index of the sample (7) was calculated: .
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